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Punch — Vol. 159, 1920-07-28
Punch — Vol. 159, 1920-07-28

Chapter I · Chapter 1

Chapter 1 of Punch — Vol. 159, 1920-07-28 is here in full — 564 sentences across 113 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Cover illustration for Punch — Vol. 159, 1920-07-28
Context Illustration Reading 10/112 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
Not even the miners, on the other hand, would dream of letting Mr. RAMSAY MACDONALD govern it.
* * * "Does the Government realise," asks a newspaper correspondent, "that as regards the situation in Ireland we are on the edge of a crater or with a thunderbolt over our heads?"
We rather imagine that the Government, like the writer, isn't quite sure which.
* * * Oswestry Guardians have accepted an offer to supply Bibles to tramps.
This is the first occasion on which the current belief that the tramp class is nowadays being recruited largely from the ranks of the minor clergy has received formal recognition.
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LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

Punch — Vol. 159, 1920-07-28

Chapter I · Chapter 1

Chapter 1 of Punch — Vol. 159, 1920-07-28 is here in full — 564 sentences across 113 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 10/112 · 5 reading units · Lines 46–50

Line 1
Not even the miners, on the other hand, would dream of letting Mr. RAMSAY MACDONALD govern it.
Line 2
* * * "Does the Government realise," asks a newspaper correspondent, "that as regards the situation in Ireland we are on the edge of a crater or with a thunderbolt over our heads?"
/dʌz ðə ˈɡʌvərmənt ˈriːəlaɪz æsks ə ˈnuːzpeɪpər ˌkɔːrəˈspɑːndənt ðæt æz rɪˈɡɑːrdz ðə ˌsɪtʃuːˈeɪʃən ɪn ˈaɪərlənd wiː ɑːr ɑːn ðə edʒ ʌv ə ˈkreɪtər ɔːr wɪð ə ˈθʌndərbɔːlt ˈoʊvər ˈaʊər hedz/
Line 3
We rather imagine that the Government, like the writer, isn't quite sure which.
Line 4
* * * Oswestry Guardians have accepted an offer to supply Bibles to tramps.
Line 5
This is the first occasion on which the current belief that the tramp class is nowadays being recruited largely from the ranks of the minor clergy has received formal recognition.
/ðɪs ɪz ðə fɜːrst əˈkeɪʒən ɑːn wɪtʃ ðə ˈkɜːrənt bɪˈliːf ðæt ðə træmp klæs ɪz ˈnaʊədeɪz ˈbiːɪŋ rɪˈkruːtɪd ˈlɑːrdʒli frʌm ðə ræŋks ʌv ðə ˈmaɪnər ˈklɜːrdʒi hæz rəˈsiːvd ˈfɔːrməl ˌrekəɡˈnɪʃən/

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

Bibles noun US /ˈbaɪbəlz/

plural of “bible” — the sacred writings of the Christian religions

From this reading “* * * Oswestry Guardians have accepted an offer to supply Bibles to tramps.”

crater noun US /ˈkreɪtər/

a bowl-shaped geological formation at the top of a volcano

From this reading “* * * "Does the Government realise," asks a newspaper correspondent, "that as regards the situation in Ireland we are on the edge of a crater or with a thunderbolt over our heads?"”

govern verb US /ˈɡʌvərn/

bring into conformity with rules or principles or usage; impose regulations

From this reading “Not even the miners, on the other hand, would dream of letting Mr. RAMSAY MACDONALD govern it.”

Guardians noun US /ˈɡɑːrdiənz/

plural of “guardian” — a person who cares for persons or property

From this reading “* * * Oswestry Guardians have accepted an offer to supply Bibles to tramps.”

miners noun US /ˈmaɪnərz/

plural of “miner” — laborer who works in a mine

From this reading “Not even the miners, on the other hand, would dream of letting Mr. RAMSAY MACDONALD govern it.”

recruited verb US /rɪˈkruːtɪd/

past form of “recruit” — register formally as a participant or member

From this reading “This is the first occasion on which the current belief that the tramp class is nowadays being recruited largely from the ranks of the minor clergy has received formal recognition.”

thunderbolt noun US /ˈθʌndərbɔːlt/

a discharge of lightning accompanied by thunder

From this reading “* * * "Does the Government realise," asks a newspaper correspondent, "that as regards the situation in Ireland we are on the edge of a crater or with a thunderbolt over our heads?"”

tramps noun US /træmpz/

plural of “tramp” — a vagrant

From this reading “* * * Oswestry Guardians have accepted an offer to supply Bibles to tramps.”

