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Red Belts
Red Belts

Chapter I

Chapter 1 of Red Belts is here in full — 25 sentences across 5 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

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Context Illustration Reading 1/5 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
See https:// Garden City New York Doubleday, Page & Company In 1784 North Carolina’s share of the national debt was a ninth, or about five millions of dollarsa prodigious sum for a commonwealth just emerging from a colonial chrysalis to raise.
Yet North Carolina was more fortunate than some of her sister débutantes into Statehood, in that she possessed some twenty-nine million acres of virgin country beyond the Alleghanies.
This noble realm, from which the State of Tennessee was to be fashioned, had been won by confiscation and the rifles of the over-mountain settlers and had cost North Carolina neither blood nor money.
The republic was too young to have developed coalescence.
A man might be a New Yorker, a New Englander, a Virginian and so on, but as yet seldom an American.
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AI-generated narration by OpenAI · Slow US English
LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

Red Belts

Chapter I

Chapter 1 of Red Belts is here in full — 25 sentences across 5 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/5 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
See https:// Garden City New York Doubleday, Page & Company In 1784 North Carolina’s share of the national debt was a ninth, or about five millions of dollarsa prodigious sum for a commonwealth just emerging from a colonial chrysalis to raise.
Line 2
Yet North Carolina was more fortunate than some of her sister débutantes into Statehood, in that she possessed some twenty-nine million acres of virgin country beyond the Alleghanies.
Line 3
This noble realm, from which the State of Tennessee was to be fashioned, had been won by confiscation and the rifles of the over-mountain settlers and had cost North Carolina neither blood nor money.
Line 4
The republic was too young to have developed coalescence.
/ðə riˈpʌblək wɑːz tuː jʌŋ tuː hæv dɪˈveləpt ˌkoʊəˈlesəns/
Line 5
A man might be a New Yorker, a New Englander, a Virginian and so on, but as yet seldom an American.

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

Carolina's noun US /ˌkerəˈlaɪnəz/

possessive form of “carolina” — the area of the states of North Carolina and South Carolina

chrysalis noun US /ˈkrɪsəlɪs/

pupa of a moth or butterfly enclosed in a cocoon

From this reading “See https:// Garden City New York Doubleday, Page & Company In 1784 North Carolina’s share of the national debt was a ninth, or about five millions of dollars—a prodigious sum for a commonwealth just emerging from a colonial chrysalis to raise.”

coalescence noun US /ˌkoʊəˈlesəns/

the union of diverse things into one body or form or group; the growing together of parts

From this reading “The republic was too young to have developed coalescence.”

commonwealth noun US /ˈkɑːmənwelθ/

the official name of some states in the United States (Massachusetts and Pennsylvania and Virginia and Kentucky) and associated territories (Puerto Rico)

From this reading “See https:// Garden City New York Doubleday, Page & Company In 1784 North Carolina’s share of the national debt was a ninth, or about five millions of dollars—a prodigious sum for a commonwealth just emerging from a colonial chrysalis to raise.”

confiscation noun US /ˌkɑːnfəˈskeɪʃən/

seizure by the government

From this reading “This noble realm, from which the State of Tennessee was to be fashioned, had been won by confiscation and the rifles of the over-mountain settlers and had cost North Carolina neither blood nor money.”

ninth noun US /naɪnθ/

position nine in a countable series of things

From this reading “See https:// Garden City New York Doubleday, Page & Company In 1784 North Carolina’s share of the national debt was a ninth, or about five millions of dollars—a prodigious sum for a commonwealth just emerging from a colonial chrysalis to raise.”

Tennessee noun US /ˌtenəˈsiː/

a state in east central United States

From this reading “This noble realm, from which the State of Tennessee was to be fashioned, had been won by confiscation and the rifles of the over-mountain settlers and had cost North Carolina neither blood nor money.”

Virginian noun US /vərˈdʒɪnjən/

a native or resident of Virginia

From this reading “A man might be a New Yorker, a New Englander, a Virginian and so on, but as yet seldom an American.”

