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Recollections of a Pioneer
Recollections of a Pioneer

Chapter XIV

Chapter 14 of Recollections of a Pioneer is here in full — 184 sentences across 37 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

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Context Illustration Reading 1/36 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
_War in Arkansas._ Some time early in the year 1863, Price moved his forces to Little Rock.
The Federal forces under General Steele approached from Springfield, and Price began preparations to receive them.
His army was much inferior to the attacking force and every precaution was taken to give us the advantage.
We crossed to the north side of the river from Little Rock and dug a trench in the shape of a rainbow touching the river above and below the town and more than a mile in length.
The enemy approached within two miles of our trench and halted and remained in that position nearly a week.
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LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

Recollections of a Pioneer

Chapter XIV

Chapter 14 of Recollections of a Pioneer is here in full — 184 sentences across 37 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/36 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
_War in Arkansas._ Some time early in the year 1863, Price moved his forces to Little Rock.
Line 2
The Federal forces under General Steele approached from Springfield, and Price began preparations to receive them.
/ðə ˈfedərəl ˈfɔːrsɪz ˈʌndər ˈdʒenərəl stiːl əˈproʊtʃt frʌm ˈsprɪŋfiːld ənd praɪs bɪˈɡæn ˌprepərˈeɪʃənz tuː rəˈsiːv ðem/
Line 3
His army was much inferior to the attacking force and every precaution was taken to give us the advantage.
/hɪz ˈɑːrmi wɑːz mʌtʃ ˌɪnˈfɪriər tuː ðə əˈtækɪŋ fɔːrs ənd ˈevəri priˈkɔːʃən wɑːz ˈteɪkən tuː ɡɪv ʌs ðə ædˈvæntɪdʒ/
Line 4
We crossed to the north side of the river from Little Rock and dug a trench in the shape of a rainbow touching the river above and below the town and more than a mile in length.
/wiː krɔːst tuː ðə nɔːrθ saɪd ʌv ðə ˈrɪvər frʌm ˈlɪtəl rɑːk ənd dʌɡ ə trentʃ ɪn ðə ʃeɪp ʌv ə ˈreɪnboʊ ˈtʌtʃɪŋ ðə ˈrɪvər əˈbʌv ənd bɪˈloʊ ðə taʊn ənd mɔːr ðæn ə maɪl ɪn leŋkθ/
Line 5
The enemy approached within two miles of our trench and halted and remained in that position nearly a week.
/ðə ˈenəmi əˈproʊtʃt wɪˈðɪn tuː maɪlz ʌv ˈaʊər trentʃ ənd ˈhɔːltəd ənd rɪˈmeɪnd ɪn ðæt pəˈzɪʃən ˈnɪrli ə wiːk/

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

Arkansas noun US /ˈɑːrkənsɑː/

a state in south central United States; one of the Confederate states during the American Civil War

From this reading “_War in Arkansas._ Some time early in the year 1863, Price moved his forces to Little Rock.”

attacking adjective US /əˈtækɪŋ/

disposed to attack

From this reading “His army was much inferior to the attacking force and every precaution was taken to give us the advantage.”

Federal adjective US /ˈfedərəl/

national; especially in reference to the government of the United States as distinct from that of its member units

From this reading “The Federal forces under General Steele approached from Springfield, and Price began preparations to receive them.”

precaution noun US /priˈkɔːʃən/

a precautionary measure warding off impending danger or damage or injury etc.

From this reading “His army was much inferior to the attacking force and every precaution was taken to give us the advantage.”

rainbow noun US /ˈreɪnboʊ/

an arc of colored light in the sky caused by refraction of the sun's rays by rain

From this reading “We crossed to the north side of the river from Little Rock and dug a trench in the shape of a rainbow touching the river above and below the town and more than a mile in length.”

Springfield noun US /ˈsprɪŋfiːld/

capital of the state of Illinois

From this reading “The Federal forces under General Steele approached from Springfield, and Price began preparations to receive them.”

