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Reliques of Ancient English Poetry, Volume 3 (of 3)
Reliques of Ancient English Poetry, Volume 3 (of 3)

Chapter IV

Chapter 4 of Reliques of Ancient English Poetry, Volume 3 (of 3) is here in full — 6 sentences across 2 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Cover illustration for Reliques of Ancient English Poetry, Volume 3 (of 3)
Context Illustration Reading 1/1 · 6 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 6
Opens with a short exordium to bespeak attention: the hero is described; a natural son of Sir Gawain a celebrated knight of king Arthur's court, who being brought up in a forest by his mother, is kept ignorant of his name and descent.
He early exhibits marks of his courage, by killing a knight in single combat, who encountered him as he was hunting.
This inspires him with a desire of seeking adventures: therefore cloathing himself in his enemy's armour, he goes to K. Arthur's court, to request the order of knighthood.
His request granted, he obtains a promise of having the first adventure assigned him that shall offer.--A damsel named Ellen, attended by a dwarf, comes to implore K. Arthur's assistance, to rescue a young princess, "the Lady of Sinadone" their mistress, who is detained from her rights, and confined in prison.
The adventure is claimed by the young knight Sir Lybius: the king assents; the messengers are dissatisfied, and object to his youth; but are forced to acquiesce.
And here the first book closes with a description of the ceremony of equipping him forth.
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LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

Reliques of Ancient English Poetry, Volume 3 (of 3)

Chapter IV

Chapter 4 of Reliques of Ancient English Poetry, Volume 3 (of 3) is here in full — 6 sentences across 2 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/1 · 6 reading units · Lines 1–6

Line 1
Opens with a short exordium to bespeak attention: the hero is described; a natural son of Sir Gawain a celebrated knight of king Arthur's court, who being brought up in a forest by his mother, is kept ignorant of his name and descent.
Line 2
He early exhibits marks of his courage, by killing a knight in single combat, who encountered him as he was hunting.
/hiː ˈɜːrli ɪɡˈzɪbəts mɑːrks ʌv hɪz ˈkɜːrədʒ baɪ ˈkɪlɪŋ ə naɪt ɪn ˈsɪŋɡəl ˈkɑːmbæt huː ɪnˈkaʊntərd hɪm æz hiː wɑːz ˈhʌntɪŋ/
Line 3
This inspires him with a desire of seeking adventures: therefore cloathing himself in his enemy's armour, he goes to K. Arthur's court, to request the order of knighthood.
Line 4
His request granted, he obtains a promise of having the first adventure assigned him that shall offer.--A damsel named Ellen, attended by a dwarf, comes to implore K. Arthur's assistance, to rescue a young princess, "the Lady of Sinadone" their mistress, who is detained from her rights, and confined in prison.
Line 5
The adventure is claimed by the young knight Sir Lybius: the king assents; the messengers are dissatisfied, and object to his youth; but are forced to acquiesce.
Line 6
And here the first book closes with a description of the ceremony of equipping him forth.
/ənd hiːr ðə fɜːrst bʊk ˈkloʊzɪz wɪð ə dɪˈskrɪpʃən ʌv ðə ˈserəmoʊni ʌv ɪˈkwɪpɪŋ hɪm fɔːrθ/

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

acquiesce verb US /ˌækwiˈes/

to agree or express agreement

From this reading “The adventure is claimed by the young knight Sir Lybius: the king assents; the messengers are dissatisfied, and object to his youth; but are forced to acquiesce.”

bespeak verb US /bɪˈspiːk/

be a signal for or a symptom of

From this reading “Opens with a short exordium to bespeak attention: the hero is described; a natural son of Sir Gawain a celebrated knight of king Arthur's court, who being brought up in a forest by his mother, is kept ignorant of his name and descent.”

equipping noun US /ɪˈkwɪpɪŋ/

the act of equiping with weapons in preparation for war

From this reading “And here the first book closes with a description of the ceremony of equipping him forth.”

exhibits noun US /ɪɡˈzɪbəts/

plural of “exhibit” — an object or statement produced before a court of law and referred to while giving evidence

From this reading “He early exhibits marks of his courage, by killing a knight in single combat, who encountered him as he was hunting.”

Gawain noun US /ˈɡɑːwən/

(Arthurian legend) a nephew of Arthur and one of the knights of the Round Table

From this reading “Opens with a short exordium to bespeak attention: the hero is described; a natural son of Sir Gawain a celebrated knight of king Arthur's court, who being brought up in a forest by his mother, is kept ignorant of his name and descent.”

inspires verb US /ˌɪnˈspaɪrz/

third-person singular of “inspire” — heighten or intensify

From this reading “This inspires him with a desire of seeking adventures: therefore cloathing himself in his enemy's armour, he goes to K. Arthur's court, to request the order of knighthood.”

knighthood noun US /ˈnaɪthʊd/

aristocrats holding the rank of knight

From this reading “This inspires him with a desire of seeking adventures: therefore cloathing himself in his enemy's armour, he goes to K. Arthur's court, to request the order of knighthood.”

obtains verb US /əbˈteɪnz/

third-person singular of “obtain” — come into possession of

From this reading “His request granted, he obtains a promise of having the first adventure assigned him that shall offer.--A damsel named Ellen, attended by a dwarf, comes to implore K. Arthur's assistance, to rescue a young princess, "the Lady of Sinadone" their mistress, who is detained from her rights, and confined in prison.”

