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Rebels and Reformers
Rebels and Reformers

Chapter VII

Chapter 7 of Rebels and Reformers is here in full — 416 sentences across 84 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

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Context Illustration Reading 1/83 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
D. P.
XI HENRY THOREAU 1817–1862 I never found the companion that was so companionable as solitude.
Henry David Thoreau was born in Concord, Massachusetts, July 12, 1817, and lived most of his life in or near his native town.
The world, if you were to ask it who Thoreau was, would probably say “a crank,” because he did not think and act in quite the same way as other people, and because he practised what he preached.
He never went to church or voted at elections, or drank wine or smoked tobacco, and he went to live alone in the woods.
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LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

Rebels and Reformers

Chapter VII

Chapter 7 of Rebels and Reformers is here in full — 416 sentences across 84 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/83 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
D. P.
/diː piː/
Line 2
XI HENRY THOREAU 1817–1862 I never found the companion that was so companionable as solitude.
Line 3
Henry David Thoreau was born in Concord, Massachusetts, July 12, 1817, and lived most of his life in or near his native town.
Line 4
The world, if you were to ask it who Thoreau was, would probably say “a crank,” because he did not think and act in quite the same way as other people, and because he practised what he preached.
/ðə wɜːrld ɪf juː wɜːr tuː æsk ɪt huː θərˈoʊ wɑːz wʊd ˈprɑːbəbliː seɪ ə kræŋk bɪˈkɔːz hiː dɪd nɑːt θɪŋk ənd ækt ɪn kwaɪt ðə seɪm weɪ æz ˈʌðər ˈpiːpəl ənd bɪˈkɔːz hiː ˈpræktɪst wʌt hiː priːtʃt/
Line 5
He never went to church or voted at elections, or drank wine or smoked tobacco, and he went to live alone in the woods.
/hiː ˈnevər went tuː tʃɜːrtʃ ɔːr ˈvoʊtɪd æt ɪˈlekʃənz ɔːr dræŋk waɪn ɔːr smoʊkt təˈbækoʊ ənd hiː went tuː laɪv əˈloʊn ɪn ðə wʊdz/

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

Concord noun US /ˈkɑːnkɔːrd/

capital of the state of New Hampshire; located in south central New Hampshire on the Merrimack river

From this reading “Henry David Thoreau was born in Concord, Massachusetts, July 12, 1817, and lived most of his life in or near his native town.”

crank verb US /kræŋk/

travel along a zigzag path

From this reading “The world, if you were to ask it who Thoreau was, would probably say “a crank,” because he did not think and act in quite the same way as other people, and because he practised what he preached.”

elections noun US /ɪˈlekʃənz/

plural of “election” — a vote to select the winner of a position or political office

From this reading “He never went to church or voted at elections, or drank wine or smoked tobacco, and he went to live alone in the woods.”

Massachusetts noun US /ˌmæsəˈtʃuːsəts/

a state in New England; one of the original 13 colonies

From this reading “Henry David Thoreau was born in Concord, Massachusetts, July 12, 1817, and lived most of his life in or near his native town.”

practised adjective US /ˈpræktɪst/

skillful after much practice

From this reading “The world, if you were to ask it who Thoreau was, would probably say “a crank,” because he did not think and act in quite the same way as other people, and because he practised what he preached.”

preached verb US /priːtʃt/

past form of “preach” — deliver a sermon

From this reading “The world, if you were to ask it who Thoreau was, would probably say “a crank,” because he did not think and act in quite the same way as other people, and because he practised what he preached.”

thoreau noun US /θərˈoʊ/

United States writer and social critic (1817-1862)

From this reading “XI HENRY THOREAU 1817–1862 I never found the companion that was so companionable as solitude.”

voted verb US /ˈvoʊtɪd/

past form of “vote” — express one's preference for a candidate or for a measure or resolution; cast a vote

From this reading “He never went to church or voted at elections, or drank wine or smoked tobacco, and he went to live alone in the woods.”