Steele noun US /stiːl/

English writer (1672-1729)

From this reading “The Federal forces under General Steele approached from Springfield, and Price began preparations to receive them.”

trench noun US /trentʃ/

a ditch dug as a fortification having a parapet of the excavated earth

From this reading “We crossed to the north side of the river from Little Rock and dug a trench in the shape of a rainbow touching the river above and below the town and more than a mile in length.”

Word partnerships in these lines

English keeps certain words together, and knowing the pair is worth more than knowing each word alone. Every partnership below was counted across our whole published library, and earns its place by appearing far more often than two unrelated words of the same frequency would.

Shown as this reading writes them, with the form the library counts, what kind of pairing it is, and how often it occurs.

attacking force adjective + noun

In this reading “His army was much inferior to the attacking force and every precaution was taken to give us the advantage.”

north side noun + noun

the side that is on the north

In this reading “We crossed to the north side of the river from Little Rock and dug a trench in the shape of a rainbow touching the river above and below the town and more than a mile in length.”

two miles noun + noun counted as “two mile”

In this reading “The enemy approached within two miles of our trench and halted and remained in that position nearly a week.”

Some time adjective + noun

In this reading “_War in Arkansas._ Some time early in the year 1863, Price moved his forces to Little Rock.”

much inferior adverb + adjective

In this reading “His army was much inferior to the attacking force and every precaution was taken to give us the advantage.”

approached within verb + particle counted as “approach within”

In this reading “The enemy approached within two miles of our trench and halted and remained in that position nearly a week.”

within two preposition + noun

In this reading “The enemy approached within two miles of our trench and halted and remained in that position nearly a week.”

in the shape preposition + article + noun counted as “in … shape”

In this reading “We crossed to the north side of the river from Little Rock and dug a trench in the shape of a rainbow touching the river above and below the town and more than a mile in length.”

All words in this reading · 70

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

1863

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading _War in Arkansas._ Some time early in the year 1863, Price moved his forces to Little Rock.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading We crossed to the north side of the river from Little Rock and dug a trench in the shape of a rainbow touching the river above and below the town and more than a mile in length.

aboveprepositionUS /əˈbʌv/

higher than, or over, something

From this reading We crossed to the north side of the river from Little Rock and dug a trench in the shape of a rainbow touching the river above and below the town and more than a mile in length.

advantagenounUS /ædˈvæntɪdʒ/

the quality of having a superior or more favorable position

From this reading His army was much inferior to the attacking force and every precaution was taken to give us the advantage.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading The Federal forces under General Steele approached from Springfield, and Price began preparations to receive them.

approachedverbUS /əˈproʊtʃt/

past form of “approach” — move towards

From this reading The Federal forces under General Steele approached from Springfield, and Price began preparations to receive them.

ArkansasnounUS /ˈɑːrkənsɑː/

a state in south central United States; one of the Confederate states during the American Civil War

From this reading _War in Arkansas._ Some time early in the year 1863, Price moved his forces to Little Rock.

armynounUS /ˈɑːrmi/

a permanent organization of the military land forces of a nation or state

From this reading His army was much inferior to the attacking force and every precaution was taken to give us the advantage.

attackingadjectiveUS /əˈtækɪŋ/

disposed to attack

From this reading His army was much inferior to the attacking force and every precaution was taken to give us the advantage.

beganverbUS /bɪˈɡæn/

inflected form of “begin” — take the first step or steps in carrying out an action

From this reading The Federal forces under General Steele approached from Springfield, and Price began preparations to receive them.

belowprepositionUS /bɪˈloʊ/

at or to a lower level than something

From this reading We crossed to the north side of the river from Little Rock and dug a trench in the shape of a rainbow touching the river above and below the town and more than a mile in length.

crossedadjectiveUS /krɔːst/

placed crosswise

From this reading We crossed to the north side of the river from Little Rock and dug a trench in the shape of a rainbow touching the river above and below the town and more than a mile in length.