Word partnerships in these lines

English keeps certain words together, and knowing the pair is worth more than knowing each word alone. Every partnership below was counted across our whole published library, and earns its place by appearing far more often than two unrelated words of the same frequency would.

Shown as this reading writes them, with the form the library counts, what kind of pairing it is, and how often it occurs.

single combat adjective + noun

a fight between two people

In this reading “He early exhibits marks of his courage, by killing a knight in single combat, who encountered him as he was hunting.”

young knight adjective + noun

In this reading “The adventure is claimed by the young knight Sir Lybius: the king assents; the messengers are dissatisfied, and object to his youth; but are forced to acquiesce.”

brought up verb + adjective counted as “bring up”

summon into action or bring into existence, often as if by magic

In this reading “Opens with a short exordium to bespeak attention: the hero is described; a natural son of Sir Gawain a celebrated knight of king Arthur's court, who being brought up in a forest by his mother, is kept ignorant of his name and descent.”

of knighthood preposition + noun

In this reading “This inspires him with a desire of seeking adventures: therefore cloathing himself in his enemy's armour, he goes to K. Arthur's court, to request the order of knighthood.”

in prison preposition + noun

In this reading “His request granted, he obtains a promise of having the first adventure assigned him that shall offer.--A damsel named Ellen, attended by a dwarf, comes to implore K. Arthur's assistance, to rescue a young princess, "the Lady of Sinadone" their mistress, who is detained from her rights, and confined in prison.”

first book adjective + noun

In this reading “And here the first book closes with a description of the ceremony of equipping him forth.”

in a forest preposition + article + noun counted as “in … forest”

In this reading “Opens with a short exordium to bespeak attention: the hero is described; a natural son of Sir Gawain a celebrated knight of king Arthur's court, who being brought up in a forest by his mother, is kept ignorant of his name and descent.”

All words in this reading · 113

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading Opens with a short exordium to bespeak attention: the hero is described; a natural son of Sir Gawain a celebrated knight of king Arthur's court, who being brought up in a forest by his mother, is kept ignorant of his name and descent.

acquiesceverbUS /ˌækwiˈes/

to agree or express agreement

From this reading The adventure is claimed by the young knight Sir Lybius: the king assents; the messengers are dissatisfied, and object to his youth; but are forced to acquiesce.

adventureverbUS /ædˈventʃər/

take a risk in the hope of a favorable outcome

From this reading His request granted, he obtains a promise of having the first adventure assigned him that shall offer.--A damsel named Ellen, attended by a dwarf, comes to implore K. Arthur's assistance, to rescue a young princess, "the Lady of Sinadone" their mistress, who is detained from her rights, and confined in prison.

adventuresnounUS /ædˈventʃərz/

plural of “adventure” — a wild and exciting undertaking (not necessarily lawful)

From this reading This inspires him with a desire of seeking adventures: therefore cloathing himself in his enemy's armour, he goes to K. Arthur's court, to request the order of knighthood.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading Opens with a short exordium to bespeak attention: the hero is described; a natural son of Sir Gawain a celebrated knight of king Arthur's court, who being brought up in a forest by his mother, is kept ignorant of his name and descent.

areauxiliary verbUS /ɑːr/

the form of “be” used with you, we, they, or a plural noun

From this reading The adventure is claimed by the young knight Sir Lybius: the king assents; the messengers are dissatisfied, and object to his youth; but are forced to acquiesce.

armournounUS /ˈɑːrmər/

a military unit consisting of armored fighting vehicles

From this reading This inspires him with a desire of seeking adventures: therefore cloathing himself in his enemy's armour, he goes to K. Arthur's court, to request the order of knighthood.

Arthur'snounUS /ˈɑːrθərz/

possessive form of “arthur” — elected vice president and became 21st President of the United States when Garfield was assassinated (1830-1886)

From this reading Opens with a short exordium to bespeak attention: the hero is described; a natural son of Sir Gawain a celebrated knight of king Arthur's court, who being brought up in a forest by his mother, is kept ignorant of his name and descent.

asconjunctionUS /æz/

at the same time that; because; in the way that

From this reading He early exhibits marks of his courage, by killing a knight in single combat, who encountered him as he was hunting.

assents

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The adventure is claimed by the young knight Sir Lybius: the king assents; the messengers are dissatisfied, and object to his youth; but are forced to acquiesce.

assignedadjectiveUS /əˈsaɪnd/

appointed to a post or duty

From this reading His request granted, he obtains a promise of having the first adventure assigned him that shall offer.--A damsel named Ellen, attended by a dwarf, comes to implore K. Arthur's assistance, to rescue a young princess, "the Lady of Sinadone" their mistress, who is detained from her rights, and confined in prison.