Word partnerships in these lines

English keeps certain words together, and knowing the pair is worth more than knowing each word alone. Every partnership below was counted across our whole published library, and earns its place by appearing far more often than two unrelated words of the same frequency would.

Shown as this reading writes them, with the form the library counts, what kind of pairing it is, and how often it occurs.

drank wine verb + noun counted as “drink wine”

In this reading “He never went to church or voted at elections, or drank wine or smoked tobacco, and he went to live alone in the woods.”

native town adjective + noun

In this reading “Henry David Thoreau was born in Concord, Massachusetts, July 12, 1817, and lived most of his life in or near his native town.”

other people adjective + noun

In this reading “The world, if you were to ask it who Thoreau was, would probably say “a crank,” because he did not think and act in quite the same way as other people, and because he practised what he preached.”

same way adjective + noun

In this reading “The world, if you were to ask it who Thoreau was, would probably say “a crank,” because he did not think and act in quite the same way as other people, and because he practised what he preached.”

live alone verb + adjective

In this reading “He never went to church or voted at elections, or drank wine or smoked tobacco, and he went to live alone in the woods.”

in the woods preposition + article + noun counted as “in … woods”

In this reading “He never went to church or voted at elections, or drank wine or smoked tobacco, and he went to live alone in the woods.”

All words in this reading · 74

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

12

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Henry David Thoreau was born in Concord, Massachusetts, July 12, 1817, and lived most of his life in or near his native town.

1817

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading XI HENRY THOREAU 1817–1862 I never found the companion that was so companionable as solitude.

1862

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading XI HENRY THOREAU 1817–1862 I never found the companion that was so companionable as solitude.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading The world, if you were to ask it who Thoreau was, would probably say “a crank,” because he did not think and act in quite the same way as other people, and because he practised what he preached.

actverbUS /ækt/

perform an action, or work out or perform (an action)

From this reading The world, if you were to ask it who Thoreau was, would probably say “a crank,” because he did not think and act in quite the same way as other people, and because he practised what he preached.

aloneadjectiveUS /əˈloʊn/

Having no one else present.

From this reading He never went to church or voted at elections, or drank wine or smoked tobacco, and he went to live alone in the woods.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading Henry David Thoreau was born in Concord, Massachusetts, July 12, 1817, and lived most of his life in or near his native town.

asconjunctionUS /æz/

at the same time that; because; in the way that

From this reading XI HENRY THOREAU 1817–1862 I never found the companion that was so companionable as solitude.

askverbUS /æsk/

make a request or demand for something to somebody

From this reading The world, if you were to ask it who Thoreau was, would probably say “a crank,” because he did not think and act in quite the same way as other people, and because he practised what he preached.

atprepositionUS /æt/

in or near a particular place or position

From this reading He never went to church or voted at elections, or drank wine or smoked tobacco, and he went to live alone in the woods.

becauseconjunctionUS /bɪˈkɔːz/

for the reason that

From this reading The world, if you were to ask it who Thoreau was, would probably say “a crank,” because he did not think and act in quite the same way as other people, and because he practised what he preached.

bornadjectiveUS /bɔːrn/

brought into existence

From this reading Henry David Thoreau was born in Concord, Massachusetts, July 12, 1817, and lived most of his life in or near his native town.

churchnounUS /tʃɜːrtʃ/

one of the groups of Christians who have their own beliefs and forms of worship

From this reading He never went to church or voted at elections, or drank wine or smoked tobacco, and he went to live alone in the woods.

companionnounUS /kəmˈpænjən/

a friend who is frequently in the company of another

From this reading XI HENRY THOREAU 1817–1862 I never found the companion that was so companionable as solitude.

companionableadjective

suggestive of companionship

From this reading XI HENRY THOREAU 1817–1862 I never found the companion that was so companionable as solitude.

ConcordnounUS /ˈkɑːnkɔːrd/

capital of the state of New Hampshire; located in south central New Hampshire on the Merrimack river

From this reading Henry David Thoreau was born in Concord, Massachusetts, July 12, 1817, and lived most of his life in or near his native town.

crankverbUS /kræŋk/

travel along a zigzag path

From this reading The world, if you were to ask it who Thoreau was, would probably say “a crank,” because he did not think and act in quite the same way as other people, and because he practised what he preached.