dugnounUS /dʌɡ/

an udder or breast or teat

From this reading We crossed to the north side of the river from Little Rock and dug a trench in the shape of a rainbow touching the river above and below the town and more than a mile in length.

earlyadjectiveUS /ˈɜːrli/

at or near the beginning of a period of time or course of events or before the usual or expected time

From this reading _War in Arkansas._ Some time early in the year 1863, Price moved his forces to Little Rock.

enemynounUS /ˈenəmi/

an opposing military force

From this reading The enemy approached within two miles of our trench and halted and remained in that position nearly a week.

everydeterminerUS /ˈevəri/

all the members of a group, with none left out

From this reading His army was much inferior to the attacking force and every precaution was taken to give us the advantage.

FederaladjectiveUS /ˈfedərəl/

national; especially in reference to the government of the United States as distinct from that of its member units

From this reading The Federal forces under General Steele approached from Springfield, and Price began preparations to receive them.

forcenounUS /fɔːrs/

a powerful effect or influence

From this reading His army was much inferior to the attacking force and every precaution was taken to give us the advantage.

forcesnounUS /ˈfɔːrsɪz/

plural of “force” — a powerful effect or influence

From this reading _War in Arkansas._ Some time early in the year 1863, Price moved his forces to Little Rock.

fromprepositionUS /frʌm/

showing where something starts, or who sent it

From this reading The Federal forces under General Steele approached from Springfield, and Price began preparations to receive them.

GeneraladjectiveUS /ˈdʒenərəl/

applying to all or most members of a category or group

From this reading The Federal forces under General Steele approached from Springfield, and Price began preparations to receive them.

giveverbUS /ɡɪv/

cause to have, in the abstract sense or physical sense

From this reading His army was much inferior to the attacking force and every precaution was taken to give us the advantage.

haltedverbUS /ˈhɔːltəd/

past form of “halt” — cause to stop

From this reading The enemy approached within two miles of our trench and halted and remained in that position nearly a week.

hisdeterminerUS /hɪz/

belonging to a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned

From this reading _War in Arkansas._ Some time early in the year 1863, Price moved his forces to Little Rock.

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading _War in Arkansas._ Some time early in the year 1863, Price moved his forces to Little Rock.

inferioradjectiveUS /ˌɪnˈfɪriər/

of or characteristic of low rank or importance

From this reading His army was much inferior to the attacking force and every precaution was taken to give us the advantage.

lengthnounUS /leŋkθ/

the linear extent in space from one end to the other; the longest dimension of something that is fixed in place

From this reading We crossed to the north side of the river from Little Rock and dug a trench in the shape of a rainbow touching the river above and below the town and more than a mile in length.

LittleadjectiveUS /ˈlɪtəl/

limited or below average in number or quantity or magnitude or extent

From this reading _War in Arkansas._ Some time early in the year 1863, Price moved his forces to Little Rock.

milenounUS /maɪl/

a unit of length equal to 1,760 yards or 5,280 feet; exactly 1609.344 meters

From this reading We crossed to the north side of the river from Little Rock and dug a trench in the shape of a rainbow touching the river above and below the town and more than a mile in length.

milesnounUS /maɪlz/

plural of “mile” — a unit of length equal to 1,760 yards or 5,280 feet; exactly 1609.344 meters

From this reading The enemy approached within two miles of our trench and halted and remained in that position nearly a week.

moreadjectiveUS /mɔːr/

(comparative of “much” used with mass nouns) a quantifier meaning greater in size or amount or extent or degree

From this reading We crossed to the north side of the river from Little Rock and dug a trench in the shape of a rainbow touching the river above and below the town and more than a mile in length.

movedadjectiveUS /muːvd/

being excited or provoked to the expression of an emotion

From this reading _War in Arkansas._ Some time early in the year 1863, Price moved his forces to Little Rock.