assistancenounUS /əˈsɪstəns/

the activity of contributing to the fulfillment of a need or furtherance of an effort or purpose

From this reading His request granted, he obtains a promise of having the first adventure assigned him that shall offer.--A damsel named Ellen, attended by a dwarf, comes to implore K. Arthur's assistance, to rescue a young princess, "the Lady of Sinadone" their mistress, who is detained from her rights, and confined in prison.

attendedadjectiveUS /əˈtendɪd/

playing or singing with instrumental or vocal accompaniment

From this reading His request granted, he obtains a promise of having the first adventure assigned him that shall offer.--A damsel named Ellen, attended by a dwarf, comes to implore K. Arthur's assistance, to rescue a young princess, "the Lady of Sinadone" their mistress, who is detained from her rights, and confined in prison.

attentionnounUS /əˈtenʃən/

the process whereby a person concentrates on some features of the environment to the (relative) exclusion of others

From this reading Opens with a short exordium to bespeak attention: the hero is described; a natural son of Sir Gawain a celebrated knight of king Arthur's court, who being brought up in a forest by his mother, is kept ignorant of his name and descent.

beingauxiliary verbUS /ˈbiːɪŋ/

the -ing form of “be”

From this reading Opens with a short exordium to bespeak attention: the hero is described; a natural son of Sir Gawain a celebrated knight of king Arthur's court, who being brought up in a forest by his mother, is kept ignorant of his name and descent.

bespeakverbUS /bɪˈspiːk/

be a signal for or a symptom of

From this reading Opens with a short exordium to bespeak attention: the hero is described; a natural son of Sir Gawain a celebrated knight of king Arthur's court, who being brought up in a forest by his mother, is kept ignorant of his name and descent.

booknounUS /bʊk/

a written work or composition that has been published (printed on pages bound together)

From this reading And here the first book closes with a description of the ceremony of equipping him forth.

broughtverbUS /brɔːt/

inflected form of “bring” — take something or somebody with oneself somewhere

From this reading Opens with a short exordium to bespeak attention: the hero is described; a natural son of Sir Gawain a celebrated knight of king Arthur's court, who being brought up in a forest by his mother, is kept ignorant of his name and descent.

butconjunctionUS /bʌt/

used to introduce something that contrasts with what came before

From this reading The adventure is claimed by the young knight Sir Lybius: the king assents; the messengers are dissatisfied, and object to his youth; but are forced to acquiesce.

byprepositionUS /baɪ/

showing who or what does the action

From this reading Opens with a short exordium to bespeak attention: the hero is described; a natural son of Sir Gawain a celebrated knight of king Arthur's court, who being brought up in a forest by his mother, is kept ignorant of his name and descent.

celebratedadjectiveUS /ˈseləbreɪtɪd/

widely known and esteemed

From this reading Opens with a short exordium to bespeak attention: the hero is described; a natural son of Sir Gawain a celebrated knight of king Arthur's court, who being brought up in a forest by his mother, is kept ignorant of his name and descent.

ceremonynounUS /ˈserəmoʊni/

a formal event performed on a special occasion

From this reading And here the first book closes with a description of the ceremony of equipping him forth.

claimedverbUS /kleɪmd/

past form of “claim” — assert or affirm strongly; state to be true or existing

From this reading The adventure is claimed by the young knight Sir Lybius: the king assents; the messengers are dissatisfied, and object to his youth; but are forced to acquiesce.

cloathing

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading This inspires him with a desire of seeking adventures: therefore cloathing himself in his enemy's armour, he goes to K. Arthur's court, to request the order of knighthood.

closesnounUS /ˈkloʊzɪz/

plural of “close” — the temporal end; the concluding time

From this reading And here the first book closes with a description of the ceremony of equipping him forth.

combatnounUS /ˈkɑːmbæt/

an engagement fought between two military forces

From this reading He early exhibits marks of his courage, by killing a knight in single combat, who encountered him as he was hunting.

comesnounUS /kʌmz/

plural of “come” — the thick white fluid containing spermatozoa that is ejaculated by the male genital tract

From this reading His request granted, he obtains a promise of having the first adventure assigned him that shall offer.--A damsel named Ellen, attended by a dwarf, comes to implore K. Arthur's assistance, to rescue a young princess, "the Lady of Sinadone" their mistress, who is detained from her rights, and confined in prison.

confinedadjectiveUS /kənˈfaɪnd/

not invading healthy tissue

From this reading His request granted, he obtains a promise of having the first adventure assigned him that shall offer.--A damsel named Ellen, attended by a dwarf, comes to implore K. Arthur's assistance, to rescue a young princess, "the Lady of Sinadone" their mistress, who is detained from her rights, and confined in prison.

couragenounUS /ˈkɜːrədʒ/

a quality of spirit that enables you to face danger or pain without showing fear

From this reading He early exhibits marks of his courage, by killing a knight in single combat, who encountered him as he was hunting.

courtnounUS /kɔːrt/

an assembly (including one or more judges) to conduct judicial business

From this reading Opens with a short exordium to bespeak attention: the hero is described; a natural son of Sir Gawain a celebrated knight of king Arthur's court, who being brought up in a forest by his mother, is kept ignorant of his name and descent.

damselnounUS /ˈdæmzəl/

a young unmarried woman

From this reading His request granted, he obtains a promise of having the first adventure assigned him that shall offer.--A damsel named Ellen, attended by a dwarf, comes to implore K. Arthur's assistance, to rescue a young princess, "the Lady of Sinadone" their mistress, who is detained from her rights, and confined in prison.

descentnounUS /dɪˈsent/

An action of moving downward, dropping, or falling into a deeper place.

