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Red Mesa
Red Mesa

Chapter X

Chapter 10 of Red Mesa is here in full — 242 sentences across 49 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Cover illustration for Red Mesa
Context Illustration Reading 1/48 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
THE DEFENSE OF RED MESA As the Mexican rifles whipped and sang in the crags sheep after sheep staggered and fell.
Hano’s eyes blazed with indignation.
At least six of these white-clad Mexicanos were up there and three of the sheep were killed, a noble ram and two ewes, but still the slaughter went on unceasingly.
That band of big horns and a few others like it around Pinacate were almost the sole meat supply of Hano’s tribe.
A few each year had been plenty to keep them all in meat.
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LEARNER DICTIONARY
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A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

Red Mesa

Chapter X

Chapter 10 of Red Mesa is here in full — 242 sentences across 49 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/48 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
THE DEFENSE OF RED MESA As the Mexican rifles whipped and sang in the crags sheep after sheep staggered and fell.
/ðə dɪˈfens ʌv red ˈmeɪsə æz ðə ˈmeksəkən ˈraɪfəlz wɪpt ənd sæŋ ɪn ðə kræɡz ʃiːp ˈæftər ʃiːp ˈstæɡərd ənd fel/
Line 2
Hano’s eyes blazed with indignation.
Line 3
At least six of these white-clad Mexicanos were up there and three of the sheep were killed, a noble ram and two ewes, but still the slaughter went on unceasingly.
Line 4
That band of big horns and a few others like it around Pinacate were almost the sole meat supply of Hano’s tribe.
Line 5
A few each year had been plenty to keep them all in meat.
/ə fjuː iːtʃ jɪr hæd bɪn ˈplenti tuː kiːp ðem ɔːl ɪn miːt/

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

blazed verb US /bleɪzd/

past form of “blaze” — shine brightly and intensively

From this reading “Hano’s eyes blazed with indignation.”

crags noun US /kræɡz/

plural of “crag” — a steep rugged rock or cliff

From this reading “THE DEFENSE OF RED MESA As the Mexican rifles whipped and sang in the crags sheep after sheep staggered and fell.”

defense noun US /dɪˈfens/

(military) military action or resources protecting a country against potential enemies

From this reading “THE DEFENSE OF RED MESA As the Mexican rifles whipped and sang in the crags sheep after sheep staggered and fell.”

ewes noun US /juːz/

plural of “ewe” — a member of a people living in southern Benin and Togo and southeastern Ghana

From this reading “At least six of these white-clad Mexicanos were up there and three of the sheep were killed, a noble ram and two ewes, but still the slaughter went on unceasingly.”

mesa noun US /ˈmeɪsə/

flat tableland with steep edges

From this reading “THE DEFENSE OF RED MESA As the Mexican rifles whipped and sang in the crags sheep after sheep staggered and fell.”

Mexicanos noun US /ˌmeksɪˈkɑːnoʊz/

plural of “mexicano” — a Mexican (or person of Mexican descent) living in the United States

From this reading “At least six of these white-clad Mexicanos were up there and three of the sheep were killed, a noble ram and two ewes, but still the slaughter went on unceasingly.”

ram verb US /ræm/

strike or drive against with a heavy impact

From this reading “At least six of these white-clad Mexicanos were up there and three of the sheep were killed, a noble ram and two ewes, but still the slaughter went on unceasingly.”

slaughter noun US /ˈslɔːtər/

the killing of animals (as for food)

From this reading “At least six of these white-clad Mexicanos were up there and three of the sheep were killed, a noble ram and two ewes, but still the slaughter went on unceasingly.”

Word partnerships in these lines

English keeps certain words together, and knowing the pair is worth more than knowing each word alone. Every partnership below was counted across our whole published library, and earns its place by appearing far more often than two unrelated words of the same frequency would.

Shown as this reading writes them, with the form the library counts, what kind of pairing it is, and how often it occurs.

eyes blazed noun + noun counted as “eyes blaze”

In this reading “Hano’s eyes blazed with indignation.”

least six adjective + noun

In this reading “At least six of these white-clad Mexicanos were up there and three of the sheep were killed, a noble ram and two ewes, but still the slaughter went on unceasingly.”

went on verb + particle counted as “go on”

continue a certain state, condition, or activity

In this reading “At least six of these white-clad Mexicanos were up there and three of the sheep were killed, a noble ram and two ewes, but still the slaughter went on unceasingly.”

with indignation preposition + noun

In this reading “Hano’s eyes blazed with indignation.”

supply of verb + particle

In this reading “That band of big horns and a few others like it around Pinacate were almost the sole meat supply of Hano’s tribe.”

