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Raftmates: A Story of the Great River
Raftmates: A Story of the Great River

Chapter XIX · Chapter 19

Chapter 19 of Raftmates: A Story of the Great River is here in full — 96 sentences across 20 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Cover illustration for Raftmates: A Story of the Great River
Context Illustration Reading 1/19 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
BIM GROWLS.
During the following day, while these letters were on their way to the little Iowa town in which the principal actors in this story were playing at such cross-purposes, active preparations were being made on board the _Whatnot_ for the first exhibition of its panorama.
In those days the panorama filled the place now taken by the stereopticon; and though its crude pictures lacked the photographic truth of lantern slides, they were by no means devoid of interest.
In fact, their gorgeousness of color, and the vagueness of detail that allowed each to represent several scenes, according to the pleasure of the lecturer, rendered them quite as popular, if not so instructive, as their modern successors.
The success of a panorama, however, depended largely upon the person who explained its pictures.
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LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

Raftmates: A Story of the Great River

Chapter XIX · Chapter 19

Chapter 19 of Raftmates: A Story of the Great River is here in full — 96 sentences across 20 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/19 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
BIM GROWLS.
Line 2
During the following day, while these letters were on their way to the little Iowa town in which the principal actors in this story were playing at such cross-purposes, active preparations were being made on board the _Whatnot_ for the first exhibition of its panorama.
Line 3
In those days the panorama filled the place now taken by the stereopticon; and though its crude pictures lacked the photographic truth of lantern slides, they were by no means devoid of interest.
Line 4
In fact, their gorgeousness of color, and the vagueness of detail that allowed each to represent several scenes, according to the pleasure of the lecturer, rendered them quite as popular, if not so instructive, as their modern successors.
Line 5
The success of a panorama, however, depended largely upon the person who explained its pictures.
/ðə səkˈses ʌv ə ˌpænərˈæmə ˌhaʊˈevər dɪˈpendəd ˈlɑːrdʒli əˈpɑːn ðə ˈpɜːrsən huː ɪkˈspleɪnd ɪts ˈpɪktʃərz/

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

growls noun US /ɡraʊlz/

plural of “growl” — the sound of growling (as made by animals)

From this reading “BIM GROWLS.”

Iowa noun US /ˈaɪəwə/

a member of the Siouan people formerly living in Iowa and Minnesota and Missouri

From this reading “During the following day, while these letters were on their way to the little Iowa town in which the principal actors in this story were playing at such cross-purposes, active preparations were being made on board the _Whatnot_ for the first exhibition of its panorama.”

lecturer noun US /ˈlektʃərər/

a public lecturer at certain universities

From this reading “In fact, their gorgeousness of color, and the vagueness of detail that allowed each to represent several scenes, according to the pleasure of the lecturer, rendered them quite as popular, if not so instructive, as their modern successors.”

photographic adjective US /ˌfoʊtəˈɡræfɪk/

relating to photography or obtained by using photography

From this reading “In those days the panorama filled the place now taken by the stereopticon; and though its crude pictures lacked the photographic truth of lantern slides, they were by no means devoid of interest.”

slides noun US /slaɪdz/

plural of “slide” — a small flat rectangular piece of glass on which specimens can be mounted for microscopic study

From this reading “In those days the panorama filled the place now taken by the stereopticon; and though its crude pictures lacked the photographic truth of lantern slides, they were by no means devoid of interest.”

successors noun US /səkˈsesərz/

plural of “successor” — a person who follows next in order

From this reading “In fact, their gorgeousness of color, and the vagueness of detail that allowed each to represent several scenes, according to the pleasure of the lecturer, rendered them quite as popular, if not so instructive, as their modern successors.”

vagueness noun US /ˈveɪɡnɪs/

unclearness by virtue of being poorly expressed or not coherent in meaning

From this reading “In fact, their gorgeousness of color, and the vagueness of detail that allowed each to represent several scenes, according to the pleasure of the lecturer, rendered them quite as popular, if not so instructive, as their modern successors.”

