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Problematic Characters: A Novel
Problematic Characters: A Novel

Chapter XII

Chapter 12 of Problematic Characters: A Novel is here in full — 118 sentences across 24 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

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Context Illustration Reading 1/23 · 5 lines
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At this moment a horseman passed them at full gallop, who had turned a few moments before from a byway into the high-road.
A large Newfoundland dog, whom Oswald at first took for Melitta's dog, galloped in long strides by the side of the horse, a superb jet-black thorough-bred, whose chest was covered with white foam.
The horseman, as far as they could judge in passing, was a man of perhaps thirty, tall and thin, and, contrary to the custom of the country gentlemen of that region, in long trousers instead of top-boots; his seat on horseback was utterly unlike that of a country gentleman.
But this was perhaps more the effect of negligence and the habit of carelessness than real awkwardness, for when he found himself suddenly close before the two wanderers, whom he had not noticed before in his thoughts or his reveries, he threw his horse with such force and skill on his haunches, that he proved his horsemanship beyond all doubt.
"_Excusez, Messieurs_," he said, touching his hat and riding off again.
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LEARNER DICTIONARY
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/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
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A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

Problematic Characters: A Novel

Chapter XII

Chapter 12 of Problematic Characters: A Novel is here in full — 118 sentences across 24 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/23 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
At this moment a horseman passed them at full gallop, who had turned a few moments before from a byway into the high-road.
Line 2
A large Newfoundland dog, whom Oswald at first took for Melitta's dog, galloped in long strides by the side of the horse, a superb jet-black thorough-bred, whose chest was covered with white foam.
Line 3
The horseman, as far as they could judge in passing, was a man of perhaps thirty, tall and thin, and, contrary to the custom of the country gentlemen of that region, in long trousers instead of top-boots; his seat on horseback was utterly unlike that of a country gentleman.
Line 4
But this was perhaps more the effect of negligence and the habit of carelessness than real awkwardness, for when he found himself suddenly close before the two wanderers, whom he had not noticed before in his thoughts or his reveries, he threw his horse with such force and skill on his haunches, that he proved his horsemanship beyond all doubt.
Line 5
"_Excusez, Messieurs_," he said, touching his hat and riding off again.

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

awkwardness noun US /ˈɔːkwərdnəs/

unskillfulness resulting from a lack of training

From this reading “But this was perhaps more the effect of negligence and the habit of carelessness than real awkwardness, for when he found himself suddenly close before the two wanderers, whom he had not noticed before in his thoughts or his reveries, he threw his horse with such force and skill on his haunches, that he proved his horsemanship beyond all doubt.”

byway noun US /ˈbaɪweɪ/

a side road little traveled (as in the countryside)

From this reading “At this moment a horseman passed them at full gallop, who had turned a few moments before from a byway into the high-road.”

horsemanship noun US /ˈhɔːrsmənʃɪp/

skill in handling and riding horses

From this reading “But this was perhaps more the effect of negligence and the habit of carelessness than real awkwardness, for when he found himself suddenly close before the two wanderers, whom he had not noticed before in his thoughts or his reveries, he threw his horse with such force and skill on his haunches, that he proved his horsemanship beyond all doubt.”

Messieurs noun US /meɪˈsjɜːrz/

plural of “monsieur” — used as a French courtesy title; equivalent to English “Mr”

negligence noun US /ˈneɡlədʒəns/

failure to act with the prudence that a reasonable person would exercise under the same circumstances

From this reading “But this was perhaps more the effect of negligence and the habit of carelessness than real awkwardness, for when he found himself suddenly close before the two wanderers, whom he had not noticed before in his thoughts or his reveries, he threw his horse with such force and skill on his haunches, that he proved his horsemanship beyond all doubt.”

Newfoundland noun US /ˈnuːfəndlənd/

a breed of very large heavy dogs with a thick coarse usually black coat; highly intelligent dogs and vigorous swimmers; developed in Newfoundland

From this reading “A large Newfoundland dog, whom Oswald at first took for Melitta's dog, galloped in long strides by the side of the horse, a superb jet-black thorough-bred, whose chest was covered with white foam.”

reveries noun US /ˈrevəriz/

plural of “revery” — an abstracted state of absorption

From this reading “But this was perhaps more the effect of negligence and the habit of carelessness than real awkwardness, for when he found himself suddenly close before the two wanderers, whom he had not noticed before in his thoughts or his reveries, he threw his horse with such force and skill on his haunches, that he proved his horsemanship beyond all doubt.”

wanderers noun US /ˈwɑːndərərz/

plural of “wanderer” — someone who leads a wandering unsettled life

From this reading “But this was perhaps more the effect of negligence and the habit of carelessness than real awkwardness, for when he found himself suddenly close before the two wanderers, whom he had not noticed before in his thoughts or his reveries, he threw his horse with such force and skill on his haunches, that he proved his horsemanship beyond all doubt.”

Word partnerships in these lines

English keeps certain words together, and knowing the pair is worth more than knowing each word alone. Every partnership below was counted across our whole published library, and earns its place by appearing far more often than two unrelated words of the same frequency would.

