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Ralph Gurney's Oil Speculation
Ralph Gurney's Oil Speculation

Chapter I · Chapter 1

Chapter 1 of Ralph Gurney's Oil Speculation is here in full — 71 sentences across 15 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Cover illustration for Ralph Gurney's Oil Speculation
Context Illustration Reading 1/14 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
THE "CHUMS."
The puffing, panting engine that dragged the long train of heavy cars into the busy little city of Bradford, in the State of Pennsylvania, one day last summer, witnessed through its one white, staring eye, sometimes called the head-light, many happy meetings between waiting and coming friends; but none was more hearty than that between two college mates--one who had graduated the year previous, and the other who hoped to carry off the honors at the close of the next term.
"Here at last!" exclaimed George Harnett, as he met his old chum with a hearty clasp of the hand.
"In this case, if the hope had been much longer deferred, the heart would indeed have been sick."
"It was thoughtless in me, old fellow, not to have sent you word when I concluded to remain at home two days longer, but the fact of the matter is that I did not think you would be at the depot to meet me, but would let me hunt you up, for I suppose you do have some kind of an office."
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AI-generated narration by OpenAI · Slow US English
LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

Ralph Gurney's Oil Speculation

Chapter I · Chapter 1

Chapter 1 of Ralph Gurney's Oil Speculation is here in full — 71 sentences across 15 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/14 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
THE "CHUMS."
/ðə tʃʌmz/
Line 2
The puffing, panting engine that dragged the long train of heavy cars into the busy little city of Bradford, in the State of Pennsylvania, one day last summer, witnessed through its one white, staring eye, sometimes called the head-light, many happy meetings between waiting and coming friends; but none was more hearty than that between two college mates--one who had graduated the year previous, and the other who hoped to carry off the honors at the close of the next term.
Line 3
"Here at last!" exclaimed George Harnett, as he met his old chum with a hearty clasp of the hand.
Line 4
"In this case, if the hope had been much longer deferred, the heart would indeed have been sick."
/ɪn ðɪs keɪs ɪf ðə hoʊp hæd bɪn mʌtʃ ˈlɔːŋɡər dɪˈfɜːrd ðə hɑːrt wʊd ˌɪnˈdiːd hæv bɪn sɪk/
Line 5
"It was thoughtless in me, old fellow, not to have sent you word when I concluded to remain at home two days longer, but the fact of the matter is that I did not think you would be at the depot to meet me, but would let me hunt you up, for I suppose you do have some kind of an office."
/ɪt wɑːz ˈθɔːtləs ɪn miː oʊld ˈfeloʊ nɑːt tuː hæv sent juː wɜːrd wen aɪ kənˈkluːdəd tuː rɪˈmeɪn æt hoʊm tuː deɪz ˈlɔːŋɡər bʌt ðə fækt ʌv ðə ˈmætər ɪz ðæt aɪ dɪd nɑːt θɪŋk juː wʊd biː æt ðə ˈdiːpoʊ tuː miːt miː bʌt wʊd let miː hʌnt juː ʌp fɔːr aɪ səˈpoʊz juː duː hæv sʌm kaɪnd ʌv æn ˈɔːfɪs/

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

Bradford noun US /ˈbrædfərd/

United States printer (born in England) whose press produced the first American prayer book and the New York City's first newspaper (1663-1752)

From this reading “The puffing, panting engine that dragged the long train of heavy cars into the busy little city of Bradford, in the State of Pennsylvania, one day last summer, witnessed through its one white, staring eye, sometimes called the head-light, many happy meetings between waiting and coming friends; but none was more hearty than that between two college mates--one who had graduated the year previous, and the other who hoped to carry off the honors at the close of the next term.”

chums noun US /tʃʌmz/

plural of “chum” — a close friend who accompanies his buddies in their activities

From this reading “THE "CHUMS."”

deferred verb US /dɪˈfɜːrd/

inflected form of “defer” — hold back to a later time

From this reading “"In this case, if the hope had been much longer deferred, the heart would indeed have been sick."”

depot noun US /ˈdiːpoʊ/

station where transport vehicles load or unload passengers or goods

From this reading “"It was thoughtless in me, old fellow, not to have sent you word when I concluded to remain at home two days longer, but the fact of the matter is that I did not think you would be at the depot to meet me, but would let me hunt you up, for I suppose you do have some kind of an office."”

graduated adjective US /ˈɡrædʒuːeɪtɪd/

marked with or divided into degrees

From this reading “The puffing, panting engine that dragged the long train of heavy cars into the busy little city of Bradford, in the State of Pennsylvania, one day last summer, witnessed through its one white, staring eye, sometimes called the head-light, many happy meetings between waiting and coming friends; but none was more hearty than that between two college mates--one who had graduated the year previous, and the other who hoped to carry off the honors at the close of the next term.”

Pennsylvania noun US /ˌpensəlˈveɪnjə/

a Mid-Atlantic state; one of the original 13 colonies

From this reading “The puffing, panting engine that dragged the long train of heavy cars into the busy little city of Bradford, in the State of Pennsylvania, one day last summer, witnessed through its one white, staring eye, sometimes called the head-light, many happy meetings between waiting and coming friends; but none was more hearty than that between two college mates--one who had graduated the year previous, and the other who hoped to carry off the honors at the close of the next term.”

puffing noun US /ˈpʌfɪŋ/

blowing tobacco smoke out into the air

From this reading “The puffing, panting engine that dragged the long train of heavy cars into the busy little city of Bradford, in the State of Pennsylvania, one day last summer, witnessed through its one white, staring eye, sometimes called the head-light, many happy meetings between waiting and coming friends; but none was more hearty than that between two college mates--one who had graduated the year previous, and the other who hoped to carry off the honors at the close of the next term.”

thoughtless adjective US /ˈθɔːtləs/

showing lack of careful thought

From this reading “"It was thoughtless in me, old fellow, not to have sent you word when I concluded to remain at home two days longer, but the fact of the matter is that I did not think you would be at the depot to meet me, but would let me hunt you up, for I suppose you do have some kind of an office."”

All words in this reading · 124

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading "Here at last!" exclaimed George Harnett, as he met his old chum with a hearty clasp of the hand.

andeterminerUS /æn/

the form of “a” used before a word that begins with a vowel sound

From this reading "It was thoughtless in me, old fellow, not to have sent you word when I concluded to remain at home two days longer, but the fact of the matter is that I did not think you would be at the depot to meet me, but would let me hunt you up, for I suppose you do have some kind of an office."