All words in this reading · 68

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading At least six of these white-clad Mexicanos were up there and three of the sheep were killed, a noble ram and two ewes, but still the slaughter went on unceasingly.

afterprepositionUS /ˈæftər/

later than; following

From this reading THE DEFENSE OF RED MESA As the Mexican rifles whipped and sang in the crags sheep after sheep staggered and fell.

alladjectiveUS /ɔːl/

(quantifier) used with either mass or count nouns to indicate the whole number or amount of or every one of a class

From this reading A few each year had been plenty to keep them all in meat.

almostadverbUS /ˈɔːlmoʊst/

(of actions or states) slightly short of or not quite accomplished; all but

From this reading That band of big horns and a few others like it around Pinacate were almost the sole meat supply of Hano’s tribe.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading THE DEFENSE OF RED MESA As the Mexican rifles whipped and sang in the crags sheep after sheep staggered and fell.

aroundprepositionUS /ərˈaʊnd/

surrounding, or on every side of, something

From this reading That band of big horns and a few others like it around Pinacate were almost the sole meat supply of Hano’s tribe.

AsconjunctionUS /æz/

at the same time that; because; in the way that

From this reading THE DEFENSE OF RED MESA As the Mexican rifles whipped and sang in the crags sheep after sheep staggered and fell.

AtprepositionUS /æt/

in or near a particular place or position

From this reading At least six of these white-clad Mexicanos were up there and three of the sheep were killed, a noble ram and two ewes, but still the slaughter went on unceasingly.

bandnounUS /bænd/

an unofficial association of people or groups

From this reading That band of big horns and a few others like it around Pinacate were almost the sole meat supply of Hano’s tribe.

beenauxiliary verbUS /bɪn/

the past participle of “be”

From this reading A few each year had been plenty to keep them all in meat.

bigadjectiveUS /bɪɡ/

above average in size or number or quantity or magnitude or extent

From this reading That band of big horns and a few others like it around Pinacate were almost the sole meat supply of Hano’s tribe.

blazedverbUS /bleɪzd/

past form of “blaze” — shine brightly and intensively

From this reading Hano’s eyes blazed with indignation.

butconjunctionUS /bʌt/

used to introduce something that contrasts with what came before

From this reading At least six of these white-clad Mexicanos were up there and three of the sheep were killed, a noble ram and two ewes, but still the slaughter went on unceasingly.

cragsnounUS /kræɡz/

plural of “crag” — a steep rugged rock or cliff

From this reading THE DEFENSE OF RED MESA As the Mexican rifles whipped and sang in the crags sheep after sheep staggered and fell.

DEFENSEnounUS /dɪˈfens/

(military) military action or resources protecting a country against potential enemies

From this reading THE DEFENSE OF RED MESA As the Mexican rifles whipped and sang in the crags sheep after sheep staggered and fell.

eachdeterminerUS /iːtʃ/

every one of two or more people or things, taken separately

From this reading A few each year had been plenty to keep them all in meat.

ewesnounUS /juːz/

plural of “ewe” — a member of a people living in southern Benin and Togo and southeastern Ghana

From this reading At least six of these white-clad Mexicanos were up there and three of the sheep were killed, a noble ram and two ewes, but still the slaughter went on unceasingly.

eyesnounUS /aɪz/

opinion or judgment

From this reading Hano’s eyes blazed with indignation.

fellverbUS /fel/

cause to fall by or as if by delivering a blow

From this reading THE DEFENSE OF RED MESA As the Mexican rifles whipped and sang in the crags sheep after sheep staggered and fell.

fewadjectiveUS /fjuː/

a quantifier that can be used with count nouns and is often preceded by “a”; a small but indefinite number

From this reading That band of big horns and a few others like it around Pinacate were almost the sole meat supply of Hano’s tribe.

hadauxiliary verbUS /hæd/

the past form of “have”, used to form the past perfect

From this reading A few each year had been plenty to keep them all in meat.

Hano's

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Hano’s eyes blazed with indignation.

hornsnounUS /hɔːrnz/

plural of “horn” — a noisemaker (as at parties or games) that makes a loud noise when you blow through it

From this reading That band of big horns and a few others like it around Pinacate were almost the sole meat supply of Hano’s tribe.

