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Private Letters of Edward Gibbon (1753-1794) Volume 2 (of 2)
Private Letters of Edward Gibbon (1753-1794) Volume 2 (of 2)

Chapter XI

Chapter 11 of Private Letters of Edward Gibbon (1753-1794) Volume 2 (of 2) is here in full — 402 sentences across 81 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Cover illustration for Private Letters of Edward Gibbon (1753-1794) Volume 2 (of 2)
Context Illustration Reading 1/80 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
I am on a Committee every day from ten to four.
561.
_To Lord Sheffield._ Lausanne, April 9th, 1791.
I _will_ say no more, because I can say no more on the unfortunate subject of Buriton, the most unlucky because the least expected of all my worldly embarrassments.
Tell me fairly whether you suspect any secret management, or any legal chicanery, &c., on the side of the purchasers.
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AI-generated narration by OpenAI · Slow US English
LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

Private Letters of Edward Gibbon (1753-1794) Volume 2 (of 2)

Chapter XI

Chapter 11 of Private Letters of Edward Gibbon (1753-1794) Volume 2 (of 2) is here in full — 402 sentences across 81 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/80 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
I am on a Committee every day from ten to four.
/aɪ æm ɑːn ə kəˈmɪti ˈevəri deɪ frʌm ten tuː fɔːr/
Line 2
561.
Line 3
_To Lord Sheffield._ Lausanne, April 9th, 1791.
Line 4
I _will_ say no more, because I can say no more on the unfortunate subject of Buriton, the most unlucky because the least expected of all my worldly embarrassments.
Line 5
Tell me fairly whether you suspect any secret management, or any legal chicanery, &c., on the side of the purchasers.
/tel miː ˈferli ˈweðər juː səˈspekt ˈeni ˈsiː.krət ˈmænədʒmənt ɔːr ˈeni ˈliːɡəl ʃɪˈkeɪnəri siː ɑːn ðə saɪd ʌv ðə ˈpɜːrtʃəsərz/

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

chicanery noun US /ʃɪˈkeɪnəri/

the use of tricks to deceive someone (usually to extract money from them)

From this reading “Tell me fairly whether you suspect any secret management, or any legal chicanery, &c., on the side of the purchasers.”

embarrassments noun US /ɪmˈberəsmənts/

plural of “embarrassment” — the shame you feel when your inadequacy or guilt is made public

From this reading “I _will_ say no more, because I can say no more on the unfortunate subject of Buriton, the most unlucky because the least expected of all my worldly embarrassments.”

Lausanne noun US /ˌlɔːˈsæn/

a city in western Switzerland; cultural and commercial center

From this reading “_To Lord Sheffield._ Lausanne, April 9th, 1791.”

management noun US /ˈmænədʒmənt/

the act of managing something

From this reading “Tell me fairly whether you suspect any secret management, or any legal chicanery, &c., on the side of the purchasers.”

purchasers noun US /ˈpɜːrtʃəsərz/

plural of “purchaser” — a person who buys

From this reading “Tell me fairly whether you suspect any secret management, or any legal chicanery, &c., on the side of the purchasers.”

Sheffield noun US /ˈʃefild/

a steel manufacturing city in northern England famous for its cutlery industry

From this reading “_To Lord Sheffield._ Lausanne, April 9th, 1791.”

unlucky adjective US /ənˈlʌki/

having or bringing misfortune

From this reading “I _will_ say no more, because I can say no more on the unfortunate subject of Buriton, the most unlucky because the least expected of all my worldly embarrassments.”

worldly adjective US /ˈwɜːrldli/

characteristic of or devoted to the temporal world as opposed to the spiritual world

From this reading “I _will_ say no more, because I can say no more on the unfortunate subject of Buriton, the most unlucky because the least expected of all my worldly embarrassments.”

All words in this reading · 52

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

1791

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading _To Lord Sheffield._ Lausanne, April 9th, 1791.

561

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading 561.

9th

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading _To Lord Sheffield._ Lausanne, April 9th, 1791.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading I am on a Committee every day from ten to four.

alladjectiveUS /ɔːl/

(quantifier) used with either mass or count nouns to indicate the whole number or amount of or every one of a class

From this reading I _will_ say no more, because I can say no more on the unfortunate subject of Buriton, the most unlucky because the least expected of all my worldly embarrassments.

amauxiliary verbUS /æm/

the form of “be” used with “I”

From this reading I am on a Committee every day from ten to four.

anyadjectiveUS /ˈeni/

one or some or every or all without specification

From this reading Tell me fairly whether you suspect any secret management, or any legal chicanery, &c., on the side of the purchasers.

AprilnounUS /ˈeɪprəl/

the month following March and preceding May

From this reading _To Lord Sheffield._ Lausanne, April 9th, 1791.

becauseconjunctionUS /bɪˈkɔːz/

for the reason that

From this reading I _will_ say no more, because I can say no more on the unfortunate subject of Buriton, the most unlucky because the least expected of all my worldly embarrassments.

