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Private Spud Tamson
Private Spud Tamson

Chapter XVIII · The Power of Bread

Chapter XVIII of Private Spud Tamson, “The Power of Bread,” is here in full — 358 sentences across 72 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Cover illustration for Private Spud Tamson
Context Illustration Reading 1/71 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
_Roadways_ are the mainsprings of an army.
They are more precious than jewels.
When captured they have to be jealously guarded.
For this purpose the drill-book says you must have examination posts.
These posts are simply clearing-houses for the liars and laggards of war.
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AI-generated narration by OpenAI · Slow US English
LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

Private Spud Tamson

Chapter XVIII · The Power of Bread

Chapter XVIII of Private Spud Tamson, “The Power of Bread,” is here in full — 358 sentences across 72 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/71 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
_Roadways_ are the mainsprings of an army.
Line 2
They are more precious than jewels.
/ðeɪ ɑːr mɔːr ˈpreʃəs ðæn ˈdʒuːəlz/
Line 3
When captured they have to be jealously guarded.
/wen ˈkæptʃərd ðeɪ hæv tuː biː ˈdʒeləsli ˈɡɑːrdəd/
Line 4
For this purpose the drill-book says you must have examination posts.
Line 5
These posts are simply clearing-houses for the liars and laggards of war.

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

captured verb US /ˈkæptʃərd/

past form of “capture” — succeed in representing or expressing something intangible

From this reading “When captured they have to be jealously guarded.”

guarded adjective US /ˈɡɑːrdəd/

prudent

From this reading “When captured they have to be jealously guarded.”

jealously adverb US /ˈdʒeləsli/

with jealousy

From this reading “When captured they have to be jealously guarded.”

jewels noun US /ˈdʒuːəlz/

plural of “jewel” — a precious or semiprecious stone incorporated into a piece of jewelry

From this reading “They are more precious than jewels.”

laggards noun US /ˈlæɡərdz/

plural of “laggard” — someone who takes more time than necessary; someone who lags behind

From this reading “These posts are simply clearing-houses for the liars and laggards of war.”

liars noun US /ˈlaɪərz/

plural of “liar” — a person who has lied or who lies repeatedly

From this reading “These posts are simply clearing-houses for the liars and laggards of war.”

posts noun US /poʊsts/

plural of “post” — the position where someone (as a guard or sentry) stands or is assigned to stand

From this reading “For this purpose the drill-book says you must have examination posts.”

Roadways noun US /ˈroʊdweɪz/

plural of “roadway” — a road (especially that part of a road) over which vehicles travel

Word partnerships in these lines

English keeps certain words together, and knowing the pair is worth more than knowing each word alone. Every partnership below was counted across our whole published library, and earns its place by appearing far more often than two unrelated words of the same frequency would.

Shown as this reading writes them, with the form the library counts, what kind of pairing it is, and how often it occurs.

jealously guarded adverb + adjective

In this reading “When captured they have to be jealously guarded.”

All words in this reading · 35

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

andeterminerUS /æn/

the form of “a” used before a word that begins with a vowel sound

From this reading _Roadways_ are the mainsprings of an army.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading These posts are simply clearing-houses for the liars and laggards of war.

areauxiliary verbUS /ɑːr/

the form of “be” used with you, we, they, or a plural noun

From this reading _Roadways_ are the mainsprings of an army.

armynounUS /ˈɑːrmi/

a permanent organization of the military land forces of a nation or state

From this reading _Roadways_ are the mainsprings of an army.

beauxiliary verbUS /biː/

used with a past participle to form the passive, or with -ing for continuous tenses

From this reading When captured they have to be jealously guarded.

capturedverbUS /ˈkæptʃərd/

past form of “capture” — succeed in representing or expressing something intangible

From this reading When captured they have to be jealously guarded.

clearing-houses

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading These posts are simply clearing-houses for the liars and laggards of war.

drill-book

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading For this purpose the drill-book says you must have examination posts.

examinationnounUS /ɪɡˌzæməˈneɪʃən/

the act of examining something closely (as for mistakes)

From this reading For this purpose the drill-book says you must have examination posts.

