Chapter IV

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The second serious meal of the day, the coena[82] or supper had begun; the party had betaken themselves to the cavaedium,[83] where it was now beginning to grow dusk.

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The second serious meal of the day, the coena[82] or supper had begun; the party had betaken themselves to the cavaedium,[83] where it was now beginning to grow dusk.

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading Twelve statues of bronze gilt served to hold lamps, and a fountain tossed its sparkling jet as high as the tallest trees.

from one side of something to the other

From this reading For some time the party sat chatting in the dusk; then two slaves came in with torches and lighted the lamps of the twelve statues; two others lighted up the arcades so that the painted walls and their purplish backgrounds were visible far across the court-yard.

open to or abounding in fresh air

From this reading This airy colonnade--the handsomest portion perhaps, of an old Roman house--was here very pleasingly decorated with flowers and plants of ornamental foliage.

the form of “a” used before a word that begins with a vowel sound

From this reading This airy colonnade--the handsomest portion perhaps, of an old Roman house--was here very pleasingly decorated with flowers and plants of ornamental foliage.

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading This airy colonnade--the handsomest portion perhaps, of an old Roman house--was here very pleasingly decorated with flowers and plants of ornamental foliage.

plural of “arcade” — a covered passageway with shops and stalls on either side

From this reading The arcades, which surrounded the open space in the middle, were green with ivy, while an emerald grass-plot, with cypresses and laurels, magnolias in full bloom, pomegranates and roses, filled up half the quadrangle.

at the same time that; because; in the way that

From this reading Twelve statues of bronze gilt served to hold lamps, and a fountain tossed its sparkling jet as high as the tallest trees.

plural of “background” — a person's social heritage: previous experience or training

From this reading For some time the party sat chatting in the dusk; then two slaves came in with torches and lighted the lamps of the twelve statues; two others lighted up the arcades so that the painted walls and their purplish backgrounds were visible far across the court-yard.

the event consisting of the start of something

From this reading The second serious meal of the day, the coena[82] or supper had begun; the party had betaken themselves to the cavaedium,[83] where it was now beginning to grow dusk.

inflected form of “begin” — take the first step or steps in carrying out an action

From this reading The second serious meal of the day, the coena[82] or supper had begun; the party had betaken themselves to the cavaedium,[83] where it was now beginning to grow dusk.

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The second serious meal of the day, the coena[82] or supper had begun; the party had betaken themselves to the cavaedium,[83] where it was now beginning to grow dusk.

the organic process of bearing flowers

From this reading The arcades, which surrounded the open space in the middle, were green with ivy, while an emerald grass-plot, with cypresses and laurels, magnolias in full bloom, pomegranates and roses, filled up half the quadrangle.

an alloy of copper and tin and sometimes other elements; also any copper-base alloy containing other elements in place of tin

From this reading Twelve statues of bronze gilt served to hold lamps, and a fountain tossed its sparkling jet as high as the tallest trees.

inflected form of “come” — move toward, travel toward something or somebody or approach something or somebody

From this reading For some time the party sat chatting in the dusk; then two slaves came in with torches and lighted the lamps of the twelve statues; two others lighted up the arcades so that the painted walls and their purplish backgrounds were visible far across the court-yard.

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The second serious meal of the day, the coena[82] or supper had begun; the party had betaken themselves to the cavaedium,[83] where it was now beginning to grow dusk.

inflected form of “chat” — talk socially without exchanging too much information

From this reading For some time the party sat chatting in the dusk; then two slaves came in with torches and lighted the lamps of the twelve statues; two others lighted up the arcades so that the painted walls and their purplish backgrounds were visible far across the court-yard.

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The second serious meal of the day, the coena[82] or supper had begun; the party had betaken themselves to the cavaedium,[83] where it was now beginning to grow dusk.

structure consisting of a row of evenly spaced columns

From this reading This airy colonnade--the handsomest portion perhaps, of an old Roman house--was here very pleasingly decorated with flowers and plants of ornamental foliage.

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading For some time the party sat chatting in the dusk; then two slaves came in with torches and lighted the lamps of the twelve statues; two others lighted up the arcades so that the painted walls and their purplish backgrounds were visible far across the court-yard.