Buriton

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading I _will_ say no more, because I can say no more on the unfortunate subject of Buriton, the most unlucky because the least expected of all my worldly embarrassments.

cnounUS /siː/

a degree on the centigrade scale of temperature

From this reading Tell me fairly whether you suspect any secret management, or any legal chicanery, &c., on the side of the purchasers.

canmodal verbUS /kæn/

to be able to, or to be allowed to

From this reading I _will_ say no more, because I can say no more on the unfortunate subject of Buriton, the most unlucky because the least expected of all my worldly embarrassments.

chicanerynounUS /ʃɪˈkeɪnəri/

the use of tricks to deceive someone (usually to extract money from them)

From this reading Tell me fairly whether you suspect any secret management, or any legal chicanery, &c., on the side of the purchasers.

CommitteenounUS /kəˈmɪti/

a special group delegated to consider some matter

From this reading I am on a Committee every day from ten to four.

daynounUS /deɪ/

time for Earth to make a complete rotation on its axis

From this reading I am on a Committee every day from ten to four.

embarrassmentsnounUS /ɪmˈberəsmənts/

plural of “embarrassment” — the shame you feel when your inadequacy or guilt is made public

From this reading I _will_ say no more, because I can say no more on the unfortunate subject of Buriton, the most unlucky because the least expected of all my worldly embarrassments.

everydeterminerUS /ˈevəri/

all the members of a group, with none left out

From this reading I am on a Committee every day from ten to four.

expectedadjectiveUS /ɪkˈspektəd/

considered likely or probable to happen or arrive

From this reading I _will_ say no more, because I can say no more on the unfortunate subject of Buriton, the most unlucky because the least expected of all my worldly embarrassments.

fairlyadverbUS /ˈferli/

to certain extent or degree

From this reading Tell me fairly whether you suspect any secret management, or any legal chicanery, &c., on the side of the purchasers.

fournounUS /fɔːr/

the cardinal number that is the sum of three and one

From this reading I am on a Committee every day from ten to four.

fromprepositionUS /frʌm/

showing where something starts, or who sent it

From this reading I am on a Committee every day from ten to four.

IpronounUS /aɪ/

the person speaking or writing, as the subject of the verb

From this reading I am on a Committee every day from ten to four.

LausannenounUS /ˌlɔːˈsæn/

a city in western Switzerland; cultural and commercial center

From this reading _To Lord Sheffield._ Lausanne, April 9th, 1791.

leastadjectiveUS /liːst/

the superlative of “little” that can be used with mass nouns and is usually preceded by “the”; a quantifier meaning smallest in amount or extent or degree

From this reading I _will_ say no more, because I can say no more on the unfortunate subject of Buriton, the most unlucky because the least expected of all my worldly embarrassments.

legaladjectiveUS /ˈliːɡəl/

established by or founded upon law or official or accepted rules

From this reading Tell me fairly whether you suspect any secret management, or any legal chicanery, &c., on the side of the purchasers.

LordnounUS /lɔːrd/

terms referring to the Judeo-Christian God

From this reading _To Lord Sheffield._ Lausanne, April 9th, 1791.

managementnounUS /ˈmænədʒmənt/

the act of managing something

From this reading Tell me fairly whether you suspect any secret management, or any legal chicanery, &c., on the side of the purchasers.

mepronounUS /miː/

the person speaking, as the object of a verb or preposition

From this reading Tell me fairly whether you suspect any secret management, or any legal chicanery, &c., on the side of the purchasers.

moreadjectiveUS /mɔːr/

(comparative of “much” used with mass nouns) a quantifier meaning greater in size or amount or extent or degree

From this reading I _will_ say no more, because I can say no more on the unfortunate subject of Buriton, the most unlucky because the least expected of all my worldly embarrassments.

mostadverbUS /moʊst/

used to form the superlative

From this reading I _will_ say no more, because I can say no more on the unfortunate subject of Buriton, the most unlucky because the least expected of all my worldly embarrassments.

mydeterminerUS /maɪ/

belonging to the person speaking

From this reading I _will_ say no more, because I can say no more on the unfortunate subject of Buriton, the most unlucky because the least expected of all my worldly embarrassments.

nodeterminerUS /noʊ/

not any; not one

From this reading I _will_ say no more, because I can say no more on the unfortunate subject of Buriton, the most unlucky because the least expected of all my worldly embarrassments.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading I _will_ say no more, because I can say no more on the unfortunate subject of Buriton, the most unlucky because the least expected of all my worldly embarrassments.

onprepositionUS /ɑːn/

touching and supported by a surface

From this reading I am on a Committee every day from ten to four.

orconjunctionUS /ɔːr/

used to join alternatives or possibilities

From this reading Tell me fairly whether you suspect any secret management, or any legal chicanery, &c., on the side of the purchasers.

purchasersnounUS /ˈpɜːrtʃəsərz/

plural of “purchaser” — a person who buys

From this reading Tell me fairly whether you suspect any secret management, or any legal chicanery, &c., on the side of the purchasers.

sayverbUS /seɪ/

express in words

From this reading I _will_ say no more, because I can say no more on the unfortunate subject of Buriton, the most unlucky because the least expected of all my worldly embarrassments.

secretnounUS /ˈsiː.krət/

Something that is kept or meant to be kept unknown or unseen by others.

