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Reel Life Films
Reel Life Films

Chapter I · Chapter 1

Chapter 1 of Reel Life Films is here in full — 228 sentences across 46 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Cover illustration for Reel Life Films
Context Illustration Reading 1/45 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
_At least a contributing factor to the current cycle of science fiction movies being made in Hollywood is the touchiness of minorities having their nationals being portrayed as villains.
Cinema-makers are now trying to avoid further boycotts by using space aliens for villains.
But suppose some of our Extraterrestrial neighbors are also a bit touchy?_ Pity the poor purveyor of mere entertainment in today's world.
He can't afford to offend a soul, yet must have a villain.
Twenty-five years ago Cyril Bezdek and E. Carter Dorwin would have met in a private railway car belonging to one of them.
0:00 / 0:00
Speed 0.75x
AI-generated narration by OpenAI · Slow US English
LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

Reel Life Films

Chapter I · Chapter 1

Chapter 1 of Reel Life Films is here in full — 228 sentences across 46 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/45 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
_At least a contributing factor to the current cycle of science fiction movies being made in Hollywood is the touchiness of minorities having their nationals being portrayed as villains.
Line 2
Cinema-makers are now trying to avoid further boycotts by using space aliens for villains.
Line 3
But suppose some of our Extraterrestrial neighbors are also a bit touchy?_ Pity the poor purveyor of mere entertainment in today's world.
/bʌt səˈpoʊz sʌm ʌv ˈaʊər ˌekstrətərˈestriəl ˈneɪbərz ɑːr ˈɔːlsoʊ ə bɪt ˈtʌtʃi ˈpɪti ðə puːr pərˈveɪər ʌv mɪr ˌentərˈteɪnmənt ɪn təˈdeɪz wɜːrld/
Line 4
He can't afford to offend a soul, yet must have a villain.
Line 5
Twenty-five years ago Cyril Bezdek and E. Carter Dorwin would have met in a private railway car belonging to one of them.

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

aliens noun US /ˈeɪliənz/

plural of “alien” — a person who comes from a foreign country; someone who does not owe allegiance to your country

From this reading “Cinema-makers are now trying to avoid further boycotts by using space aliens for villains.”

boycotts noun US /ˈbɔɪkɑːts/

plural of “boycott” — a group's refusal to have commercial dealings with some organization in protest against its policies

From this reading “Cinema-makers are now trying to avoid further boycotts by using space aliens for villains.”

Extraterrestrial adjective US /ˌekstrətərˈestriəl/

originating or located or occurring outside Earth or its atmosphere

From this reading “But suppose some of our Extraterrestrial neighbors are also a bit touchy?_ Pity the poor purveyor of mere entertainment in today's world.”

Hollywood noun US /ˈhɑːliwʊd/

the film industry of the United States

From this reading “_At least a contributing factor to the current cycle of science fiction movies being made in Hollywood is the touchiness of minorities having their nationals being portrayed as villains.”

minorities noun US /maɪˈnɔːrətiz/

plural of “minority” — a group of people who differ racially or politically from a larger group of which it is a part

From this reading “_At least a contributing factor to the current cycle of science fiction movies being made in Hollywood is the touchiness of minorities having their nationals being portrayed as villains.”

nationals noun US /ˈnæʃənəlz/

plural of “national” — a person who owes allegiance to that nation

From this reading “_At least a contributing factor to the current cycle of science fiction movies being made in Hollywood is the touchiness of minorities having their nationals being portrayed as villains.”

purveyor noun US /pərˈveɪər/

someone who supplies provisions (especially food)

From this reading “But suppose some of our Extraterrestrial neighbors are also a bit touchy?_ Pity the poor purveyor of mere entertainment in today's world.”

today's noun US /təˈdeɪz/

possessive form of “today” — the present time or age

From this reading “But suppose some of our Extraterrestrial neighbors are also a bit touchy?_ Pity the poor purveyor of mere entertainment in today's world.”