Whatnot noun US /ˈwʌtnɑːt/

miscellaneous curios

All words in this reading · 95

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading The success of a panorama, however, depended largely upon the person who explained its pictures.

accordingadjectiveUS /əˈkɔːrdɪŋ/

(followed by “to”) in agreement with or accordant with

From this reading In fact, their gorgeousness of color, and the vagueness of detail that allowed each to represent several scenes, according to the pleasure of the lecturer, rendered them quite as popular, if not so instructive, as their modern successors.

activeadjectiveUS /ˈæktɪv/

tending to become more severe or wider in scope

From this reading During the following day, while these letters were on their way to the little Iowa town in which the principal actors in this story were playing at such cross-purposes, active preparations were being made on board the _Whatnot_ for the first exhibition of its panorama.

actorsnounUS /ˈæktərz/

plural of “actor” — a theatrical performer

From this reading During the following day, while these letters were on their way to the little Iowa town in which the principal actors in this story were playing at such cross-purposes, active preparations were being made on board the _Whatnot_ for the first exhibition of its panorama.

allowedverbUS /əˈlaʊd/

past form of “allow” — make it possible through a specific action or lack of action for something to happen

From this reading In fact, their gorgeousness of color, and the vagueness of detail that allowed each to represent several scenes, according to the pleasure of the lecturer, rendered them quite as popular, if not so instructive, as their modern successors.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading In those days the panorama filled the place now taken by the stereopticon; and though its crude pictures lacked the photographic truth of lantern slides, they were by no means devoid of interest.

asconjunctionUS /æz/

at the same time that; because; in the way that

From this reading In fact, their gorgeousness of color, and the vagueness of detail that allowed each to represent several scenes, according to the pleasure of the lecturer, rendered them quite as popular, if not so instructive, as their modern successors.

atprepositionUS /æt/

in or near a particular place or position

From this reading During the following day, while these letters were on their way to the little Iowa town in which the principal actors in this story were playing at such cross-purposes, active preparations were being made on board the _Whatnot_ for the first exhibition of its panorama.

beingauxiliary verbUS /ˈbiːɪŋ/

the -ing form of “be”

From this reading During the following day, while these letters were on their way to the little Iowa town in which the principal actors in this story were playing at such cross-purposes, active preparations were being made on board the _Whatnot_ for the first exhibition of its panorama.

BIM

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading BIM GROWLS.

boardnounUS /bɔːrd/

a committee having supervisory powers

From this reading During the following day, while these letters were on their way to the little Iowa town in which the principal actors in this story were playing at such cross-purposes, active preparations were being made on board the _Whatnot_ for the first exhibition of its panorama.

byprepositionUS /baɪ/

showing who or what does the action

From this reading In those days the panorama filled the place now taken by the stereopticon; and though its crude pictures lacked the photographic truth of lantern slides, they were by no means devoid of interest.

colornounUS /ˈkʌlər/

a visual attribute of things that results from the light they emit or transmit or reflect

From this reading In fact, their gorgeousness of color, and the vagueness of detail that allowed each to represent several scenes, according to the pleasure of the lecturer, rendered them quite as popular, if not so instructive, as their modern successors.

cross-purposes

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading During the following day, while these letters were on their way to the little Iowa town in which the principal actors in this story were playing at such cross-purposes, active preparations were being made on board the _Whatnot_ for the first exhibition of its panorama.

crudeadjectiveUS /kruːd/

not carefully or expertly made

From this reading In those days the panorama filled the place now taken by the stereopticon; and though its crude pictures lacked the photographic truth of lantern slides, they were by no means devoid of interest.

daynounUS /deɪ/

time for Earth to make a complete rotation on its axis

From this reading During the following day, while these letters were on their way to the little Iowa town in which the principal actors in this story were playing at such cross-purposes, active preparations were being made on board the _Whatnot_ for the first exhibition of its panorama.

daysnounUS /deɪz/

the time during which someone's life continues

From this reading In those days the panorama filled the place now taken by the stereopticon; and though its crude pictures lacked the photographic truth of lantern slides, they were by no means devoid of interest.

dependedverbUS /dɪˈpendəd/

past form of “depend” — be contingent upon (something that is elided)

From this reading The success of a panorama, however, depended largely upon the person who explained its pictures.

detailnounUS /dɪˈteɪl/

an isolated fact that is considered separately from the whole

From this reading In fact, their gorgeousness of color, and the vagueness of detail that allowed each to represent several scenes, according to the pleasure of the lecturer, rendered them quite as popular, if not so instructive, as their modern successors.

devoidadjectiveUS /dɪˈvɔɪd/

completely wanting or lacking

From this reading In those days the panorama filled the place now taken by the stereopticon; and though its crude pictures lacked the photographic truth of lantern slides, they were by no means devoid of interest.