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading THE DEFENSE OF RED MESA As the Mexican rifles whipped and sang in the crags sheep after sheep staggered and fell.

indignationnounUS /ˌɪndɪɡˈneɪʃən/

a feeling of righteous anger

From this reading Hano’s eyes blazed with indignation.

itpronounUS /ɪt/

a thing, animal, or idea already mentioned

From this reading That band of big horns and a few others like it around Pinacate were almost the sole meat supply of Hano’s tribe.

keepverbUS /kiːp/

cause to continue in a certain state, position, or activity; e.g., “keep clean”

From this reading A few each year had been plenty to keep them all in meat.

killedverbUS /kɪld/

past form of “kill” — cause to die; put to death, usually intentionally or knowingly

From this reading At least six of these white-clad Mexicanos were up there and three of the sheep were killed, a noble ram and two ewes, but still the slaughter went on unceasingly.

leastadjectiveUS /liːst/

the superlative of “little” that can be used with mass nouns and is usually preceded by “the”; a quantifier meaning smallest in amount or extent or degree

From this reading At least six of these white-clad Mexicanos were up there and three of the sheep were killed, a noble ram and two ewes, but still the slaughter went on unceasingly.

likeverbUS /laɪk/

prefer or wish to do something

From this reading That band of big horns and a few others like it around Pinacate were almost the sole meat supply of Hano’s tribe.

meatnounUS /miːt/

the flesh of animals (including fishes and birds and snails) used as food

From this reading That band of big horns and a few others like it around Pinacate were almost the sole meat supply of Hano’s tribe.

MESAnounUS /ˈmeɪsə/

flat tableland with steep edges

From this reading THE DEFENSE OF RED MESA As the Mexican rifles whipped and sang in the crags sheep after sheep staggered and fell.

MexicannounUS /ˈmeksəkən/

a native or inhabitant of Mexico

From this reading THE DEFENSE OF RED MESA As the Mexican rifles whipped and sang in the crags sheep after sheep staggered and fell.

MexicanosnounUS /ˌmeksɪˈkɑːnoʊz/

plural of “mexicano” — a Mexican (or person of Mexican descent) living in the United States

From this reading At least six of these white-clad Mexicanos were up there and three of the sheep were killed, a noble ram and two ewes, but still the slaughter went on unceasingly.

nobleadjectiveUS /ˈnoʊbəl/

impressive in appearance

From this reading At least six of these white-clad Mexicanos were up there and three of the sheep were killed, a noble ram and two ewes, but still the slaughter went on unceasingly.

OFprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading THE DEFENSE OF RED MESA As the Mexican rifles whipped and sang in the crags sheep after sheep staggered and fell.

onprepositionUS /ɑːn/

touching and supported by a surface

From this reading At least six of these white-clad Mexicanos were up there and three of the sheep were killed, a noble ram and two ewes, but still the slaughter went on unceasingly.

others

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading That band of big horns and a few others like it around Pinacate were almost the sole meat supply of Hano’s tribe.

Pinacate

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading That band of big horns and a few others like it around Pinacate were almost the sole meat supply of Hano’s tribe.

plentynounUS /ˈplenti/

a full supply

From this reading A few each year had been plenty to keep them all in meat.

ramverbUS /ræm/

strike or drive against with a heavy impact

From this reading At least six of these white-clad Mexicanos were up there and three of the sheep were killed, a noble ram and two ewes, but still the slaughter went on unceasingly.

REDnounUS /red/

red color or pigment; the chromatic color resembling the hue of blood

From this reading THE DEFENSE OF RED MESA As the Mexican rifles whipped and sang in the crags sheep after sheep staggered and fell.

riflesnounUS /ˈraɪfəlz/

plural of “rifle” — a shoulder firearm with a long barrel and a rifled bore

From this reading THE DEFENSE OF RED MESA As the Mexican rifles whipped and sang in the crags sheep after sheep staggered and fell.

sangnounUS /sæŋ/

North American woodland herb similar to and used as substitute for the Chinese ginseng

From this reading THE DEFENSE OF RED MESA As the Mexican rifles whipped and sang in the crags sheep after sheep staggered and fell.

sheepnounUS /ʃiːp/

woolly usually horned ruminant mammal related to the goat

From this reading THE DEFENSE OF RED MESA As the Mexican rifles whipped and sang in the crags sheep after sheep staggered and fell.

sixnounUS /sɪks/

the cardinal number that is the sum of five and one

From this reading At least six of these white-clad Mexicanos were up there and three of the sheep were killed, a noble ram and two ewes, but still the slaughter went on unceasingly.

slaughternounUS /ˈslɔːtər/

the killing of animals (as for food)

From this reading At least six of these white-clad Mexicanos were up there and three of the sheep were killed, a noble ram and two ewes, but still the slaughter went on unceasingly.

solenounUS /soʊl/

the underside of footwear or a golf club

From this reading That band of big horns and a few others like it around Pinacate were almost the sole meat supply of Hano’s tribe.

staggeredverbUS /ˈstæɡərd/

past form of “stagger” — walk as if unable to control one's movements

From this reading THE DEFENSE OF RED MESA As the Mexican rifles whipped and sang in the crags sheep after sheep staggered and fell.

stilladjectiveUS /stɪl/

not in physical motion

From this reading At least six of these white-clad Mexicanos were up there and three of the sheep were killed, a noble ram and two ewes, but still the slaughter went on unceasingly.

supplyverbUS /səˈplaɪ/

give something useful or necessary to

From this reading That band of big horns and a few others like it around Pinacate were almost the sole meat supply of Hano’s tribe.