muchadverbUS /mʌtʃ/

to a great degree or extent

From this reading His army was much inferior to the attacking force and every precaution was taken to give us the advantage.

nearlyadverbUS /ˈnɪrli/

(of actions or states) slightly short of or not quite accomplished; all but

From this reading The enemy approached within two miles of our trench and halted and remained in that position nearly a week.

northnounUS /nɔːrθ/

the region of the United States lying to the north of the Mason-Dixon line

From this reading We crossed to the north side of the river from Little Rock and dug a trench in the shape of a rainbow touching the river above and below the town and more than a mile in length.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading We crossed to the north side of the river from Little Rock and dug a trench in the shape of a rainbow touching the river above and below the town and more than a mile in length.

ourdeterminerUS /ˈaʊər/

belonging to the speaker and others

From this reading The enemy approached within two miles of our trench and halted and remained in that position nearly a week.

positionnounUS /pəˈzɪʃən/

the particular portion of space occupied by something

From this reading The enemy approached within two miles of our trench and halted and remained in that position nearly a week.

precautionnounUS /priˈkɔːʃən/

a precautionary measure warding off impending danger or damage or injury etc.

From this reading His army was much inferior to the attacking force and every precaution was taken to give us the advantage.

preparationsnounUS /ˌprepərˈeɪʃənz/

plural of “preparation” — the activity of putting or setting in order in advance of some act or purpose

From this reading The Federal forces under General Steele approached from Springfield, and Price began preparations to receive them.

PricenounUS /praɪs/

the property of having material worth (often indicated by the amount of money something would bring if sold)

From this reading _War in Arkansas._ Some time early in the year 1863, Price moved his forces to Little Rock.

rainbownounUS /ˈreɪnboʊ/

an arc of colored light in the sky caused by refraction of the sun's rays by rain

From this reading We crossed to the north side of the river from Little Rock and dug a trench in the shape of a rainbow touching the river above and below the town and more than a mile in length.

receiveverbUS /rəˈsiːv/

get something; come into possession of

From this reading The Federal forces under General Steele approached from Springfield, and Price began preparations to receive them.

remainedverbUS /rɪˈmeɪnd/

past form of “remain” — stay the same; remain in a certain state

From this reading The enemy approached within two miles of our trench and halted and remained in that position nearly a week.

rivernounUS /ˈrɪvər/

a large natural stream of water (larger than a creek)

From this reading We crossed to the north side of the river from Little Rock and dug a trench in the shape of a rainbow touching the river above and below the town and more than a mile in length.

RocknounUS /rɑːk/

a lump or mass of hard consolidated mineral matter

From this reading _War in Arkansas._ Some time early in the year 1863, Price moved his forces to Little Rock.

shapenounUS /ʃeɪp/

any spatial attributes (especially as defined by outline)

From this reading We crossed to the north side of the river from Little Rock and dug a trench in the shape of a rainbow touching the river above and below the town and more than a mile in length.

sidenounUS /saɪd/

a place within a region identified relative to a center or reference location

From this reading We crossed to the north side of the river from Little Rock and dug a trench in the shape of a rainbow touching the river above and below the town and more than a mile in length.

SomeadjectiveUS /sʌm/

(quantifier) used with either mass nouns or plural count nouns to indicate an unspecified number or quantity

From this reading _War in Arkansas._ Some time early in the year 1863, Price moved his forces to Little Rock.

SpringfieldnounUS /ˈsprɪŋfiːld/

capital of the state of Illinois

From this reading The Federal forces under General Steele approached from Springfield, and Price began preparations to receive them.

