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Punch — Volume 100, March 7, 1891
Punch — Volume 100, March 7, 1891

Chapter IV · Chapter 4

Chapter 4 of Punch — Volume 100, March 7, 1891 is here in full — 18 sentences across 4 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Cover illustration for Punch — Volume 100, March 7, 1891
Context Illustration Reading 1/3 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
Nay, this is truth, though heart-strings break, And youth with gloomy brows hears:-- Howe'er you try, you shall not make Silk purses out of sows' ears.
W. BRAUN, _Soul-tatters_.
In the present there is absolute redemption.
Though a gulf should yawn, go not you to sleep, but rub your eyes; be up and doing.--JAKES.
In the meantime, SONOGUN's cousin, ACIS ARRANT, generally known to his jocular intimates as Knave ARRANT, had been living in luxury with his cousin's weak mother, whom he had contrived to marry.
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LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

Punch — Volume 100, March 7, 1891

Chapter IV · Chapter 4

Chapter 4 of Punch — Volume 100, March 7, 1891 is here in full — 18 sentences across 4 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/3 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
Nay, this is truth, though heart-strings break, And youth with gloomy brows hears:-- Howe'er you try, you shall not make Silk purses out of sows' ears.
Line 2
W. BRAUN, _Soul-tatters_.
Line 3
In the present there is absolute redemption.
/ɪn ðə ˈprezənt ðer ɪz ˈæbsəluːt rɪˈdempʃən/
Line 4
Though a gulf should yawn, go not you to sleep, but rub your eyes; be up and doing.--JAKES.
Line 5
In the meantime, SONOGUN's cousin, ACIS ARRANT, generally known to his jocular intimates as Knave ARRANT, had been living in luxury with his cousin's weak mother, whom he had contrived to marry.

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

arrant adjective US /ˈærənt/

without qualification; used informally as (often pejorative) intensifiers

From this reading “In the meantime, SONOGUN's cousin, ACIS ARRANT, generally known to his jocular intimates as Knave ARRANT, had been living in luxury with his cousin's weak mother, whom he had contrived to marry.”

braun noun US /brɔːn/

the German mistress of Adolf Hitler (1910-1945)

From this reading “W. BRAUN, _Soul-tatters_.”

intimates noun US /ˈɪntəməts/

plural of “intimate” — someone to whom private matters are confided

From this reading “In the meantime, SONOGUN's cousin, ACIS ARRANT, generally known to his jocular intimates as Knave ARRANT, had been living in luxury with his cousin's weak mother, whom he had contrived to marry.”

jakes noun US /dʒeɪks/

a small outbuilding with a bench having holes through which a user can defecate

From this reading “Though a gulf should yawn, go not you to sleep, but rub your eyes; be up and doing.--JAKES.”

jocular adjective US /ˈdʒɑːkjələr/

characterized by jokes and good humor

From this reading “In the meantime, SONOGUN's cousin, ACIS ARRANT, generally known to his jocular intimates as Knave ARRANT, had been living in luxury with his cousin's weak mother, whom he had contrived to marry.”

purses noun US /ˈpɜːrsɪz/

plural of “purse” — a container used for carrying money and small personal items or accessories (especially by women)

From this reading “Nay, this is truth, though heart-strings break, And youth with gloomy brows hears:-- Howe'er you try, you shall not make Silk purses out of sows' ears.”

redemption noun US /rɪˈdempʃən/

(theology) the act of delivering from sin or saving from evil

From this reading “In the present there is absolute redemption.”

sows noun US /soʊz/

plural of “sow” — an adult female hog

From this reading “Nay, this is truth, though heart-strings break, And youth with gloomy brows hears:-- Howe'er you try, you shall not make Silk purses out of sows' ears.”

All words in this reading · 72

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading Though a gulf should yawn, go not you to sleep, but rub your eyes; be up and doing.--JAKES.

absoluteadjectiveUS /ˈæbsəluːt/

perfect or complete or pure

From this reading In the present there is absolute redemption.

ACIS

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading In the meantime, SONOGUN's cousin, ACIS ARRANT, generally known to his jocular intimates as Knave ARRANT, had been living in luxury with his cousin's weak mother, whom he had contrived to marry.

AndconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading Nay, this is truth, though heart-strings break, And youth with gloomy brows hears:-- Howe'er you try, you shall not make Silk purses out of sows' ears.

ARRANTadjectiveUS /ˈærənt/

without qualification; used informally as (often pejorative) intensifiers

From this reading In the meantime, SONOGUN's cousin, ACIS ARRANT, generally known to his jocular intimates as Knave ARRANT, had been living in luxury with his cousin's weak mother, whom he had contrived to marry.

asconjunctionUS /æz/

at the same time that; because; in the way that

From this reading In the meantime, SONOGUN's cousin, ACIS ARRANT, generally known to his jocular intimates as Knave ARRANT, had been living in luxury with his cousin's weak mother, whom he had contrived to marry.

beauxiliary verbUS /biː/

used with a past participle to form the passive, or with -ing for continuous tenses

From this reading Though a gulf should yawn, go not you to sleep, but rub your eyes; be up and doing.--JAKES.

beenauxiliary verbUS /bɪn/

the past participle of “be”

From this reading In the meantime, SONOGUN's cousin, ACIS ARRANT, generally known to his jocular intimates as Knave ARRANT, had been living in luxury with his cousin's weak mother, whom he had contrived to marry.

BRAUNnounUS /brɔːn/

the German mistress of Adolf Hitler (1910-1945)

From this reading W. BRAUN, _Soul-tatters_.

breakverbUS /breɪk/

terminate

From this reading Nay, this is truth, though heart-strings break, And youth with gloomy brows hears:-- Howe'er you try, you shall not make Silk purses out of sows' ears.

browsnounUS /braʊz/

plural of “brow” — the part of the face above the eyes

From this reading Nay, this is truth, though heart-strings break, And youth with gloomy brows hears:-- Howe'er you try, you shall not make Silk purses out of sows' ears.

butconjunctionUS /bʌt/

used to introduce something that contrasts with what came before

From this reading Though a gulf should yawn, go not you to sleep, but rub your eyes; be up and doing.--JAKES.

contrivedadjectiveUS /kənˈtraɪvd/

showing effects of planning or manipulation

From this reading In the meantime, SONOGUN's cousin, ACIS ARRANT, generally known to his jocular intimates as Knave ARRANT, had been living in luxury with his cousin's weak mother, whom he had contrived to marry.

cousinnounUS /ˈkʌzən/

the child of your aunt or uncle

From this reading In the meantime, SONOGUN's cousin, ACIS ARRANT, generally known to his jocular intimates as Knave ARRANT, had been living in luxury with his cousin's weak mother, whom he had contrived to marry.

cousin'snounUS /ˈkʌzənz/

possessive form of “cousin” — the child of your aunt or uncle

From this reading In the meantime, SONOGUN's cousin, ACIS ARRANT, generally known to his jocular intimates as Knave ARRANT, had been living in luxury with his cousin's weak mother, whom he had contrived to marry.

doingverbUS /ˈduːɪŋ/

-ing form of “do” — engage in

From this reading Though a gulf should yawn, go not you to sleep, but rub your eyes; be up and doing.--JAKES.

earsnounUS /ɪrz/

plural of “ear” — the sense organ for hearing and equilibrium

From this reading Nay, this is truth, though heart-strings break, And youth with gloomy brows hears:-- Howe'er you try, you shall not make Silk purses out of sows' ears.

eyesnounUS /aɪz/

opinion or judgment

From this reading Though a gulf should yawn, go not you to sleep, but rub your eyes; be up and doing.--JAKES.

generallyadverbUS /ˈdʒenərəli/

usually; as a rule

From this reading In the meantime, SONOGUN's cousin, ACIS ARRANT, generally known to his jocular intimates as Knave ARRANT, had been living in luxury with his cousin's weak mother, whom he had contrived to marry.

gloomyadjectiveUS /ˈɡluːmi/

depressingly dark

From this reading Nay, this is truth, though heart-strings break, And youth with gloomy brows hears:-- Howe'er you try, you shall not make Silk purses out of sows' ears.

goverbUS /ɡoʊ/

change location; move, travel, or proceed, also metaphorically

From this reading Though a gulf should yawn, go not you to sleep, but rub your eyes; be up and doing.--JAKES.