DuringprepositionUS /ˈdʊrɪŋ/

all through a period, or at some point within it

From this reading During the following day, while these letters were on their way to the little Iowa town in which the principal actors in this story were playing at such cross-purposes, active preparations were being made on board the _Whatnot_ for the first exhibition of its panorama.

eachdeterminerUS /iːtʃ/

every one of two or more people or things, taken separately

From this reading In fact, their gorgeousness of color, and the vagueness of detail that allowed each to represent several scenes, according to the pleasure of the lecturer, rendered them quite as popular, if not so instructive, as their modern successors.

exhibitionnounUS /ˌeksəˈbɪʃən/

the act of exhibiting

From this reading During the following day, while these letters were on their way to the little Iowa town in which the principal actors in this story were playing at such cross-purposes, active preparations were being made on board the _Whatnot_ for the first exhibition of its panorama.

explainedverbUS /ɪkˈspleɪnd/

past form of “explain” — make plain and comprehensible

From this reading The success of a panorama, however, depended largely upon the person who explained its pictures.

factnounUS /fækt/

a piece of information about circumstances that exist or events that have occurred

From this reading In fact, their gorgeousness of color, and the vagueness of detail that allowed each to represent several scenes, according to the pleasure of the lecturer, rendered them quite as popular, if not so instructive, as their modern successors.

filledadjectiveUS /fɪld/

(usually followed by “with” or used as a combining form) generously supplied with

From this reading In those days the panorama filled the place now taken by the stereopticon; and though its crude pictures lacked the photographic truth of lantern slides, they were by no means devoid of interest.

firstadjectiveUS /fɜːrst/

preceding all others in time or space or degree

From this reading During the following day, while these letters were on their way to the little Iowa town in which the principal actors in this story were playing at such cross-purposes, active preparations were being made on board the _Whatnot_ for the first exhibition of its panorama.

followingadjectiveUS /ˈfɑːloʊɪŋ/

about to be mentioned or specified

From this reading During the following day, while these letters were on their way to the little Iowa town in which the principal actors in this story were playing at such cross-purposes, active preparations were being made on board the _Whatnot_ for the first exhibition of its panorama.

forprepositionUS /fɔːr/

intended to be given to, or used by, somebody

From this reading During the following day, while these letters were on their way to the little Iowa town in which the principal actors in this story were playing at such cross-purposes, active preparations were being made on board the _Whatnot_ for the first exhibition of its panorama.

gorgeousness

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading In fact, their gorgeousness of color, and the vagueness of detail that allowed each to represent several scenes, according to the pleasure of the lecturer, rendered them quite as popular, if not so instructive, as their modern successors.

GROWLSnounUS /ɡraʊlz/

plural of “growl” — the sound of growling (as made by animals)

From this reading BIM GROWLS.

howeveradverbUS /ˌhaʊˈevər/

used to add a contrasting statement

From this reading The success of a panorama, however, depended largely upon the person who explained its pictures.

ifconjunctionUS /ɪf/

on condition that; in the event that

From this reading In fact, their gorgeousness of color, and the vagueness of detail that allowed each to represent several scenes, according to the pleasure of the lecturer, rendered them quite as popular, if not so instructive, as their modern successors.

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading During the following day, while these letters were on their way to the little Iowa town in which the principal actors in this story were playing at such cross-purposes, active preparations were being made on board the _Whatnot_ for the first exhibition of its panorama.

instructiveadjectiveUS /ˌɪnˈstrʌktɪv/

serving to instruct or enlighten or inform

From this reading In fact, their gorgeousness of color, and the vagueness of detail that allowed each to represent several scenes, according to the pleasure of the lecturer, rendered them quite as popular, if not so instructive, as their modern successors.

interestnounUS /ˈɪntrəst/

a sense of concern with and curiosity about someone or something

From this reading In those days the panorama filled the place now taken by the stereopticon; and though its crude pictures lacked the photographic truth of lantern slides, they were by no means devoid of interest.