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading The puffing, panting engine that dragged the long train of heavy cars into the busy little city of Bradford, in the State of Pennsylvania, one day last summer, witnessed through its one white, staring eye, sometimes called the head-light, many happy meetings between waiting and coming friends; but none was more hearty than that between two college mates--one who had graduated the year previous, and the other who hoped to carry off the honors at the close of the next term.

asconjunctionUS /æz/

at the same time that; because; in the way that

From this reading "Here at last!" exclaimed George Harnett, as he met his old chum with a hearty clasp of the hand.

atprepositionUS /æt/

in or near a particular place or position

From this reading The puffing, panting engine that dragged the long train of heavy cars into the busy little city of Bradford, in the State of Pennsylvania, one day last summer, witnessed through its one white, staring eye, sometimes called the head-light, many happy meetings between waiting and coming friends; but none was more hearty than that between two college mates--one who had graduated the year previous, and the other who hoped to carry off the honors at the close of the next term.

beauxiliary verbUS /biː/

used with a past participle to form the passive, or with -ing for continuous tenses

From this reading "It was thoughtless in me, old fellow, not to have sent you word when I concluded to remain at home two days longer, but the fact of the matter is that I did not think you would be at the depot to meet me, but would let me hunt you up, for I suppose you do have some kind of an office."

beenauxiliary verbUS /bɪn/

the past participle of “be”

From this reading "In this case, if the hope had been much longer deferred, the heart would indeed have been sick."

betweenprepositionUS /bɪˈtwiːn/

in the space, time, or range separating two things

From this reading The puffing, panting engine that dragged the long train of heavy cars into the busy little city of Bradford, in the State of Pennsylvania, one day last summer, witnessed through its one white, staring eye, sometimes called the head-light, many happy meetings between waiting and coming friends; but none was more hearty than that between two college mates--one who had graduated the year previous, and the other who hoped to carry off the honors at the close of the next term.

BradfordnounUS /ˈbrædfərd/

United States printer (born in England) whose press produced the first American prayer book and the New York City's first newspaper (1663-1752)

From this reading The puffing, panting engine that dragged the long train of heavy cars into the busy little city of Bradford, in the State of Pennsylvania, one day last summer, witnessed through its one white, staring eye, sometimes called the head-light, many happy meetings between waiting and coming friends; but none was more hearty than that between two college mates--one who had graduated the year previous, and the other who hoped to carry off the honors at the close of the next term.

busyadjectiveUS /ˈbɪzi/

actively or fully engaged or occupied

From this reading The puffing, panting engine that dragged the long train of heavy cars into the busy little city of Bradford, in the State of Pennsylvania, one day last summer, witnessed through its one white, staring eye, sometimes called the head-light, many happy meetings between waiting and coming friends; but none was more hearty than that between two college mates--one who had graduated the year previous, and the other who hoped to carry off the honors at the close of the next term.

butconjunctionUS /bʌt/

used to introduce something that contrasts with what came before

From this reading The puffing, panting engine that dragged the long train of heavy cars into the busy little city of Bradford, in the State of Pennsylvania, one day last summer, witnessed through its one white, staring eye, sometimes called the head-light, many happy meetings between waiting and coming friends; but none was more hearty than that between two college mates--one who had graduated the year previous, and the other who hoped to carry off the honors at the close of the next term.

calledverbUS /kɔːld/

past form of “call” — assign a specified (usually proper) proper name to

From this reading The puffing, panting engine that dragged the long train of heavy cars into the busy little city of Bradford, in the State of Pennsylvania, one day last summer, witnessed through its one white, staring eye, sometimes called the head-light, many happy meetings between waiting and coming friends; but none was more hearty than that between two college mates--one who had graduated the year previous, and the other who hoped to carry off the honors at the close of the next term.

carryverbUS /ˈkæri/

move while supporting, either in a vehicle or in one's hands or on one's body

From this reading The puffing, panting engine that dragged the long train of heavy cars into the busy little city of Bradford, in the State of Pennsylvania, one day last summer, witnessed through its one white, staring eye, sometimes called the head-light, many happy meetings between waiting and coming friends; but none was more hearty than that between two college mates--one who had graduated the year previous, and the other who hoped to carry off the honors at the close of the next term.

carsnounUS /kɑːrz/

plural of “car” — a motor vehicle with four wheels; usually propelled by an internal combustion engine

From this reading The puffing, panting engine that dragged the long train of heavy cars into the busy little city of Bradford, in the State of Pennsylvania, one day last summer, witnessed through its one white, staring eye, sometimes called the head-light, many happy meetings between waiting and coming friends; but none was more hearty than that between two college mates--one who had graduated the year previous, and the other who hoped to carry off the honors at the close of the next term.

casenounUS /keɪs/

an occurrence of something

From this reading "In this case, if the hope had been much longer deferred, the heart would indeed have been sick."

chumnounUS /tʃʌm/

a close friend who accompanies his buddies in their activities

From this reading "Here at last!" exclaimed George Harnett, as he met his old chum with a hearty clasp of the hand.

CHUMSnounUS /tʃʌmz/

plural of “chum” — a close friend who accompanies his buddies in their activities

From this reading THE "CHUMS."

citynounUS /ˈsɪti/

a large and densely populated urban area; may include several independent administrative districts

From this reading The puffing, panting engine that dragged the long train of heavy cars into the busy little city of Bradford, in the State of Pennsylvania, one day last summer, witnessed through its one white, staring eye, sometimes called the head-light, many happy meetings between waiting and coming friends; but none was more hearty than that between two college mates--one who had graduated the year previous, and the other who hoped to carry off the honors at the close of the next term.

claspverbUS /klæsp/

hold firmly and tightly

From this reading "Here at last!" exclaimed George Harnett, as he met his old chum with a hearty clasp of the hand.

closeadjectiveUS /kloʊs/

at or within a short distance in space or time or having elements near each other

From this reading The puffing, panting engine that dragged the long train of heavy cars into the busy little city of Bradford, in the State of Pennsylvania, one day last summer, witnessed through its one white, staring eye, sometimes called the head-light, many happy meetings between waiting and coming friends; but none was more hearty than that between two college mates--one who had graduated the year previous, and the other who hoped to carry off the honors at the close of the next term.