Word partnerships in these lines

English keeps certain words together, and knowing the pair is worth more than knowing each word alone. Every partnership below was counted across our whole published library, and earns its place by appearing far more often than two unrelated words of the same frequency would.

Shown as this reading writes them, with the form the library counts, what kind of pairing it is, and how often it occurs.

national debt adjective + noun

the debt of the national government (as distinguished from the debts of individuals and businesses and political subdivisions)

In this reading “See https:// Garden City New York Doubleday, Page & Company In 1784 North Carolina’s share of the national debt was a ninth, or about five millions of dollars—a prodigious sum for a commonwealth just emerging from a colonial chrysalis to raise.”

five millions noun + noun counted as “five million”

In this reading “See https:// Garden City New York Doubleday, Page & Company In 1784 North Carolina’s share of the national debt was a ninth, or about five millions of dollars—a prodigious sum for a commonwealth just emerging from a colonial chrysalis to raise.”

just emerging adverb + adjective

In this reading “See https:// Garden City New York Doubleday, Page & Company In 1784 North Carolina’s share of the national debt was a ninth, or about five millions of dollars—a prodigious sum for a commonwealth just emerging from a colonial chrysalis to raise.”

about five preposition + noun

In this reading “See https:// Garden City New York Doubleday, Page & Company In 1784 North Carolina’s share of the national debt was a ninth, or about five millions of dollars—a prodigious sum for a commonwealth just emerging from a colonial chrysalis to raise.”

too young adverb + adjective

In this reading “The republic was too young to have developed coalescence.”

share of verb + particle

In this reading “See https:// Garden City New York Doubleday, Page & Company In 1784 North Carolina’s share of the national debt was a ninth, or about five millions of dollars—a prodigious sum for a commonwealth just emerging from a colonial chrysalis to raise.”

All words in this reading · 98

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

1784

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading See https:// Garden City New York Doubleday, Page & Company In 1784 North Carolina’s share of the national debt was a ninth, or about five millions of dollars—a prodigious sum for a commonwealth just emerging from a colonial chrysalis to raise.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading See https:// Garden City New York Doubleday, Page & Company In 1784 North Carolina’s share of the national debt was a ninth, or about five millions of dollars—a prodigious sum for a commonwealth just emerging from a colonial chrysalis to raise.

aboutprepositionUS /əˈbaʊt/

on the subject of; concerning

From this reading See https:// Garden City New York Doubleday, Page & Company In 1784 North Carolina’s share of the national debt was a ninth, or about five millions of dollars—a prodigious sum for a commonwealth just emerging from a colonial chrysalis to raise.

acresnounUS /ˈeɪkərz/

extensive landed property (especially in the country) retained by the owner for his own use

From this reading Yet North Carolina was more fortunate than some of her sister débutantes into Statehood, in that she possessed some twenty-nine million acres of virgin country beyond the Alleghanies.

Alleghanies

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Yet North Carolina was more fortunate than some of her sister débutantes into Statehood, in that she possessed some twenty-nine million acres of virgin country beyond the Alleghanies.

AmericannounUS /əˈmerəkən/

a native or inhabitant of the United States

From this reading A man might be a New Yorker, a New Englander, a Virginian and so on, but as yet seldom an American.

andeterminerUS /æn/

the form of “a” used before a word that begins with a vowel sound

From this reading A man might be a New Yorker, a New Englander, a Virginian and so on, but as yet seldom an American.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading This noble realm, from which the State of Tennessee was to be fashioned, had been won by confiscation and the rifles of the over-mountain settlers and had cost North Carolina neither blood nor money.

asconjunctionUS /æz/

at the same time that; because; in the way that

From this reading A man might be a New Yorker, a New Englander, a Virginian and so on, but as yet seldom an American.

beauxiliary verbUS /biː/

used with a past participle to form the passive, or with -ing for continuous tenses

From this reading This noble realm, from which the State of Tennessee was to be fashioned, had been won by confiscation and the rifles of the over-mountain settlers and had cost North Carolina neither blood nor money.

