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Private Letters of Edward Gibbon (1753-1794) Volume 2 (of 2)
Private Letters of Edward Gibbon (1753-1794) Volume 2 (of 2)

Chapter XVII

Chapter 17 of Private Letters of Edward Gibbon (1753-1794) Volume 2 (of 2) is here in full — 387 sentences across 78 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Cover illustration for Private Letters of Edward Gibbon (1753-1794) Volume 2 (of 2)
Context Illustration Reading 1/77 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
[Sidenote: FOX AND HIS FOLLOWERS.]
I observe no others going into office with Lord Loughborough.
The D. of Port. is enthralled by Charles Fox, notwithstanding he declares he thinks as we do on the present topics, who do not mean to follow Ch. Fox again.
Many adhere to D. of Portland however, yet highly disapproving C. Fox's conduct.
The latter, Erskine and Grey, &c., were daily and publickly with Chauvelin, &c., before his departure.
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LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

Private Letters of Edward Gibbon (1753-1794) Volume 2 (of 2)

Chapter XVII

Chapter 17 of Private Letters of Edward Gibbon (1753-1794) Volume 2 (of 2) is here in full — 387 sentences across 78 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/77 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
[Sidenote: FOX AND HIS FOLLOWERS.]
Line 2
I observe no others going into office with Lord Loughborough.
Line 3
The D. of Port. is enthralled by Charles Fox, notwithstanding he declares he thinks as we do on the present topics, who do not mean to follow Ch. Fox again.
Line 4
Many adhere to D. of Portland however, yet highly disapproving C. Fox's conduct.
/ˈmeni ədˈhɪr tuː diː ʌv ˈpɔːrtlənd ˌhaʊˈevər jet ˈhaɪli dɪsəˈpruːvɪŋ siː ˈfɑːksəz ˈkɑːndəkt/
Line 5
The latter, Erskine and Grey, &c., were daily and publickly with Chauvelin, &c., before his departure.

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

adhere verb US /ədˈhɪr/

be compatible or in accordance with

From this reading “Many adhere to D. of Portland however, yet highly disapproving C. Fox's conduct.”

declares verb US /dɪˈklerz/

third-person singular of “declare” — state emphatically and authoritatively

From this reading “The D. of Port. is enthralled by Charles Fox, notwithstanding he declares he thinks as we do on the present topics, who do not mean to follow Ch. Fox again.”

disapproving adjective US /dɪsəˈpruːvɪŋ/

expressing or manifesting disapproval

From this reading “Many adhere to D. of Portland however, yet highly disapproving C. Fox's conduct.”

enthralled adjective US /enˈθrɔːld/

filled with wonder and delight

From this reading “The D. of Port. is enthralled by Charles Fox, notwithstanding he declares he thinks as we do on the present topics, who do not mean to follow Ch. Fox again.”

followers noun US /ˈfɑːloʊərz/

a group of followers or enthusiasts

From this reading “[Sidenote: FOX AND HIS FOLLOWERS.]”

Fox's noun US /ˈfɑːksəz/

possessive form of “fox” — alert carnivorous mammal with pointed muzzle and ears and a bushy tail; most are predators that do not hunt in packs

From this reading “Many adhere to D. of Portland however, yet highly disapproving C. Fox's conduct.”

Portland noun US /ˈpɔːrtlənd/

freshwater port and largest city in Oregon; located in northwestern Oregon on the Willamette River which divides the city into east and west sections; renowned for its beautiful natural setting among the mountains

From this reading “Many adhere to D. of Portland however, yet highly disapproving C. Fox's conduct.”

topics noun US /ˈtɑːpɪks/

plural of “topic” — the subject matter of a conversation or discussion

From this reading “The D. of Port. is enthralled by Charles Fox, notwithstanding he declares he thinks as we do on the present topics, who do not mean to follow Ch. Fox again.”

All words in this reading · 59

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

adhereverbUS /ədˈhɪr/

be compatible or in accordance with

From this reading Many adhere to D. of Portland however, yet highly disapproving C. Fox's conduct.

againadverbUS /əˈɡen/

anew

From this reading The D. of Port. is enthralled by Charles Fox, notwithstanding he declares he thinks as we do on the present topics, who do not mean to follow Ch. Fox again.

ANDconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading [Sidenote: FOX AND HIS FOLLOWERS.]

asconjunctionUS /æz/

at the same time that; because; in the way that

From this reading The D. of Port. is enthralled by Charles Fox, notwithstanding he declares he thinks as we do on the present topics, who do not mean to follow Ch. Fox again.

beforeprepositionUS /bɪˈfɔːr/

earlier than; in front of

From this reading The latter, Erskine and Grey, &c., were daily and publickly with Chauvelin, &c., before his departure.

byprepositionUS /baɪ/

showing who or what does the action

From this reading The D. of Port. is enthralled by Charles Fox, notwithstanding he declares he thinks as we do on the present topics, who do not mean to follow Ch. Fox again.

CnounUS /siː/

a degree on the centigrade scale of temperature

From this reading Many adhere to D. of Portland however, yet highly disapproving C. Fox's conduct.

Ch

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The D. of Port. is enthralled by Charles Fox, notwithstanding he declares he thinks as we do on the present topics, who do not mean to follow Ch. Fox again.

CharlesnounUS /tʃɑːrlz/

King of France from 1560 to 1574 whose reign was dominated by his mother Catherine de Medicis (1550-1574)

From this reading The D. of Port. is enthralled by Charles Fox, notwithstanding he declares he thinks as we do on the present topics, who do not mean to follow Ch. Fox again.

Chauvelin

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The latter, Erskine and Grey, &c., were daily and publickly with Chauvelin, &c., before his departure.

conductverbUS /ˈkɑːndəkt/

direct the course of; manage or control

From this reading Many adhere to D. of Portland however, yet highly disapproving C. Fox's conduct.

DnounUS /diː/

a fat-soluble vitamin that prevents rickets

From this reading The D. of Port. is enthralled by Charles Fox, notwithstanding he declares he thinks as we do on the present topics, who do not mean to follow Ch. Fox again.

dailyadverbUS /ˈdeɪli/

every day; without missing a day

From this reading The latter, Erskine and Grey, &c., were daily and publickly with Chauvelin, &c., before his departure.

declaresverbUS /dɪˈklerz/

third-person singular of “declare” — state emphatically and authoritatively

From this reading The D. of Port. is enthralled by Charles Fox, notwithstanding he declares he thinks as we do on the present topics, who do not mean to follow Ch. Fox again.

departurenounUS /dɪˈpɑːrtʃər/

the act of departing

From this reading The latter, Erskine and Grey, &c., were daily and publickly with Chauvelin, &c., before his departure.

disapprovingadjectiveUS /dɪsəˈpruːvɪŋ/

expressing or manifesting disapproval

From this reading Many adhere to D. of Portland however, yet highly disapproving C. Fox's conduct.

doauxiliary verbUS /duː/

used to form questions and negatives, and to give emphasis

From this reading The D. of Port. is enthralled by Charles Fox, notwithstanding he declares he thinks as we do on the present topics, who do not mean to follow Ch. Fox again.

enthralledadjectiveUS /enˈθrɔːld/

filled with wonder and delight

From this reading The D. of Port. is enthralled by Charles Fox, notwithstanding he declares he thinks as we do on the present topics, who do not mean to follow Ch. Fox again.

Erskine

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The latter, Erskine and Grey, &c., were daily and publickly with Chauvelin, &c., before his departure.

followverbUS /ˈfɑːloʊ/

to travel behind, go after, come after

From this reading The D. of Port. is enthralled by Charles Fox, notwithstanding he declares he thinks as we do on the present topics, who do not mean to follow Ch. Fox again.

FOLLOWERSnounUS /ˈfɑːloʊərz/

a group of followers or enthusiasts

From this reading [Sidenote: FOX AND HIS FOLLOWERS.]

FOXnounUS /fɑːks/

alert carnivorous mammal with pointed muzzle and ears and a bushy tail; most are predators that do not hunt in packs

From this reading [Sidenote: FOX AND HIS FOLLOWERS.]

Fox'snounUS /ˈfɑːksəz/

possessive form of “fox” — alert carnivorous mammal with pointed muzzle and ears and a bushy tail; most are predators that do not hunt in packs

From this reading Many adhere to D. of Portland however, yet highly disapproving C. Fox's conduct.

goingnounUS /ˈɡoʊɪŋ/

the act of departing

From this reading I observe no others going into office with Lord Loughborough.