collegenounUS /ˈkɑːlɪdʒ/

the body of faculty and students of a college

From this reading The puffing, panting engine that dragged the long train of heavy cars into the busy little city of Bradford, in the State of Pennsylvania, one day last summer, witnessed through its one white, staring eye, sometimes called the head-light, many happy meetings between waiting and coming friends; but none was more hearty than that between two college mates--one who had graduated the year previous, and the other who hoped to carry off the honors at the close of the next term.

comingnounUS /ˈkʌmɪŋ/

the act of drawing spatially closer to something

From this reading The puffing, panting engine that dragged the long train of heavy cars into the busy little city of Bradford, in the State of Pennsylvania, one day last summer, witnessed through its one white, staring eye, sometimes called the head-light, many happy meetings between waiting and coming friends; but none was more hearty than that between two college mates--one who had graduated the year previous, and the other who hoped to carry off the honors at the close of the next term.

concludedadjectiveUS /kənˈkluːdəd/

having come or been brought to a conclusion

From this reading "It was thoughtless in me, old fellow, not to have sent you word when I concluded to remain at home two days longer, but the fact of the matter is that I did not think you would be at the depot to meet me, but would let me hunt you up, for I suppose you do have some kind of an office."

daynounUS /deɪ/

time for Earth to make a complete rotation on its axis

From this reading The puffing, panting engine that dragged the long train of heavy cars into the busy little city of Bradford, in the State of Pennsylvania, one day last summer, witnessed through its one white, staring eye, sometimes called the head-light, many happy meetings between waiting and coming friends; but none was more hearty than that between two college mates--one who had graduated the year previous, and the other who hoped to carry off the honors at the close of the next term.

daysnounUS /deɪz/

the time during which someone's life continues

From this reading "It was thoughtless in me, old fellow, not to have sent you word when I concluded to remain at home two days longer, but the fact of the matter is that I did not think you would be at the depot to meet me, but would let me hunt you up, for I suppose you do have some kind of an office."

deferredverbUS /dɪˈfɜːrd/

inflected form of “defer” — hold back to a later time

From this reading "In this case, if the hope had been much longer deferred, the heart would indeed have been sick."

depotnounUS /ˈdiːpoʊ/

station where transport vehicles load or unload passengers or goods

From this reading "It was thoughtless in me, old fellow, not to have sent you word when I concluded to remain at home two days longer, but the fact of the matter is that I did not think you would be at the depot to meet me, but would let me hunt you up, for I suppose you do have some kind of an office."

didauxiliary verbUS /dɪd/

the past form of “do”, used in questions and negatives

From this reading "It was thoughtless in me, old fellow, not to have sent you word when I concluded to remain at home two days longer, but the fact of the matter is that I did not think you would be at the depot to meet me, but would let me hunt you up, for I suppose you do have some kind of an office."

doauxiliary verbUS /duː/

used to form questions and negatives, and to give emphasis

From this reading "It was thoughtless in me, old fellow, not to have sent you word when I concluded to remain at home two days longer, but the fact of the matter is that I did not think you would be at the depot to meet me, but would let me hunt you up, for I suppose you do have some kind of an office."

draggedverbUS /dræɡd/

inflected form of “drag” — pull, as against a resistance

From this reading The puffing, panting engine that dragged the long train of heavy cars into the busy little city of Bradford, in the State of Pennsylvania, one day last summer, witnessed through its one white, staring eye, sometimes called the head-light, many happy meetings between waiting and coming friends; but none was more hearty than that between two college mates--one who had graduated the year previous, and the other who hoped to carry off the honors at the close of the next term.

enginenounUS /ˈendʒən/

motor that converts thermal energy to mechanical work

From this reading The puffing, panting engine that dragged the long train of heavy cars into the busy little city of Bradford, in the State of Pennsylvania, one day last summer, witnessed through its one white, staring eye, sometimes called the head-light, many happy meetings between waiting and coming friends; but none was more hearty than that between two college mates--one who had graduated the year previous, and the other who hoped to carry off the honors at the close of the next term.

exclaimedverbUS /ɪkˈskleɪmd/

past form of “exclaim” — utter aloud; often with surprise, horror, or joy

From this reading "Here at last!" exclaimed George Harnett, as he met his old chum with a hearty clasp of the hand.

eyenounUS /aɪ/

the organ of sight

From this reading The puffing, panting engine that dragged the long train of heavy cars into the busy little city of Bradford, in the State of Pennsylvania, one day last summer, witnessed through its one white, staring eye, sometimes called the head-light, many happy meetings between waiting and coming friends; but none was more hearty than that between two college mates--one who had graduated the year previous, and the other who hoped to carry off the honors at the close of the next term.

factnounUS /fækt/

a piece of information about circumstances that exist or events that have occurred

From this reading "It was thoughtless in me, old fellow, not to have sent you word when I concluded to remain at home two days longer, but the fact of the matter is that I did not think you would be at the depot to meet me, but would let me hunt you up, for I suppose you do have some kind of an office."

fellownounUS /ˈfeloʊ/

a boy or man

From this reading "It was thoughtless in me, old fellow, not to have sent you word when I concluded to remain at home two days longer, but the fact of the matter is that I did not think you would be at the depot to meet me, but would let me hunt you up, for I suppose you do have some kind of an office."

forprepositionUS /fɔːr/

intended to be given to, or used by, somebody

From this reading "It was thoughtless in me, old fellow, not to have sent you word when I concluded to remain at home two days longer, but the fact of the matter is that I did not think you would be at the depot to meet me, but would let me hunt you up, for I suppose you do have some kind of an office."

friendsnounUS /frendz/

plural of “friend” — a person you know well and regard with affection and trust

From this reading The puffing, panting engine that dragged the long train of heavy cars into the busy little city of Bradford, in the State of Pennsylvania, one day last summer, witnessed through its one white, staring eye, sometimes called the head-light, many happy meetings between waiting and coming friends; but none was more hearty than that between two college mates--one who had graduated the year previous, and the other who hoped to carry off the honors at the close of the next term.