From this reading Tell me fairly whether you suspect any secret management, or any legal chicanery, &c., on the side of the purchasers.

SheffieldnounUS /ˈʃefild/

a steel manufacturing city in northern England famous for its cutlery industry

From this reading _To Lord Sheffield._ Lausanne, April 9th, 1791.

sidenounUS /saɪd/

a place within a region identified relative to a center or reference location

From this reading Tell me fairly whether you suspect any secret management, or any legal chicanery, &c., on the side of the purchasers.

subjectnounUS /səbˈdʒekt/

the subject matter of a conversation or discussion

From this reading I _will_ say no more, because I can say no more on the unfortunate subject of Buriton, the most unlucky because the least expected of all my worldly embarrassments.

suspectverbUS /səˈspekt/

imagine to be the case or true or probable

From this reading Tell me fairly whether you suspect any secret management, or any legal chicanery, &c., on the side of the purchasers.

TellverbUS /tel/

express in words

From this reading Tell me fairly whether you suspect any secret management, or any legal chicanery, &c., on the side of the purchasers.

tennounUS /ten/

the cardinal number that is the sum of nine and one; the base of the decimal system

From this reading I am on a Committee every day from ten to four.

thedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading I _will_ say no more, because I can say no more on the unfortunate subject of Buriton, the most unlucky because the least expected of all my worldly embarrassments.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading I am on a Committee every day from ten to four.

unfortunateadjectiveUS /ənˈfɔːrtʃənət/

not favored by fortune; marked or accompanied by or resulting in ill fortune

From this reading I _will_ say no more, because I can say no more on the unfortunate subject of Buriton, the most unlucky because the least expected of all my worldly embarrassments.

unluckyadjectiveUS /ənˈlʌki/

having or bringing misfortune

From this reading I _will_ say no more, because I can say no more on the unfortunate subject of Buriton, the most unlucky because the least expected of all my worldly embarrassments.

whetherconjunctionUS /ˈweðər/

used to introduce two or more possibilities

From this reading Tell me fairly whether you suspect any secret management, or any legal chicanery, &c., on the side of the purchasers.

willmodal verbUS /wɪl/

used to talk about the future, or about willingness

From this reading I _will_ say no more, because I can say no more on the unfortunate subject of Buriton, the most unlucky because the least expected of all my worldly embarrassments.

worldlyadjectiveUS /ˈwɜːrldli/

characteristic of or devoted to the temporal world as opposed to the spiritual world

From this reading I _will_ say no more, because I can say no more on the unfortunate subject of Buriton, the most unlucky because the least expected of all my worldly embarrassments.

youpronounUS /juː/

the person or people being spoken to

From this reading Tell me fairly whether you suspect any secret management, or any legal chicanery, &c., on the side of the purchasers.

Chapter 11 of Private Letters of Edward Gibbon (1753-1794) Volume 2 (of 2) by Edward Gibbon holds 402 sentences, grouped into 81 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 11 of Private Letters of Edward Gibbon (1753-1794) Volume 2 (of 2) contain?

Chapter 11 holds 402 sentences of Private Letters of Edward Gibbon (1753-1794) Volume 2 (of 2), unabridged, divided into 81 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 11 of Private Letters of Edward Gibbon (1753-1794) Volume 2 (of 2) by Edward Gibbon exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 402 sentences, grouped into 81 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 11 of Private Letters of Edward Gibbon (1753-1794) Volume 2 (of 2)?

Work through the 81 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 81 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 11 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 11 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading Private Letters of Edward Gibbon (1753-1794) Volume 2 (of 2)

Common questions about reading Private Letters of Edward Gibbon (1753-1794) Volume 2 (of 2) by Edward Gibbon on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of Private Letters of Edward Gibbon (1753-1794) Volume 2 (of 2)?

Yes. All 8834 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #42632 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of Private Letters of Edward Gibbon (1753-1794) Volume 2 (of 2) is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #42632, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does Private Letters of Edward Gibbon (1753-1794) Volume 2 (of 2) take to read?

About 600 minutes of reading across 1767 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

How to read Private Letters of Edward Gibbon (1753-1794) Volume 2 (of 2) section by section

How to work through Private Letters of Edward Gibbon (1753-1794) Volume 2 (of 2) section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.

  1. Open a chapter

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  2. Read one section

    Each section holds 5 sentences; read it once through.

  3. Listen and tap

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Vocabulary met early in Private Letters of Edward Gibbon (1753-1794) Volume 2 (of 2)

Words and structures a reader meets early in Private Letters of Edward Gibbon (1753-1794) Volume 2 (of 2), each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Edward
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Private Letters of Edward Gibbon (1753-1794) Volume 2 (of 2); the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Gibbon
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Private Letters of Edward Gibbon (1753-1794) Volume 2 (of 2); the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Sheffield
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Private Letters of Edward Gibbon (1753-1794) Volume 2 (of 2); the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Barrister-at-law
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Private Letters of Edward Gibbon (1753-1794) Volume 2 (of 2); the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.