All words in this reading · 77

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading * * * "Does the Government realise," asks a newspaper correspondent, "that as regards the situation in Ireland we are on the edge of a crater or with a thunderbolt over our heads?"

acceptedadjectiveUS /ækˈseptɪd/

generally approved or compelling recognition

From this reading * * * Oswestry Guardians have accepted an offer to supply Bibles to tramps.

andeterminerUS /æn/

the form of “a” used before a word that begins with a vowel sound

From this reading * * * Oswestry Guardians have accepted an offer to supply Bibles to tramps.

areauxiliary verbUS /ɑːr/

the form of “be” used with you, we, they, or a plural noun

From this reading * * * "Does the Government realise," asks a newspaper correspondent, "that as regards the situation in Ireland we are on the edge of a crater or with a thunderbolt over our heads?"

asconjunctionUS /æz/

at the same time that; because; in the way that

From this reading * * * "Does the Government realise," asks a newspaper correspondent, "that as regards the situation in Ireland we are on the edge of a crater or with a thunderbolt over our heads?"

asksverbUS /æsks/

third-person singular of “ask” — make a request or demand for something to somebody

From this reading * * * "Does the Government realise," asks a newspaper correspondent, "that as regards the situation in Ireland we are on the edge of a crater or with a thunderbolt over our heads?"

beingauxiliary verbUS /ˈbiːɪŋ/

the -ing form of “be”

From this reading This is the first occasion on which the current belief that the tramp class is nowadays being recruited largely from the ranks of the minor clergy has received formal recognition.

beliefnounUS /bɪˈliːf/

any cognitive content held as true

From this reading This is the first occasion on which the current belief that the tramp class is nowadays being recruited largely from the ranks of the minor clergy has received formal recognition.

BiblesnounUS /ˈbaɪbəlz/

plural of “bible” — the sacred writings of the Christian religions

From this reading * * * Oswestry Guardians have accepted an offer to supply Bibles to tramps.

classnounUS /klæs/

a collection of things sharing a common attribute

From this reading This is the first occasion on which the current belief that the tramp class is nowadays being recruited largely from the ranks of the minor clergy has received formal recognition.

clergynounUS /ˈklɜːrdʒi/

in Christianity, clergymen collectively (as distinguished from the laity)

From this reading This is the first occasion on which the current belief that the tramp class is nowadays being recruited largely from the ranks of the minor clergy has received formal recognition.

correspondentnounUS /ˌkɔːrəˈspɑːndənt/

someone who communicates by means of letters

From this reading * * * "Does the Government realise," asks a newspaper correspondent, "that as regards the situation in Ireland we are on the edge of a crater or with a thunderbolt over our heads?"

craternounUS /ˈkreɪtər/

a bowl-shaped geological formation at the top of a volcano

From this reading * * * "Does the Government realise," asks a newspaper correspondent, "that as regards the situation in Ireland we are on the edge of a crater or with a thunderbolt over our heads?"

currentnounUS /ˈkɜːrənt/

a flow of electricity through a conductor

From this reading This is the first occasion on which the current belief that the tramp class is nowadays being recruited largely from the ranks of the minor clergy has received formal recognition.

Doesauxiliary verbUS /dʌz/

the form of “do” used with he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading * * * "Does the Government realise," asks a newspaper correspondent, "that as regards the situation in Ireland we are on the edge of a crater or with a thunderbolt over our heads?"

dreamnounUS /driːm/

A series of thoughts, images, or emotions during sleep.

From this reading Not even the miners, on the other hand, would dream of letting Mr. RAMSAY MACDONALD govern it.

edgenounUS /edʒ/

the boundary of a surface

From this reading * * * "Does the Government realise," asks a newspaper correspondent, "that as regards the situation in Ireland we are on the edge of a crater or with a thunderbolt over our heads?"

evenadjectiveUS /ˈiːvɪn/

divisible by two

From this reading Not even the miners, on the other hand, would dream of letting Mr. RAMSAY MACDONALD govern it.

firstadjectiveUS /fɜːrst/

preceding all others in time or space or degree

From this reading This is the first occasion on which the current belief that the tramp class is nowadays being recruited largely from the ranks of the minor clergy has received formal recognition.

formaladjectiveUS /ˈfɔːrməl/

being in accord with established forms and conventions and requirements (as e.g. of formal dress)

From this reading This is the first occasion on which the current belief that the tramp class is nowadays being recruited largely from the ranks of the minor clergy has received formal recognition.

fromprepositionUS /frʌm/

showing where something starts, or who sent it

From this reading This is the first occasion on which the current belief that the tramp class is nowadays being recruited largely from the ranks of the minor clergy has received formal recognition.

governverbUS /ˈɡʌvərn/

bring into conformity with rules or principles or usage; impose regulations

From this reading Not even the miners, on the other hand, would dream of letting Mr. RAMSAY MACDONALD govern it.

