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Representative English Comedies, V. 1. From the Beginnings to Shakespeare
Representative English Comedies, V. 1. From the Beginnings to Shakespeare

Chapter XVI

Chapter 16 of Representative English Comedies, V. 1. From the Beginnings to Shakespeare is here in full — 374 sentences across 75 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Cover illustration for Representative English Comedies, V. 1. From the Beginnings to Shakespeare
Context Illustration Reading 1/74 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
_Hodge._ Gods mother dere! if that be true, farwel both naule an thong!
But who hais it, Gammer, say on; chould faine here it disclosed.
_Gammer._ That false fixen, that same Dame Chat, that counts her selfe so honest.
_Hodge._ Who tolde you so?
_Gammer._ That same did Diccon the bedlam, which saw it done.
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AI-generated narration by OpenAI · Slow US English
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Representative English Comedies, V. 1. From the Beginnings to Shakespeare

Chapter XVI

Chapter 16 of Representative English Comedies, V. 1. From the Beginnings to Shakespeare is here in full — 374 sentences across 75 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/74 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
_Hodge._ Gods mother dere! if that be true, farwel both naule an thong!
Line 2
But who hais it, Gammer, say on; chould faine here it disclosed.
Line 3
_Gammer._ That false fixen, that same Dame Chat, that counts her selfe so honest.
Line 4
_Hodge._ Who tolde you so?
Line 5
_Gammer._ That same did Diccon the bedlam, which saw it done.

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

bedlam noun US /ˈbedləm/

a state of extreme confusion and disorder

From this reading “_Gammer._ That same did Diccon the bedlam, which saw it done.”

Chat verb US /tʃæt/

talk socially without exchanging too much information

From this reading “_Gammer._ That false fixen, that same Dame Chat, that counts her selfe so honest.”

counts noun US /kaʊnts/

plural of “count” — the total number counted

From this reading “_Gammer._ That false fixen, that same Dame Chat, that counts her selfe so honest.”

Dame noun US /deɪm/

informal terms for a (young) woman

From this reading “_Gammer._ That false fixen, that same Dame Chat, that counts her selfe so honest.”

disclosed adjective US /dɪˈskloʊzd/

made known (especially something secret or concealed)

From this reading “But who hais it, Gammer, say on; chould faine here it disclosed.”

false adjective US /fɔːls/

not in accordance with the fact or reality or actuality

From this reading “_Gammer._ That false fixen, that same Dame Chat, that counts her selfe so honest.”

Gods noun US /ɡɑːdz/

plural of “god” — the supernatural being conceived as the perfect and omnipotent and omniscient originator and ruler of the universe; the object of worship in monotheistic religions

From this reading “_Hodge._ Gods mother dere! if that be true, farwel both naule an thong!”

thong noun US /θɔːŋ/

leather strip that forms the flexible part of a whip

From this reading “_Hodge._ Gods mother dere! if that be true, farwel both naule an thong!”

All words in this reading · 43

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

andeterminerUS /æn/

the form of “a” used before a word that begins with a vowel sound

From this reading _Hodge._ Gods mother dere! if that be true, farwel both naule an thong!

beauxiliary verbUS /biː/

used with a past participle to form the passive, or with -ing for continuous tenses

From this reading _Hodge._ Gods mother dere! if that be true, farwel both naule an thong!

bedlamnounUS /ˈbedləm/

a state of extreme confusion and disorder

From this reading _Gammer._ That same did Diccon the bedlam, which saw it done.

bothdeterminerUS /boʊθ/

the two together, not just one

From this reading _Hodge._ Gods mother dere! if that be true, farwel both naule an thong!

ButconjunctionUS /bʌt/

used to introduce something that contrasts with what came before

From this reading But who hais it, Gammer, say on; chould faine here it disclosed.

ChatverbUS /tʃæt/

talk socially without exchanging too much information

From this reading _Gammer._ That false fixen, that same Dame Chat, that counts her selfe so honest.

chould

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading But who hais it, Gammer, say on; chould faine here it disclosed.

countsnounUS /kaʊnts/

plural of “count” — the total number counted

From this reading _Gammer._ That false fixen, that same Dame Chat, that counts her selfe so honest.

DamenounUS /deɪm/

informal terms for a (young) woman

From this reading _Gammer._ That false fixen, that same Dame Chat, that counts her selfe so honest.

dere

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading _Hodge._ Gods mother dere! if that be true, farwel both naule an thong!

Diccon

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading _Gammer._ That same did Diccon the bedlam, which saw it done.

didauxiliary verbUS /dɪd/

the past form of “do”, used in questions and negatives

From this reading _Gammer._ That same did Diccon the bedlam, which saw it done.

disclosedadjectiveUS /dɪˈskloʊzd/

made known (especially something secret or concealed)

From this reading But who hais it, Gammer, say on; chould faine here it disclosed.

doneadjectiveUS /dʌn/

having finished or arrived at completion

From this reading _Gammer._ That same did Diccon the bedlam, which saw it done.

faine

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading But who hais it, Gammer, say on; chould faine here it disclosed.

falseadjectiveUS /fɔːls/

not in accordance with the fact or reality or actuality

From this reading _Gammer._ That false fixen, that same Dame Chat, that counts her selfe so honest.

farwel

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading _Hodge._ Gods mother dere! if that be true, farwel both naule an thong!

fixen

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading _Gammer._ That false fixen, that same Dame Chat, that counts her selfe so honest.

Gammer

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading But who hais it, Gammer, say on; chould faine here it disclosed.