ForprepositionUS /fɔːr/

intended to be given to, or used by, somebody

From this reading For this purpose the drill-book says you must have examination posts.

guardedadjectiveUS /ˈɡɑːrdəd/

prudent

From this reading When captured they have to be jealously guarded.

haveauxiliary verbUS /hæv/

used with a past participle to form the perfect tenses

From this reading When captured they have to be jealously guarded.

jealouslyadverbUS /ˈdʒeləsli/

with jealousy

From this reading When captured they have to be jealously guarded.

jewelsnounUS /ˈdʒuːəlz/

plural of “jewel” — a precious or semiprecious stone incorporated into a piece of jewelry

From this reading They are more precious than jewels.

laggardsnounUS /ˈlæɡərdz/

plural of “laggard” — someone who takes more time than necessary; someone who lags behind

From this reading These posts are simply clearing-houses for the liars and laggards of war.

liarsnounUS /ˈlaɪərz/

plural of “liar” — a person who has lied or who lies repeatedly

From this reading These posts are simply clearing-houses for the liars and laggards of war.

mainsprings

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading _Roadways_ are the mainsprings of an army.

moreadjectiveUS /mɔːr/

(comparative of “much” used with mass nouns) a quantifier meaning greater in size or amount or extent or degree

From this reading They are more precious than jewels.

mustmodal verbUS /mʌst/

used to say something is necessary, or almost certainly true

From this reading For this purpose the drill-book says you must have examination posts.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading _Roadways_ are the mainsprings of an army.

postsnounUS /poʊsts/

plural of “post” — the position where someone (as a guard or sentry) stands or is assigned to stand

From this reading For this purpose the drill-book says you must have examination posts.

preciousadjectiveUS /ˈpreʃəs/

characterized by feeling or showing fond affection for

From this reading They are more precious than jewels.

purposenounUS /ˈpɜːrpəs/

an anticipated outcome that is intended or that guides your planned actions

From this reading For this purpose the drill-book says you must have examination posts.

RoadwaysnounUS /ˈroʊdweɪz/

plural of “roadway” — a road (especially that part of a road) over which vehicles travel

From this reading _Roadways_ are the mainsprings of an army.

saysnounUS /sez/

plural of “say” — the chance to speak

From this reading For this purpose the drill-book says you must have examination posts.

simplyadverbUS /ˈsɪmpli/

and nothing more

From this reading These posts are simply clearing-houses for the liars and laggards of war.

thanconjunctionUS /ðæn/

used to introduce the second part of a comparison

From this reading They are more precious than jewels.

thedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading _Roadways_ are the mainsprings of an army.

ThesedeterminerUS /ðiːz/

the plural of “this”: the people or things near, or just mentioned

From this reading These posts are simply clearing-houses for the liars and laggards of war.

TheypronounUS /ðeɪ/

the people, animals, or things already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading They are more precious than jewels.

thisdeterminerUS /ðɪs/

used for a person or thing that is near, or that has just been mentioned

From this reading For this purpose the drill-book says you must have examination posts.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading When captured they have to be jealously guarded.

warnounUS /wɔːr/

the waging of armed conflict against an enemy

From this reading These posts are simply clearing-houses for the liars and laggards of war.

WhenconjunctionUS /wen/

at the time that

From this reading When captured they have to be jealously guarded.

youpronounUS /juː/

the person or people being spoken to

From this reading For this purpose the drill-book says you must have examination posts.

Chapter 18 of Private Spud Tamson by R. W. Campbell holds 358 sentences, grouped into 72 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 18 of Private Spud Tamson contain?

Chapter 18 holds 358 sentences of Private Spud Tamson, unabridged, divided into 72 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 18 of Private Spud Tamson by R. W. Campbell exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 358 sentences, grouped into 72 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 18 of Private Spud Tamson?

Work through the 72 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 72 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 18 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 18 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading Private Spud Tamson

Common questions about reading Private Spud Tamson by R. W. Campbell on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of Private Spud Tamson?

Yes. All 4178 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #47315 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of Private Spud Tamson is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #47315, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does Private Spud Tamson take to read?

About 348 minutes of reading across 836 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

How to read Private Spud Tamson section by section

How to work through Private Spud Tamson section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.

  1. Open a chapter

    Choose one of the 19 chapters of Private Spud Tamson to begin.

  2. Read one section

    Each section holds 5 sentences; read it once through.

  3. Listen and tap

    Play the section aloud, then tap any unfamiliar word for its entry.

Vocabulary met early in Private Spud Tamson

Words and structures a reader meets early in Private Spud Tamson, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Tamson
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Private Spud Tamson; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Enlists
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Private Spud Tamson; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Glesca
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Private Spud Tamson; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Mileeshy
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Private Spud Tamson; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.