GreyadjectiveUS /ɡreɪ/

of an achromatic color of any lightness intermediate between the extremes of white and black

From this reading The latter, Erskine and Grey, &c., were daily and publickly with Chauvelin, &c., before his departure.

hepronounUS /hiː/

a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading The D. of Port. is enthralled by Charles Fox, notwithstanding he declares he thinks as we do on the present topics, who do not mean to follow Ch. Fox again.

highlyadverbUS /ˈhaɪli/

to a high degree or extent; favorably or with much respect

From this reading Many adhere to D. of Portland however, yet highly disapproving C. Fox's conduct.

HISdeterminerUS /hɪz/

belonging to a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned

From this reading [Sidenote: FOX AND HIS FOLLOWERS.]

howeveradverbUS /ˌhaʊˈevər/

used to add a contrasting statement

From this reading Many adhere to D. of Portland however, yet highly disapproving C. Fox's conduct.

IpronounUS /aɪ/

the person speaking or writing, as the subject of the verb

From this reading I observe no others going into office with Lord Loughborough.

intoprepositionUS /ˈɪntuː/

moving to the inside of something

From this reading I observe no others going into office with Lord Loughborough.

isauxiliary verbUS /ɪz/

the form of “be” used with he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading The D. of Port. is enthralled by Charles Fox, notwithstanding he declares he thinks as we do on the present topics, who do not mean to follow Ch. Fox again.

latteradjectiveUS /ˈlætər/

referring to the second of two things or persons mentioned (or the last one or ones of several)

From this reading The latter, Erskine and Grey, &c., were daily and publickly with Chauvelin, &c., before his departure.

LordnounUS /lɔːrd/

terms referring to the Judeo-Christian God

From this reading I observe no others going into office with Lord Loughborough.

Loughborough

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading I observe no others going into office with Lord Loughborough.

ManyadjectiveUS /ˈmeni/

a quantifier that can be used with count nouns and is often preceded by “as” or “too” or “so” or “that”; amounting to a large but indefinite number

From this reading Many adhere to D. of Portland however, yet highly disapproving C. Fox's conduct.

meanverbUS /miːn/

mean or intend to express or convey

From this reading The D. of Port. is enthralled by Charles Fox, notwithstanding he declares he thinks as we do on the present topics, who do not mean to follow Ch. Fox again.

nodeterminerUS /noʊ/

not any; not one

From this reading I observe no others going into office with Lord Loughborough.

notadverbUS /nɑːt/

used to make a word, phrase, or sentence negative

From this reading The D. of Port. is enthralled by Charles Fox, notwithstanding he declares he thinks as we do on the present topics, who do not mean to follow Ch. Fox again.

notwithstandingadverbUS /ˌnɑːtwɪθˈstændɪŋ/

despite anything to the contrary (usually preceding a concession)

From this reading The D. of Port. is enthralled by Charles Fox, notwithstanding he declares he thinks as we do on the present topics, who do not mean to follow Ch. Fox again.

observeverbUS /əbˈzɜːrv/

discover or determine the existence, presence, or fact of

From this reading I observe no others going into office with Lord Loughborough.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading The D. of Port. is enthralled by Charles Fox, notwithstanding he declares he thinks as we do on the present topics, who do not mean to follow Ch. Fox again.

officenounUS /ˈɔːfɪs/

place of business where professional or clerical duties are performed

From this reading I observe no others going into office with Lord Loughborough.

onprepositionUS /ɑːn/

touching and supported by a surface

From this reading The D. of Port. is enthralled by Charles Fox, notwithstanding he declares he thinks as we do on the present topics, who do not mean to follow Ch. Fox again.

others

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading I observe no others going into office with Lord Loughborough.

PortnounUS /pɔːrt/

a place (seaport or airport) where people and merchandise can enter or leave a country

From this reading The D. of Port. is enthralled by Charles Fox, notwithstanding he declares he thinks as we do on the present topics, who do not mean to follow Ch. Fox again.