Shown as this reading writes them, with the form the library counts, what kind of pairing it is, and how often it occurs.

utterly unlike adverb + adjective

In this reading “The horseman, as far as they could judge in passing, was a man of perhaps thirty, tall and thin, and, contrary to the custom of the country gentlemen of that region, in long trousers instead of top-boots; his seat on horseback was utterly unlike that of a country gentleman.”

white foam noun + noun

In this reading “A large Newfoundland dog, whom Oswald at first took for Melitta's dog, galloped in long strides by the side of the horse, a superb jet-black thorough-bred, whose chest was covered with white foam.”

on horseback preposition + noun

In this reading “The horseman, as far as they could judge in passing, was a man of perhaps thirty, tall and thin, and, contrary to the custom of the country gentlemen of that region, in long trousers instead of top-boots; his seat on horseback was utterly unlike that of a country gentleman.”

few moments adjective + noun counted as “few moment”

In this reading “At this moment a horseman passed them at full gallop, who had turned a few moments before from a byway into the high-road.”

long strides adjective + noun counted as “long stride”

In this reading “A large Newfoundland dog, whom Oswald at first took for Melitta's dog, galloped in long strides by the side of the horse, a superb jet-black thorough-bred, whose chest was covered with white foam.”

country gentlemen noun + noun counted as “country gentleman”

In this reading “The horseman, as far as they could judge in passing, was a man of perhaps thirty, tall and thin, and, contrary to the custom of the country gentlemen of that region, in long trousers instead of top-boots; his seat on horseback was utterly unlike that of a country gentleman.”

by the side preposition + article + noun counted as “by … side”

In this reading “A large Newfoundland dog, whom Oswald at first took for Melitta's dog, galloped in long strides by the side of the horse, a superb jet-black thorough-bred, whose chest was covered with white foam.”

in passing preposition + noun

incidentally; in the course of doing something else

In this reading “The horseman, as far as they could judge in passing, was a man of perhaps thirty, tall and thin, and, contrary to the custom of the country gentlemen of that region, in long trousers instead of top-boots; his seat on horseback was utterly unlike that of a country gentleman.”

All words in this reading · 116

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading At this moment a horseman passed them at full gallop, who had turned a few moments before from a byway into the high-road.

againadverbUS /əˈɡen/

anew

From this reading "_Excusez, Messieurs_," he said, touching his hat and riding off again.

alladjectiveUS /ɔːl/

(quantifier) used with either mass or count nouns to indicate the whole number or amount of or every one of a class

From this reading But this was perhaps more the effect of negligence and the habit of carelessness than real awkwardness, for when he found himself suddenly close before the two wanderers, whom he had not noticed before in his thoughts or his reveries, he threw his horse with such force and skill on his haunches, that he proved his horsemanship beyond all doubt.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading The horseman, as far as they could judge in passing, was a man of perhaps thirty, tall and thin, and, contrary to the custom of the country gentlemen of that region, in long trousers instead of top-boots; his seat on horseback was utterly unlike that of a country gentleman.

asconjunctionUS /æz/

at the same time that; because; in the way that

From this reading The horseman, as far as they could judge in passing, was a man of perhaps thirty, tall and thin, and, contrary to the custom of the country gentlemen of that region, in long trousers instead of top-boots; his seat on horseback was utterly unlike that of a country gentleman.

AtprepositionUS /æt/

in or near a particular place or position

From this reading At this moment a horseman passed them at full gallop, who had turned a few moments before from a byway into the high-road.

awkwardnessnounUS /ˈɔːkwərdnəs/

unskillfulness resulting from a lack of training

From this reading But this was perhaps more the effect of negligence and the habit of carelessness than real awkwardness, for when he found himself suddenly close before the two wanderers, whom he had not noticed before in his thoughts or his reveries, he threw his horse with such force and skill on his haunches, that he proved his horsemanship beyond all doubt.

beforeprepositionUS /bɪˈfɔːr/

earlier than; in front of

From this reading At this moment a horseman passed them at full gallop, who had turned a few moments before from a byway into the high-road.

beyondprepositionUS /bɪˈɑːnd/

on the far side of; further than

From this reading But this was perhaps more the effect of negligence and the habit of carelessness than real awkwardness, for when he found himself suddenly close before the two wanderers, whom he had not noticed before in his thoughts or his reveries, he threw his horse with such force and skill on his haunches, that he proved his horsemanship beyond all doubt.

ButconjunctionUS /bʌt/

used to introduce something that contrasts with what came before

From this reading But this was perhaps more the effect of negligence and the habit of carelessness than real awkwardness, for when he found himself suddenly close before the two wanderers, whom he had not noticed before in his thoughts or his reveries, he threw his horse with such force and skill on his haunches, that he proved his horsemanship beyond all doubt.

byprepositionUS /baɪ/

showing who or what does the action

From this reading A large Newfoundland dog, whom Oswald at first took for Melitta's dog, galloped in long strides by the side of the horse, a superb jet-black thorough-bred, whose chest was covered with white foam.

bywaynounUS /ˈbaɪweɪ/

a side road little traveled (as in the countryside)

From this reading At this moment a horseman passed them at full gallop, who had turned a few moments before from a byway into the high-road.