DnounUS /diː/

a fat-soluble vitamin that prevents rickets

From this reading D. P.

DavidnounUS /ˈdeɪvɪd/

patron saint of Wales (circa 520-600)

From this reading Henry David Thoreau was born in Concord, Massachusetts, July 12, 1817, and lived most of his life in or near his native town.

didauxiliary verbUS /dɪd/

the past form of “do”, used in questions and negatives

From this reading The world, if you were to ask it who Thoreau was, would probably say “a crank,” because he did not think and act in quite the same way as other people, and because he practised what he preached.

drankverbUS /dræŋk/

inflected form of “drink” — take in liquids

From this reading He never went to church or voted at elections, or drank wine or smoked tobacco, and he went to live alone in the woods.

electionsnounUS /ɪˈlekʃənz/

plural of “election” — a vote to select the winner of a position or political office

From this reading He never went to church or voted at elections, or drank wine or smoked tobacco, and he went to live alone in the woods.

foundverbUS /faʊnd/

set up or found

From this reading XI HENRY THOREAU 1817–1862 I never found the companion that was so companionable as solitude.

hepronounUS /hiː/

a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading The world, if you were to ask it who Thoreau was, would probably say “a crank,” because he did not think and act in quite the same way as other people, and because he practised what he preached.

HENRYnounUS /ˈhenri/

a unit of inductance in which an induced electromotive force of one volt is produced when the current is varied at the rate of one ampere per second

From this reading XI HENRY THOREAU 1817–1862 I never found the companion that was so companionable as solitude.

hisdeterminerUS /hɪz/

belonging to a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned

From this reading Henry David Thoreau was born in Concord, Massachusetts, July 12, 1817, and lived most of his life in or near his native town.

IpronounUS /aɪ/

the person speaking or writing, as the subject of the verb

From this reading XI HENRY THOREAU 1817–1862 I never found the companion that was so companionable as solitude.

ifconjunctionUS /ɪf/

on condition that; in the event that

From this reading The world, if you were to ask it who Thoreau was, would probably say “a crank,” because he did not think and act in quite the same way as other people, and because he practised what he preached.

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading Henry David Thoreau was born in Concord, Massachusetts, July 12, 1817, and lived most of his life in or near his native town.

itpronounUS /ɪt/

a thing, animal, or idea already mentioned

From this reading The world, if you were to ask it who Thoreau was, would probably say “a crank,” because he did not think and act in quite the same way as other people, and because he practised what he preached.

JulynounUS /ˌdʒuːˈlaɪ/

the month following June and preceding August

From this reading Henry David Thoreau was born in Concord, Massachusetts, July 12, 1817, and lived most of his life in or near his native town.

lifenounUS /laɪf/

a characteristic state or mode of living

From this reading Henry David Thoreau was born in Concord, Massachusetts, July 12, 1817, and lived most of his life in or near his native town.

liveverbUS /laɪv/

be an inhabitant of or reside in

From this reading He never went to church or voted at elections, or drank wine or smoked tobacco, and he went to live alone in the woods.

livedverbUS /lɪvd/

past form of “live” — be an inhabitant of or reside in

From this reading Henry David Thoreau was born in Concord, Massachusetts, July 12, 1817, and lived most of his life in or near his native town.

MassachusettsnounUS /ˌmæsəˈtʃuːsəts/

a state in New England; one of the original 13 colonies

From this reading Henry David Thoreau was born in Concord, Massachusetts, July 12, 1817, and lived most of his life in or near his native town.

mostadverbUS /moʊst/

used to form the superlative

From this reading Henry David Thoreau was born in Concord, Massachusetts, July 12, 1817, and lived most of his life in or near his native town.

nativeadjectiveUS /ˈneɪtɪv/

characteristic of or existing by virtue of geographic origin

From this reading Henry David Thoreau was born in Concord, Massachusetts, July 12, 1817, and lived most of his life in or near his native town.