GeorgenounUS /dʒɔːrdʒ/

Christian martyr; patron saint of England; hero of the legend of Saint George and the Dragon in which he slew a dragon and saved a princess (?-303)

From this reading "Here at last!" exclaimed George Harnett, as he met his old chum with a hearty clasp of the hand.

graduatedadjectiveUS /ˈɡrædʒuːeɪtɪd/

marked with or divided into degrees

From this reading The puffing, panting engine that dragged the long train of heavy cars into the busy little city of Bradford, in the State of Pennsylvania, one day last summer, witnessed through its one white, staring eye, sometimes called the head-light, many happy meetings between waiting and coming friends; but none was more hearty than that between two college mates--one who had graduated the year previous, and the other who hoped to carry off the honors at the close of the next term.

hadauxiliary verbUS /hæd/

the past form of “have”, used to form the past perfect

From this reading The puffing, panting engine that dragged the long train of heavy cars into the busy little city of Bradford, in the State of Pennsylvania, one day last summer, witnessed through its one white, staring eye, sometimes called the head-light, many happy meetings between waiting and coming friends; but none was more hearty than that between two college mates--one who had graduated the year previous, and the other who hoped to carry off the honors at the close of the next term.

handnounUS /hænd/

the (prehensile) extremity of the superior limb

From this reading "Here at last!" exclaimed George Harnett, as he met his old chum with a hearty clasp of the hand.

happyadjectiveUS /ˈhæpi/

enjoying or showing or marked by joy or pleasure

From this reading The puffing, panting engine that dragged the long train of heavy cars into the busy little city of Bradford, in the State of Pennsylvania, one day last summer, witnessed through its one white, staring eye, sometimes called the head-light, many happy meetings between waiting and coming friends; but none was more hearty than that between two college mates--one who had graduated the year previous, and the other who hoped to carry off the honors at the close of the next term.

Harnett

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading "Here at last!" exclaimed George Harnett, as he met his old chum with a hearty clasp of the hand.

haveauxiliary verbUS /hæv/

used with a past participle to form the perfect tenses

From this reading "In this case, if the hope had been much longer deferred, the heart would indeed have been sick."

hepronounUS /hiː/

a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading "Here at last!" exclaimed George Harnett, as he met his old chum with a hearty clasp of the hand.

head-light

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The puffing, panting engine that dragged the long train of heavy cars into the busy little city of Bradford, in the State of Pennsylvania, one day last summer, witnessed through its one white, staring eye, sometimes called the head-light, many happy meetings between waiting and coming friends; but none was more hearty than that between two college mates--one who had graduated the year previous, and the other who hoped to carry off the honors at the close of the next term.

heartnounUS /hɑːrt/

the locus of feelings and intuitions

From this reading "In this case, if the hope had been much longer deferred, the heart would indeed have been sick."

heartyadjectiveUS /ˈhɑːrti/

showing warm and heartfelt friendliness

From this reading The puffing, panting engine that dragged the long train of heavy cars into the busy little city of Bradford, in the State of Pennsylvania, one day last summer, witnessed through its one white, staring eye, sometimes called the head-light, many happy meetings between waiting and coming friends; but none was more hearty than that between two college mates--one who had graduated the year previous, and the other who hoped to carry off the honors at the close of the next term.

heavyadjectiveUS /ˈhevi/

of comparatively great physical weight or density

From this reading The puffing, panting engine that dragged the long train of heavy cars into the busy little city of Bradford, in the State of Pennsylvania, one day last summer, witnessed through its one white, staring eye, sometimes called the head-light, many happy meetings between waiting and coming friends; but none was more hearty than that between two college mates--one who had graduated the year previous, and the other who hoped to carry off the honors at the close of the next term.

HereadverbUS /hiːr/

in or at this place; where the speaker or writer is

From this reading "Here at last!" exclaimed George Harnett, as he met his old chum with a hearty clasp of the hand.

hisdeterminerUS /hɪz/

belonging to a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned

From this reading "Here at last!" exclaimed George Harnett, as he met his old chum with a hearty clasp of the hand.

homenounUS /hoʊm/

where you live at a particular time

From this reading "It was thoughtless in me, old fellow, not to have sent you word when I concluded to remain at home two days longer, but the fact of the matter is that I did not think you would be at the depot to meet me, but would let me hunt you up, for I suppose you do have some kind of an office."

honorsnounUS /ˈɑːnərz/

plural of “honor” — a tangible symbol signifying approval or distinction

From this reading The puffing, panting engine that dragged the long train of heavy cars into the busy little city of Bradford, in the State of Pennsylvania, one day last summer, witnessed through its one white, staring eye, sometimes called the head-light, many happy meetings between waiting and coming friends; but none was more hearty than that between two college mates--one who had graduated the year previous, and the other who hoped to carry off the honors at the close of the next term.

hopenounUS /hoʊp/

a specific instance of feeling hopeful

From this reading "In this case, if the hope had been much longer deferred, the heart would indeed have been sick."

hopedverbUS /hoʊpt/

past form of “hope” — expect and wish

From this reading The puffing, panting engine that dragged the long train of heavy cars into the busy little city of Bradford, in the State of Pennsylvania, one day last summer, witnessed through its one white, staring eye, sometimes called the head-light, many happy meetings between waiting and coming friends; but none was more hearty than that between two college mates--one who had graduated the year previous, and the other who hoped to carry off the honors at the close of the next term.

huntverbUS /hʌnt/

pursue for food or sport (as of wild animals)

From this reading "It was thoughtless in me, old fellow, not to have sent you word when I concluded to remain at home two days longer, but the fact of the matter is that I did not think you would be at the depot to meet me, but would let me hunt you up, for I suppose you do have some kind of an office."

IpronounUS /aɪ/

the person speaking or writing, as the subject of the verb

From this reading "It was thoughtless in me, old fellow, not to have sent you word when I concluded to remain at home two days longer, but the fact of the matter is that I did not think you would be at the depot to meet me, but would let me hunt you up, for I suppose you do have some kind of an office."

ifconjunctionUS /ɪf/

on condition that; in the event that

From this reading "In this case, if the hope had been much longer deferred, the heart would indeed have been sick."