beenauxiliary verbUS /bɪn/

the past participle of “be”

From this reading This noble realm, from which the State of Tennessee was to be fashioned, had been won by confiscation and the rifles of the over-mountain settlers and had cost North Carolina neither blood nor money.

beyondprepositionUS /bɪˈɑːnd/

on the far side of; further than

From this reading Yet North Carolina was more fortunate than some of her sister débutantes into Statehood, in that she possessed some twenty-nine million acres of virgin country beyond the Alleghanies.

bloodnounUS /blʌd/

The red fluid that circulates in the heart and blood vessels.

From this reading This noble realm, from which the State of Tennessee was to be fashioned, had been won by confiscation and the rifles of the over-mountain settlers and had cost North Carolina neither blood nor money.

butconjunctionUS /bʌt/

used to introduce something that contrasts with what came before

From this reading A man might be a New Yorker, a New Englander, a Virginian and so on, but as yet seldom an American.

byprepositionUS /baɪ/

showing who or what does the action

From this reading This noble realm, from which the State of Tennessee was to be fashioned, had been won by confiscation and the rifles of the over-mountain settlers and had cost North Carolina neither blood nor money.

CarolinanounUS /ˌkerəˈlaɪnə/

the area of the states of North Carolina and South Carolina

From this reading Yet North Carolina was more fortunate than some of her sister débutantes into Statehood, in that she possessed some twenty-nine million acres of virgin country beyond the Alleghanies.

Carolina'snounUS /ˌkerəˈlaɪnəz/

possessive form of “carolina” — the area of the states of North Carolina and South Carolina

From this reading See https:// Garden City New York Doubleday, Page & Company In 1784 North Carolina’s share of the national debt was a ninth, or about five millions of dollars—a prodigious sum for a commonwealth just emerging from a colonial chrysalis to raise.

chrysalisnounUS /ˈkrɪsəlɪs/

pupa of a moth or butterfly enclosed in a cocoon

From this reading See https:// Garden City New York Doubleday, Page & Company In 1784 North Carolina’s share of the national debt was a ninth, or about five millions of dollars—a prodigious sum for a commonwealth just emerging from a colonial chrysalis to raise.

CitynounUS /ˈsɪti/

a large and densely populated urban area; may include several independent administrative districts

From this reading See https:// Garden City New York Doubleday, Page & Company In 1784 North Carolina’s share of the national debt was a ninth, or about five millions of dollars—a prodigious sum for a commonwealth just emerging from a colonial chrysalis to raise.

coalescencenounUS /ˌkoʊəˈlesəns/

the union of diverse things into one body or form or group; the growing together of parts

From this reading The republic was too young to have developed coalescence.

colonialadjectiveUS /kəˈloʊniəl/

of or relating to or characteristic of or inhabiting a colony

From this reading See https:// Garden City New York Doubleday, Page & Company In 1784 North Carolina’s share of the national debt was a ninth, or about five millions of dollars—a prodigious sum for a commonwealth just emerging from a colonial chrysalis to raise.

commonwealthnounUS /ˈkɑːmənwelθ/

the official name of some states in the United States (Massachusetts and Pennsylvania and Virginia and Kentucky) and associated territories (Puerto Rico)

From this reading See https:// Garden City New York Doubleday, Page & Company In 1784 North Carolina’s share of the national debt was a ninth, or about five millions of dollars—a prodigious sum for a commonwealth just emerging from a colonial chrysalis to raise.