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The arcades, which surrounded the open space in the middle, were green with ivy, while an emerald grass-plot, with cypresses and laurels, magnolias in full bloom, pomegranates and roses, filled up half the quadrangle.

time for Earth to make a complete rotation on its axis

From this reading The second serious meal of the day, the coena[82] or supper had begun; the party had betaken themselves to the cavaedium,[83] where it was now beginning to grow dusk.

provided with something intended to increase its beauty or distinction

From this reading This airy colonnade--the handsomest portion perhaps, of an old Roman house--was here very pleasingly decorated with flowers and plants of ornamental foliage.

the time of day immediately following sunset

From this reading The second serious meal of the day, the coena[82] or supper had begun; the party had betaken themselves to the cavaedium,[83] where it was now beginning to grow dusk.

a green transparent form of beryl; highly valued as a gemstone

From this reading The arcades, which surrounded the open space in the middle, were green with ivy, while an emerald grass-plot, with cypresses and laurels, magnolias in full bloom, pomegranates and roses, filled up half the quadrangle.

to a considerable degree; very much

From this reading For some time the party sat chatting in the dusk; then two slaves came in with torches and lighted the lamps of the twelve statues; two others lighted up the arcades so that the painted walls and their purplish backgrounds were visible far across the court-yard.

(usually followed by “with” or used as a combining form) generously supplied with

From this reading The arcades, which surrounded the open space in the middle, were green with ivy, while an emerald grass-plot, with cypresses and laurels, magnolias in full bloom, pomegranates and roses, filled up half the quadrangle.

plural of “flower” — a plant cultivated for its blooms or blossoms

From this reading This airy colonnade--the handsomest portion perhaps, of an old Roman house--was here very pleasingly decorated with flowers and plants of ornamental foliage.

the main organ of photosynthesis and transpiration in higher plants

From this reading This airy colonnade--the handsomest portion perhaps, of an old Roman house--was here very pleasingly decorated with flowers and plants of ornamental foliage.

intended to be given to, or used by, somebody

From this reading For some time the party sat chatting in the dusk; then two slaves came in with torches and lighted the lamps of the twelve statues; two others lighted up the arcades so that the painted walls and their purplish backgrounds were visible far across the court-yard.

a structure from which an artificially produced jet of water arises

From this reading Twelve statues of bronze gilt served to hold lamps, and a fountain tossed its sparkling jet as high as the tallest trees.

containing as much or as many as is possible or normal

From this reading The arcades, which surrounded the open space in the middle, were green with ivy, while an emerald grass-plot, with cypresses and laurels, magnolias in full bloom, pomegranates and roses, filled up half the quadrangle.

having the deep slightly brownish color of gold

From this reading Twelve statues of bronze gilt served to hold lamps, and a fountain tossed its sparkling jet as high as the tallest trees.

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The arcades, which surrounded the open space in the middle, were green with ivy, while an emerald grass-plot, with cypresses and laurels, magnolias in full bloom, pomegranates and roses, filled up half the quadrangle.

green color or pigment; resembling the color of growing grass

From this reading The arcades, which surrounded the open space in the middle, were green with ivy, while an emerald grass-plot, with cypresses and laurels, magnolias in full bloom, pomegranates and roses, filled up half the quadrangle.

pass into a condition gradually, take on a specific property or attribute; become

From this reading The second serious meal of the day, the coena[82] or supper had begun; the party had betaken themselves to the cavaedium,[83] where it was now beginning to grow dusk.

the past form of “have”, used to form the past perfect

From this reading The second serious meal of the day, the coena[82] or supper had begun; the party had betaken themselves to the cavaedium,[83] where it was now beginning to grow dusk.

consisting of one of two equivalent parts in value or quantity

From this reading The arcades, which surrounded the open space in the middle, were green with ivy, while an emerald grass-plot, with cypresses and laurels, magnolias in full bloom, pomegranates and roses, filled up half the quadrangle.

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading This airy colonnade--the handsomest portion perhaps, of an old Roman house--was here very pleasingly decorated with flowers and plants of ornamental foliage.

in or at this place; where the speaker or writer is

From this reading This airy colonnade--the handsomest portion perhaps, of an old Roman house--was here very pleasingly decorated with flowers and plants of ornamental foliage.

greater than normal in degree or intensity or amount

From this reading Twelve statues of bronze gilt served to hold lamps, and a fountain tossed its sparkling jet as high as the tallest trees.

cause to continue in a certain state, position, or activity; e.g., “keep clean”

From this reading Twelve statues of bronze gilt served to hold lamps, and a fountain tossed its sparkling jet as high as the tallest trees.

a dwelling that serves as living quarters for one or more families

From this reading This airy colonnade--the handsomest portion perhaps, of an old Roman house--was here very pleasingly decorated with flowers and plants of ornamental foliage.