carelessnessnounUS /ˈkerləsnəs/

the quality of not being careful or taking pains

From this reading But this was perhaps more the effect of negligence and the habit of carelessness than real awkwardness, for when he found himself suddenly close before the two wanderers, whom he had not noticed before in his thoughts or his reveries, he threw his horse with such force and skill on his haunches, that he proved his horsemanship beyond all doubt.

chestnounUS /tʃest/

the part of the human torso between the neck and the diaphragm or the corresponding part in other vertebrates

From this reading A large Newfoundland dog, whom Oswald at first took for Melitta's dog, galloped in long strides by the side of the horse, a superb jet-black thorough-bred, whose chest was covered with white foam.

closeadjectiveUS /kloʊs/

at or within a short distance in space or time or having elements near each other

From this reading But this was perhaps more the effect of negligence and the habit of carelessness than real awkwardness, for when he found himself suddenly close before the two wanderers, whom he had not noticed before in his thoughts or his reveries, he threw his horse with such force and skill on his haunches, that he proved his horsemanship beyond all doubt.

contraryadjectiveUS /ˈkɑːntreri/

very opposed in nature or character or purpose

From this reading The horseman, as far as they could judge in passing, was a man of perhaps thirty, tall and thin, and, contrary to the custom of the country gentlemen of that region, in long trousers instead of top-boots; his seat on horseback was utterly unlike that of a country gentleman.

couldmodal verbUS /kʊd/

the past of “can”; used for possibility or polite requests

From this reading The horseman, as far as they could judge in passing, was a man of perhaps thirty, tall and thin, and, contrary to the custom of the country gentlemen of that region, in long trousers instead of top-boots; his seat on horseback was utterly unlike that of a country gentleman.

countrynounUS /ˈkʌntri/

a politically organized body of people under a single government

From this reading The horseman, as far as they could judge in passing, was a man of perhaps thirty, tall and thin, and, contrary to the custom of the country gentlemen of that region, in long trousers instead of top-boots; his seat on horseback was utterly unlike that of a country gentleman.

coveredadjectiveUS /ˈkʌvərd/

overlaid or spread or topped with or enclosed within something; sometimes used as a combining form

From this reading A large Newfoundland dog, whom Oswald at first took for Melitta's dog, galloped in long strides by the side of the horse, a superb jet-black thorough-bred, whose chest was covered with white foam.

customnounUS /ˈkʌstəm/

accepted or habitual practice

From this reading The horseman, as far as they could judge in passing, was a man of perhaps thirty, tall and thin, and, contrary to the custom of the country gentlemen of that region, in long trousers instead of top-boots; his seat on horseback was utterly unlike that of a country gentleman.

dognounUS /dɔːɡ/

a member of the genus Canis (probably descended from the common wolf) that has been domesticated by man since prehistoric times; occurs in many breeds

From this reading A large Newfoundland dog, whom Oswald at first took for Melitta's dog, galloped in long strides by the side of the horse, a superb jet-black thorough-bred, whose chest was covered with white foam.

doubtnounUS /daʊt/

the state of being unsure of something

From this reading But this was perhaps more the effect of negligence and the habit of carelessness than real awkwardness, for when he found himself suddenly close before the two wanderers, whom he had not noticed before in his thoughts or his reveries, he threw his horse with such force and skill on his haunches, that he proved his horsemanship beyond all doubt.

effectnounUS /ɪˈfekt/

a phenomenon that follows and is caused by some previous phenomenon

From this reading But this was perhaps more the effect of negligence and the habit of carelessness than real awkwardness, for when he found himself suddenly close before the two wanderers, whom he had not noticed before in his thoughts or his reveries, he threw his horse with such force and skill on his haunches, that he proved his horsemanship beyond all doubt.

Excusez

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading "_Excusez, Messieurs_," he said, touching his hat and riding off again.

faradverbUS /fɑːr/

to a considerable degree; very much

From this reading The horseman, as far as they could judge in passing, was a man of perhaps thirty, tall and thin, and, contrary to the custom of the country gentlemen of that region, in long trousers instead of top-boots; his seat on horseback was utterly unlike that of a country gentleman.

fewadjectiveUS /fjuː/

a quantifier that can be used with count nouns and is often preceded by “a”; a small but indefinite number

From this reading At this moment a horseman passed them at full gallop, who had turned a few moments before from a byway into the high-road.

firstadjectiveUS /fɜːrst/

preceding all others in time or space or degree

From this reading A large Newfoundland dog, whom Oswald at first took for Melitta's dog, galloped in long strides by the side of the horse, a superb jet-black thorough-bred, whose chest was covered with white foam.

foamnounUS /foʊm/

a mass of small bubbles formed in or on a liquid

From this reading A large Newfoundland dog, whom Oswald at first took for Melitta's dog, galloped in long strides by the side of the horse, a superb jet-black thorough-bred, whose chest was covered with white foam.

forprepositionUS /fɔːr/

intended to be given to, or used by, somebody

From this reading A large Newfoundland dog, whom Oswald at first took for Melitta's dog, galloped in long strides by the side of the horse, a superb jet-black thorough-bred, whose chest was covered with white foam.