CompanynounUS /ˈkʌmpəniː/

an institution created to conduct business

From this reading See https:// Garden City New York Doubleday, Page & Company In 1784 North Carolina’s share of the national debt was a ninth, or about five millions of dollars—a prodigious sum for a commonwealth just emerging from a colonial chrysalis to raise.

confiscationnounUS /ˌkɑːnfəˈskeɪʃən/

seizure by the government

From this reading This noble realm, from which the State of Tennessee was to be fashioned, had been won by confiscation and the rifles of the over-mountain settlers and had cost North Carolina neither blood nor money.

costnounUS /kɑːst/

the total spent for goods or services including money and time and labor

From this reading This noble realm, from which the State of Tennessee was to be fashioned, had been won by confiscation and the rifles of the over-mountain settlers and had cost North Carolina neither blood nor money.

countrynounUS /ˈkʌntri/

a politically organized body of people under a single government

From this reading Yet North Carolina was more fortunate than some of her sister débutantes into Statehood, in that she possessed some twenty-nine million acres of virgin country beyond the Alleghanies.

debtnounUS /det/

the state of owing something (especially money)

From this reading See https:// Garden City New York Doubleday, Page & Company In 1784 North Carolina’s share of the national debt was a ninth, or about five millions of dollars—a prodigious sum for a commonwealth just emerging from a colonial chrysalis to raise.

developedadjectiveUS /dɪˈveləpt/

being changed over time so as to be e.g. stronger or more complete or more useful

From this reading The republic was too young to have developed coalescence.

dollarsnounUS /ˈdɑːlərz/

plural of “dollar” — the basic monetary unit in many countries; equal to 100 cents

From this reading See https:// Garden City New York Doubleday, Page & Company In 1784 North Carolina’s share of the national debt was a ninth, or about five millions of dollars—a prodigious sum for a commonwealth just emerging from a colonial chrysalis to raise.

Doubleday

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading See https:// Garden City New York Doubleday, Page & Company In 1784 North Carolina’s share of the national debt was a ninth, or about five millions of dollars—a prodigious sum for a commonwealth just emerging from a colonial chrysalis to raise.

débutantes

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Yet North Carolina was more fortunate than some of her sister débutantes into Statehood, in that she possessed some twenty-nine million acres of virgin country beyond the Alleghanies.

emergingadjectiveUS /ɪˈmɜːrdʒɪŋ/

coming to maturity

From this reading See https:// Garden City New York Doubleday, Page & Company In 1784 North Carolina’s share of the national debt was a ninth, or about five millions of dollars—a prodigious sum for a commonwealth just emerging from a colonial chrysalis to raise.

Englander

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading A man might be a New Yorker, a New Englander, a Virginian and so on, but as yet seldom an American.

fashionedadjectiveUS /ˈfæʃənd/

planned and made or fashioned artistically

From this reading This noble realm, from which the State of Tennessee was to be fashioned, had been won by confiscation and the rifles of the over-mountain settlers and had cost North Carolina neither blood nor money.

fivenounUS /faɪv/

the cardinal number that is the sum of four and one

From this reading See https:// Garden City New York Doubleday, Page & Company In 1784 North Carolina’s share of the national debt was a ninth, or about five millions of dollars—a prodigious sum for a commonwealth just emerging from a colonial chrysalis to raise.

forprepositionUS /fɔːr/

intended to be given to, or used by, somebody

From this reading See https:// Garden City New York Doubleday, Page & Company In 1784 North Carolina’s share of the national debt was a ninth, or about five millions of dollars—a prodigious sum for a commonwealth just emerging from a colonial chrysalis to raise.

fortunateadjectiveUS /ˈfɔːrtʃənət/

having unexpected good fortune

From this reading Yet North Carolina was more fortunate than some of her sister débutantes into Statehood, in that she possessed some twenty-nine million acres of virgin country beyond the Alleghanies.

fromprepositionUS /frʌm/

showing where something starts, or who sent it

From this reading See https:// Garden City New York Doubleday, Page & Company In 1784 North Carolina’s share of the national debt was a ninth, or about five millions of dollars—a prodigious sum for a commonwealth just emerging from a colonial chrysalis to raise.