From this reading Opens with a short exordium to bespeak attention: the hero is described; a natural son of Sir Gawain a celebrated knight of king Arthur's court, who being brought up in a forest by his mother, is kept ignorant of his name and descent.

describedadjectiveUS /dɪˈskraɪbd/

represented in words especially with sharpness and detail

From this reading Opens with a short exordium to bespeak attention: the hero is described; a natural son of Sir Gawain a celebrated knight of king Arthur's court, who being brought up in a forest by his mother, is kept ignorant of his name and descent.

descriptionnounUS /dɪˈskrɪpʃən/

a statement that represents something in words

From this reading And here the first book closes with a description of the ceremony of equipping him forth.

desirenounUS /dɪˈzaɪər/

the feeling that accompanies an unsatisfied state

From this reading This inspires him with a desire of seeking adventures: therefore cloathing himself in his enemy's armour, he goes to K. Arthur's court, to request the order of knighthood.

detainedverbUS /dɪˈteɪnd/

past form of “detain” — deprive of freedom; take into confinement

From this reading His request granted, he obtains a promise of having the first adventure assigned him that shall offer.--A damsel named Ellen, attended by a dwarf, comes to implore K. Arthur's assistance, to rescue a young princess, "the Lady of Sinadone" their mistress, who is detained from her rights, and confined in prison.

dissatisfiedadjectiveUS /dɪˈsætəsfaɪd/

in a state of sulky dissatisfaction

From this reading The adventure is claimed by the young knight Sir Lybius: the king assents; the messengers are dissatisfied, and object to his youth; but are forced to acquiesce.

dwarfnounUS /dwɔːrf/

a person who is markedly small

From this reading His request granted, he obtains a promise of having the first adventure assigned him that shall offer.--A damsel named Ellen, attended by a dwarf, comes to implore K. Arthur's assistance, to rescue a young princess, "the Lady of Sinadone" their mistress, who is detained from her rights, and confined in prison.

earlyadjectiveUS /ˈɜːrli/

at or near the beginning of a period of time or course of events or before the usual or expected time

From this reading He early exhibits marks of his courage, by killing a knight in single combat, who encountered him as he was hunting.

Ellen

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading His request granted, he obtains a promise of having the first adventure assigned him that shall offer.--A damsel named Ellen, attended by a dwarf, comes to implore K. Arthur's assistance, to rescue a young princess, "the Lady of Sinadone" their mistress, who is detained from her rights, and confined in prison.

encounteredverbUS /ɪnˈkaʊntərd/

past form of “encounter” — come together

From this reading He early exhibits marks of his courage, by killing a knight in single combat, who encountered him as he was hunting.

enemy'snounUS /ˈenəmiz/

possessive form of “enemy” — an opposing military force

From this reading This inspires him with a desire of seeking adventures: therefore cloathing himself in his enemy's armour, he goes to K. Arthur's court, to request the order of knighthood.

equippingnounUS /ɪˈkwɪpɪŋ/

the act of equiping with weapons in preparation for war

From this reading And here the first book closes with a description of the ceremony of equipping him forth.

exhibitsnounUS /ɪɡˈzɪbəts/

plural of “exhibit” — an object or statement produced before a court of law and referred to while giving evidence

From this reading He early exhibits marks of his courage, by killing a knight in single combat, who encountered him as he was hunting.

exordiumnoun

(rhetoric) the introductory section of an oration or discourse

From this reading Opens with a short exordium to bespeak attention: the hero is described; a natural son of Sir Gawain a celebrated knight of king Arthur's court, who being brought up in a forest by his mother, is kept ignorant of his name and descent.

firstadjectiveUS /fɜːrst/

preceding all others in time or space or degree

From this reading His request granted, he obtains a promise of having the first adventure assigned him that shall offer.--A damsel named Ellen, attended by a dwarf, comes to implore K. Arthur's assistance, to rescue a young princess, "the Lady of Sinadone" their mistress, who is detained from her rights, and confined in prison.

forcedadjectiveUS /fɔːrst/

produced by or subjected to forcing

From this reading The adventure is claimed by the young knight Sir Lybius: the king assents; the messengers are dissatisfied, and object to his youth; but are forced to acquiesce.

forestnounUS /ˈfɔːrəst/

the trees and other plants in a large densely wooded area

From this reading Opens with a short exordium to bespeak attention: the hero is described; a natural son of Sir Gawain a celebrated knight of king Arthur's court, who being brought up in a forest by his mother, is kept ignorant of his name and descent.

forthadverbUS /fɔːrθ/

from a particular thing or place or position (“forth” is obsolete)

From this reading And here the first book closes with a description of the ceremony of equipping him forth.

fromprepositionUS /frʌm/

showing where something starts, or who sent it

From this reading His request granted, he obtains a promise of having the first adventure assigned him that shall offer.--A damsel named Ellen, attended by a dwarf, comes to implore K. Arthur's assistance, to rescue a young princess, "the Lady of Sinadone" their mistress, who is detained from her rights, and confined in prison.