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading The puffing, panting engine that dragged the long train of heavy cars into the busy little city of Bradford, in the State of Pennsylvania, one day last summer, witnessed through its one white, staring eye, sometimes called the head-light, many happy meetings between waiting and coming friends; but none was more hearty than that between two college mates--one who had graduated the year previous, and the other who hoped to carry off the honors at the close of the next term.

indeedadverbUS /ˌɪnˈdiːd/

in truth (often tends to intensify)

From this reading "In this case, if the hope had been much longer deferred, the heart would indeed have been sick."

intoprepositionUS /ˈɪntuː/

moving to the inside of something

From this reading The puffing, panting engine that dragged the long train of heavy cars into the busy little city of Bradford, in the State of Pennsylvania, one day last summer, witnessed through its one white, staring eye, sometimes called the head-light, many happy meetings between waiting and coming friends; but none was more hearty than that between two college mates--one who had graduated the year previous, and the other who hoped to carry off the honors at the close of the next term.

isauxiliary verbUS /ɪz/

the form of “be” used with he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading "It was thoughtless in me, old fellow, not to have sent you word when I concluded to remain at home two days longer, but the fact of the matter is that I did not think you would be at the depot to meet me, but would let me hunt you up, for I suppose you do have some kind of an office."

ItpronounUS /ɪt/

a thing, animal, or idea already mentioned

From this reading "It was thoughtless in me, old fellow, not to have sent you word when I concluded to remain at home two days longer, but the fact of the matter is that I did not think you would be at the depot to meet me, but would let me hunt you up, for I suppose you do have some kind of an office."

itsdeterminerUS /ɪts/

belonging to the thing or animal already mentioned

From this reading The puffing, panting engine that dragged the long train of heavy cars into the busy little city of Bradford, in the State of Pennsylvania, one day last summer, witnessed through its one white, staring eye, sometimes called the head-light, many happy meetings between waiting and coming friends; but none was more hearty than that between two college mates--one who had graduated the year previous, and the other who hoped to carry off the honors at the close of the next term.

kindadjectiveUS /kaɪnd/

having or showing a tender and considerate and helpful nature; used especially of persons and their behavior

From this reading "It was thoughtless in me, old fellow, not to have sent you word when I concluded to remain at home two days longer, but the fact of the matter is that I did not think you would be at the depot to meet me, but would let me hunt you up, for I suppose you do have some kind of an office."

lastadjectiveUS /læst/

immediately past

From this reading The puffing, panting engine that dragged the long train of heavy cars into the busy little city of Bradford, in the State of Pennsylvania, one day last summer, witnessed through its one white, staring eye, sometimes called the head-light, many happy meetings between waiting and coming friends; but none was more hearty than that between two college mates--one who had graduated the year previous, and the other who hoped to carry off the honors at the close of the next term.

letauxiliary verbUS /let/

used to make a suggestion or a command including the speaker

From this reading "It was thoughtless in me, old fellow, not to have sent you word when I concluded to remain at home two days longer, but the fact of the matter is that I did not think you would be at the depot to meet me, but would let me hunt you up, for I suppose you do have some kind of an office."

littleadjectiveUS /ˈlɪtəl/

limited or below average in number or quantity or magnitude or extent

From this reading The puffing, panting engine that dragged the long train of heavy cars into the busy little city of Bradford, in the State of Pennsylvania, one day last summer, witnessed through its one white, staring eye, sometimes called the head-light, many happy meetings between waiting and coming friends; but none was more hearty than that between two college mates--one who had graduated the year previous, and the other who hoped to carry off the honors at the close of the next term.

longadjectiveUS /lɔːŋ/

primarily temporal sense; being or indicating a relatively great or greater than average duration or passage of time or a duration as specified

From this reading The puffing, panting engine that dragged the long train of heavy cars into the busy little city of Bradford, in the State of Pennsylvania, one day last summer, witnessed through its one white, staring eye, sometimes called the head-light, many happy meetings between waiting and coming friends; but none was more hearty than that between two college mates--one who had graduated the year previous, and the other who hoped to carry off the honors at the close of the next term.

longeradverbUS /ˈlɔːŋɡər/

for more time

From this reading "In this case, if the hope had been much longer deferred, the heart would indeed have been sick."

manyadjectiveUS /ˈmeni/

a quantifier that can be used with count nouns and is often preceded by “as” or “too” or “so” or “that”; amounting to a large but indefinite number

From this reading The puffing, panting engine that dragged the long train of heavy cars into the busy little city of Bradford, in the State of Pennsylvania, one day last summer, witnessed through its one white, staring eye, sometimes called the head-light, many happy meetings between waiting and coming friends; but none was more hearty than that between two college mates--one who had graduated the year previous, and the other who hoped to carry off the honors at the close of the next term.

matesnounUS /meɪts/

a pair of people who live together

From this reading The puffing, panting engine that dragged the long train of heavy cars into the busy little city of Bradford, in the State of Pennsylvania, one day last summer, witnessed through its one white, staring eye, sometimes called the head-light, many happy meetings between waiting and coming friends; but none was more hearty than that between two college mates--one who had graduated the year previous, and the other who hoped to carry off the honors at the close of the next term.

matternounUS /ˈmætər/

a vaguely specified concern

From this reading "It was thoughtless in me, old fellow, not to have sent you word when I concluded to remain at home two days longer, but the fact of the matter is that I did not think you would be at the depot to meet me, but would let me hunt you up, for I suppose you do have some kind of an office."

mepronounUS /miː/

the person speaking, as the object of a verb or preposition

From this reading "It was thoughtless in me, old fellow, not to have sent you word when I concluded to remain at home two days longer, but the fact of the matter is that I did not think you would be at the depot to meet me, but would let me hunt you up, for I suppose you do have some kind of an office."

meetverbUS /miːt/

come together

From this reading "It was thoughtless in me, old fellow, not to have sent you word when I concluded to remain at home two days longer, but the fact of the matter is that I did not think you would be at the depot to meet me, but would let me hunt you up, for I suppose you do have some kind of an office."

meetingsnounUS /ˈmiːtɪŋz/

plural of “meeting” — a formally arranged gathering

From this reading The puffing, panting engine that dragged the long train of heavy cars into the busy little city of Bradford, in the State of Pennsylvania, one day last summer, witnessed through its one white, staring eye, sometimes called the head-light, many happy meetings between waiting and coming friends; but none was more hearty than that between two college mates--one who had graduated the year previous, and the other who hoped to carry off the honors at the close of the next term.