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading The arcades, which surrounded the open space in the middle, were green with ivy, while an emerald grass-plot, with cypresses and laurels, magnolias in full bloom, pomegranates and roses, filled up half the quadrangle.

a thing, animal, or idea already mentioned

From this reading The second serious meal of the day, the coena[82] or supper had begun; the party had betaken themselves to the cavaedium,[83] where it was now beginning to grow dusk.

belonging to the thing or animal already mentioned

From this reading Twelve statues of bronze gilt served to hold lamps, and a fountain tossed its sparkling jet as high as the tallest trees.

Old World vine with lobed evergreen leaves and black berrylike fruits

From this reading The arcades, which surrounded the open space in the middle, were green with ivy, while an emerald grass-plot, with cypresses and laurels, magnolias in full bloom, pomegranates and roses, filled up half the quadrangle.

an airplane powered by one or more jet engines

From this reading Twelve statues of bronze gilt served to hold lamps, and a fountain tossed its sparkling jet as high as the tallest trees.

plural of “lamp” — an artificial source of visible illumination

From this reading Twelve statues of bronze gilt served to hold lamps, and a fountain tossed its sparkling jet as high as the tallest trees.

a tangible symbol signifying approval or distinction

From this reading The arcades, which surrounded the open space in the middle, were green with ivy, while an emerald grass-plot, with cypresses and laurels, magnolias in full bloom, pomegranates and roses, filled up half the quadrangle.

set afire or burning

From this reading For some time the party sat chatting in the dusk; then two slaves came in with torches and lighted the lamps of the twelve statues; two others lighted up the arcades so that the painted walls and their purplish backgrounds were visible far across the court-yard.

plural of “magnolia” — dried bark of various magnolias; used in folk medicine

From this reading The arcades, which surrounded the open space in the middle, were green with ivy, while an emerald grass-plot, with cypresses and laurels, magnolias in full bloom, pomegranates and roses, filled up half the quadrangle.

the food served and eaten at one time

From this reading The second serious meal of the day, the coena[82] or supper had begun; the party had betaken themselves to the cavaedium,[83] where it was now beginning to grow dusk.

an area that is approximately central within some larger region

From this reading The arcades, which surrounded the open space in the middle, were green with ivy, while an emerald grass-plot, with cypresses and laurels, magnolias in full bloom, pomegranates and roses, filled up half the quadrangle.

in the historical present; at this point in the narration of a series of past events

From this reading The second serious meal of the day, the coena[82] or supper had begun; the party had betaken themselves to the cavaedium,[83] where it was now beginning to grow dusk.

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading The second serious meal of the day, the coena[82] or supper had begun; the party had betaken themselves to the cavaedium,[83] where it was now beginning to grow dusk.

(used especially of persons) having lived for a relatively long time or attained a specific age

From this reading This airy colonnade--the handsomest portion perhaps, of an old Roman house--was here very pleasingly decorated with flowers and plants of ornamental foliage.

To move from a closed position.

From this reading The arcades, which surrounded the open space in the middle, were green with ivy, while an emerald grass-plot, with cypresses and laurels, magnolias in full bloom, pomegranates and roses, filled up half the quadrangle.

used to join alternatives or possibilities

From this reading The second serious meal of the day, the coena[82] or supper had begun; the party had betaken themselves to the cavaedium,[83] where it was now beginning to grow dusk.

any plant grown for its beauty or ornamental value

From this reading This airy colonnade--the handsomest portion perhaps, of an old Roman house--was here very pleasingly decorated with flowers and plants of ornamental foliage.

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading For some time the party sat chatting in the dusk; then two slaves came in with torches and lighted the lamps of the twelve statues; two others lighted up the arcades so that the painted walls and their purplish backgrounds were visible far across the court-yard.

coated with paint

From this reading For some time the party sat chatting in the dusk; then two slaves came in with torches and lighted the lamps of the twelve statues; two others lighted up the arcades so that the painted walls and their purplish backgrounds were visible far across the court-yard.

an organization to gain political power

From this reading The second serious meal of the day, the coena[82] or supper had begun; the party had betaken themselves to the cavaedium,[83] where it was now beginning to grow dusk.

by chance

From this reading This airy colonnade--the handsomest portion perhaps, of an old Roman house--was here very pleasingly decorated with flowers and plants of ornamental foliage.

plural of “plant” — buildings for carrying on industrial labor

From this reading This airy colonnade--the handsomest portion perhaps, of an old Roman house--was here very pleasingly decorated with flowers and plants of ornamental foliage.

in a pleasing manner

From this reading This airy colonnade--the handsomest portion perhaps, of an old Roman house--was here very pleasingly decorated with flowers and plants of ornamental foliage.