GawainnounUS /ˈɡɑːwən/

(Arthurian legend) a nephew of Arthur and one of the knights of the Round Table

From this reading Opens with a short exordium to bespeak attention: the hero is described; a natural son of Sir Gawain a celebrated knight of king Arthur's court, who being brought up in a forest by his mother, is kept ignorant of his name and descent.

goesnounUS /ɡoʊz/

plural of “go” — a time period for working (after which you will be relieved by someone else)

From this reading This inspires him with a desire of seeking adventures: therefore cloathing himself in his enemy's armour, he goes to K. Arthur's court, to request the order of knighthood.

grantedadjectiveUS /ˈɡræntəd/

acknowledged as a supposition

From this reading His request granted, he obtains a promise of having the first adventure assigned him that shall offer.--A damsel named Ellen, attended by a dwarf, comes to implore K. Arthur's assistance, to rescue a young princess, "the Lady of Sinadone" their mistress, who is detained from her rights, and confined in prison.

havingauxiliary verbUS /ˈhævɪŋ/

the -ing form of “have”

From this reading His request granted, he obtains a promise of having the first adventure assigned him that shall offer.--A damsel named Ellen, attended by a dwarf, comes to implore K. Arthur's assistance, to rescue a young princess, "the Lady of Sinadone" their mistress, who is detained from her rights, and confined in prison.

HepronounUS /hiː/

a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading He early exhibits marks of his courage, by killing a knight in single combat, who encountered him as he was hunting.

herdeterminerUS /hɜːr/

belonging to a woman, girl, or female animal already mentioned

From this reading His request granted, he obtains a promise of having the first adventure assigned him that shall offer.--A damsel named Ellen, attended by a dwarf, comes to implore K. Arthur's assistance, to rescue a young princess, "the Lady of Sinadone" their mistress, who is detained from her rights, and confined in prison.

hereadverbUS /hiːr/

in or at this place; where the speaker or writer is

From this reading And here the first book closes with a description of the ceremony of equipping him forth.

heronounUS /ˈhɪroʊ/

a man distinguished by exceptional courage and nobility and strength

From this reading Opens with a short exordium to bespeak attention: the hero is described; a natural son of Sir Gawain a celebrated knight of king Arthur's court, who being brought up in a forest by his mother, is kept ignorant of his name and descent.

himpronounUS /hɪm/

the male already mentioned, as the object of a verb or preposition

From this reading He early exhibits marks of his courage, by killing a knight in single combat, who encountered him as he was hunting.

himselfpronounUS /hɪmˈself/

used when the man or boy doing the action is also its object

From this reading This inspires him with a desire of seeking adventures: therefore cloathing himself in his enemy's armour, he goes to K. Arthur's court, to request the order of knighthood.

hisdeterminerUS /hɪz/

belonging to a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned

From this reading Opens with a short exordium to bespeak attention: the hero is described; a natural son of Sir Gawain a celebrated knight of king Arthur's court, who being brought up in a forest by his mother, is kept ignorant of his name and descent.

huntingnounUS /ˈhʌntɪŋ/

the pursuit and killing or capture of wild animals regarded as a sport

From this reading He early exhibits marks of his courage, by killing a knight in single combat, who encountered him as he was hunting.

ignorantadjectiveUS /ˈɪɡnərənt/

uneducated in general; lacking knowledge or sophistication

From this reading Opens with a short exordium to bespeak attention: the hero is described; a natural son of Sir Gawain a celebrated knight of king Arthur's court, who being brought up in a forest by his mother, is kept ignorant of his name and descent.

imploreverbUS /ˌɪmˈplɔːr/

call upon in supplication; entreat

From this reading His request granted, he obtains a promise of having the first adventure assigned him that shall offer.--A damsel named Ellen, attended by a dwarf, comes to implore K. Arthur's assistance, to rescue a young princess, "the Lady of Sinadone" their mistress, who is detained from her rights, and confined in prison.

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading Opens with a short exordium to bespeak attention: the hero is described; a natural son of Sir Gawain a celebrated knight of king Arthur's court, who being brought up in a forest by his mother, is kept ignorant of his name and descent.

inspiresverbUS /ˌɪnˈspaɪrz/

third-person singular of “inspire” — heighten or intensify

From this reading This inspires him with a desire of seeking adventures: therefore cloathing himself in his enemy's armour, he goes to K. Arthur's court, to request the order of knighthood.

isauxiliary verbUS /ɪz/

the form of “be” used with he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading Opens with a short exordium to bespeak attention: the hero is described; a natural son of Sir Gawain a celebrated knight of king Arthur's court, who being brought up in a forest by his mother, is kept ignorant of his name and descent.