metverbUS /met/

inflected form of “meet” — come together

From this reading "Here at last!" exclaimed George Harnett, as he met his old chum with a hearty clasp of the hand.

moreadjectiveUS /mɔːr/

(comparative of “much” used with mass nouns) a quantifier meaning greater in size or amount or extent or degree

From this reading The puffing, panting engine that dragged the long train of heavy cars into the busy little city of Bradford, in the State of Pennsylvania, one day last summer, witnessed through its one white, staring eye, sometimes called the head-light, many happy meetings between waiting and coming friends; but none was more hearty than that between two college mates--one who had graduated the year previous, and the other who hoped to carry off the honors at the close of the next term.

muchadverbUS /mʌtʃ/

to a great degree or extent

From this reading "In this case, if the hope had been much longer deferred, the heart would indeed have been sick."

nextadjectiveUS /nekst/

immediately following in time or order

From this reading The puffing, panting engine that dragged the long train of heavy cars into the busy little city of Bradford, in the State of Pennsylvania, one day last summer, witnessed through its one white, staring eye, sometimes called the head-light, many happy meetings between waiting and coming friends; but none was more hearty than that between two college mates--one who had graduated the year previous, and the other who hoped to carry off the honors at the close of the next term.

nonepronounUS /nʌn/

not one, and not any

From this reading The puffing, panting engine that dragged the long train of heavy cars into the busy little city of Bradford, in the State of Pennsylvania, one day last summer, witnessed through its one white, staring eye, sometimes called the head-light, many happy meetings between waiting and coming friends; but none was more hearty than that between two college mates--one who had graduated the year previous, and the other who hoped to carry off the honors at the close of the next term.

notadverbUS /nɑːt/

used to make a word, phrase, or sentence negative

From this reading "It was thoughtless in me, old fellow, not to have sent you word when I concluded to remain at home two days longer, but the fact of the matter is that I did not think you would be at the depot to meet me, but would let me hunt you up, for I suppose you do have some kind of an office."

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading The puffing, panting engine that dragged the long train of heavy cars into the busy little city of Bradford, in the State of Pennsylvania, one day last summer, witnessed through its one white, staring eye, sometimes called the head-light, many happy meetings between waiting and coming friends; but none was more hearty than that between two college mates--one who had graduated the year previous, and the other who hoped to carry off the honors at the close of the next term.

offadverbUS /ɔːf/

from a particular thing or place or position (“forth” is obsolete)

From this reading The puffing, panting engine that dragged the long train of heavy cars into the busy little city of Bradford, in the State of Pennsylvania, one day last summer, witnessed through its one white, staring eye, sometimes called the head-light, many happy meetings between waiting and coming friends; but none was more hearty than that between two college mates--one who had graduated the year previous, and the other who hoped to carry off the honors at the close of the next term.

officenounUS /ˈɔːfɪs/

place of business where professional or clerical duties are performed

From this reading "It was thoughtless in me, old fellow, not to have sent you word when I concluded to remain at home two days longer, but the fact of the matter is that I did not think you would be at the depot to meet me, but would let me hunt you up, for I suppose you do have some kind of an office."

oldadjectiveUS /oʊld/

(used especially of persons) having lived for a relatively long time or attained a specific age

From this reading "Here at last!" exclaimed George Harnett, as he met his old chum with a hearty clasp of the hand.

onepronounUS /wʌn/

used to mean any person in general, including the speaker

From this reading The puffing, panting engine that dragged the long train of heavy cars into the busy little city of Bradford, in the State of Pennsylvania, one day last summer, witnessed through its one white, staring eye, sometimes called the head-light, many happy meetings between waiting and coming friends; but none was more hearty than that between two college mates--one who had graduated the year previous, and the other who hoped to carry off the honors at the close of the next term.

otheradjectiveUS /ˈʌðər/

not the same one or ones already mentioned or implied

From this reading The puffing, panting engine that dragged the long train of heavy cars into the busy little city of Bradford, in the State of Pennsylvania, one day last summer, witnessed through its one white, staring eye, sometimes called the head-light, many happy meetings between waiting and coming friends; but none was more hearty than that between two college mates--one who had graduated the year previous, and the other who hoped to carry off the honors at the close of the next term.

pantingnounUS /ˈpæntɪŋ/

breathing heavily (as after exertion)

From this reading The puffing, panting engine that dragged the long train of heavy cars into the busy little city of Bradford, in the State of Pennsylvania, one day last summer, witnessed through its one white, staring eye, sometimes called the head-light, many happy meetings between waiting and coming friends; but none was more hearty than that between two college mates--one who had graduated the year previous, and the other who hoped to carry off the honors at the close of the next term.

PennsylvanianounUS /ˌpensəlˈveɪnjə/

a Mid-Atlantic state; one of the original 13 colonies

From this reading The puffing, panting engine that dragged the long train of heavy cars into the busy little city of Bradford, in the State of Pennsylvania, one day last summer, witnessed through its one white, staring eye, sometimes called the head-light, many happy meetings between waiting and coming friends; but none was more hearty than that between two college mates--one who had graduated the year previous, and the other who hoped to carry off the honors at the close of the next term.

previousadjectiveUS /ˈpriːviəs/

just preceding something else in time or order

From this reading The puffing, panting engine that dragged the long train of heavy cars into the busy little city of Bradford, in the State of Pennsylvania, one day last summer, witnessed through its one white, staring eye, sometimes called the head-light, many happy meetings between waiting and coming friends; but none was more hearty than that between two college mates--one who had graduated the year previous, and the other who hoped to carry off the honors at the close of the next term.

puffingnounUS /ˈpʌfɪŋ/

blowing tobacco smoke out into the air

From this reading The puffing, panting engine that dragged the long train of heavy cars into the busy little city of Bradford, in the State of Pennsylvania, one day last summer, witnessed through its one white, staring eye, sometimes called the head-light, many happy meetings between waiting and coming friends; but none was more hearty than that between two college mates--one who had graduated the year previous, and the other who hoped to carry off the honors at the close of the next term.

remainverbUS /rɪˈmeɪn/

stay the same; remain in a certain state

From this reading "It was thoughtless in me, old fellow, not to have sent you word when I concluded to remain at home two days longer, but the fact of the matter is that I did not think you would be at the depot to meet me, but would let me hunt you up, for I suppose you do have some kind of an office."