IowanounUS /ˈaɪəwə/

a member of the Siouan people formerly living in Iowa and Minnesota and Missouri

From this reading During the following day, while these letters were on their way to the little Iowa town in which the principal actors in this story were playing at such cross-purposes, active preparations were being made on board the _Whatnot_ for the first exhibition of its panorama.

itsdeterminerUS /ɪts/

belonging to the thing or animal already mentioned

From this reading During the following day, while these letters were on their way to the little Iowa town in which the principal actors in this story were playing at such cross-purposes, active preparations were being made on board the _Whatnot_ for the first exhibition of its panorama.

lackedverbUS /lækt/

past form of “lack” — be without

From this reading In those days the panorama filled the place now taken by the stereopticon; and though its crude pictures lacked the photographic truth of lantern slides, they were by no means devoid of interest.

lanternnounUS /ˈlæntərn/

light in a transparent protective case

From this reading In those days the panorama filled the place now taken by the stereopticon; and though its crude pictures lacked the photographic truth of lantern slides, they were by no means devoid of interest.

largelyadverbUS /ˈlɑːrdʒli/

in large part; mainly or chiefly

From this reading The success of a panorama, however, depended largely upon the person who explained its pictures.

lecturernounUS /ˈlektʃərər/

a public lecturer at certain universities

From this reading In fact, their gorgeousness of color, and the vagueness of detail that allowed each to represent several scenes, according to the pleasure of the lecturer, rendered them quite as popular, if not so instructive, as their modern successors.

lettersnounUS /ˈletərz/

the literary culture

From this reading During the following day, while these letters were on their way to the little Iowa town in which the principal actors in this story were playing at such cross-purposes, active preparations were being made on board the _Whatnot_ for the first exhibition of its panorama.

littleadjectiveUS /ˈlɪtəl/

limited or below average in number or quantity or magnitude or extent

From this reading During the following day, while these letters were on their way to the little Iowa town in which the principal actors in this story were playing at such cross-purposes, active preparations were being made on board the _Whatnot_ for the first exhibition of its panorama.

madeadjectiveUS /meɪd/

produced by a manufacturing process

From this reading During the following day, while these letters were on their way to the little Iowa town in which the principal actors in this story were playing at such cross-purposes, active preparations were being made on board the _Whatnot_ for the first exhibition of its panorama.

meansnounUS /miːnz/

thing or person that acts to produce a particular effect or achieve an end

From this reading In those days the panorama filled the place now taken by the stereopticon; and though its crude pictures lacked the photographic truth of lantern slides, they were by no means devoid of interest.

modernadjectiveUS /ˈmɑːdərn/

belonging to the modern era; since the Middle Ages

From this reading In fact, their gorgeousness of color, and the vagueness of detail that allowed each to represent several scenes, according to the pleasure of the lecturer, rendered them quite as popular, if not so instructive, as their modern successors.

nodeterminerUS /noʊ/

not any; not one

From this reading In those days the panorama filled the place now taken by the stereopticon; and though its crude pictures lacked the photographic truth of lantern slides, they were by no means devoid of interest.

notadverbUS /nɑːt/

used to make a word, phrase, or sentence negative

From this reading In fact, their gorgeousness of color, and the vagueness of detail that allowed each to represent several scenes, according to the pleasure of the lecturer, rendered them quite as popular, if not so instructive, as their modern successors.

nowadverbUS /naʊ/

in the historical present; at this point in the narration of a series of past events

From this reading In those days the panorama filled the place now taken by the stereopticon; and though its crude pictures lacked the photographic truth of lantern slides, they were by no means devoid of interest.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading During the following day, while these letters were on their way to the little Iowa town in which the principal actors in this story were playing at such cross-purposes, active preparations were being made on board the _Whatnot_ for the first exhibition of its panorama.

onprepositionUS /ɑːn/

touching and supported by a surface

From this reading During the following day, while these letters were on their way to the little Iowa town in which the principal actors in this story were playing at such cross-purposes, active preparations were being made on board the _Whatnot_ for the first exhibition of its panorama.