forcenounUS /fɔːrs/

a powerful effect or influence

From this reading But this was perhaps more the effect of negligence and the habit of carelessness than real awkwardness, for when he found himself suddenly close before the two wanderers, whom he had not noticed before in his thoughts or his reveries, he threw his horse with such force and skill on his haunches, that he proved his horsemanship beyond all doubt.

foundverbUS /faʊnd/

set up or found

From this reading But this was perhaps more the effect of negligence and the habit of carelessness than real awkwardness, for when he found himself suddenly close before the two wanderers, whom he had not noticed before in his thoughts or his reveries, he threw his horse with such force and skill on his haunches, that he proved his horsemanship beyond all doubt.

fromprepositionUS /frʌm/

showing where something starts, or who sent it

From this reading At this moment a horseman passed them at full gallop, who had turned a few moments before from a byway into the high-road.

fulladjectiveUS /fʊl/

containing as much or as many as is possible or normal

From this reading At this moment a horseman passed them at full gallop, who had turned a few moments before from a byway into the high-road.

gallopverbUS /ˈɡæləp/

ride at a galloping pace

From this reading At this moment a horseman passed them at full gallop, who had turned a few moments before from a byway into the high-road.

gallopedverbUS /ˈɡæləpt/

past form of “gallop” — ride at a galloping pace

From this reading A large Newfoundland dog, whom Oswald at first took for Melitta's dog, galloped in long strides by the side of the horse, a superb jet-black thorough-bred, whose chest was covered with white foam.

gentlemannounUS /ˈdʒentəlmən/

a man of refinement

From this reading The horseman, as far as they could judge in passing, was a man of perhaps thirty, tall and thin, and, contrary to the custom of the country gentlemen of that region, in long trousers instead of top-boots; his seat on horseback was utterly unlike that of a country gentleman.

gentlemennounUS /ˈdʒentəlmɪn/

plural of “gentleman” — a man of refinement

From this reading The horseman, as far as they could judge in passing, was a man of perhaps thirty, tall and thin, and, contrary to the custom of the country gentlemen of that region, in long trousers instead of top-boots; his seat on horseback was utterly unlike that of a country gentleman.

habitnounUS /ˈhæbət/

an established custom

From this reading But this was perhaps more the effect of negligence and the habit of carelessness than real awkwardness, for when he found himself suddenly close before the two wanderers, whom he had not noticed before in his thoughts or his reveries, he threw his horse with such force and skill on his haunches, that he proved his horsemanship beyond all doubt.

hadauxiliary verbUS /hæd/

the past form of “have”, used to form the past perfect

From this reading At this moment a horseman passed them at full gallop, who had turned a few moments before from a byway into the high-road.

hatnounUS /hæt/

headdress that protects the head from bad weather; has shaped crown and usually a brim

From this reading "_Excusez, Messieurs_," he said, touching his hat and riding off again.

haunches

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading But this was perhaps more the effect of negligence and the habit of carelessness than real awkwardness, for when he found himself suddenly close before the two wanderers, whom he had not noticed before in his thoughts or his reveries, he threw his horse with such force and skill on his haunches, that he proved his horsemanship beyond all doubt.

hepronounUS /hiː/

a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading But this was perhaps more the effect of negligence and the habit of carelessness than real awkwardness, for when he found himself suddenly close before the two wanderers, whom he had not noticed before in his thoughts or his reveries, he threw his horse with such force and skill on his haunches, that he proved his horsemanship beyond all doubt.

high-road

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading At this moment a horseman passed them at full gallop, who had turned a few moments before from a byway into the high-road.

himselfpronounUS /hɪmˈself/

used when the man or boy doing the action is also its object

From this reading But this was perhaps more the effect of negligence and the habit of carelessness than real awkwardness, for when he found himself suddenly close before the two wanderers, whom he had not noticed before in his thoughts or his reveries, he threw his horse with such force and skill on his haunches, that he proved his horsemanship beyond all doubt.

hisdeterminerUS /hɪz/

belonging to a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned

From this reading The horseman, as far as they could judge in passing, was a man of perhaps thirty, tall and thin, and, contrary to the custom of the country gentlemen of that region, in long trousers instead of top-boots; his seat on horseback was utterly unlike that of a country gentleman.

horsenounUS /hɔːrs/

solid-hoofed herbivorous quadruped domesticated since prehistoric times

From this reading A large Newfoundland dog, whom Oswald at first took for Melitta's dog, galloped in long strides by the side of the horse, a superb jet-black thorough-bred, whose chest was covered with white foam.

horsebacknounUS /ˈhɔːrsbæk/

the back of a horse

From this reading The horseman, as far as they could judge in passing, was a man of perhaps thirty, tall and thin, and, contrary to the custom of the country gentlemen of that region, in long trousers instead of top-boots; his seat on horseback was utterly unlike that of a country gentleman.

horsemannounUS /ˈhɔːrsmən/

a man skilled in equitation

From this reading At this moment a horseman passed them at full gallop, who had turned a few moments before from a byway into the high-road.

horsemanshipnounUS /ˈhɔːrsmənʃɪp/

skill in handling and riding horses

From this reading But this was perhaps more the effect of negligence and the habit of carelessness than real awkwardness, for when he found himself suddenly close before the two wanderers, whom he had not noticed before in his thoughts or his reveries, he threw his horse with such force and skill on his haunches, that he proved his horsemanship beyond all doubt.