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The arcades, which surrounded the open space in the middle, were green with ivy, while an emerald grass-plot, with cypresses and laurels, magnolias in full bloom, pomegranates and roses, filled up half the quadrangle.

something determined in relation to something that includes it

From this reading This airy colonnade--the handsomest portion perhaps, of an old Roman house--was here very pleasingly decorated with flowers and plants of ornamental foliage.

of a color intermediate between red and blue

From this reading For some time the party sat chatting in the dusk; then two slaves came in with torches and lighted the lamps of the twelve statues; two others lighted up the arcades so that the painted walls and their purplish backgrounds were visible far across the court-yard.

a four-sided polygon

From this reading The arcades, which surrounded the open space in the middle, were green with ivy, while an emerald grass-plot, with cypresses and laurels, magnolias in full bloom, pomegranates and roses, filled up half the quadrangle.

relating to or characteristic of people of Rome

From this reading This airy colonnade--the handsomest portion perhaps, of an old Roman house--was here very pleasingly decorated with flowers and plants of ornamental foliage.

plural of “rose” — any of many shrubs of the genus Rosa that bear roses

From this reading The arcades, which surrounded the open space in the middle, were green with ivy, while an emerald grass-plot, with cypresses and laurels, magnolias in full bloom, pomegranates and roses, filled up half the quadrangle.

the seventh and last day of the week; observed as the Sabbath by Jews and some Christians

From this reading For some time the party sat chatting in the dusk; then two slaves came in with torches and lighted the lamps of the twelve statues; two others lighted up the arcades so that the painted walls and their purplish backgrounds were visible far across the court-yard.

1/60 of a minute; the basic unit of time adopted under the Systeme International d'Unites

From this reading The second serious meal of the day, the coena[82] or supper had begun; the party had betaken themselves to the cavaedium,[83] where it was now beginning to grow dusk.

concerned with work or important matters rather than play or trivialities

From this reading The second serious meal of the day, the coena[82] or supper had begun; the party had betaken themselves to the cavaedium,[83] where it was now beginning to grow dusk.

past form of “serve” — serve a purpose, role, or function

From this reading Twelve statues of bronze gilt served to hold lamps, and a fountain tossed its sparkling jet as high as the tallest trees.

plural of “slave” — a person who is owned by someone

From this reading For some time the party sat chatting in the dusk; then two slaves came in with torches and lighted the lamps of the twelve statues; two others lighted up the arcades so that the painted walls and their purplish backgrounds were visible far across the court-yard.

for that reason; with the result that

From this reading For some time the party sat chatting in the dusk; then two slaves came in with torches and lighted the lamps of the twelve statues; two others lighted up the arcades so that the painted walls and their purplish backgrounds were visible far across the court-yard.

(quantifier) used with either mass nouns or plural count nouns to indicate an unspecified number or quantity

From this reading For some time the party sat chatting in the dusk; then two slaves came in with torches and lighted the lamps of the twelve statues; two others lighted up the arcades so that the painted walls and their purplish backgrounds were visible far across the court-yard.

the unlimited expanse in which everything is located

From this reading The arcades, which surrounded the open space in the middle, were green with ivy, while an emerald grass-plot, with cypresses and laurels, magnolias in full bloom, pomegranates and roses, filled up half the quadrangle.

shining with brilliant points of light like stars

From this reading Twelve statues of bronze gilt served to hold lamps, and a fountain tossed its sparkling jet as high as the tallest trees.

plural of “statue” — a sculpture representing a human or animal

From this reading Twelve statues of bronze gilt served to hold lamps, and a fountain tossed its sparkling jet as high as the tallest trees.

a light evening meal; served in early evening if dinner is at midday or served late in the evening at bedtime

From this reading The second serious meal of the day, the coena[82] or supper had begun; the party had betaken themselves to the cavaedium,[83] where it was now beginning to grow dusk.

confined on all sides

From this reading The arcades, which surrounded the open space in the middle, were green with ivy, while an emerald grass-plot, with cypresses and laurels, magnolias in full bloom, pomegranates and roses, filled up half the quadrangle.

superlative of “tall” — great in vertical dimension; high in stature

From this reading Twelve statues of bronze gilt served to hold lamps, and a fountain tossed its sparkling jet as high as the tallest trees.

used to introduce what somebody said, thought, or felt

From this reading For some time the party sat chatting in the dusk; then two slaves came in with torches and lighted the lamps of the twelve statues; two others lighted up the arcades so that the painted walls and their purplish backgrounds were visible far across the court-yard.