panoramanounUS /ˌpænərˈæmə/

the visual percept of a region

From this reading During the following day, while these letters were on their way to the little Iowa town in which the principal actors in this story were playing at such cross-purposes, active preparations were being made on board the _Whatnot_ for the first exhibition of its panorama.

personnounUS /ˈpɜːrsən/

a human being

From this reading The success of a panorama, however, depended largely upon the person who explained its pictures.

photographicadjectiveUS /ˌfoʊtəˈɡræfɪk/

relating to photography or obtained by using photography

From this reading In those days the panorama filled the place now taken by the stereopticon; and though its crude pictures lacked the photographic truth of lantern slides, they were by no means devoid of interest.

picturesnounUS /ˈpɪktʃərz/

plural of “picture” — a visual representation (of an object or scene or person or abstraction) produced on a surface

From this reading In those days the panorama filled the place now taken by the stereopticon; and though its crude pictures lacked the photographic truth of lantern slides, they were by no means devoid of interest.

placenounUS /pleɪs/

a point located with respect to surface features of some region

From this reading In those days the panorama filled the place now taken by the stereopticon; and though its crude pictures lacked the photographic truth of lantern slides, they were by no means devoid of interest.

playingnounUS /ˈpleɪɪŋ/

the act of playing a musical instrument

From this reading During the following day, while these letters were on their way to the little Iowa town in which the principal actors in this story were playing at such cross-purposes, active preparations were being made on board the _Whatnot_ for the first exhibition of its panorama.

pleasurenounUS /ˈpleʒər/

a fundamental feeling that is hard to define but that people desire to experience

From this reading In fact, their gorgeousness of color, and the vagueness of detail that allowed each to represent several scenes, according to the pleasure of the lecturer, rendered them quite as popular, if not so instructive, as their modern successors.

popularadjectiveUS /ˈpɑːpjələr/

regarded with great favor, approval, or affection especially by the general public

From this reading In fact, their gorgeousness of color, and the vagueness of detail that allowed each to represent several scenes, according to the pleasure of the lecturer, rendered them quite as popular, if not so instructive, as their modern successors.

preparationsnounUS /ˌprepərˈeɪʃənz/

plural of “preparation” — the activity of putting or setting in order in advance of some act or purpose

From this reading During the following day, while these letters were on their way to the little Iowa town in which the principal actors in this story were playing at such cross-purposes, active preparations were being made on board the _Whatnot_ for the first exhibition of its panorama.

principalnounUS /ˈprɪnsəpəl/

the original amount of a debt on which interest is calculated

From this reading During the following day, while these letters were on their way to the little Iowa town in which the principal actors in this story were playing at such cross-purposes, active preparations were being made on board the _Whatnot_ for the first exhibition of its panorama.

quiteadverbUS /kwaɪt/

to a degree (not used with a negative)

From this reading In fact, their gorgeousness of color, and the vagueness of detail that allowed each to represent several scenes, according to the pleasure of the lecturer, rendered them quite as popular, if not so instructive, as their modern successors.

renderedverbUS /ˈrendərd/

past form of “render” — cause to become

From this reading In fact, their gorgeousness of color, and the vagueness of detail that allowed each to represent several scenes, according to the pleasure of the lecturer, rendered them quite as popular, if not so instructive, as their modern successors.

representverbUS /ˌreprɪˈzent/

take the place of or be parallel or equivalent to

From this reading In fact, their gorgeousness of color, and the vagueness of detail that allowed each to represent several scenes, according to the pleasure of the lecturer, rendered them quite as popular, if not so instructive, as their modern successors.

scenesnounUS /siːnz/

plural of “scene” — the place where some action occurs

From this reading In fact, their gorgeousness of color, and the vagueness of detail that allowed each to represent several scenes, according to the pleasure of the lecturer, rendered them quite as popular, if not so instructive, as their modern successors.

severaladjectiveUS /ˈsevrəl/

(used with count nouns) of an indefinite number more than 2 or 3 but not many

From this reading In fact, their gorgeousness of color, and the vagueness of detail that allowed each to represent several scenes, according to the pleasure of the lecturer, rendered them quite as popular, if not so instructive, as their modern successors.