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading A large Newfoundland dog, whom Oswald at first took for Melitta's dog, galloped in long strides by the side of the horse, a superb jet-black thorough-bred, whose chest was covered with white foam.

insteadadverbUS /ˌɪnˈsted/

in place of, or as an alternative to

From this reading The horseman, as far as they could judge in passing, was a man of perhaps thirty, tall and thin, and, contrary to the custom of the country gentlemen of that region, in long trousers instead of top-boots; his seat on horseback was utterly unlike that of a country gentleman.

intoprepositionUS /ˈɪntuː/

moving to the inside of something

From this reading At this moment a horseman passed them at full gallop, who had turned a few moments before from a byway into the high-road.

jet-blackadjective

of the blackest black; similar to the color of jet or coal

From this reading A large Newfoundland dog, whom Oswald at first took for Melitta's dog, galloped in long strides by the side of the horse, a superb jet-black thorough-bred, whose chest was covered with white foam.

judgeverbUS /dʒʌdʒ/

determine the result of (a competition)

From this reading The horseman, as far as they could judge in passing, was a man of perhaps thirty, tall and thin, and, contrary to the custom of the country gentlemen of that region, in long trousers instead of top-boots; his seat on horseback was utterly unlike that of a country gentleman.

largeadjectiveUS /lɑːrdʒ/

above average in size or number or quantity or magnitude or extent

From this reading A large Newfoundland dog, whom Oswald at first took for Melitta's dog, galloped in long strides by the side of the horse, a superb jet-black thorough-bred, whose chest was covered with white foam.

longadjectiveUS /lɔːŋ/

primarily temporal sense; being or indicating a relatively great or greater than average duration or passage of time or a duration as specified

From this reading A large Newfoundland dog, whom Oswald at first took for Melitta's dog, galloped in long strides by the side of the horse, a superb jet-black thorough-bred, whose chest was covered with white foam.

mannounUS /mæn/

an adult person who is male (as opposed to a woman)

From this reading The horseman, as far as they could judge in passing, was a man of perhaps thirty, tall and thin, and, contrary to the custom of the country gentlemen of that region, in long trousers instead of top-boots; his seat on horseback was utterly unlike that of a country gentleman.

Melitta's

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading A large Newfoundland dog, whom Oswald at first took for Melitta's dog, galloped in long strides by the side of the horse, a superb jet-black thorough-bred, whose chest was covered with white foam.

MessieursnounUS /meɪˈsjɜːrz/

plural of “monsieur” — used as a French courtesy title; equivalent to English “Mr”

From this reading "_Excusez, Messieurs_," he said, touching his hat and riding off again.

momentnounUS /ˈmoʊmənt/

a particular point in time

From this reading At this moment a horseman passed them at full gallop, who had turned a few moments before from a byway into the high-road.

momentsnounUS /ˈmoʊmənts/

plural of “moment” — a particular point in time

From this reading At this moment a horseman passed them at full gallop, who had turned a few moments before from a byway into the high-road.

moreadjectiveUS /mɔːr/

(comparative of “much” used with mass nouns) a quantifier meaning greater in size or amount or extent or degree

From this reading But this was perhaps more the effect of negligence and the habit of carelessness than real awkwardness, for when he found himself suddenly close before the two wanderers, whom he had not noticed before in his thoughts or his reveries, he threw his horse with such force and skill on his haunches, that he proved his horsemanship beyond all doubt.

negligencenounUS /ˈneɡlədʒəns/

failure to act with the prudence that a reasonable person would exercise under the same circumstances

From this reading But this was perhaps more the effect of negligence and the habit of carelessness than real awkwardness, for when he found himself suddenly close before the two wanderers, whom he had not noticed before in his thoughts or his reveries, he threw his horse with such force and skill on his haunches, that he proved his horsemanship beyond all doubt.

NewfoundlandnounUS /ˈnuːfəndlənd/

a breed of very large heavy dogs with a thick coarse usually black coat; highly intelligent dogs and vigorous swimmers; developed in Newfoundland

From this reading A large Newfoundland dog, whom Oswald at first took for Melitta's dog, galloped in long strides by the side of the horse, a superb jet-black thorough-bred, whose chest was covered with white foam.

notadverbUS /nɑːt/

used to make a word, phrase, or sentence negative

From this reading But this was perhaps more the effect of negligence and the habit of carelessness than real awkwardness, for when he found himself suddenly close before the two wanderers, whom he had not noticed before in his thoughts or his reveries, he threw his horse with such force and skill on his haunches, that he proved his horsemanship beyond all doubt.

noticedadjectiveUS /ˈnoʊtəst/

being perceived or observed

From this reading But this was perhaps more the effect of negligence and the habit of carelessness than real awkwardness, for when he found himself suddenly close before the two wanderers, whom he had not noticed before in his thoughts or his reveries, he threw his horse with such force and skill on his haunches, that he proved his horsemanship beyond all doubt.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading A large Newfoundland dog, whom Oswald at first took for Melitta's dog, galloped in long strides by the side of the horse, a superb jet-black thorough-bred, whose chest was covered with white foam.