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading The second serious meal of the day, the coena[82] or supper had begun; the party had betaken themselves to the cavaedium,[83] where it was now beginning to grow dusk.

belonging to the people or things already mentioned

From this reading For some time the party sat chatting in the dusk; then two slaves came in with torches and lighted the lamps of the twelve statues; two others lighted up the arcades so that the painted walls and their purplish backgrounds were visible far across the court-yard.

used when the people doing the action are also its object

From this reading The second serious meal of the day, the coena[82] or supper had begun; the party had betaken themselves to the cavaedium,[83] where it was now beginning to grow dusk.

subsequently or soon afterward (often used as sentence connectors)

From this reading For some time the party sat chatting in the dusk; then two slaves came in with torches and lighted the lamps of the twelve statues; two others lighted up the arcades so that the painted walls and their purplish backgrounds were visible far across the court-yard.

used for a person or thing that is near, or that has just been mentioned

From this reading This airy colonnade--the handsomest portion perhaps, of an old Roman house--was here very pleasingly decorated with flowers and plants of ornamental foliage.

an instance or single occasion for some event

From this reading For some time the party sat chatting in the dusk; then two slaves came in with torches and lighted the lamps of the twelve statues; two others lighted up the arcades so that the painted walls and their purplish backgrounds were visible far across the court-yard.

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading The second serious meal of the day, the coena[82] or supper had begun; the party had betaken themselves to the cavaedium,[83] where it was now beginning to grow dusk.

plural of “torch” — a light usually carried in the hand; consists of some flammable substance

From this reading For some time the party sat chatting in the dusk; then two slaves came in with torches and lighted the lamps of the twelve statues; two others lighted up the arcades so that the painted walls and their purplish backgrounds were visible far across the court-yard.

past form of “toss” — throw or toss with a light motion

From this reading Twelve statues of bronze gilt served to hold lamps, and a fountain tossed its sparkling jet as high as the tallest trees.

plural of “tree” — a tall perennial woody plant having a main trunk and branches forming a distinct elevated crown; includes both gymnosperms and angiosperms

From this reading Twelve statues of bronze gilt served to hold lamps, and a fountain tossed its sparkling jet as high as the tallest trees.

the cardinal number that is the sum of eleven and one

From this reading Twelve statues of bronze gilt served to hold lamps, and a fountain tossed its sparkling jet as high as the tallest trees.

the cardinal number that is the sum of one and one or a numeral representing this number

From this reading For some time the party sat chatting in the dusk; then two slaves came in with torches and lighted the lamps of the twelve statues; two others lighted up the arcades so that the painted walls and their purplish backgrounds were visible far across the court-yard.

being or moving higher in position or greater in some value; being above a former position or level

From this reading The arcades, which surrounded the open space in the middle, were green with ivy, while an emerald grass-plot, with cypresses and laurels, magnolias in full bloom, pomegranates and roses, filled up half the quadrangle.

precisely as stated

From this reading This airy colonnade--the handsomest portion perhaps, of an old Roman house--was here very pleasingly decorated with flowers and plants of ornamental foliage.

capable of being seen; or open to easy view

From this reading For some time the party sat chatting in the dusk; then two slaves came in with torches and lighted the lamps of the twelve statues; two others lighted up the arcades so that the painted walls and their purplish backgrounds were visible far across the court-yard.

plural of “wall” — an architectural partition with a height and length greater than its thickness; used to divide or enclose an area or to support another structure

From this reading For some time the party sat chatting in the dusk; then two slaves came in with torches and lighted the lamps of the twelve statues; two others lighted up the arcades so that the painted walls and their purplish backgrounds were visible far across the court-yard.

the past form of “be” used with I, he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading The second serious meal of the day, the coena[82] or supper had begun; the party had betaken themselves to the cavaedium,[83] where it was now beginning to grow dusk.

the past form of “be” used with you, we, they, or a plural noun

From this reading The arcades, which surrounded the open space in the middle, were green with ivy, while an emerald grass-plot, with cypresses and laurels, magnolias in full bloom, pomegranates and roses, filled up half the quadrangle.

in or at the place that

From this reading The second serious meal of the day, the coena[82] or supper had begun; the party had betaken themselves to the cavaedium,[83] where it was now beginning to grow dusk.

used to introduce a clause giving more about a thing just mentioned

From this reading The arcades, which surrounded the open space in the middle, were green with ivy, while an emerald grass-plot, with cypresses and laurels, magnolias in full bloom, pomegranates and roses, filled up half the quadrangle.

during the time that

From this reading The arcades, which surrounded the open space in the middle, were green with ivy, while an emerald grass-plot, with cypresses and laurels, magnolias in full bloom, pomegranates and roses, filled up half the quadrangle.

in the company of; together with

From this reading This airy colonnade--the handsomest portion perhaps, of an old Roman house--was here very pleasingly decorated with flowers and plants of ornamental foliage.