All words in this reading · 80

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading _At least a contributing factor to the current cycle of science fiction movies being made in Hollywood is the touchiness of minorities having their nationals being portrayed as villains.

affordverbUS /əˈfɔːrd/

be able to spare or give up

From this reading He can't afford to offend a soul, yet must have a villain.

agoadverbUS /əˈɡoʊ/

in the past

From this reading Twenty-five years ago Cyril Bezdek and E. Carter Dorwin would have met in a private railway car belonging to one of them.

aliensnounUS /ˈeɪliənz/

plural of “alien” — a person who comes from a foreign country; someone who does not owe allegiance to your country

From this reading Cinema-makers are now trying to avoid further boycotts by using space aliens for villains.

alsoadverbUS /ˈɔːlsoʊ/

in addition

From this reading But suppose some of our Extraterrestrial neighbors are also a bit touchy?_ Pity the poor purveyor of mere entertainment in today's world.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading Twenty-five years ago Cyril Bezdek and E. Carter Dorwin would have met in a private railway car belonging to one of them.

areauxiliary verbUS /ɑːr/

the form of “be” used with you, we, they, or a plural noun

From this reading Cinema-makers are now trying to avoid further boycotts by using space aliens for villains.

asconjunctionUS /æz/

at the same time that; because; in the way that

From this reading _At least a contributing factor to the current cycle of science fiction movies being made in Hollywood is the touchiness of minorities having their nationals being portrayed as villains.

AtprepositionUS /æt/

in or near a particular place or position

From this reading _At least a contributing factor to the current cycle of science fiction movies being made in Hollywood is the touchiness of minorities having their nationals being portrayed as villains.

avoidverbUS /əˈvɔɪd/

stay clear from; keep away from; keep out of the way of someone or something

From this reading Cinema-makers are now trying to avoid further boycotts by using space aliens for villains.

beingauxiliary verbUS /ˈbiːɪŋ/

the -ing form of “be”

From this reading _At least a contributing factor to the current cycle of science fiction movies being made in Hollywood is the touchiness of minorities having their nationals being portrayed as villains.

belongingnounUS /bɪˈlɔːŋɪŋ/

happiness felt in a secure relationship

From this reading Twenty-five years ago Cyril Bezdek and E. Carter Dorwin would have met in a private railway car belonging to one of them.

Bezdek

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Twenty-five years ago Cyril Bezdek and E. Carter Dorwin would have met in a private railway car belonging to one of them.

bitnounUS /bɪt/

a small piece or quantity of something

From this reading But suppose some of our Extraterrestrial neighbors are also a bit touchy?_ Pity the poor purveyor of mere entertainment in today's world.

boycottsnounUS /ˈbɔɪkɑːts/

plural of “boycott” — a group's refusal to have commercial dealings with some organization in protest against its policies

From this reading Cinema-makers are now trying to avoid further boycotts by using space aliens for villains.

ButconjunctionUS /bʌt/

used to introduce something that contrasts with what came before

From this reading But suppose some of our Extraterrestrial neighbors are also a bit touchy?_ Pity the poor purveyor of mere entertainment in today's world.

byprepositionUS /baɪ/

showing who or what does the action

From this reading Cinema-makers are now trying to avoid further boycotts by using space aliens for villains.

can't

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading He can't afford to offend a soul, yet must have a villain.

carnounUS /kɑːr/

a motor vehicle with four wheels; usually propelled by an internal combustion engine

From this reading Twenty-five years ago Cyril Bezdek and E. Carter Dorwin would have met in a private railway car belonging to one of them.

CarternounUS /ˈkɑːrtər/

Englishman and Egyptologist who in 1922 discovered and excavated the tomb of Tutankhamen (1873-1939)

From this reading Twenty-five years ago Cyril Bezdek and E. Carter Dorwin would have met in a private railway car belonging to one of them.

Cinema-makers

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Cinema-makers are now trying to avoid further boycotts by using space aliens for villains.

contributingadjectiveUS /kənˈtrɪbjuːtɪŋ/

tending to bring about; being partly responsible for

From this reading _At least a contributing factor to the current cycle of science fiction movies being made in Hollywood is the touchiness of minorities having their nationals being portrayed as villains.

currentnounUS /ˈkɜːrənt/

a flow of electricity through a conductor

From this reading _At least a contributing factor to the current cycle of science fiction movies being made in Hollywood is the touchiness of minorities having their nationals being portrayed as villains.

cyclenounUS /ˈsaɪkəl/

an interval during which a recurring sequence of events occurs

From this reading _At least a contributing factor to the current cycle of science fiction movies being made in Hollywood is the touchiness of minorities having their nationals being portrayed as villains.