sentnounUS /sent/

100 senti equal 1 kroon in Estonia

From this reading "It was thoughtless in me, old fellow, not to have sent you word when I concluded to remain at home two days longer, but the fact of the matter is that I did not think you would be at the depot to meet me, but would let me hunt you up, for I suppose you do have some kind of an office."

sickadjectiveUS /sɪk/

affected by an impairment of normal physical or mental function

From this reading "In this case, if the hope had been much longer deferred, the heart would indeed have been sick."

someadjectiveUS /sʌm/

(quantifier) used with either mass nouns or plural count nouns to indicate an unspecified number or quantity

From this reading "It was thoughtless in me, old fellow, not to have sent you word when I concluded to remain at home two days longer, but the fact of the matter is that I did not think you would be at the depot to meet me, but would let me hunt you up, for I suppose you do have some kind of an office."

sometimesadverbUS /səmˈtaɪmz/

on certain occasions or in certain cases but not always

From this reading The puffing, panting engine that dragged the long train of heavy cars into the busy little city of Bradford, in the State of Pennsylvania, one day last summer, witnessed through its one white, staring eye, sometimes called the head-light, many happy meetings between waiting and coming friends; but none was more hearty than that between two college mates--one who had graduated the year previous, and the other who hoped to carry off the honors at the close of the next term.

staringadjectiveUS /ˈsterɪŋ/

(used of eyes) open and fixed as if in fear or wonder

From this reading The puffing, panting engine that dragged the long train of heavy cars into the busy little city of Bradford, in the State of Pennsylvania, one day last summer, witnessed through its one white, staring eye, sometimes called the head-light, many happy meetings between waiting and coming friends; but none was more hearty than that between two college mates--one who had graduated the year previous, and the other who hoped to carry off the honors at the close of the next term.

StatenounUS /steɪt/

the territory occupied by one of the constituent administrative districts of a nation

From this reading The puffing, panting engine that dragged the long train of heavy cars into the busy little city of Bradford, in the State of Pennsylvania, one day last summer, witnessed through its one white, staring eye, sometimes called the head-light, many happy meetings between waiting and coming friends; but none was more hearty than that between two college mates--one who had graduated the year previous, and the other who hoped to carry off the honors at the close of the next term.

summernounUS /ˈsʌmər/

the warmest season of the year; in the northern hemisphere it extends from the summer solstice to the autumnal equinox

From this reading The puffing, panting engine that dragged the long train of heavy cars into the busy little city of Bradford, in the State of Pennsylvania, one day last summer, witnessed through its one white, staring eye, sometimes called the head-light, many happy meetings between waiting and coming friends; but none was more hearty than that between two college mates--one who had graduated the year previous, and the other who hoped to carry off the honors at the close of the next term.

supposeverbUS /səˈpoʊz/

express a supposition

From this reading "It was thoughtless in me, old fellow, not to have sent you word when I concluded to remain at home two days longer, but the fact of the matter is that I did not think you would be at the depot to meet me, but would let me hunt you up, for I suppose you do have some kind of an office."

termnounUS /tɜːrm/

a word or expression used for some particular thing

From this reading The puffing, panting engine that dragged the long train of heavy cars into the busy little city of Bradford, in the State of Pennsylvania, one day last summer, witnessed through its one white, staring eye, sometimes called the head-light, many happy meetings between waiting and coming friends; but none was more hearty than that between two college mates--one who had graduated the year previous, and the other who hoped to carry off the honors at the close of the next term.

thanconjunctionUS /ðæn/

used to introduce the second part of a comparison

From this reading The puffing, panting engine that dragged the long train of heavy cars into the busy little city of Bradford, in the State of Pennsylvania, one day last summer, witnessed through its one white, staring eye, sometimes called the head-light, many happy meetings between waiting and coming friends; but none was more hearty than that between two college mates--one who had graduated the year previous, and the other who hoped to carry off the honors at the close of the next term.

thatconjunctionUS /ðæt/

used to introduce what somebody said, thought, or felt

From this reading The puffing, panting engine that dragged the long train of heavy cars into the busy little city of Bradford, in the State of Pennsylvania, one day last summer, witnessed through its one white, staring eye, sometimes called the head-light, many happy meetings between waiting and coming friends; but none was more hearty than that between two college mates--one who had graduated the year previous, and the other who hoped to carry off the honors at the close of the next term.

THEdeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading THE "CHUMS."

thinkverbUS /θɪŋk/

judge or regard; look upon; judge

From this reading "It was thoughtless in me, old fellow, not to have sent you word when I concluded to remain at home two days longer, but the fact of the matter is that I did not think you would be at the depot to meet me, but would let me hunt you up, for I suppose you do have some kind of an office."

thisdeterminerUS /ðɪs/

used for a person or thing that is near, or that has just been mentioned

From this reading "In this case, if the hope had been much longer deferred, the heart would indeed have been sick."

thoughtlessadjectiveUS /ˈθɔːtləs/

showing lack of careful thought

From this reading "It was thoughtless in me, old fellow, not to have sent you word when I concluded to remain at home two days longer, but the fact of the matter is that I did not think you would be at the depot to meet me, but would let me hunt you up, for I suppose you do have some kind of an office."

throughprepositionUS /θruː/

from one end or side of something to the other

From this reading The puffing, panting engine that dragged the long train of heavy cars into the busy little city of Bradford, in the State of Pennsylvania, one day last summer, witnessed through its one white, staring eye, sometimes called the head-light, many happy meetings between waiting and coming friends; but none was more hearty than that between two college mates--one who had graduated the year previous, and the other who hoped to carry off the honors at the close of the next term.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading The puffing, panting engine that dragged the long train of heavy cars into the busy little city of Bradford, in the State of Pennsylvania, one day last summer, witnessed through its one white, staring eye, sometimes called the head-light, many happy meetings between waiting and coming friends; but none was more hearty than that between two college mates--one who had graduated the year previous, and the other who hoped to carry off the honors at the close of the next term.

trainverbUS /treɪn/

create by training and teaching

From this reading The puffing, panting engine that dragged the long train of heavy cars into the busy little city of Bradford, in the State of Pennsylvania, one day last summer, witnessed through its one white, staring eye, sometimes called the head-light, many happy meetings between waiting and coming friends; but none was more hearty than that between two college mates--one who had graduated the year previous, and the other who hoped to carry off the honors at the close of the next term.