slidesnounUS /slaɪdz/

plural of “slide” — a small flat rectangular piece of glass on which specimens can be mounted for microscopic study

From this reading In those days the panorama filled the place now taken by the stereopticon; and though its crude pictures lacked the photographic truth of lantern slides, they were by no means devoid of interest.

soconjunctionUS /soʊ/

for that reason; with the result that

From this reading In fact, their gorgeousness of color, and the vagueness of detail that allowed each to represent several scenes, according to the pleasure of the lecturer, rendered them quite as popular, if not so instructive, as their modern successors.

stereopticon

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading In those days the panorama filled the place now taken by the stereopticon; and though its crude pictures lacked the photographic truth of lantern slides, they were by no means devoid of interest.

storynounUS /ˈstɔːri/

a message that tells the particulars of an act or occurrence or course of events; presented in writing or drama or cinema or as a radio or television program

From this reading During the following day, while these letters were on their way to the little Iowa town in which the principal actors in this story were playing at such cross-purposes, active preparations were being made on board the _Whatnot_ for the first exhibition of its panorama.

successnounUS /səkˈses/

an event that accomplishes its intended purpose

From this reading The success of a panorama, however, depended largely upon the person who explained its pictures.

successorsnounUS /səkˈsesərz/

plural of “successor” — a person who follows next in order

From this reading In fact, their gorgeousness of color, and the vagueness of detail that allowed each to represent several scenes, according to the pleasure of the lecturer, rendered them quite as popular, if not so instructive, as their modern successors.

suchdeterminerUS /sʌtʃ/

of the kind already mentioned

From this reading During the following day, while these letters were on their way to the little Iowa town in which the principal actors in this story were playing at such cross-purposes, active preparations were being made on board the _Whatnot_ for the first exhibition of its panorama.

takenadjectiveUS /ˈteɪkən/

understood in a certain way; made sense of

From this reading In those days the panorama filled the place now taken by the stereopticon; and though its crude pictures lacked the photographic truth of lantern slides, they were by no means devoid of interest.

thatconjunctionUS /ðæt/

used to introduce what somebody said, thought, or felt

From this reading In fact, their gorgeousness of color, and the vagueness of detail that allowed each to represent several scenes, according to the pleasure of the lecturer, rendered them quite as popular, if not so instructive, as their modern successors.

thedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading During the following day, while these letters were on their way to the little Iowa town in which the principal actors in this story were playing at such cross-purposes, active preparations were being made on board the _Whatnot_ for the first exhibition of its panorama.

theirdeterminerUS /ðer/

belonging to the people or things already mentioned

From this reading During the following day, while these letters were on their way to the little Iowa town in which the principal actors in this story were playing at such cross-purposes, active preparations were being made on board the _Whatnot_ for the first exhibition of its panorama.

thempronounUS /ðem/

the people or things already mentioned, as the object

From this reading In fact, their gorgeousness of color, and the vagueness of detail that allowed each to represent several scenes, according to the pleasure of the lecturer, rendered them quite as popular, if not so instructive, as their modern successors.

thesedeterminerUS /ðiːz/

the plural of “this”: the people or things near, or just mentioned

From this reading During the following day, while these letters were on their way to the little Iowa town in which the principal actors in this story were playing at such cross-purposes, active preparations were being made on board the _Whatnot_ for the first exhibition of its panorama.

theypronounUS /ðeɪ/

the people, animals, or things already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading In those days the panorama filled the place now taken by the stereopticon; and though its crude pictures lacked the photographic truth of lantern slides, they were by no means devoid of interest.

thisdeterminerUS /ðɪs/

used for a person or thing that is near, or that has just been mentioned

From this reading During the following day, while these letters were on their way to the little Iowa town in which the principal actors in this story were playing at such cross-purposes, active preparations were being made on board the _Whatnot_ for the first exhibition of its panorama.

thosedeterminerUS /ðoʊz/

the plural of “that”: the people or things further away, or already known

From this reading In those days the panorama filled the place now taken by the stereopticon; and though its crude pictures lacked the photographic truth of lantern slides, they were by no means devoid of interest.