nearadverbUS /nɪr/

near in time or place or relationship

From this reading Henry David Thoreau was born in Concord, Massachusetts, July 12, 1817, and lived most of his life in or near his native town.

neveradverbUS /ˈnevər/

not ever; at no time in the past or future

From this reading XI HENRY THOREAU 1817–1862 I never found the companion that was so companionable as solitude.

notadverbUS /nɑːt/

used to make a word, phrase, or sentence negative

From this reading The world, if you were to ask it who Thoreau was, would probably say “a crank,” because he did not think and act in quite the same way as other people, and because he practised what he preached.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading Henry David Thoreau was born in Concord, Massachusetts, July 12, 1817, and lived most of his life in or near his native town.

orconjunctionUS /ɔːr/

used to join alternatives or possibilities

From this reading Henry David Thoreau was born in Concord, Massachusetts, July 12, 1817, and lived most of his life in or near his native town.

otheradjectiveUS /ˈʌðər/

not the same one or ones already mentioned or implied

From this reading The world, if you were to ask it who Thoreau was, would probably say “a crank,” because he did not think and act in quite the same way as other people, and because he practised what he preached.

PnounUS /piː/

a multivalent nonmetallic element of the nitrogen family that occurs commonly in inorganic phosphate rocks and as organic phosphates in all living cells; is highly reactive and occurs in several allotropic forms

From this reading D. P.

peoplenounUS /ˈpiːpəl/

(plural) any group of human beings (men or women or children) collectively

From this reading The world, if you were to ask it who Thoreau was, would probably say “a crank,” because he did not think and act in quite the same way as other people, and because he practised what he preached.

practisedadjectiveUS /ˈpræktɪst/

skillful after much practice

From this reading The world, if you were to ask it who Thoreau was, would probably say “a crank,” because he did not think and act in quite the same way as other people, and because he practised what he preached.

preachedverbUS /priːtʃt/

past form of “preach” — deliver a sermon

From this reading The world, if you were to ask it who Thoreau was, would probably say “a crank,” because he did not think and act in quite the same way as other people, and because he practised what he preached.

probablyadverbUS /ˈprɑːbəbliː/

with considerable certainty; without much doubt

From this reading The world, if you were to ask it who Thoreau was, would probably say “a crank,” because he did not think and act in quite the same way as other people, and because he practised what he preached.

quiteadverbUS /kwaɪt/

to a degree (not used with a negative)

From this reading The world, if you were to ask it who Thoreau was, would probably say “a crank,” because he did not think and act in quite the same way as other people, and because he practised what he preached.

sameadjectiveUS /seɪm/

Identical; not different.

From this reading The world, if you were to ask it who Thoreau was, would probably say “a crank,” because he did not think and act in quite the same way as other people, and because he practised what he preached.

sayverbUS /seɪ/

express in words

From this reading The world, if you were to ask it who Thoreau was, would probably say “a crank,” because he did not think and act in quite the same way as other people, and because he practised what he preached.

smokedadjectiveUS /smoʊkt/

(used especially of meats and fish) dried and cured by hanging in wood smoke

From this reading He never went to church or voted at elections, or drank wine or smoked tobacco, and he went to live alone in the woods.

soconjunctionUS /soʊ/

for that reason; with the result that

From this reading XI HENRY THOREAU 1817–1862 I never found the companion that was so companionable as solitude.

solitudenounUS /ˈsɑːlətuːd/

a state of social isolation

From this reading XI HENRY THOREAU 1817–1862 I never found the companion that was so companionable as solitude.

thatconjunctionUS /ðæt/

used to introduce what somebody said, thought, or felt

From this reading XI HENRY THOREAU 1817–1862 I never found the companion that was so companionable as solitude.

thedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading XI HENRY THOREAU 1817–1862 I never found the companion that was so companionable as solitude.

thinkverbUS /θɪŋk/

judge or regard; look upon; judge

From this reading The world, if you were to ask it who Thoreau was, would probably say “a crank,” because he did not think and act in quite the same way as other people, and because he practised what he preached.