gulfnounUS /ɡʌlf/

an arm of a sea or ocean partly enclosed by land; larger than a bay

From this reading Though a gulf should yawn, go not you to sleep, but rub your eyes; be up and doing.--JAKES.

hadauxiliary verbUS /hæd/

the past form of “have”, used to form the past perfect

From this reading In the meantime, SONOGUN's cousin, ACIS ARRANT, generally known to his jocular intimates as Knave ARRANT, had been living in luxury with his cousin's weak mother, whom he had contrived to marry.

hepronounUS /hiː/

a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading In the meantime, SONOGUN's cousin, ACIS ARRANT, generally known to his jocular intimates as Knave ARRANT, had been living in luxury with his cousin's weak mother, whom he had contrived to marry.

hearsverbUS /hiːrz/

third-person singular of “hear” — perceive (sound) via the auditory sense

From this reading Nay, this is truth, though heart-strings break, And youth with gloomy brows hears:-- Howe'er you try, you shall not make Silk purses out of sows' ears.

heart-strings

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Nay, this is truth, though heart-strings break, And youth with gloomy brows hears:-- Howe'er you try, you shall not make Silk purses out of sows' ears.

hisdeterminerUS /hɪz/

belonging to a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned

From this reading In the meantime, SONOGUN's cousin, ACIS ARRANT, generally known to his jocular intimates as Knave ARRANT, had been living in luxury with his cousin's weak mother, whom he had contrived to marry.

Howe'er

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Nay, this is truth, though heart-strings break, And youth with gloomy brows hears:-- Howe'er you try, you shall not make Silk purses out of sows' ears.

InprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading In the present there is absolute redemption.

intimatesnounUS /ˈɪntəməts/

plural of “intimate” — someone to whom private matters are confided

From this reading In the meantime, SONOGUN's cousin, ACIS ARRANT, generally known to his jocular intimates as Knave ARRANT, had been living in luxury with his cousin's weak mother, whom he had contrived to marry.

isauxiliary verbUS /ɪz/

the form of “be” used with he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading Nay, this is truth, though heart-strings break, And youth with gloomy brows hears:-- Howe'er you try, you shall not make Silk purses out of sows' ears.

JAKESnounUS /dʒeɪks/

a small outbuilding with a bench having holes through which a user can defecate

From this reading Though a gulf should yawn, go not you to sleep, but rub your eyes; be up and doing.--JAKES.

jocularadjectiveUS /ˈdʒɑːkjələr/

characterized by jokes and good humor

From this reading In the meantime, SONOGUN's cousin, ACIS ARRANT, generally known to his jocular intimates as Knave ARRANT, had been living in luxury with his cousin's weak mother, whom he had contrived to marry.

KnavenounUS /neɪv/

a deceitful and unreliable scoundrel

From this reading In the meantime, SONOGUN's cousin, ACIS ARRANT, generally known to his jocular intimates as Knave ARRANT, had been living in luxury with his cousin's weak mother, whom he had contrived to marry.

knownadjectiveUS /noʊn/

apprehended with certainty

From this reading In the meantime, SONOGUN's cousin, ACIS ARRANT, generally known to his jocular intimates as Knave ARRANT, had been living in luxury with his cousin's weak mother, whom he had contrived to marry.

livingnounUS /ˈlɪvɪŋ/

the experience of being alive; the course of human events and activities

From this reading In the meantime, SONOGUN's cousin, ACIS ARRANT, generally known to his jocular intimates as Knave ARRANT, had been living in luxury with his cousin's weak mother, whom he had contrived to marry.

luxurynounUS /ˈlʌɡʒəri/

something that is an indulgence rather than a necessity

From this reading In the meantime, SONOGUN's cousin, ACIS ARRANT, generally known to his jocular intimates as Knave ARRANT, had been living in luxury with his cousin's weak mother, whom he had contrived to marry.

makeverbUS /meɪk/

engage in

From this reading Nay, this is truth, though heart-strings break, And youth with gloomy brows hears:-- Howe'er you try, you shall not make Silk purses out of sows' ears.