CyrilnounUS /ˈsɪrəl/

Greek missionary; the invention of the Cyrillic alphabet is attributed to him (826-869)

From this reading Twenty-five years ago Cyril Bezdek and E. Carter Dorwin would have met in a private railway car belonging to one of them.

Dorwin

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Twenty-five years ago Cyril Bezdek and E. Carter Dorwin would have met in a private railway car belonging to one of them.

EnounUS /iː/

a fat-soluble vitamin that is essential for normal reproduction; an important antioxidant that neutralizes free radicals in the body

From this reading Twenty-five years ago Cyril Bezdek and E. Carter Dorwin would have met in a private railway car belonging to one of them.

entertainmentnounUS /ˌentərˈteɪnmənt/

an activity that is diverting and that holds the attention

From this reading But suppose some of our Extraterrestrial neighbors are also a bit touchy?_ Pity the poor purveyor of mere entertainment in today's world.

ExtraterrestrialadjectiveUS /ˌekstrətərˈestriəl/

originating or located or occurring outside Earth or its atmosphere

From this reading But suppose some of our Extraterrestrial neighbors are also a bit touchy?_ Pity the poor purveyor of mere entertainment in today's world.

factornounUS /ˈfæktər/

anything that contributes causally to a result

From this reading _At least a contributing factor to the current cycle of science fiction movies being made in Hollywood is the touchiness of minorities having their nationals being portrayed as villains.

fictionnounUS /ˈfɪkʃən/

a literary work based on the imagination and not necessarily on fact

From this reading _At least a contributing factor to the current cycle of science fiction movies being made in Hollywood is the touchiness of minorities having their nationals being portrayed as villains.

forprepositionUS /fɔːr/

intended to be given to, or used by, somebody

From this reading Cinema-makers are now trying to avoid further boycotts by using space aliens for villains.

furtheradverbUS /ˈfɜːrðər/

to or at a greater extent or degree or a more advanced stage (“further” is used more often than “farther” in this abstract sense)

From this reading Cinema-makers are now trying to avoid further boycotts by using space aliens for villains.

haveauxiliary verbUS /hæv/

used with a past participle to form the perfect tenses

From this reading He can't afford to offend a soul, yet must have a villain.

havingauxiliary verbUS /ˈhævɪŋ/

the -ing form of “have”

From this reading _At least a contributing factor to the current cycle of science fiction movies being made in Hollywood is the touchiness of minorities having their nationals being portrayed as villains.

HepronounUS /hiː/

a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading He can't afford to offend a soul, yet must have a villain.

HollywoodnounUS /ˈhɑːliwʊd/

the film industry of the United States

From this reading _At least a contributing factor to the current cycle of science fiction movies being made in Hollywood is the touchiness of minorities having their nationals being portrayed as villains.

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading _At least a contributing factor to the current cycle of science fiction movies being made in Hollywood is the touchiness of minorities having their nationals being portrayed as villains.

isauxiliary verbUS /ɪz/

the form of “be” used with he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading _At least a contributing factor to the current cycle of science fiction movies being made in Hollywood is the touchiness of minorities having their nationals being portrayed as villains.

leastadjectiveUS /liːst/

the superlative of “little” that can be used with mass nouns and is usually preceded by “the”; a quantifier meaning smallest in amount or extent or degree

From this reading _At least a contributing factor to the current cycle of science fiction movies being made in Hollywood is the touchiness of minorities having their nationals being portrayed as villains.

madeadjectiveUS /meɪd/

produced by a manufacturing process

From this reading _At least a contributing factor to the current cycle of science fiction movies being made in Hollywood is the touchiness of minorities having their nationals being portrayed as villains.

mereadjectiveUS /mɪr/

being nothing more than specified

From this reading But suppose some of our Extraterrestrial neighbors are also a bit touchy?_ Pity the poor purveyor of mere entertainment in today's world.

metverbUS /met/

inflected form of “meet” — come together

From this reading Twenty-five years ago Cyril Bezdek and E. Carter Dorwin would have met in a private railway car belonging to one of them.

minoritiesnounUS /maɪˈnɔːrətiz/

plural of “minority” — a group of people who differ racially or politically from a larger group of which it is a part

From this reading _At least a contributing factor to the current cycle of science fiction movies being made in Hollywood is the touchiness of minorities having their nationals being portrayed as villains.