THOREAUnounUS /θərˈoʊ/

United States writer and social critic (1817-1862)

From this reading XI HENRY THOREAU 1817–1862 I never found the companion that was so companionable as solitude.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading The world, if you were to ask it who Thoreau was, would probably say “a crank,” because he did not think and act in quite the same way as other people, and because he practised what he preached.

tobacconounUS /təˈbækoʊ/

leaves of the tobacco plant dried and prepared for smoking or ingestion

From this reading He never went to church or voted at elections, or drank wine or smoked tobacco, and he went to live alone in the woods.

townnounUS /taʊn/

an urban area with a fixed boundary that is smaller than a city

From this reading Henry David Thoreau was born in Concord, Massachusetts, July 12, 1817, and lived most of his life in or near his native town.

votedverbUS /ˈvoʊtɪd/

past form of “vote” — express one's preference for a candidate or for a measure or resolution; cast a vote

From this reading He never went to church or voted at elections, or drank wine or smoked tobacco, and he went to live alone in the woods.

wasauxiliary verbUS /wɑːz/

the past form of “be” used with I, he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading XI HENRY THOREAU 1817–1862 I never found the companion that was so companionable as solitude.

waynounUS /weɪ/

how something is done or how it happens

From this reading The world, if you were to ask it who Thoreau was, would probably say “a crank,” because he did not think and act in quite the same way as other people, and because he practised what he preached.

wentverbUS /went/

inflected form of “go” — change location; move, travel, or proceed, also metaphorically

From this reading He never went to church or voted at elections, or drank wine or smoked tobacco, and he went to live alone in the woods.

wereauxiliary verbUS /wɜːr/

the past form of “be” used with you, we, they, or a plural noun

From this reading The world, if you were to ask it who Thoreau was, would probably say “a crank,” because he did not think and act in quite the same way as other people, and because he practised what he preached.

whatpronounUS /wʌt/

used to ask for information about something

From this reading The world, if you were to ask it who Thoreau was, would probably say “a crank,” because he did not think and act in quite the same way as other people, and because he practised what he preached.

whopronounUS /huː/

which person or people

From this reading The world, if you were to ask it who Thoreau was, would probably say “a crank,” because he did not think and act in quite the same way as other people, and because he practised what he preached.

winenounUS /waɪn/

fermented juice (of grapes especially)

From this reading He never went to church or voted at elections, or drank wine or smoked tobacco, and he went to live alone in the woods.

woodsnounUS /wʊdz/

the trees and other plants in a large densely wooded area

From this reading He never went to church or voted at elections, or drank wine or smoked tobacco, and he went to live alone in the woods.

worldnounUS /wɜːrld/

everything that exists anywhere

From this reading The world, if you were to ask it who Thoreau was, would probably say “a crank,” because he did not think and act in quite the same way as other people, and because he practised what he preached.

wouldmodal verbUS /wʊd/

used for something imagined, polite, or habitual in the past

From this reading The world, if you were to ask it who Thoreau was, would probably say “a crank,” because he did not think and act in quite the same way as other people, and because he practised what he preached.

XInounUS /ʃiː/

the cardinal number that is the sum of ten and one

From this reading XI HENRY THOREAU 1817–1862 I never found the companion that was so companionable as solitude.

youpronounUS /juː/

the person or people being spoken to

From this reading The world, if you were to ask it who Thoreau was, would probably say “a crank,” because he did not think and act in quite the same way as other people, and because he practised what he preached.

Chapter 7 of Rebels and Reformers by Arthur Ponsonby, Baron Ponsonby holds 416 sentences, grouped into 84 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 7 of Rebels and Reformers contain?

Chapter 7 holds 416 sentences of Rebels and Reformers, unabridged, divided into 84 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 7 of Rebels and Reformers by Arthur Ponsonby, Baron Ponsonby exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 416 sentences, grouped into 84 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 7 of Rebels and Reformers?

Work through the 84 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 84 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 7 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 7 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

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Chapter 1
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Chapter 2
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Chapter 3
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