GovernmentnounUS /ˈɡʌvərmənt/

the organization that is the governing authority of a political unit

From this reading * * * "Does the Government realise," asks a newspaper correspondent, "that as regards the situation in Ireland we are on the edge of a crater or with a thunderbolt over our heads?"

GuardiansnounUS /ˈɡɑːrdiənz/

plural of “guardian” — a person who cares for persons or property

From this reading * * * Oswestry Guardians have accepted an offer to supply Bibles to tramps.

handnounUS /hænd/

the (prehensile) extremity of the superior limb

From this reading Not even the miners, on the other hand, would dream of letting Mr. RAMSAY MACDONALD govern it.

hasauxiliary verbUS /hæz/

the form of “have” used with he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading This is the first occasion on which the current belief that the tramp class is nowadays being recruited largely from the ranks of the minor clergy has received formal recognition.

haveauxiliary verbUS /hæv/

used with a past participle to form the perfect tenses

From this reading * * * Oswestry Guardians have accepted an offer to supply Bibles to tramps.

headsnounUS /hedz/

plural of “head” — the upper part of the human body or the front part of the body in animals; contains the face and brains

From this reading * * * "Does the Government realise," asks a newspaper correspondent, "that as regards the situation in Ireland we are on the edge of a crater or with a thunderbolt over our heads?"

imagineverbUS /ˌɪˈmædʒən/

form a mental image of something that is not present or that is not the case

From this reading We rather imagine that the Government, like the writer, isn't quite sure which.

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading * * * "Does the Government realise," asks a newspaper correspondent, "that as regards the situation in Ireland we are on the edge of a crater or with a thunderbolt over our heads?"

IrelandnounUS /ˈaɪərlənd/

a republic consisting of 26 of 32 counties comprising the island of Ireland; achieved independence from the United Kingdom in 1921

From this reading * * * "Does the Government realise," asks a newspaper correspondent, "that as regards the situation in Ireland we are on the edge of a crater or with a thunderbolt over our heads?"

isauxiliary verbUS /ɪz/

the form of “be” used with he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading This is the first occasion on which the current belief that the tramp class is nowadays being recruited largely from the ranks of the minor clergy has received formal recognition.

isn't

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading We rather imagine that the Government, like the writer, isn't quite sure which.

itpronounUS /ɪt/

a thing, animal, or idea already mentioned

From this reading Not even the miners, on the other hand, would dream of letting Mr. RAMSAY MACDONALD govern it.

largelyadverbUS /ˈlɑːrdʒli/

in large part; mainly or chiefly

From this reading This is the first occasion on which the current belief that the tramp class is nowadays being recruited largely from the ranks of the minor clergy has received formal recognition.

lettingnounUS /ˈletɪŋ/

property that is leased or rented out or let

From this reading Not even the miners, on the other hand, would dream of letting Mr. RAMSAY MACDONALD govern it.

likeverbUS /laɪk/

prefer or wish to do something

From this reading We rather imagine that the Government, like the writer, isn't quite sure which.

MACDONALD

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Not even the miners, on the other hand, would dream of letting Mr. RAMSAY MACDONALD govern it.

minersnounUS /ˈmaɪnərz/

plural of “miner” — laborer who works in a mine

From this reading Not even the miners, on the other hand, would dream of letting Mr. RAMSAY MACDONALD govern it.

minoradjectiveUS /ˈmaɪnər/

of lesser importance or stature or rank

From this reading This is the first occasion on which the current belief that the tramp class is nowadays being recruited largely from the ranks of the minor clergy has received formal recognition.

MrnounUS /ˈmɪstər/

a form of address for a man

From this reading Not even the miners, on the other hand, would dream of letting Mr. RAMSAY MACDONALD govern it.

newspapernounUS /ˈnuːzpeɪpər/

a daily or weekly publication on folded sheets; contains news and articles and advertisements

From this reading * * * "Does the Government realise," asks a newspaper correspondent, "that as regards the situation in Ireland we are on the edge of a crater or with a thunderbolt over our heads?"