KnounUS /keɪ/

the basic unit of thermodynamic temperature adopted under the Systeme International d'Unites

From this reading This inspires him with a desire of seeking adventures: therefore cloathing himself in his enemy's armour, he goes to K. Arthur's court, to request the order of knighthood.

keptadjectiveUS /kept/

(especially of promises or contracts) not violated or disregarded

From this reading Opens with a short exordium to bespeak attention: the hero is described; a natural son of Sir Gawain a celebrated knight of king Arthur's court, who being brought up in a forest by his mother, is kept ignorant of his name and descent.

killingnounUS /ˈkɪlɪŋ/

an event that causes someone to die

From this reading He early exhibits marks of his courage, by killing a knight in single combat, who encountered him as he was hunting.

kingnounUS /kɪŋ/

a male sovereign; ruler of a kingdom

From this reading Opens with a short exordium to bespeak attention: the hero is described; a natural son of Sir Gawain a celebrated knight of king Arthur's court, who being brought up in a forest by his mother, is kept ignorant of his name and descent.

knightnounUS /naɪt/

originally a person of noble birth trained to arms and chivalry; today in Great Britain a person honored by the sovereign for personal merit

From this reading Opens with a short exordium to bespeak attention: the hero is described; a natural son of Sir Gawain a celebrated knight of king Arthur's court, who being brought up in a forest by his mother, is kept ignorant of his name and descent.

knighthoodnounUS /ˈnaɪthʊd/

aristocrats holding the rank of knight

From this reading This inspires him with a desire of seeking adventures: therefore cloathing himself in his enemy's armour, he goes to K. Arthur's court, to request the order of knighthood.

LadynounUS /ˈleɪdi/

a polite name for any woman

From this reading His request granted, he obtains a promise of having the first adventure assigned him that shall offer.--A damsel named Ellen, attended by a dwarf, comes to implore K. Arthur's assistance, to rescue a young princess, "the Lady of Sinadone" their mistress, who is detained from her rights, and confined in prison.

Lybius

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The adventure is claimed by the young knight Sir Lybius: the king assents; the messengers are dissatisfied, and object to his youth; but are forced to acquiesce.

marksnounUS /mɑːrks/

English businessman who created a retail chain (1888-1964)

From this reading He early exhibits marks of his courage, by killing a knight in single combat, who encountered him as he was hunting.

messengersnounUS /ˈmesəndʒərz/

plural of “messenger” — a person who carries a message

From this reading The adventure is claimed by the young knight Sir Lybius: the king assents; the messengers are dissatisfied, and object to his youth; but are forced to acquiesce.

mistressnounUS /ˈmɪstrəs/

an adulterous woman; a woman who has an ongoing extramarital sexual relationship with a man

From this reading His request granted, he obtains a promise of having the first adventure assigned him that shall offer.--A damsel named Ellen, attended by a dwarf, comes to implore K. Arthur's assistance, to rescue a young princess, "the Lady of Sinadone" their mistress, who is detained from her rights, and confined in prison.

mothernounUS /ˈmʌðər/

a woman who has given birth to a child (also used as a term of address to your mother)

From this reading Opens with a short exordium to bespeak attention: the hero is described; a natural son of Sir Gawain a celebrated knight of king Arthur's court, who being brought up in a forest by his mother, is kept ignorant of his name and descent.

nameverbUS /neɪm/

assign a specified (usually proper) proper name to

From this reading Opens with a short exordium to bespeak attention: the hero is described; a natural son of Sir Gawain a celebrated knight of king Arthur's court, who being brought up in a forest by his mother, is kept ignorant of his name and descent.

namedverbUS /neɪmd/

past form of “name” — assign a specified (usually proper) proper name to

From this reading His request granted, he obtains a promise of having the first adventure assigned him that shall offer.--A damsel named Ellen, attended by a dwarf, comes to implore K. Arthur's assistance, to rescue a young princess, "the Lady of Sinadone" their mistress, who is detained from her rights, and confined in prison.

naturaladjectiveUS /ˈnætʃərəl/

in accordance with nature; relating to or concerning nature

From this reading Opens with a short exordium to bespeak attention: the hero is described; a natural son of Sir Gawain a celebrated knight of king Arthur's court, who being brought up in a forest by his mother, is kept ignorant of his name and descent.

objectnounUS /ˈɑːbdʒekt/

a tangible and visible entity; an entity that can cast a shadow

From this reading The adventure is claimed by the young knight Sir Lybius: the king assents; the messengers are dissatisfied, and object to his youth; but are forced to acquiesce.