GardennounUS /ˈɡɑːrdən/

a plot of ground where plants are cultivated

From this reading See https:// Garden City New York Doubleday, Page & Company In 1784 North Carolina’s share of the national debt was a ninth, or about five millions of dollars—a prodigious sum for a commonwealth just emerging from a colonial chrysalis to raise.

hadauxiliary verbUS /hæd/

the past form of “have”, used to form the past perfect

From this reading This noble realm, from which the State of Tennessee was to be fashioned, had been won by confiscation and the rifles of the over-mountain settlers and had cost North Carolina neither blood nor money.

haveauxiliary verbUS /hæv/

used with a past participle to form the perfect tenses

From this reading The republic was too young to have developed coalescence.

herdeterminerUS /hɜːr/

belonging to a woman, girl, or female animal already mentioned

From this reading Yet North Carolina was more fortunate than some of her sister débutantes into Statehood, in that she possessed some twenty-nine million acres of virgin country beyond the Alleghanies.

https

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading See https:// Garden City New York Doubleday, Page & Company In 1784 North Carolina’s share of the national debt was a ninth, or about five millions of dollars—a prodigious sum for a commonwealth just emerging from a colonial chrysalis to raise.

InprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading See https:// Garden City New York Doubleday, Page & Company In 1784 North Carolina’s share of the national debt was a ninth, or about five millions of dollars—a prodigious sum for a commonwealth just emerging from a colonial chrysalis to raise.

intoprepositionUS /ˈɪntuː/

moving to the inside of something

From this reading Yet North Carolina was more fortunate than some of her sister débutantes into Statehood, in that she possessed some twenty-nine million acres of virgin country beyond the Alleghanies.

justadverbUS /dʒʌst/

and nothing more

From this reading See https:// Garden City New York Doubleday, Page & Company In 1784 North Carolina’s share of the national debt was a ninth, or about five millions of dollars—a prodigious sum for a commonwealth just emerging from a colonial chrysalis to raise.

mannounUS /mæn/

an adult person who is male (as opposed to a woman)

From this reading A man might be a New Yorker, a New Englander, a Virginian and so on, but as yet seldom an American.

mightmodal verbUS /maɪt/

used to say something is possible but not certain

From this reading A man might be a New Yorker, a New Englander, a Virginian and so on, but as yet seldom an American.

millionnounUS /ˈmɪljən/

the number that is represented as a one followed by 6 zeros

From this reading Yet North Carolina was more fortunate than some of her sister débutantes into Statehood, in that she possessed some twenty-nine million acres of virgin country beyond the Alleghanies.

millionsnounUS /ˈmɪljənz/

plural of “million” — the number that is represented as a one followed by 6 zeros

From this reading See https:// Garden City New York Doubleday, Page & Company In 1784 North Carolina’s share of the national debt was a ninth, or about five millions of dollars—a prodigious sum for a commonwealth just emerging from a colonial chrysalis to raise.

moneynounUS /ˈmʌni/

the most common medium of exchange; functions as legal tender

From this reading This noble realm, from which the State of Tennessee was to be fashioned, had been won by confiscation and the rifles of the over-mountain settlers and had cost North Carolina neither blood nor money.

moreadjectiveUS /mɔːr/

(comparative of “much” used with mass nouns) a quantifier meaning greater in size or amount or extent or degree

From this reading Yet North Carolina was more fortunate than some of her sister débutantes into Statehood, in that she possessed some twenty-nine million acres of virgin country beyond the Alleghanies.

nationaladjectiveUS /ˈnæʃənəl/

of or relating to or belonging to a nation or country

From this reading See https:// Garden City New York Doubleday, Page & Company In 1784 North Carolina’s share of the national debt was a ninth, or about five millions of dollars—a prodigious sum for a commonwealth just emerging from a colonial chrysalis to raise.

neitherdeterminerUS /ˈniːðər/

not one and not the other of two

From this reading This noble realm, from which the State of Tennessee was to be fashioned, had been won by confiscation and the rifles of the over-mountain settlers and had cost North Carolina neither blood nor money.