GodsnounUS /ɡɑːdz/

plural of “god” — the supernatural being conceived as the perfect and omnipotent and omniscient originator and ruler of the universe; the object of worship in monotheistic religions

From this reading _Hodge._ Gods mother dere! if that be true, farwel both naule an thong!

hais

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading But who hais it, Gammer, say on; chould faine here it disclosed.

herdeterminerUS /hɜːr/

belonging to a woman, girl, or female animal already mentioned

From this reading _Gammer._ That false fixen, that same Dame Chat, that counts her selfe so honest.

hereadverbUS /hiːr/

in or at this place; where the speaker or writer is

From this reading But who hais it, Gammer, say on; chould faine here it disclosed.

Hodge

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading _Hodge._ Gods mother dere! if that be true, farwel both naule an thong!

honestadjectiveUS /ˈɑːnəst/

not disposed to cheat or defraud; not deceptive or fraudulent

From this reading _Gammer._ That false fixen, that same Dame Chat, that counts her selfe so honest.

ifconjunctionUS /ɪf/

on condition that; in the event that

From this reading _Hodge._ Gods mother dere! if that be true, farwel both naule an thong!

itpronounUS /ɪt/

a thing, animal, or idea already mentioned

From this reading But who hais it, Gammer, say on; chould faine here it disclosed.

mothernounUS /ˈmʌðər/

a woman who has given birth to a child (also used as a term of address to your mother)

From this reading _Hodge._ Gods mother dere! if that be true, farwel both naule an thong!

naule

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading _Hodge._ Gods mother dere! if that be true, farwel both naule an thong!

onprepositionUS /ɑːn/

touching and supported by a surface

From this reading But who hais it, Gammer, say on; chould faine here it disclosed.

sameadjectiveUS /seɪm/

Identical; not different.

From this reading _Gammer._ That false fixen, that same Dame Chat, that counts her selfe so honest.

sawverbUS /sɔː/

cut with a saw

From this reading _Gammer._ That same did Diccon the bedlam, which saw it done.

sayverbUS /seɪ/

express in words

From this reading But who hais it, Gammer, say on; chould faine here it disclosed.

selfe

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading _Gammer._ That false fixen, that same Dame Chat, that counts her selfe so honest.

soconjunctionUS /soʊ/

for that reason; with the result that

From this reading _Gammer._ That false fixen, that same Dame Chat, that counts her selfe so honest.

thatconjunctionUS /ðæt/

used to introduce what somebody said, thought, or felt

From this reading _Hodge._ Gods mother dere! if that be true, farwel both naule an thong!

thedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading _Gammer._ That same did Diccon the bedlam, which saw it done.

thongnounUS /θɔːŋ/

leather strip that forms the flexible part of a whip

From this reading _Hodge._ Gods mother dere! if that be true, farwel both naule an thong!

tolde

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading _Hodge._ Who tolde you so?

trueadjectiveUS /truː/

consistent with fact or reality; not false

From this reading _Hodge._ Gods mother dere! if that be true, farwel both naule an thong!

whichpronounUS /wɪtʃ/

used to introduce a clause giving more about a thing just mentioned

From this reading _Gammer._ That same did Diccon the bedlam, which saw it done.

whopronounUS /huː/

which person or people

From this reading But who hais it, Gammer, say on; chould faine here it disclosed.

youpronounUS /juː/

the person or people being spoken to

From this reading _Hodge._ Who tolde you so?

Chapter 16 of Representative English Comedies, V. 1. From the Beginnings to Shakespeare by Charles Mills [Editor] Gayley holds 374 sentences, grouped into 75 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 16 of Representative English Comedies, V. 1. From the Beginnings to contain?

Chapter 16 holds 374 sentences of Representative English Comedies, V. 1. From the Beginnings to Shakespeare, unabridged, divided into 75 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 16 of Representative English Comedies, V. 1. From the Beginnings to Shakespeare by Charles Mills [Editor] Gayley exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 374 sentences, grouped into 75 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 16 of Representative English Comedies, V. 1. From the Beginnings to?

Work through the 75 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 75 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 16 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 16 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading Representative English Comedies, V. 1. From the Beginnings to Shakespeare

Common questions about reading Representative English Comedies, V. 1. From the Beginnings to Shakespeare by Charles Mills [Editor] Gayley on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of Representative English Comedies, V. 1. From the Beginnings to Shakespeare?

Yes. All 15004 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #49710 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of Representative English Comedies, V. 1. From the Beginnings to Shakespeare is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #49710, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does Representative English Comedies, V. 1. From the Beginnings to Shakespeare take to read?

About 600 minutes of reading across 3001 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

How to read Representative English Comedies, V. 1. From the Beginnings to Shakespeare section by sec

How to work through Representative English Comedies, V. 1. From the Beginnings to Shakespeare section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.

  1. Open a chapter

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  2. Read one section

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  3. Listen and tap

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Vocabulary met early in Representative English Comedies, V. 1. From the Beginnings to Shakespeare

Words and structures a reader meets early in Representative English Comedies, V. 1. From the Beginnings to Shakespeare, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Changes
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Representative English Comedies, V. 1. From the Beginnings to Shakespeare; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Found
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Representative English Comedies, V. 1. From the Beginnings to Shakespeare; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Charles
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Representative English Comedies, V. 1. From the Beginnings to Shakespeare; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Mills
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Representative English Comedies, V. 1. From the Beginnings to Shakespeare; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.