SteelenounUS /stiːl/

English writer (1672-1729)

From this reading The Federal forces under General Steele approached from Springfield, and Price began preparations to receive them.

takenadjectiveUS /ˈteɪkən/

understood in a certain way; made sense of

From this reading His army was much inferior to the attacking force and every precaution was taken to give us the advantage.

thanconjunctionUS /ðæn/

used to introduce the second part of a comparison

From this reading We crossed to the north side of the river from Little Rock and dug a trench in the shape of a rainbow touching the river above and below the town and more than a mile in length.

thatconjunctionUS /ðæt/

used to introduce what somebody said, thought, or felt

From this reading The enemy approached within two miles of our trench and halted and remained in that position nearly a week.

thedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading _War in Arkansas._ Some time early in the year 1863, Price moved his forces to Little Rock.

thempronounUS /ðem/

the people or things already mentioned, as the object

From this reading The Federal forces under General Steele approached from Springfield, and Price began preparations to receive them.

timenounUS /taɪm/

an instance or single occasion for some event

From this reading _War in Arkansas._ Some time early in the year 1863, Price moved his forces to Little Rock.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading _War in Arkansas._ Some time early in the year 1863, Price moved his forces to Little Rock.

touchingadjectiveUS /ˈtʌtʃɪŋ/

arousing affect

From this reading We crossed to the north side of the river from Little Rock and dug a trench in the shape of a rainbow touching the river above and below the town and more than a mile in length.

townnounUS /taʊn/

an urban area with a fixed boundary that is smaller than a city

From this reading We crossed to the north side of the river from Little Rock and dug a trench in the shape of a rainbow touching the river above and below the town and more than a mile in length.

trenchnounUS /trentʃ/

a ditch dug as a fortification having a parapet of the excavated earth

From this reading We crossed to the north side of the river from Little Rock and dug a trench in the shape of a rainbow touching the river above and below the town and more than a mile in length.

twonounUS /tuː/

the cardinal number that is the sum of one and one or a numeral representing this number

From this reading The enemy approached within two miles of our trench and halted and remained in that position nearly a week.

underprepositionUS /ˈʌndər/

below or beneath something; less than

From this reading The Federal forces under General Steele approached from Springfield, and Price began preparations to receive them.

uspronounUS /ʌs/

the speaker and others, as the object of a verb or preposition

From this reading His army was much inferior to the attacking force and every precaution was taken to give us the advantage.

WarnounUS /wɔːr/

the waging of armed conflict against an enemy

From this reading _War in Arkansas._ Some time early in the year 1863, Price moved his forces to Little Rock.

wasauxiliary verbUS /wɑːz/

the past form of “be” used with I, he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading His army was much inferior to the attacking force and every precaution was taken to give us the advantage.

WepronounUS /wiː/

the speaker together with one or more other people

From this reading We crossed to the north side of the river from Little Rock and dug a trench in the shape of a rainbow touching the river above and below the town and more than a mile in length.

weeknounUS /wiːk/

any period of seven consecutive days

From this reading The enemy approached within two miles of our trench and halted and remained in that position nearly a week.

withinprepositionUS /wɪˈðɪn/

inside; before a period of time has passed

From this reading The enemy approached within two miles of our trench and halted and remained in that position nearly a week.

yearnounUS /jɪr/

a period of time containing 365 (or 366) days

From this reading _War in Arkansas._ Some time early in the year 1863, Price moved his forces to Little Rock.

Chapter 14 of Recollections of a Pioneer by J. W. (J. Watt) Gibson holds 184 sentences, grouped into 37 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 14 of Recollections of a Pioneer contain?

Chapter 14 holds 184 sentences of Recollections of a Pioneer, unabridged, divided into 37 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 14 of Recollections of a Pioneer by J. W. (J. Watt) Gibson exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 184 sentences, grouped into 37 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 14 of Recollections of a Pioneer?

Work through the 37 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 37 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

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Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 14 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

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Project Gutenberg eBook #49089, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

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Vocabulary met early in Recollections of a Pioneer

Words and structures a reader meets early in Recollections of a Pioneer, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Press
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Recollections of a Pioneer; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Nelson-hanne
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Recollections of a Pioneer; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Printing
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Recollections of a Pioneer; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
South
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Recollections of a Pioneer; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.