NewadjectiveUS /nuː/

not of long duration; having just (or relatively recently) come into being or been made or acquired or discovered

From this reading See https:// Garden City New York Doubleday, Page & Company In 1784 North Carolina’s share of the national debt was a ninth, or about five millions of dollars—a prodigious sum for a commonwealth just emerging from a colonial chrysalis to raise.

ninthnounUS /naɪnθ/

position nine in a countable series of things

From this reading See https:// Garden City New York Doubleday, Page & Company In 1784 North Carolina’s share of the national debt was a ninth, or about five millions of dollars—a prodigious sum for a commonwealth just emerging from a colonial chrysalis to raise.

nobleadjectiveUS /ˈnoʊbəl/

impressive in appearance

From this reading This noble realm, from which the State of Tennessee was to be fashioned, had been won by confiscation and the rifles of the over-mountain settlers and had cost North Carolina neither blood nor money.

norconjunctionUS /nɔːr/

and not; used after a negative to add a second negative

From this reading This noble realm, from which the State of Tennessee was to be fashioned, had been won by confiscation and the rifles of the over-mountain settlers and had cost North Carolina neither blood nor money.

NorthnounUS /nɔːrθ/

the region of the United States lying to the north of the Mason-Dixon line

From this reading See https:// Garden City New York Doubleday, Page & Company In 1784 North Carolina’s share of the national debt was a ninth, or about five millions of dollars—a prodigious sum for a commonwealth just emerging from a colonial chrysalis to raise.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading See https:// Garden City New York Doubleday, Page & Company In 1784 North Carolina’s share of the national debt was a ninth, or about five millions of dollars—a prodigious sum for a commonwealth just emerging from a colonial chrysalis to raise.

onprepositionUS /ɑːn/

touching and supported by a surface

From this reading A man might be a New Yorker, a New Englander, a Virginian and so on, but as yet seldom an American.

orconjunctionUS /ɔːr/

used to join alternatives or possibilities

From this reading See https:// Garden City New York Doubleday, Page & Company In 1784 North Carolina’s share of the national debt was a ninth, or about five millions of dollars—a prodigious sum for a commonwealth just emerging from a colonial chrysalis to raise.

over-mountain

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading This noble realm, from which the State of Tennessee was to be fashioned, had been won by confiscation and the rifles of the over-mountain settlers and had cost North Carolina neither blood nor money.

PagenounUS /peɪdʒ/

one side of one leaf (of a book or magazine or newspaper or letter etc.) or the written or pictorial matter it contains

From this reading See https:// Garden City New York Doubleday, Page & Company In 1784 North Carolina’s share of the national debt was a ninth, or about five millions of dollars—a prodigious sum for a commonwealth just emerging from a colonial chrysalis to raise.

possessedadjectiveUS /pəˈzest/

influenced or controlled by a powerful force such as a strong emotion

From this reading Yet North Carolina was more fortunate than some of her sister débutantes into Statehood, in that she possessed some twenty-nine million acres of virgin country beyond the Alleghanies.

prodigiousadjectiveUS /prəˈdɪdʒəs/

so great in size or force or extent as to elicit awe

From this reading See https:// Garden City New York Doubleday, Page & Company In 1784 North Carolina’s share of the national debt was a ninth, or about five millions of dollars—a prodigious sum for a commonwealth just emerging from a colonial chrysalis to raise.

raiseverbUS /reɪz/

raise the level or amount of something

From this reading See https:// Garden City New York Doubleday, Page & Company In 1784 North Carolina’s share of the national debt was a ninth, or about five millions of dollars—a prodigious sum for a commonwealth just emerging from a colonial chrysalis to raise.

realmnounUS /relm/

a domain in which something is dominant

From this reading This noble realm, from which the State of Tennessee was to be fashioned, had been won by confiscation and the rifles of the over-mountain settlers and had cost North Carolina neither blood nor money.

republicnounUS /riˈpʌblək/

a political system in which the supreme power lies in a body of citizens who can elect people to represent them

From this reading The republic was too young to have developed coalescence.

riflesnounUS /ˈraɪfəlz/

plural of “rifle” — a shoulder firearm with a long barrel and a rifled bore

From this reading This noble realm, from which the State of Tennessee was to be fashioned, had been won by confiscation and the rifles of the over-mountain settlers and had cost North Carolina neither blood nor money.