obtainsverbUS /əbˈteɪnz/

third-person singular of “obtain” — come into possession of

From this reading His request granted, he obtains a promise of having the first adventure assigned him that shall offer.--A damsel named Ellen, attended by a dwarf, comes to implore K. Arthur's assistance, to rescue a young princess, "the Lady of Sinadone" their mistress, who is detained from her rights, and confined in prison.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading Opens with a short exordium to bespeak attention: the hero is described; a natural son of Sir Gawain a celebrated knight of king Arthur's court, who being brought up in a forest by his mother, is kept ignorant of his name and descent.

offerverbUS /ˈɔːfər/

make available or accessible, provide or furnish

From this reading His request granted, he obtains a promise of having the first adventure assigned him that shall offer.--A damsel named Ellen, attended by a dwarf, comes to implore K. Arthur's assistance, to rescue a young princess, "the Lady of Sinadone" their mistress, who is detained from her rights, and confined in prison.

OpensnounUS /ˈoʊpənz/

plural of “open” — a clear or unobstructed space or expanse of land or water

From this reading Opens with a short exordium to bespeak attention: the hero is described; a natural son of Sir Gawain a celebrated knight of king Arthur's court, who being brought up in a forest by his mother, is kept ignorant of his name and descent.

ordernounUS /ˈɔːrdər/

(often plural) a command given by a superior (e.g., a military or law enforcement officer) that must be obeyed

From this reading This inspires him with a desire of seeking adventures: therefore cloathing himself in his enemy's armour, he goes to K. Arthur's court, to request the order of knighthood.

princessnounUS /ˈprɪn.ses/

The daughter of a monarch; a female member of a royal family.

From this reading His request granted, he obtains a promise of having the first adventure assigned him that shall offer.--A damsel named Ellen, attended by a dwarf, comes to implore K. Arthur's assistance, to rescue a young princess, "the Lady of Sinadone" their mistress, who is detained from her rights, and confined in prison.

prisonnounUS /ˈprɪzən/

a correctional institution where persons are confined while on trial or for punishment

From this reading His request granted, he obtains a promise of having the first adventure assigned him that shall offer.--A damsel named Ellen, attended by a dwarf, comes to implore K. Arthur's assistance, to rescue a young princess, "the Lady of Sinadone" their mistress, who is detained from her rights, and confined in prison.

promiseverbUS /ˈprɑːməs/

make a promise or commitment

From this reading His request granted, he obtains a promise of having the first adventure assigned him that shall offer.--A damsel named Ellen, attended by a dwarf, comes to implore K. Arthur's assistance, to rescue a young princess, "the Lady of Sinadone" their mistress, who is detained from her rights, and confined in prison.

requestverbUS /rɪˈkwest/

express the need or desire for

From this reading This inspires him with a desire of seeking adventures: therefore cloathing himself in his enemy's armour, he goes to K. Arthur's court, to request the order of knighthood.

rescueverbUS /ˈreskjuː/

free from harm or evil

From this reading His request granted, he obtains a promise of having the first adventure assigned him that shall offer.--A damsel named Ellen, attended by a dwarf, comes to implore K. Arthur's assistance, to rescue a young princess, "the Lady of Sinadone" their mistress, who is detained from her rights, and confined in prison.

rightsnounUS /raɪts/

plural of “right” — an abstract idea of that which is due to a person or governmental body by law or tradition or nature

From this reading His request granted, he obtains a promise of having the first adventure assigned him that shall offer.--A damsel named Ellen, attended by a dwarf, comes to implore K. Arthur's assistance, to rescue a young princess, "the Lady of Sinadone" their mistress, who is detained from her rights, and confined in prison.

seekingnounUS /ˈsiːkɪŋ/

the act of searching for something

From this reading This inspires him with a desire of seeking adventures: therefore cloathing himself in his enemy's armour, he goes to K. Arthur's court, to request the order of knighthood.

shallmodal verbUS /ʃæl/

used with I and we for the future, or to offer and suggest

From this reading His request granted, he obtains a promise of having the first adventure assigned him that shall offer.--A damsel named Ellen, attended by a dwarf, comes to implore K. Arthur's assistance, to rescue a young princess, "the Lady of Sinadone" their mistress, who is detained from her rights, and confined in prison.

shortadjectiveUS /ʃɔːrt/

primarily temporal sense; indicating or being or seeming to be limited in duration

From this reading Opens with a short exordium to bespeak attention: the hero is described; a natural son of Sir Gawain a celebrated knight of king Arthur's court, who being brought up in a forest by his mother, is kept ignorant of his name and descent.

Sinadone

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading His request granted, he obtains a promise of having the first adventure assigned him that shall offer.--A damsel named Ellen, attended by a dwarf, comes to implore K. Arthur's assistance, to rescue a young princess, "the Lady of Sinadone" their mistress, who is detained from her rights, and confined in prison.

singleadjectiveUS /ˈsɪŋɡəl/

being or characteristic of a single thing or person

From this reading He early exhibits marks of his courage, by killing a knight in single combat, who encountered him as he was hunting.