moviesnounUS /ˈmuːviz/

plural of “movie” — a form of entertainment that enacts a story by sound and a sequence of images giving the illusion of continuous movement

From this reading _At least a contributing factor to the current cycle of science fiction movies being made in Hollywood is the touchiness of minorities having their nationals being portrayed as villains.

mustmodal verbUS /mʌst/

used to say something is necessary, or almost certainly true

From this reading He can't afford to offend a soul, yet must have a villain.

nationalsnounUS /ˈnæʃənəlz/

plural of “national” — a person who owes allegiance to that nation

From this reading _At least a contributing factor to the current cycle of science fiction movies being made in Hollywood is the touchiness of minorities having their nationals being portrayed as villains.

neighborsnounUS /ˈneɪbərz/

plural of “neighbor” — a person who lives (or is located) near another

From this reading But suppose some of our Extraterrestrial neighbors are also a bit touchy?_ Pity the poor purveyor of mere entertainment in today's world.

nowadverbUS /naʊ/

in the historical present; at this point in the narration of a series of past events

From this reading Cinema-makers are now trying to avoid further boycotts by using space aliens for villains.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading _At least a contributing factor to the current cycle of science fiction movies being made in Hollywood is the touchiness of minorities having their nationals being portrayed as villains.

offendverbUS /əˈfend/

cause to feel resentment or indignation

From this reading He can't afford to offend a soul, yet must have a villain.

onepronounUS /wʌn/

used to mean any person in general, including the speaker

From this reading Twenty-five years ago Cyril Bezdek and E. Carter Dorwin would have met in a private railway car belonging to one of them.

ourdeterminerUS /ˈaʊər/

belonging to the speaker and others

From this reading But suppose some of our Extraterrestrial neighbors are also a bit touchy?_ Pity the poor purveyor of mere entertainment in today's world.

PitynounUS /ˈpɪti/

a feeling of sympathy and sorrow for the misfortunes of others

From this reading But suppose some of our Extraterrestrial neighbors are also a bit touchy?_ Pity the poor purveyor of mere entertainment in today's world.

pooradjectiveUS /puːr/

deserving or inciting pity

From this reading But suppose some of our Extraterrestrial neighbors are also a bit touchy?_ Pity the poor purveyor of mere entertainment in today's world.

portrayedadjectiveUS /pɔːrˈtreɪd/

represented graphically by sketch or design or lines

From this reading _At least a contributing factor to the current cycle of science fiction movies being made in Hollywood is the touchiness of minorities having their nationals being portrayed as villains.

privateadjectiveUS /ˈpraɪvət/

confined to particular persons or groups or providing privacy

From this reading Twenty-five years ago Cyril Bezdek and E. Carter Dorwin would have met in a private railway car belonging to one of them.

purveyornounUS /pərˈveɪər/

someone who supplies provisions (especially food)

From this reading But suppose some of our Extraterrestrial neighbors are also a bit touchy?_ Pity the poor purveyor of mere entertainment in today's world.

railwaynounUS /ˈreɪlweɪ/

line that is the commercial organization responsible for operating a system of transportation for trains that pull passengers or freight

From this reading Twenty-five years ago Cyril Bezdek and E. Carter Dorwin would have met in a private railway car belonging to one of them.

sciencenounUS /ˈsaɪəns/

a particular branch of scientific knowledge

From this reading _At least a contributing factor to the current cycle of science fiction movies being made in Hollywood is the touchiness of minorities having their nationals being portrayed as villains.

someadjectiveUS /sʌm/

(quantifier) used with either mass nouns or plural count nouns to indicate an unspecified number or quantity

From this reading But suppose some of our Extraterrestrial neighbors are also a bit touchy?_ Pity the poor purveyor of mere entertainment in today's world.

soulnounUS /soʊl/

the immaterial part of a person; the actuating cause of an individual life

From this reading He can't afford to offend a soul, yet must have a villain.

spacenounUS /speɪs/

the unlimited expanse in which everything is located

From this reading Cinema-makers are now trying to avoid further boycotts by using space aliens for villains.

supposeverbUS /səˈpoʊz/

express a supposition

From this reading But suppose some of our Extraterrestrial neighbors are also a bit touchy?_ Pity the poor purveyor of mere entertainment in today's world.

thedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading _At least a contributing factor to the current cycle of science fiction movies being made in Hollywood is the touchiness of minorities having their nationals being portrayed as villains.

theirdeterminerUS /ðer/

belonging to the people or things already mentioned

From this reading _At least a contributing factor to the current cycle of science fiction movies being made in Hollywood is the touchiness of minorities having their nationals being portrayed as villains.

thempronounUS /ðem/

the people or things already mentioned, as the object

From this reading Twenty-five years ago Cyril Bezdek and E. Carter Dorwin would have met in a private railway car belonging to one of them.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading _At least a contributing factor to the current cycle of science fiction movies being made in Hollywood is the touchiness of minorities having their nationals being portrayed as villains.

today'snounUS /təˈdeɪz/

possessive form of “today” — the present time or age

From this reading But suppose some of our Extraterrestrial neighbors are also a bit touchy?_ Pity the poor purveyor of mere entertainment in today's world.

touchinessnoun

feeling easily irritated

From this reading _At least a contributing factor to the current cycle of science fiction movies being made in Hollywood is the touchiness of minorities having their nationals being portrayed as villains.

touchyadjectiveUS /ˈtʌtʃi/

quick to take offense

From this reading But suppose some of our Extraterrestrial neighbors are also a bit touchy?_ Pity the poor purveyor of mere entertainment in today's world.

tryingadjectiveUS /ˈtraɪɪŋ/

hard to endure

From this reading Cinema-makers are now trying to avoid further boycotts by using space aliens for villains.

Twenty-fiveadjectiveUS /ˈtwentifaɪv/

being five more than twenty

From this reading Twenty-five years ago Cyril Bezdek and E. Carter Dorwin would have met in a private railway car belonging to one of them.

usingnounUS /ˈjuːzɪŋ/

an act that exploits or victimizes someone (treats them unfairly)

From this reading Cinema-makers are now trying to avoid further boycotts by using space aliens for villains.

villainnounUS /ˈvɪlən/

a wicked or evil person; someone who does evil deliberately

From this reading He can't afford to offend a soul, yet must have a villain.

villainsnounUS /ˈvɪlənz/

plural of “villain” — a wicked or evil person; someone who does evil deliberately

From this reading _At least a contributing factor to the current cycle of science fiction movies being made in Hollywood is the touchiness of minorities having their nationals being portrayed as villains.

worldnounUS /wɜːrld/

everything that exists anywhere

From this reading But suppose some of our Extraterrestrial neighbors are also a bit touchy?_ Pity the poor purveyor of mere entertainment in today's world.

wouldmodal verbUS /wʊd/

used for something imagined, polite, or habitual in the past

From this reading Twenty-five years ago Cyril Bezdek and E. Carter Dorwin would have met in a private railway car belonging to one of them.

yearsnounUS /jɪrz/

a late time of life

From this reading Twenty-five years ago Cyril Bezdek and E. Carter Dorwin would have met in a private railway car belonging to one of them.

yetconjunctionUS /jet/

but in spite of that

From this reading He can't afford to offend a soul, yet must have a villain.

Chapter 1 of Reel Life Films by Sam, Jr. Merwin holds 228 sentences, grouped into 46 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 1 of Reel Life Films contain?

Chapter 1 holds 228 sentences of Reel Life Films, unabridged, divided into 46 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 1 of Reel Life Films by Sam, Jr. Merwin exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 228 sentences, grouped into 46 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 1 of Reel Life Films?

Work through the 46 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 46 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 1 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 1 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading Reel Life Films

Common questions about reading Reel Life Films by Sam, Jr. Merwin on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of Reel Life Films?

Yes. All 228 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #29209 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of Reel Life Films is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #29209, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does Reel Life Films take to read?

About 19 minutes of reading across 46 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

How to read Reel Life Films section by section

How to work through Reel Life Films section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.

  1. Open a chapter

    Choose one of the 1 chapters of Reel Life Films to begin.

  2. Read one section

    Each section holds 5 sentences; read it once through.

  3. Listen and tap

    Play the section aloud, then tap any unfamiliar word for its entry.

Vocabulary met early in Reel Life Films

Words and structures a reader meets early in Reel Life Films, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Least
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Reel Life Films; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Contributing
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Reel Life Films; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Factor
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Reel Life Films; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Current
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Reel Life Films; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.