thoughconjunctionUS /ðoʊ/

in spite of the fact that

From this reading In those days the panorama filled the place now taken by the stereopticon; and though its crude pictures lacked the photographic truth of lantern slides, they were by no means devoid of interest.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading During the following day, while these letters were on their way to the little Iowa town in which the principal actors in this story were playing at such cross-purposes, active preparations were being made on board the _Whatnot_ for the first exhibition of its panorama.

townnounUS /taʊn/

an urban area with a fixed boundary that is smaller than a city

From this reading During the following day, while these letters were on their way to the little Iowa town in which the principal actors in this story were playing at such cross-purposes, active preparations were being made on board the _Whatnot_ for the first exhibition of its panorama.

truthnounUS /truːθ/

a fact that has been verified

From this reading In those days the panorama filled the place now taken by the stereopticon; and though its crude pictures lacked the photographic truth of lantern slides, they were by no means devoid of interest.

uponprepositionUS /əˈpɑːn/

a formal word for “on”

From this reading The success of a panorama, however, depended largely upon the person who explained its pictures.

vaguenessnounUS /ˈveɪɡnɪs/

unclearness by virtue of being poorly expressed or not coherent in meaning

From this reading In fact, their gorgeousness of color, and the vagueness of detail that allowed each to represent several scenes, according to the pleasure of the lecturer, rendered them quite as popular, if not so instructive, as their modern successors.

waynounUS /weɪ/

how something is done or how it happens

From this reading During the following day, while these letters were on their way to the little Iowa town in which the principal actors in this story were playing at such cross-purposes, active preparations were being made on board the _Whatnot_ for the first exhibition of its panorama.

wereauxiliary verbUS /wɜːr/

the past form of “be” used with you, we, they, or a plural noun

From this reading During the following day, while these letters were on their way to the little Iowa town in which the principal actors in this story were playing at such cross-purposes, active preparations were being made on board the _Whatnot_ for the first exhibition of its panorama.

WhatnotnounUS /ˈwʌtnɑːt/

miscellaneous curios

From this reading During the following day, while these letters were on their way to the little Iowa town in which the principal actors in this story were playing at such cross-purposes, active preparations were being made on board the _Whatnot_ for the first exhibition of its panorama.

whichpronounUS /wɪtʃ/

used to introduce a clause giving more about a thing just mentioned

From this reading During the following day, while these letters were on their way to the little Iowa town in which the principal actors in this story were playing at such cross-purposes, active preparations were being made on board the _Whatnot_ for the first exhibition of its panorama.

whileconjunctionUS /waɪl/

during the time that

From this reading During the following day, while these letters were on their way to the little Iowa town in which the principal actors in this story were playing at such cross-purposes, active preparations were being made on board the _Whatnot_ for the first exhibition of its panorama.

whopronounUS /huː/

which person or people

From this reading The success of a panorama, however, depended largely upon the person who explained its pictures.

Chapter 19 of Raftmates: A Story of the Great River by Kirk Munroe holds 96 sentences, grouped into 20 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 19 of Raftmates: A Story of the Great River contain?

Chapter 19 holds 96 sentences of Raftmates: A Story of the Great River, unabridged, divided into 20 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 19 of Raftmates: A Story of the Great River by Kirk Munroe exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 96 sentences, grouped into 20 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 19 of Raftmates: A Story of the Great River?

Work through the 20 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 20 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 19 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 19 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading Raftmates: A Story of the Great River

Common questions about reading Raftmates: A Story of the Great River by Kirk Munroe on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of Raftmates: A Story of the Great River?

Yes. All 3509 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #19303 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of Raftmates: A Story of the Great River is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #19303, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does Raftmates: A Story of the Great River take to read?

About 292 minutes of reading across 702 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

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How to work through Raftmates: A Story of the Great River section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.

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Vocabulary met early in Raftmates: A Story of the Great River

Words and structures a reader meets early in Raftmates: A Story of the Great River, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Assumes
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Raftmates: A Story of the Great River; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Responsibility
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Raftmates: A Story of the Great River; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
During
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Raftmates: A Story of the Great River; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
These
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Raftmates: A Story of the Great River; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.