NotadverbUS /nɑːt/

used to make a word, phrase, or sentence negative

From this reading Not even the miners, on the other hand, would dream of letting Mr. RAMSAY MACDONALD govern it.

nowadaysnounUS /ˈnaʊədeɪz/

the period of time that is happening now; any continuous stretch of time including the moment of speech

From this reading This is the first occasion on which the current belief that the tramp class is nowadays being recruited largely from the ranks of the minor clergy has received formal recognition.

occasionnounUS /əˈkeɪʒən/

an event that occurs at a critical time

From this reading This is the first occasion on which the current belief that the tramp class is nowadays being recruited largely from the ranks of the minor clergy has received formal recognition.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading Not even the miners, on the other hand, would dream of letting Mr. RAMSAY MACDONALD govern it.

offerverbUS /ˈɔːfər/

make available or accessible, provide or furnish

From this reading * * * Oswestry Guardians have accepted an offer to supply Bibles to tramps.

onprepositionUS /ɑːn/

touching and supported by a surface

From this reading Not even the miners, on the other hand, would dream of letting Mr. RAMSAY MACDONALD govern it.

orconjunctionUS /ɔːr/

used to join alternatives or possibilities

From this reading * * * "Does the Government realise," asks a newspaper correspondent, "that as regards the situation in Ireland we are on the edge of a crater or with a thunderbolt over our heads?"

Oswestry

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading * * * Oswestry Guardians have accepted an offer to supply Bibles to tramps.

otheradjectiveUS /ˈʌðər/

not the same one or ones already mentioned or implied

From this reading Not even the miners, on the other hand, would dream of letting Mr. RAMSAY MACDONALD govern it.

ourdeterminerUS /ˈaʊər/

belonging to the speaker and others

From this reading * * * "Does the Government realise," asks a newspaper correspondent, "that as regards the situation in Ireland we are on the edge of a crater or with a thunderbolt over our heads?"

overprepositionUS /ˈoʊvər/

above and across; more than

From this reading * * * "Does the Government realise," asks a newspaper correspondent, "that as regards the situation in Ireland we are on the edge of a crater or with a thunderbolt over our heads?"

quiteadverbUS /kwaɪt/

to a degree (not used with a negative)

From this reading We rather imagine that the Government, like the writer, isn't quite sure which.

RAMSAY

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Not even the miners, on the other hand, would dream of letting Mr. RAMSAY MACDONALD govern it.

ranksnounUS /ræŋks/

plural of “rank” — a row or line of people (especially soldiers or police) standing abreast of one another

From this reading This is the first occasion on which the current belief that the tramp class is nowadays being recruited largely from the ranks of the minor clergy has received formal recognition.

ratheradverbUS /ˈræðər/

on the contrary

From this reading We rather imagine that the Government, like the writer, isn't quite sure which.

realiseverbUS /ˈriːəlaɪz/

earn on some commercial or business transaction; earn as salary or wages

From this reading * * * "Does the Government realise," asks a newspaper correspondent, "that as regards the situation in Ireland we are on the edge of a crater or with a thunderbolt over our heads?"

receivedadjectiveUS /rəˈsiːvd/

conforming to the established language usage of educated native speakers

From this reading This is the first occasion on which the current belief that the tramp class is nowadays being recruited largely from the ranks of the minor clergy has received formal recognition.

recognitionnounUS /ˌrekəɡˈnɪʃən/

the state or quality of being recognized or acknowledged

From this reading This is the first occasion on which the current belief that the tramp class is nowadays being recruited largely from the ranks of the minor clergy has received formal recognition.

recruitedverbUS /rɪˈkruːtɪd/

past form of “recruit” — register formally as a participant or member

From this reading This is the first occasion on which the current belief that the tramp class is nowadays being recruited largely from the ranks of the minor clergy has received formal recognition.

regardsnounUS /rɪˈɡɑːrdz/

plural of “regard” — (usually preceded by “in”) a detail or point

From this reading * * * "Does the Government realise," asks a newspaper correspondent, "that as regards the situation in Ireland we are on the edge of a crater or with a thunderbolt over our heads?"

situationnounUS /ˌsɪtʃuːˈeɪʃən/

the general state of things; the combination of circumstances at a given time

From this reading * * * "Does the Government realise," asks a newspaper correspondent, "that as regards the situation in Ireland we are on the edge of a crater or with a thunderbolt over our heads?"