offadverbUS /ɔːf/

from a particular thing or place or position (“forth” is obsolete)

From this reading "_Excusez, Messieurs_," he said, touching his hat and riding off again.

onprepositionUS /ɑːn/

touching and supported by a surface

From this reading The horseman, as far as they could judge in passing, was a man of perhaps thirty, tall and thin, and, contrary to the custom of the country gentlemen of that region, in long trousers instead of top-boots; his seat on horseback was utterly unlike that of a country gentleman.

orconjunctionUS /ɔːr/

used to join alternatives or possibilities

From this reading But this was perhaps more the effect of negligence and the habit of carelessness than real awkwardness, for when he found himself suddenly close before the two wanderers, whom he had not noticed before in his thoughts or his reveries, he threw his horse with such force and skill on his haunches, that he proved his horsemanship beyond all doubt.

OswaldnounUS /ˈɔːzwɔːld/

United States assassin of President John F. Kennedy (1939-1963)

From this reading A large Newfoundland dog, whom Oswald at first took for Melitta's dog, galloped in long strides by the side of the horse, a superb jet-black thorough-bred, whose chest was covered with white foam.

passedverbUS /pæst/

past form of “pass” — go across or through

From this reading At this moment a horseman passed them at full gallop, who had turned a few moments before from a byway into the high-road.

passingnounUS /ˈpæsɪŋ/

(American football) a play that involves one player throwing the ball to a teammate

From this reading The horseman, as far as they could judge in passing, was a man of perhaps thirty, tall and thin, and, contrary to the custom of the country gentlemen of that region, in long trousers instead of top-boots; his seat on horseback was utterly unlike that of a country gentleman.

perhapsadverbUS /pərˈhæps/

by chance

From this reading The horseman, as far as they could judge in passing, was a man of perhaps thirty, tall and thin, and, contrary to the custom of the country gentlemen of that region, in long trousers instead of top-boots; his seat on horseback was utterly unlike that of a country gentleman.

provedadjectiveUS /pruːvd/

established beyond doubt

From this reading But this was perhaps more the effect of negligence and the habit of carelessness than real awkwardness, for when he found himself suddenly close before the two wanderers, whom he had not noticed before in his thoughts or his reveries, he threw his horse with such force and skill on his haunches, that he proved his horsemanship beyond all doubt.

realadjectiveUS /riːl/

being or occurring in fact or actuality; having verified existence; not illusory

From this reading But this was perhaps more the effect of negligence and the habit of carelessness than real awkwardness, for when he found himself suddenly close before the two wanderers, whom he had not noticed before in his thoughts or his reveries, he threw his horse with such force and skill on his haunches, that he proved his horsemanship beyond all doubt.

regionnounUS /ˈriːdʒən/

the extended spatial location of something

From this reading The horseman, as far as they could judge in passing, was a man of perhaps thirty, tall and thin, and, contrary to the custom of the country gentlemen of that region, in long trousers instead of top-boots; his seat on horseback was utterly unlike that of a country gentleman.

reveriesnounUS /ˈrevəriz/

plural of “revery” — an abstracted state of absorption

From this reading But this was perhaps more the effect of negligence and the habit of carelessness than real awkwardness, for when he found himself suddenly close before the two wanderers, whom he had not noticed before in his thoughts or his reveries, he threw his horse with such force and skill on his haunches, that he proved his horsemanship beyond all doubt.

ridingnounUS /ˈraɪdɪŋ/

the sport of sitting on the back of a horse while controlling its movements

From this reading "_Excusez, Messieurs_," he said, touching his hat and riding off again.

saidadjectiveUS /sed/

being the one previously mentioned or spoken of

From this reading "_Excusez, Messieurs_," he said, touching his hat and riding off again.

seatnounUS /siːt/

a space reserved for sitting (as in a theater or on a train or airplane)

From this reading The horseman, as far as they could judge in passing, was a man of perhaps thirty, tall and thin, and, contrary to the custom of the country gentlemen of that region, in long trousers instead of top-boots; his seat on horseback was utterly unlike that of a country gentleman.

sidenounUS /saɪd/

a place within a region identified relative to a center or reference location

From this reading A large Newfoundland dog, whom Oswald at first took for Melitta's dog, galloped in long strides by the side of the horse, a superb jet-black thorough-bred, whose chest was covered with white foam.

skillnounUS /skɪl/

an ability that has been acquired by training

From this reading But this was perhaps more the effect of negligence and the habit of carelessness than real awkwardness, for when he found himself suddenly close before the two wanderers, whom he had not noticed before in his thoughts or his reveries, he threw his horse with such force and skill on his haunches, that he proved his horsemanship beyond all doubt.

stridesnounUS /straɪdz/

plural of “stride” — a step in walking or running

From this reading A large Newfoundland dog, whom Oswald at first took for Melitta's dog, galloped in long strides by the side of the horse, a superb jet-black thorough-bred, whose chest was covered with white foam.