SeeverbUS /siː/

perceive by sight or have the power to perceive by sight

From this reading See https:// Garden City New York Doubleday, Page & Company In 1784 North Carolina’s share of the national debt was a ninth, or about five millions of dollars—a prodigious sum for a commonwealth just emerging from a colonial chrysalis to raise.

seldomadverbUS /ˈseldəm/

not often

From this reading A man might be a New Yorker, a New Englander, a Virginian and so on, but as yet seldom an American.

settlersnounUS /ˈsetlərz/

plural of “settler” — a person who settles in a new colony or moves into new country

From this reading This noble realm, from which the State of Tennessee was to be fashioned, had been won by confiscation and the rifles of the over-mountain settlers and had cost North Carolina neither blood nor money.

shareverbUS /ʃer/

have in common

From this reading See https:// Garden City New York Doubleday, Page & Company In 1784 North Carolina’s share of the national debt was a ninth, or about five millions of dollars—a prodigious sum for a commonwealth just emerging from a colonial chrysalis to raise.

shepronounUS /ʃiː/

a woman, girl, or female animal already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading Yet North Carolina was more fortunate than some of her sister débutantes into Statehood, in that she possessed some twenty-nine million acres of virgin country beyond the Alleghanies.

sisternounUS /ˈsɪstər/

a female person who has the same parents as another person

From this reading Yet North Carolina was more fortunate than some of her sister débutantes into Statehood, in that she possessed some twenty-nine million acres of virgin country beyond the Alleghanies.

soconjunctionUS /soʊ/

for that reason; with the result that

From this reading A man might be a New Yorker, a New Englander, a Virginian and so on, but as yet seldom an American.

someadjectiveUS /sʌm/

(quantifier) used with either mass nouns or plural count nouns to indicate an unspecified number or quantity

From this reading Yet North Carolina was more fortunate than some of her sister débutantes into Statehood, in that she possessed some twenty-nine million acres of virgin country beyond the Alleghanies.

StatenounUS /steɪt/

the territory occupied by one of the constituent administrative districts of a nation

From this reading This noble realm, from which the State of Tennessee was to be fashioned, had been won by confiscation and the rifles of the over-mountain settlers and had cost North Carolina neither blood nor money.

Statehood

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Yet North Carolina was more fortunate than some of her sister débutantes into Statehood, in that she possessed some twenty-nine million acres of virgin country beyond the Alleghanies.

sumnounUS /sʌm/

a quantity of money

From this reading See https:// Garden City New York Doubleday, Page & Company In 1784 North Carolina’s share of the national debt was a ninth, or about five millions of dollars—a prodigious sum for a commonwealth just emerging from a colonial chrysalis to raise.

TennesseenounUS /ˌtenəˈsiː/

a state in east central United States

From this reading This noble realm, from which the State of Tennessee was to be fashioned, had been won by confiscation and the rifles of the over-mountain settlers and had cost North Carolina neither blood nor money.

thanconjunctionUS /ðæn/

used to introduce the second part of a comparison

From this reading Yet North Carolina was more fortunate than some of her sister débutantes into Statehood, in that she possessed some twenty-nine million acres of virgin country beyond the Alleghanies.

thatconjunctionUS /ðæt/

used to introduce what somebody said, thought, or felt

From this reading Yet North Carolina was more fortunate than some of her sister débutantes into Statehood, in that she possessed some twenty-nine million acres of virgin country beyond the Alleghanies.

thedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading See https:// Garden City New York Doubleday, Page & Company In 1784 North Carolina’s share of the national debt was a ninth, or about five millions of dollars—a prodigious sum for a commonwealth just emerging from a colonial chrysalis to raise.