supplyverbUS /səˈplaɪ/

give something useful or necessary to

From this reading * * * Oswestry Guardians have accepted an offer to supply Bibles to tramps.

sureadjectiveUS /ʃʊr/

having or feeling no doubt or uncertainty; confident and assured

From this reading We rather imagine that the Government, like the writer, isn't quite sure which.

thatconjunctionUS /ðæt/

used to introduce what somebody said, thought, or felt

From this reading * * * "Does the Government realise," asks a newspaper correspondent, "that as regards the situation in Ireland we are on the edge of a crater or with a thunderbolt over our heads?"

thedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading Not even the miners, on the other hand, would dream of letting Mr. RAMSAY MACDONALD govern it.

ThisdeterminerUS /ðɪs/

used for a person or thing that is near, or that has just been mentioned

From this reading This is the first occasion on which the current belief that the tramp class is nowadays being recruited largely from the ranks of the minor clergy has received formal recognition.

thunderboltnounUS /ˈθʌndərbɔːlt/

a discharge of lightning accompanied by thunder

From this reading * * * "Does the Government realise," asks a newspaper correspondent, "that as regards the situation in Ireland we are on the edge of a crater or with a thunderbolt over our heads?"

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading * * * Oswestry Guardians have accepted an offer to supply Bibles to tramps.

trampnounUS /træmp/

a vagrant

From this reading This is the first occasion on which the current belief that the tramp class is nowadays being recruited largely from the ranks of the minor clergy has received formal recognition.

trampsnounUS /træmpz/

plural of “tramp” — a vagrant

From this reading * * * Oswestry Guardians have accepted an offer to supply Bibles to tramps.

wepronounUS /wiː/

the speaker together with one or more other people

From this reading * * * "Does the Government realise," asks a newspaper correspondent, "that as regards the situation in Ireland we are on the edge of a crater or with a thunderbolt over our heads?"

whichpronounUS /wɪtʃ/

used to introduce a clause giving more about a thing just mentioned

From this reading We rather imagine that the Government, like the writer, isn't quite sure which.

withprepositionUS /wɪð/

in the company of; together with

From this reading * * * "Does the Government realise," asks a newspaper correspondent, "that as regards the situation in Ireland we are on the edge of a crater or with a thunderbolt over our heads?"

wouldmodal verbUS /wʊd/

used for something imagined, polite, or habitual in the past

From this reading Not even the miners, on the other hand, would dream of letting Mr. RAMSAY MACDONALD govern it.

writernounUS /ˈraɪtər/

writes (books or stories or articles or the like) professionally (for pay)

From this reading We rather imagine that the Government, like the writer, isn't quite sure which.

Chapter 1 of Punch — Vol. 159, 1920-07-28 by Various holds 564 sentences, grouped into 113 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 1 of Punch — Vol. 159, 1920-07-28 contain?

Chapter 1 holds 564 sentences of Punch — Vol. 159, 1920-07-28, unabridged, divided into 113 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 1 of Punch — Vol. 159, 1920-07-28 by Various exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 564 sentences, grouped into 113 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 1 of Punch — Vol. 159, 1920-07-28?

Work through the 113 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 113 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 1 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 1 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading Punch — Vol. 159, 1920-07-28

Common questions about reading Punch — Vol. 159, 1920-07-28 by Various on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of Punch — Vol. 159, 1920-07-28?

Yes. All 564 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #16619 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of Punch — Vol. 159, 1920-07-28 is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #16619, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does Punch — Vol. 159, 1920-07-28 take to read?

About 47 minutes of reading across 113 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

How to read Punch — Vol. 159, 1920-07-28 section by section

How to work through Punch — Vol. 159, 1920-07-28 section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.

  1. Open a chapter

    Choose one of the 1 chapters of Punch — Vol. 159, 1920-07-28 to begin.

  2. Read one section

    Each section holds 5 sentences; read it once through.

  3. Listen and tap

    Play the section aloud, then tap any unfamiliar word for its entry.

Vocabulary met early in Punch — Vol. 159, 1920-07-28

Words and structures a reader meets early in Punch — Vol. 159, 1920-07-28, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Punch
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Punch — Vol. 159, 1920-07-28; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
London
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Punch — Vol. 159, 1920-07-28; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Charivari
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Punch — Vol. 159, 1920-07-28; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Charivaria
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Punch — Vol. 159, 1920-07-28; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.