SirnounUS /sɜːr/

term of address for a man

From this reading Opens with a short exordium to bespeak attention: the hero is described; a natural son of Sir Gawain a celebrated knight of king Arthur's court, who being brought up in a forest by his mother, is kept ignorant of his name and descent.

sonnounUS /sʌn/

a male human offspring

From this reading Opens with a short exordium to bespeak attention: the hero is described; a natural son of Sir Gawain a celebrated knight of king Arthur's court, who being brought up in a forest by his mother, is kept ignorant of his name and descent.

thatconjunctionUS /ðæt/

used to introduce what somebody said, thought, or felt

From this reading His request granted, he obtains a promise of having the first adventure assigned him that shall offer.--A damsel named Ellen, attended by a dwarf, comes to implore K. Arthur's assistance, to rescue a young princess, "the Lady of Sinadone" their mistress, who is detained from her rights, and confined in prison.

thedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading Opens with a short exordium to bespeak attention: the hero is described; a natural son of Sir Gawain a celebrated knight of king Arthur's court, who being brought up in a forest by his mother, is kept ignorant of his name and descent.

theirdeterminerUS /ðer/

belonging to the people or things already mentioned

From this reading His request granted, he obtains a promise of having the first adventure assigned him that shall offer.--A damsel named Ellen, attended by a dwarf, comes to implore K. Arthur's assistance, to rescue a young princess, "the Lady of Sinadone" their mistress, who is detained from her rights, and confined in prison.

thereforeadverbUS /ˈðerfɔːr/

for that reason; as a result

From this reading This inspires him with a desire of seeking adventures: therefore cloathing himself in his enemy's armour, he goes to K. Arthur's court, to request the order of knighthood.

ThisdeterminerUS /ðɪs/

used for a person or thing that is near, or that has just been mentioned

From this reading This inspires him with a desire of seeking adventures: therefore cloathing himself in his enemy's armour, he goes to K. Arthur's court, to request the order of knighthood.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading Opens with a short exordium to bespeak attention: the hero is described; a natural son of Sir Gawain a celebrated knight of king Arthur's court, who being brought up in a forest by his mother, is kept ignorant of his name and descent.

upadjectiveUS /ʌp/

being or moving higher in position or greater in some value; being above a former position or level

From this reading Opens with a short exordium to bespeak attention: the hero is described; a natural son of Sir Gawain a celebrated knight of king Arthur's court, who being brought up in a forest by his mother, is kept ignorant of his name and descent.

wasauxiliary verbUS /wɑːz/

the past form of “be” used with I, he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading He early exhibits marks of his courage, by killing a knight in single combat, who encountered him as he was hunting.

whopronounUS /huː/

which person or people

From this reading Opens with a short exordium to bespeak attention: the hero is described; a natural son of Sir Gawain a celebrated knight of king Arthur's court, who being brought up in a forest by his mother, is kept ignorant of his name and descent.

withprepositionUS /wɪð/

in the company of; together with

From this reading Opens with a short exordium to bespeak attention: the hero is described; a natural son of Sir Gawain a celebrated knight of king Arthur's court, who being brought up in a forest by his mother, is kept ignorant of his name and descent.

youngadjectiveUS /jʌŋ/

(used of living things especially persons) in an early period of life or development or growth

From this reading His request granted, he obtains a promise of having the first adventure assigned him that shall offer.--A damsel named Ellen, attended by a dwarf, comes to implore K. Arthur's assistance, to rescue a young princess, "the Lady of Sinadone" their mistress, who is detained from her rights, and confined in prison.

youthnounUS /juːθ/

a young person (especially a young man or boy)

From this reading The adventure is claimed by the young knight Sir Lybius: the king assents; the messengers are dissatisfied, and object to his youth; but are forced to acquiesce.

Chapter 4 of Reliques of Ancient English Poetry, Volume 3 (of 3) by Thomas [Editor] Percy holds 6 sentences, grouped into 2 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 4 of Reliques of Ancient English Poetry, Volume 3 (of 3) contain?

Chapter 4 holds 6 sentences of Reliques of Ancient English Poetry, Volume 3 (of 3), unabridged, divided into 2 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 4 of Reliques of Ancient English Poetry, Volume 3 (of 3) by Thomas [Editor] Percy exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 6 sentences, grouped into 2 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 4 of Reliques of Ancient English Poetry, Volume 3 (of 3)?

Work through the 2 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 2 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 4 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 4 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

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Yes. All 4061 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #45941 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

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Project Gutenberg eBook #45941, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

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About 338 minutes of reading across 813 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

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Vocabulary met early in Reliques of Ancient English Poetry, Volume 3 (of 3)

Words and structures a reader meets early in Reliques of Ancient English Poetry, Volume 3 (of 3), each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Ordinary
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Reliques of Ancient English Poetry, Volume 3 (of 3); the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Ballad
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Reliques of Ancient English Poetry, Volume 3 (of 3); the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Delight
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Reliques of Ancient English Poetry, Volume 3 (of 3); the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Common
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Reliques of Ancient English Poetry, Volume 3 (of 3); the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.