PortlandnounUS /ˈpɔːrtlənd/

freshwater port and largest city in Oregon; located in northwestern Oregon on the Willamette River which divides the city into east and west sections; renowned for its beautiful natural setting among the mountains

From this reading Many adhere to D. of Portland however, yet highly disapproving C. Fox's conduct.

presentverbUS /ˈprezənt/

give an exhibition of to an interested audience

From this reading The D. of Port. is enthralled by Charles Fox, notwithstanding he declares he thinks as we do on the present topics, who do not mean to follow Ch. Fox again.

publickly

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The latter, Erskine and Grey, &c., were daily and publickly with Chauvelin, &c., before his departure.

Sidenote

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading [Sidenote: FOX AND HIS FOLLOWERS.]

ThedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading The D. of Port. is enthralled by Charles Fox, notwithstanding he declares he thinks as we do on the present topics, who do not mean to follow Ch. Fox again.

thinksnounUS /θɪŋks/

plural of “think” — an instance of deliberate thinking

From this reading The D. of Port. is enthralled by Charles Fox, notwithstanding he declares he thinks as we do on the present topics, who do not mean to follow Ch. Fox again.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading The D. of Port. is enthralled by Charles Fox, notwithstanding he declares he thinks as we do on the present topics, who do not mean to follow Ch. Fox again.

topicsnounUS /ˈtɑːpɪks/

plural of “topic” — the subject matter of a conversation or discussion

From this reading The D. of Port. is enthralled by Charles Fox, notwithstanding he declares he thinks as we do on the present topics, who do not mean to follow Ch. Fox again.

wepronounUS /wiː/

the speaker together with one or more other people

From this reading The D. of Port. is enthralled by Charles Fox, notwithstanding he declares he thinks as we do on the present topics, who do not mean to follow Ch. Fox again.

wereauxiliary verbUS /wɜːr/

the past form of “be” used with you, we, they, or a plural noun

From this reading The latter, Erskine and Grey, &c., were daily and publickly with Chauvelin, &c., before his departure.

whopronounUS /huː/

which person or people

From this reading The D. of Port. is enthralled by Charles Fox, notwithstanding he declares he thinks as we do on the present topics, who do not mean to follow Ch. Fox again.

withprepositionUS /wɪð/

in the company of; together with

From this reading I observe no others going into office with Lord Loughborough.

yetconjunctionUS /jet/

but in spite of that

From this reading Many adhere to D. of Portland however, yet highly disapproving C. Fox's conduct.

Chapter 17 of Private Letters of Edward Gibbon (1753-1794) Volume 2 (of 2) by Edward Gibbon holds 387 sentences, grouped into 78 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 17 of Private Letters of Edward Gibbon (1753-1794) Volume 2 (of 2) contain?

Chapter 17 holds 387 sentences of Private Letters of Edward Gibbon (1753-1794) Volume 2 (of 2), unabridged, divided into 78 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 17 of Private Letters of Edward Gibbon (1753-1794) Volume 2 (of 2) by Edward Gibbon exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 387 sentences, grouped into 78 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 17 of Private Letters of Edward Gibbon (1753-1794) Volume 2 (of 2)?

Work through the 78 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 78 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 17 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 17 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading Private Letters of Edward Gibbon (1753-1794) Volume 2 (of 2)

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Is this the complete text of Private Letters of Edward Gibbon (1753-1794) Volume 2 (of 2)?

Yes. All 8834 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #42632 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of Private Letters of Edward Gibbon (1753-1794) Volume 2 (of 2) is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #42632, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

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About 600 minutes of reading across 1767 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

How to read Private Letters of Edward Gibbon (1753-1794) Volume 2 (of 2) section by section

How to work through Private Letters of Edward Gibbon (1753-1794) Volume 2 (of 2) section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.

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Vocabulary met early in Private Letters of Edward Gibbon (1753-1794) Volume 2 (of 2)

Words and structures a reader meets early in Private Letters of Edward Gibbon (1753-1794) Volume 2 (of 2), each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Edward
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Private Letters of Edward Gibbon (1753-1794) Volume 2 (of 2); the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Gibbon
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Private Letters of Edward Gibbon (1753-1794) Volume 2 (of 2); the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Sheffield
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Private Letters of Edward Gibbon (1753-1794) Volume 2 (of 2); the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Barrister-at-law
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Private Letters of Edward Gibbon (1753-1794) Volume 2 (of 2); the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.