marryverbUS /ˈmeri/

take in marriage

From this reading In the meantime, SONOGUN's cousin, ACIS ARRANT, generally known to his jocular intimates as Knave ARRANT, had been living in luxury with his cousin's weak mother, whom he had contrived to marry.

meantimenounUS /ˈmiːntaɪm/

the time between one event, process, or period and another

From this reading In the meantime, SONOGUN's cousin, ACIS ARRANT, generally known to his jocular intimates as Knave ARRANT, had been living in luxury with his cousin's weak mother, whom he had contrived to marry.

mothernounUS /ˈmʌðər/

a woman who has given birth to a child (also used as a term of address to your mother)

From this reading In the meantime, SONOGUN's cousin, ACIS ARRANT, generally known to his jocular intimates as Knave ARRANT, had been living in luxury with his cousin's weak mother, whom he had contrived to marry.

NayexclamationUS /neɪ/

an old word for “no”

From this reading Nay, this is truth, though heart-strings break, And youth with gloomy brows hears:-- Howe'er you try, you shall not make Silk purses out of sows' ears.

notadverbUS /nɑːt/

used to make a word, phrase, or sentence negative

From this reading Nay, this is truth, though heart-strings break, And youth with gloomy brows hears:-- Howe'er you try, you shall not make Silk purses out of sows' ears.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading Nay, this is truth, though heart-strings break, And youth with gloomy brows hears:-- Howe'er you try, you shall not make Silk purses out of sows' ears.

outadjectiveUS /aʊt/

not allowed to continue to bat or run

From this reading Nay, this is truth, though heart-strings break, And youth with gloomy brows hears:-- Howe'er you try, you shall not make Silk purses out of sows' ears.

presentverbUS /ˈprezənt/

give an exhibition of to an interested audience

From this reading In the present there is absolute redemption.

pursesnounUS /ˈpɜːrsɪz/

plural of “purse” — a container used for carrying money and small personal items or accessories (especially by women)

From this reading Nay, this is truth, though heart-strings break, And youth with gloomy brows hears:-- Howe'er you try, you shall not make Silk purses out of sows' ears.

redemptionnounUS /rɪˈdempʃən/

(theology) the act of delivering from sin or saving from evil

From this reading In the present there is absolute redemption.

rubverbUS /rʌb/

move over something with pressure

From this reading Though a gulf should yawn, go not you to sleep, but rub your eyes; be up and doing.--JAKES.

shallmodal verbUS /ʃæl/

used with I and we for the future, or to offer and suggest

From this reading Nay, this is truth, though heart-strings break, And youth with gloomy brows hears:-- Howe'er you try, you shall not make Silk purses out of sows' ears.

shouldmodal verbUS /ʃʊd/

used to say what is right, expected, or advisable

From this reading Though a gulf should yawn, go not you to sleep, but rub your eyes; be up and doing.--JAKES.

SilknounUS /sɪlk/

a fabric made from the fine threads produced by certain insect larvae

From this reading Nay, this is truth, though heart-strings break, And youth with gloomy brows hears:-- Howe'er you try, you shall not make Silk purses out of sows' ears.

sleepnounUS /sliːp/

a natural and periodic state of rest during which consciousness of the world is suspended

From this reading Though a gulf should yawn, go not you to sleep, but rub your eyes; be up and doing.--JAKES.

SONOGUN's

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading In the meantime, SONOGUN's cousin, ACIS ARRANT, generally known to his jocular intimates as Knave ARRANT, had been living in luxury with his cousin's weak mother, whom he had contrived to marry.

Soul-tatters

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading W. BRAUN, _Soul-tatters_.

sowsnounUS /soʊz/

plural of “sow” — an adult female hog

From this reading Nay, this is truth, though heart-strings break, And youth with gloomy brows hears:-- Howe'er you try, you shall not make Silk purses out of sows' ears.

thedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading In the present there is absolute redemption.

thereadverbUS /ðer/

in or at that place or location

From this reading In the present there is absolute redemption.

thisdeterminerUS /ðɪs/

used for a person or thing that is near, or that has just been mentioned

From this reading Nay, this is truth, though heart-strings break, And youth with gloomy brows hears:-- Howe'er you try, you shall not make Silk purses out of sows' ears.