suchdeterminerUS /sʌtʃ/

of the kind already mentioned

From this reading But this was perhaps more the effect of negligence and the habit of carelessness than real awkwardness, for when he found himself suddenly close before the two wanderers, whom he had not noticed before in his thoughts or his reveries, he threw his horse with such force and skill on his haunches, that he proved his horsemanship beyond all doubt.

suddenlyadverbUS /ˈsʌdənli/

happening unexpectedly

From this reading But this was perhaps more the effect of negligence and the habit of carelessness than real awkwardness, for when he found himself suddenly close before the two wanderers, whom he had not noticed before in his thoughts or his reveries, he threw his horse with such force and skill on his haunches, that he proved his horsemanship beyond all doubt.

superbadjectiveUS /sʊˈpɜːrb/

of surpassing excellence

From this reading A large Newfoundland dog, whom Oswald at first took for Melitta's dog, galloped in long strides by the side of the horse, a superb jet-black thorough-bred, whose chest was covered with white foam.

talladjectiveUS /tɔːl/

great in vertical dimension; high in stature

From this reading The horseman, as far as they could judge in passing, was a man of perhaps thirty, tall and thin, and, contrary to the custom of the country gentlemen of that region, in long trousers instead of top-boots; his seat on horseback was utterly unlike that of a country gentleman.

thanconjunctionUS /ðæn/

used to introduce the second part of a comparison

From this reading But this was perhaps more the effect of negligence and the habit of carelessness than real awkwardness, for when he found himself suddenly close before the two wanderers, whom he had not noticed before in his thoughts or his reveries, he threw his horse with such force and skill on his haunches, that he proved his horsemanship beyond all doubt.

thatconjunctionUS /ðæt/

used to introduce what somebody said, thought, or felt

From this reading The horseman, as far as they could judge in passing, was a man of perhaps thirty, tall and thin, and, contrary to the custom of the country gentlemen of that region, in long trousers instead of top-boots; his seat on horseback was utterly unlike that of a country gentleman.

thedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading At this moment a horseman passed them at full gallop, who had turned a few moments before from a byway into the high-road.

thempronounUS /ðem/

the people or things already mentioned, as the object

From this reading At this moment a horseman passed them at full gallop, who had turned a few moments before from a byway into the high-road.

theypronounUS /ðeɪ/

the people, animals, or things already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading The horseman, as far as they could judge in passing, was a man of perhaps thirty, tall and thin, and, contrary to the custom of the country gentlemen of that region, in long trousers instead of top-boots; his seat on horseback was utterly unlike that of a country gentleman.

thinadjectiveUS /θɪn/

Having little thickness or extent.

From this reading The horseman, as far as they could judge in passing, was a man of perhaps thirty, tall and thin, and, contrary to the custom of the country gentlemen of that region, in long trousers instead of top-boots; his seat on horseback was utterly unlike that of a country gentleman.

thirtynounUS /ˈθɜːrdiː/

the cardinal number that is the product of ten and three

From this reading The horseman, as far as they could judge in passing, was a man of perhaps thirty, tall and thin, and, contrary to the custom of the country gentlemen of that region, in long trousers instead of top-boots; his seat on horseback was utterly unlike that of a country gentleman.

thisdeterminerUS /ðɪs/

used for a person or thing that is near, or that has just been mentioned

From this reading At this moment a horseman passed them at full gallop, who had turned a few moments before from a byway into the high-road.

thorough-bred

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading A large Newfoundland dog, whom Oswald at first took for Melitta's dog, galloped in long strides by the side of the horse, a superb jet-black thorough-bred, whose chest was covered with white foam.

thoughtsnounUS /θɔːts/

plural of “thought” — the content of cognition; the main thing you are thinking about

From this reading But this was perhaps more the effect of negligence and the habit of carelessness than real awkwardness, for when he found himself suddenly close before the two wanderers, whom he had not noticed before in his thoughts or his reveries, he threw his horse with such force and skill on his haunches, that he proved his horsemanship beyond all doubt.

threwverbUS /θruː/

inflected form of “throw” — propel through the air

From this reading But this was perhaps more the effect of negligence and the habit of carelessness than real awkwardness, for when he found himself suddenly close before the two wanderers, whom he had not noticed before in his thoughts or his reveries, he threw his horse with such force and skill on his haunches, that he proved his horsemanship beyond all doubt.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading The horseman, as far as they could judge in passing, was a man of perhaps thirty, tall and thin, and, contrary to the custom of the country gentlemen of that region, in long trousers instead of top-boots; his seat on horseback was utterly unlike that of a country gentleman.

tookverbUS /tʊk/

inflected form of “take” — carry out

From this reading A large Newfoundland dog, whom Oswald at first took for Melitta's dog, galloped in long strides by the side of the horse, a superb jet-black thorough-bred, whose chest was covered with white foam.

top-boots

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The horseman, as far as they could judge in passing, was a man of perhaps thirty, tall and thin, and, contrary to the custom of the country gentlemen of that region, in long trousers instead of top-boots; his seat on horseback was utterly unlike that of a country gentleman.

touchingadjectiveUS /ˈtʌtʃɪŋ/

arousing affect

From this reading "_Excusez, Messieurs_," he said, touching his hat and riding off again.