ThatconjunctionUS /ðæt/

used to introduce what somebody said, thought, or felt

From this reading That band of big horns and a few others like it around Pinacate were almost the sole meat supply of Hano’s tribe.

THEdeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading THE DEFENSE OF RED MESA As the Mexican rifles whipped and sang in the crags sheep after sheep staggered and fell.

thempronounUS /ðem/

the people or things already mentioned, as the object

From this reading A few each year had been plenty to keep them all in meat.

thereadverbUS /ðer/

in or at that place or location

From this reading At least six of these white-clad Mexicanos were up there and three of the sheep were killed, a noble ram and two ewes, but still the slaughter went on unceasingly.

thesedeterminerUS /ðiːz/

the plural of “this”: the people or things near, or just mentioned

From this reading At least six of these white-clad Mexicanos were up there and three of the sheep were killed, a noble ram and two ewes, but still the slaughter went on unceasingly.

threenounUS /θriː/

the cardinal number that is the sum of one and one and one

From this reading At least six of these white-clad Mexicanos were up there and three of the sheep were killed, a noble ram and two ewes, but still the slaughter went on unceasingly.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading A few each year had been plenty to keep them all in meat.

tribenounUS /traɪb/

a social division of (usually preliterate) people

From this reading That band of big horns and a few others like it around Pinacate were almost the sole meat supply of Hano’s tribe.

twonounUS /tuː/

the cardinal number that is the sum of one and one or a numeral representing this number

From this reading At least six of these white-clad Mexicanos were up there and three of the sheep were killed, a noble ram and two ewes, but still the slaughter went on unceasingly.

unceasinglyadverb

with unflagging resolve

From this reading At least six of these white-clad Mexicanos were up there and three of the sheep were killed, a noble ram and two ewes, but still the slaughter went on unceasingly.

upadjectiveUS /ʌp/

being or moving higher in position or greater in some value; being above a former position or level

From this reading At least six of these white-clad Mexicanos were up there and three of the sheep were killed, a noble ram and two ewes, but still the slaughter went on unceasingly.

wentverbUS /went/

inflected form of “go” — change location; move, travel, or proceed, also metaphorically

From this reading At least six of these white-clad Mexicanos were up there and three of the sheep were killed, a noble ram and two ewes, but still the slaughter went on unceasingly.

wereauxiliary verbUS /wɜːr/

the past form of “be” used with you, we, they, or a plural noun

From this reading At least six of these white-clad Mexicanos were up there and three of the sheep were killed, a noble ram and two ewes, but still the slaughter went on unceasingly.

whippedverbUS /wɪpt/

inflected form of “whip” — beat severely with a whip or rod

From this reading THE DEFENSE OF RED MESA As the Mexican rifles whipped and sang in the crags sheep after sheep staggered and fell.

white-clad

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading At least six of these white-clad Mexicanos were up there and three of the sheep were killed, a noble ram and two ewes, but still the slaughter went on unceasingly.

withprepositionUS /wɪð/

in the company of; together with

From this reading Hano’s eyes blazed with indignation.

yearnounUS /jɪr/

a period of time containing 365 (or 366) days

From this reading A few each year had been plenty to keep them all in meat.

Chapter 10 of Red Mesa by Warren H. (Warren Hastings) Miller holds 242 sentences, grouped into 49 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 10 of Red Mesa contain?

Chapter 10 holds 242 sentences of Red Mesa, unabridged, divided into 49 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 10 of Red Mesa by Warren H. (Warren Hastings) Miller exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 242 sentences, grouped into 49 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 10 of Red Mesa?

Work through the 49 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 49 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 10 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 10 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading Red Mesa

Common questions about reading Red Mesa by Warren H. (Warren Hastings) Miller on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of Red Mesa?

Yes. All 0 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #? are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of Red Mesa is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #?, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does Red Mesa take to read?

About 5 minutes of reading across 0 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

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Vocabulary met early in Red Mesa

Words and structures a reader meets early in Red Mesa, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Chapter 1
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Chapter 2
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Chapter 3
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