ThisdeterminerUS /ðɪs/

used for a person or thing that is near, or that has just been mentioned

From this reading This noble realm, from which the State of Tennessee was to be fashioned, had been won by confiscation and the rifles of the over-mountain settlers and had cost North Carolina neither blood nor money.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading See https:// Garden City New York Doubleday, Page & Company In 1784 North Carolina’s share of the national debt was a ninth, or about five millions of dollars—a prodigious sum for a commonwealth just emerging from a colonial chrysalis to raise.

tooadverbUS /tuː/

to a degree exceeding normal or proper limits

From this reading The republic was too young to have developed coalescence.

twenty-ninenoun

the cardinal number that is the sum of twenty-eight and one

From this reading Yet North Carolina was more fortunate than some of her sister débutantes into Statehood, in that she possessed some twenty-nine million acres of virgin country beyond the Alleghanies.

virginnounUS /ˈvɜːrdʒɪn/

a person who has never had sex

From this reading Yet North Carolina was more fortunate than some of her sister débutantes into Statehood, in that she possessed some twenty-nine million acres of virgin country beyond the Alleghanies.

VirginiannounUS /vərˈdʒɪnjən/

a native or resident of Virginia

From this reading A man might be a New Yorker, a New Englander, a Virginian and so on, but as yet seldom an American.

wasauxiliary verbUS /wɑːz/

the past form of “be” used with I, he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading See https:// Garden City New York Doubleday, Page & Company In 1784 North Carolina’s share of the national debt was a ninth, or about five millions of dollars—a prodigious sum for a commonwealth just emerging from a colonial chrysalis to raise.

whichpronounUS /wɪtʃ/

used to introduce a clause giving more about a thing just mentioned

From this reading This noble realm, from which the State of Tennessee was to be fashioned, had been won by confiscation and the rifles of the over-mountain settlers and had cost North Carolina neither blood nor money.

wonnounUS /wʌn/

the basic unit of money in South Korea

From this reading This noble realm, from which the State of Tennessee was to be fashioned, had been won by confiscation and the rifles of the over-mountain settlers and had cost North Carolina neither blood nor money.

YetconjunctionUS /jet/

but in spite of that

From this reading Yet North Carolina was more fortunate than some of her sister débutantes into Statehood, in that she possessed some twenty-nine million acres of virgin country beyond the Alleghanies.

YorknounUS /jɔːrk/

the English royal house (a branch of the Plantagenet line) that reigned from 1461 to 1485; its emblem was a white rose

From this reading See https:// Garden City New York Doubleday, Page & Company In 1784 North Carolina’s share of the national debt was a ninth, or about five millions of dollars—a prodigious sum for a commonwealth just emerging from a colonial chrysalis to raise.

Yorker

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading A man might be a New Yorker, a New Englander, a Virginian and so on, but as yet seldom an American.

youngadjectiveUS /jʌŋ/

(used of living things especially persons) in an early period of life or development or growth

From this reading The republic was too young to have developed coalescence.

Chapter 1 of Red Belts by Hugh Pendexter holds 25 sentences, grouped into 5 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 1 of Red Belts contain?

Chapter 1 holds 25 sentences of Red Belts, unabridged, divided into 5 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 1 of Red Belts by Hugh Pendexter exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 25 sentences, grouped into 5 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 1 of Red Belts?

Work through the 5 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 5 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 1 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 1 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading Red Belts

Common questions about reading Red Belts by Hugh Pendexter on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of Red Belts?

Yes. All 5462 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #48219 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of Red Belts is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #48219, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does Red Belts take to read?

About 455 minutes of reading across 1093 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

How to read Red Belts section by section

How to work through Red Belts section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.

  1. Open a chapter

    Choose one of the 14 chapters of Red Belts to begin.

  2. Read one section

    Each section holds 5 sentences; read it once through.

  3. Listen and tap

    Play the section aloud, then tap any unfamiliar word for its entry.

Vocabulary met early in Red Belts

Words and structures a reader meets early in Red Belts, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Https
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Red Belts; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Garden
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Red Belts; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Doubleday
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Red Belts; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Company
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Red Belts; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.