trousersnounUS /ˈtraʊzərz/

(usually in the plural) a garment extending from the waist to the knee or ankle, covering each leg separately

From this reading The horseman, as far as they could judge in passing, was a man of perhaps thirty, tall and thin, and, contrary to the custom of the country gentlemen of that region, in long trousers instead of top-boots; his seat on horseback was utterly unlike that of a country gentleman.

turnedadjectiveUS /tɜːrnd/

moved around an axis or center

From this reading At this moment a horseman passed them at full gallop, who had turned a few moments before from a byway into the high-road.

twonounUS /tuː/

the cardinal number that is the sum of one and one or a numeral representing this number

From this reading But this was perhaps more the effect of negligence and the habit of carelessness than real awkwardness, for when he found himself suddenly close before the two wanderers, whom he had not noticed before in his thoughts or his reveries, he threw his horse with such force and skill on his haunches, that he proved his horsemanship beyond all doubt.

unlikeadjectiveUS /ənˈlaɪk/

marked by dissimilarity

From this reading The horseman, as far as they could judge in passing, was a man of perhaps thirty, tall and thin, and, contrary to the custom of the country gentlemen of that region, in long trousers instead of top-boots; his seat on horseback was utterly unlike that of a country gentleman.

utterlyadverbUS /ˈʌtərli/

completely and without qualification; used informally as intensifiers

From this reading The horseman, as far as they could judge in passing, was a man of perhaps thirty, tall and thin, and, contrary to the custom of the country gentlemen of that region, in long trousers instead of top-boots; his seat on horseback was utterly unlike that of a country gentleman.

wanderersnounUS /ˈwɑːndərərz/

plural of “wanderer” — someone who leads a wandering unsettled life

From this reading But this was perhaps more the effect of negligence and the habit of carelessness than real awkwardness, for when he found himself suddenly close before the two wanderers, whom he had not noticed before in his thoughts or his reveries, he threw his horse with such force and skill on his haunches, that he proved his horsemanship beyond all doubt.

wasauxiliary verbUS /wɑːz/

the past form of “be” used with I, he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading A large Newfoundland dog, whom Oswald at first took for Melitta's dog, galloped in long strides by the side of the horse, a superb jet-black thorough-bred, whose chest was covered with white foam.

whenconjunctionUS /wen/

at the time that

From this reading But this was perhaps more the effect of negligence and the habit of carelessness than real awkwardness, for when he found himself suddenly close before the two wanderers, whom he had not noticed before in his thoughts or his reveries, he threw his horse with such force and skill on his haunches, that he proved his horsemanship beyond all doubt.

whitenounUS /waɪt/

a Caucasian

From this reading A large Newfoundland dog, whom Oswald at first took for Melitta's dog, galloped in long strides by the side of the horse, a superb jet-black thorough-bred, whose chest was covered with white foam.

whopronounUS /huː/

which person or people

From this reading At this moment a horseman passed them at full gallop, who had turned a few moments before from a byway into the high-road.

whompronounUS /huːm/

the form of “who” used as the object of a verb or preposition

From this reading A large Newfoundland dog, whom Oswald at first took for Melitta's dog, galloped in long strides by the side of the horse, a superb jet-black thorough-bred, whose chest was covered with white foam.

whosedeterminerUS /huːz/

belonging to which person

From this reading A large Newfoundland dog, whom Oswald at first took for Melitta's dog, galloped in long strides by the side of the horse, a superb jet-black thorough-bred, whose chest was covered with white foam.

withprepositionUS /wɪð/

in the company of; together with

From this reading A large Newfoundland dog, whom Oswald at first took for Melitta's dog, galloped in long strides by the side of the horse, a superb jet-black thorough-bred, whose chest was covered with white foam.

Chapter 12 of Problematic Characters: A Novel by Friedrich Spielhagen holds 118 sentences, grouped into 24 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 12 of Problematic Characters: A Novel contain?

Chapter 12 holds 118 sentences of Problematic Characters: A Novel, unabridged, divided into 24 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 12 of Problematic Characters: A Novel by Friedrich Spielhagen exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 118 sentences, grouped into 24 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 12 of Problematic Characters: A Novel?

Work through the 24 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 24 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 12 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 12 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading Problematic Characters: A Novel

Common questions about reading Problematic Characters: A Novel by Friedrich Spielhagen on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of Problematic Characters: A Novel?

Yes. All 9955 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #34748 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of Problematic Characters: A Novel is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #34748, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does Problematic Characters: A Novel take to read?

About 600 minutes of reading across 1991 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

How to read Problematic Characters: A Novel section by section

How to work through Problematic Characters: A Novel section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.

  1. Open a chapter

    Choose one of the 40 chapters of Problematic Characters: A Novel to begin.

  2. Read one section

    Each section holds 5 sentences; read it once through.

  3. Listen and tap

    Play the section aloud, then tap any unfamiliar word for its entry.

Vocabulary met early in Problematic Characters: A Novel

Words and structures a reader meets early in Problematic Characters: A Novel, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Diphthong
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Problematic Characters: A Novel; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Represented
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Problematic Characters: A Novel; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Spielhagen's
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Problematic Characters: A Novel; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Complete
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Problematic Characters: A Novel; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.