twonounUS /tuː/

the cardinal number that is the sum of one and one or a numeral representing this number

From this reading The puffing, panting engine that dragged the long train of heavy cars into the busy little city of Bradford, in the State of Pennsylvania, one day last summer, witnessed through its one white, staring eye, sometimes called the head-light, many happy meetings between waiting and coming friends; but none was more hearty than that between two college mates--one who had graduated the year previous, and the other who hoped to carry off the honors at the close of the next term.

upadjectiveUS /ʌp/

being or moving higher in position or greater in some value; being above a former position or level

From this reading "It was thoughtless in me, old fellow, not to have sent you word when I concluded to remain at home two days longer, but the fact of the matter is that I did not think you would be at the depot to meet me, but would let me hunt you up, for I suppose you do have some kind of an office."

waitingnounUS /ˈweɪtɪŋ/

the act of waiting (remaining inactive in one place while expecting something)

From this reading The puffing, panting engine that dragged the long train of heavy cars into the busy little city of Bradford, in the State of Pennsylvania, one day last summer, witnessed through its one white, staring eye, sometimes called the head-light, many happy meetings between waiting and coming friends; but none was more hearty than that between two college mates--one who had graduated the year previous, and the other who hoped to carry off the honors at the close of the next term.

wasauxiliary verbUS /wɑːz/

the past form of “be” used with I, he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading The puffing, panting engine that dragged the long train of heavy cars into the busy little city of Bradford, in the State of Pennsylvania, one day last summer, witnessed through its one white, staring eye, sometimes called the head-light, many happy meetings between waiting and coming friends; but none was more hearty than that between two college mates--one who had graduated the year previous, and the other who hoped to carry off the honors at the close of the next term.

whenconjunctionUS /wen/

at the time that

From this reading "It was thoughtless in me, old fellow, not to have sent you word when I concluded to remain at home two days longer, but the fact of the matter is that I did not think you would be at the depot to meet me, but would let me hunt you up, for I suppose you do have some kind of an office."

whitenounUS /waɪt/

a Caucasian

From this reading The puffing, panting engine that dragged the long train of heavy cars into the busy little city of Bradford, in the State of Pennsylvania, one day last summer, witnessed through its one white, staring eye, sometimes called the head-light, many happy meetings between waiting and coming friends; but none was more hearty than that between two college mates--one who had graduated the year previous, and the other who hoped to carry off the honors at the close of the next term.

whopronounUS /huː/

which person or people

From this reading The puffing, panting engine that dragged the long train of heavy cars into the busy little city of Bradford, in the State of Pennsylvania, one day last summer, witnessed through its one white, staring eye, sometimes called the head-light, many happy meetings between waiting and coming friends; but none was more hearty than that between two college mates--one who had graduated the year previous, and the other who hoped to carry off the honors at the close of the next term.

withprepositionUS /wɪð/

in the company of; together with

From this reading "Here at last!" exclaimed George Harnett, as he met his old chum with a hearty clasp of the hand.

witnessedverbUS /ˈwɪtnəst/

past form of “witness” — be a witness to

From this reading The puffing, panting engine that dragged the long train of heavy cars into the busy little city of Bradford, in the State of Pennsylvania, one day last summer, witnessed through its one white, staring eye, sometimes called the head-light, many happy meetings between waiting and coming friends; but none was more hearty than that between two college mates--one who had graduated the year previous, and the other who hoped to carry off the honors at the close of the next term.

wordnounUS /wɜːrd/

a unit of language that native speakers can identify

From this reading "It was thoughtless in me, old fellow, not to have sent you word when I concluded to remain at home two days longer, but the fact of the matter is that I did not think you would be at the depot to meet me, but would let me hunt you up, for I suppose you do have some kind of an office."

wouldmodal verbUS /wʊd/

used for something imagined, polite, or habitual in the past

From this reading "In this case, if the hope had been much longer deferred, the heart would indeed have been sick."

yearnounUS /jɪr/

a period of time containing 365 (or 366) days

From this reading The puffing, panting engine that dragged the long train of heavy cars into the busy little city of Bradford, in the State of Pennsylvania, one day last summer, witnessed through its one white, staring eye, sometimes called the head-light, many happy meetings between waiting and coming friends; but none was more hearty than that between two college mates--one who had graduated the year previous, and the other who hoped to carry off the honors at the close of the next term.

youpronounUS /juː/

the person or people being spoken to

From this reading "It was thoughtless in me, old fellow, not to have sent you word when I concluded to remain at home two days longer, but the fact of the matter is that I did not think you would be at the depot to meet me, but would let me hunt you up, for I suppose you do have some kind of an office."

Chapter 1 of Ralph Gurney's Oil Speculation by James Otis holds 71 sentences, grouped into 15 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 1 of Ralph Gurney's Oil Speculation contain?

Chapter 1 holds 71 sentences of Ralph Gurney's Oil Speculation, unabridged, divided into 15 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 1 of Ralph Gurney's Oil Speculation by James Otis exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 71 sentences, grouped into 15 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 1 of Ralph Gurney's Oil Speculation?

Work through the 15 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 15 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 1 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 1 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading Ralph Gurney's Oil Speculation

Common questions about reading Ralph Gurney's Oil Speculation by James Otis on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of Ralph Gurney's Oil Speculation?

Yes. All 2613 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #27984 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of Ralph Gurney's Oil Speculation is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #27984, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does Ralph Gurney's Oil Speculation take to read?

About 217 minutes of reading across 523 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

How to read Ralph Gurney's Oil Speculation section by section

How to work through Ralph Gurney's Oil Speculation section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.

  1. Open a chapter

    Choose one of the 35 chapters of Ralph Gurney's Oil Speculation to begin.

  2. Read one section

    Each section holds 5 sentences; read it once through.

  3. Listen and tap

    Play the section aloud, then tap any unfamiliar word for its entry.

Vocabulary met early in Ralph Gurney's Oil Speculation

Words and structures a reader meets early in Ralph Gurney's Oil Speculation, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Chums
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Ralph Gurney's Oil Speculation; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Puffing
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Ralph Gurney's Oil Speculation; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Panting
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Ralph Gurney's Oil Speculation; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Engine
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Ralph Gurney's Oil Speculation; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.