thoughconjunctionUS /ðoʊ/

in spite of the fact that

From this reading Nay, this is truth, though heart-strings break, And youth with gloomy brows hears:-- Howe'er you try, you shall not make Silk purses out of sows' ears.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading Though a gulf should yawn, go not you to sleep, but rub your eyes; be up and doing.--JAKES.

truthnounUS /truːθ/

a fact that has been verified

From this reading Nay, this is truth, though heart-strings break, And youth with gloomy brows hears:-- Howe'er you try, you shall not make Silk purses out of sows' ears.

tryverbUS /traɪ/

make an effort or attempt

From this reading Nay, this is truth, though heart-strings break, And youth with gloomy brows hears:-- Howe'er you try, you shall not make Silk purses out of sows' ears.

upadjectiveUS /ʌp/

being or moving higher in position or greater in some value; being above a former position or level

From this reading Though a gulf should yawn, go not you to sleep, but rub your eyes; be up and doing.--JAKES.

WnounUS /ˈdʌbəljuː/

a heavy grey-white metallic element; the pure form is used mainly in electrical applications; it is found in several ores including wolframite and scheelite

From this reading W. BRAUN, _Soul-tatters_.

weakadjectiveUS /wiːk/

wanting in physical strength

From this reading In the meantime, SONOGUN's cousin, ACIS ARRANT, generally known to his jocular intimates as Knave ARRANT, had been living in luxury with his cousin's weak mother, whom he had contrived to marry.

whompronounUS /huːm/

the form of “who” used as the object of a verb or preposition

From this reading In the meantime, SONOGUN's cousin, ACIS ARRANT, generally known to his jocular intimates as Knave ARRANT, had been living in luxury with his cousin's weak mother, whom he had contrived to marry.

withprepositionUS /wɪð/

in the company of; together with

From this reading Nay, this is truth, though heart-strings break, And youth with gloomy brows hears:-- Howe'er you try, you shall not make Silk purses out of sows' ears.

yawnverbUS /jɔːn/

utter a yawn, as from lack of oxygen or when one is tired

From this reading Though a gulf should yawn, go not you to sleep, but rub your eyes; be up and doing.--JAKES.

youpronounUS /juː/

the person or people being spoken to

From this reading Nay, this is truth, though heart-strings break, And youth with gloomy brows hears:-- Howe'er you try, you shall not make Silk purses out of sows' ears.

yourdeterminerUS /jɔːr/

belonging to the person or people being spoken to

From this reading Though a gulf should yawn, go not you to sleep, but rub your eyes; be up and doing.--JAKES.

youthnounUS /juːθ/

a young person (especially a young man or boy)

From this reading Nay, this is truth, though heart-strings break, And youth with gloomy brows hears:-- Howe'er you try, you shall not make Silk purses out of sows' ears.

Chapter 4 of Punch — Volume 100, March 7, 1891 by Various holds 18 sentences, grouped into 4 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 4 of Punch — Volume 100, March 7, 1891 contain?

Chapter 4 holds 18 sentences of Punch — Volume 100, March 7, 1891, unabridged, divided into 4 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 4 of Punch — Volume 100, March 7, 1891 by Various exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 18 sentences, grouped into 4 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 4 of Punch — Volume 100, March 7, 1891?

Work through the 4 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 4 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 4 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 4 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading Punch — Volume 100, March 7, 1891

Common questions about reading Punch — Volume 100, March 7, 1891 by Various on this page, its source edition and its audio.

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Project Gutenberg eBook #?, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

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About 5 minutes of reading across 0 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

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How to work through Punch — Volume 100, March 7, 1891 section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.

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Vocabulary met early in Punch — Volume 100, March 7, 1891

Words and structures a reader meets early in Punch — Volume 100, March 7, 1891, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Chapter 1
One of the 0 chapters of Punch — Volume 100, March 7, 1891, divided into 5-sentence reading sections.
Chapter 2
One of the 0 chapters of Punch — Volume 100, March 7, 1891, divided into 5-sentence reading sections.
Chapter 3
One of the 0 chapters of Punch — Volume 100, March 7, 1891, divided into 5-sentence reading sections.