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Representative English Comedies, V. 1. From the Beginnings to Shakespeare
Representative English Comedies, V. 1. From the Beginnings to Shakespeare

Chapter XXII

Chapter 22 of Representative English Comedies, V. 1. From the Beginnings to Shakespeare is here in full — 379 sentences across 76 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Cover illustration for Representative English Comedies, V. 1. From the Beginnings to Shakespeare
Context Illustration Reading 1/75 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
=Sources, Title, Text.=--The sources of the play, so far as one may speak of sources, are indicated in general above, and in particular by notes to the following text.
The plural form of the title ought probably to be singular, in spite of common usage, the gloss _ealdra cwéna spel_ (Wright, _Voc._), and 1 Timothy iv, 7; Mr. Fleay, perhaps as a concession to Madge, prints _Old Wifes' Tale_ (_Biog.
Chron.
Eng.
Drama_, II.
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LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
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A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

Representative English Comedies, V. 1. From the Beginnings to Shakespeare

Chapter XXII

Chapter 22 of Representative English Comedies, V. 1. From the Beginnings to Shakespeare is here in full — 379 sentences across 76 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/75 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
=Sources, Title, Text.=--The sources of the play, so far as one may speak of sources, are indicated in general above, and in particular by notes to the following text.
Line 2
The plural form of the title ought probably to be singular, in spite of common usage, the gloss _ealdra cwéna spel_ (Wright, _Voc._), and 1 Timothy iv, 7; Mr. Fleay, perhaps as a concession to Madge, prints _Old Wifes' Tale_ (_Biog.
Line 3
Chron.
Line 4
Eng.
Line 5
Drama_, II.

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

concession noun US /kənˈseʃən/

a contract granting the right to operate a subsidiary business

From this reading “The plural form of the title ought probably to be singular, in spite of common usage, the gloss _ealdra cwéna spel_ (Wright, _Voc._), and 1 Timothy iv, 7; Mr. Fleay, perhaps as a concession to Madge, prints _Old Wifes' Tale_ (_Biog.”

gloss noun US /ɡlɔːs/

an explanation or definition of an obscure word in a text

From this reading “The plural form of the title ought probably to be singular, in spite of common usage, the gloss _ealdra cwéna spel_ (Wright, _Voc._), and 1 Timothy iv, 7; Mr. Fleay, perhaps as a concession to Madge, prints _Old Wifes' Tale_ (_Biog.”

plural adjective US /ˈplʊrəl/

composed of more than one member, set, or kind

From this reading “The plural form of the title ought probably to be singular, in spite of common usage, the gloss _ealdra cwéna spel_ (Wright, _Voc._), and 1 Timothy iv, 7; Mr. Fleay, perhaps as a concession to Madge, prints _Old Wifes' Tale_ (_Biog.”

prints noun US /prɪnts/

plural of “print” — the text appearing in a book, newspaper, or other printed publication

From this reading “The plural form of the title ought probably to be singular, in spite of common usage, the gloss _ealdra cwéna spel_ (Wright, _Voc._), and 1 Timothy iv, 7; Mr. Fleay, perhaps as a concession to Madge, prints _Old Wifes' Tale_ (_Biog.”

sources noun US /ˈsɔːrsəz/

plural of “source” — the place where something begins, where it springs into being

From this reading “=Sources, Title, Text.=--The sources of the play, so far as one may speak of sources, are indicated in general above, and in particular by notes to the following text.”

Timothy noun US /ˈtɪməθi/

grass with long cylindrical spikes grown in northern United States and Europe for hay

From this reading “The plural form of the title ought probably to be singular, in spite of common usage, the gloss _ealdra cwéna spel_ (Wright, _Voc._), and 1 Timothy iv, 7; Mr. Fleay, perhaps as a concession to Madge, prints _Old Wifes' Tale_ (_Biog.”

usage noun US /ˈjuːsədʒ/

the act of using

From this reading “The plural form of the title ought probably to be singular, in spite of common usage, the gloss _ealdra cwéna spel_ (Wright, _Voc._), and 1 Timothy iv, 7; Mr. Fleay, perhaps as a concession to Madge, prints _Old Wifes' Tale_ (_Biog.”

Wright noun US /raɪt/

United States writer of detective novels (1888-1939)

From this reading “The plural form of the title ought probably to be singular, in spite of common usage, the gloss _ealdra cwéna spel_ (Wright, _Voc._), and 1 Timothy iv, 7; Mr. Fleay, perhaps as a concession to Madge, prints _Old Wifes' Tale_ (_Biog.”

Word partnerships in these lines

English keeps certain words together, and knowing the pair is worth more than knowing each word alone. Every partnership below was counted across our whole published library, and earns its place by appearing far more often than two unrelated words of the same frequency would.

Shown as this reading writes them, with the form the library counts, what kind of pairing it is, and how often it occurs.

in spite preposition + noun

In this reading “The plural form of the title ought probably to be singular, in spite of common usage, the gloss _ealdra cwéna spel_ (Wright, _Voc._), and 1 Timothy iv, 7; Mr. Fleay, perhaps as a concession to Madge, prints _Old Wifes' Tale_ (_Biog.”

All words in this reading · 57

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

1

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The plural form of the title ought probably to be singular, in spite of common usage, the gloss _ealdra cwéna spel_ (Wright, _Voc._), and 1 Timothy iv, 7; Mr. Fleay, perhaps as a concession to Madge, prints _Old Wifes' Tale_ (_Biog.

7

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The plural form of the title ought probably to be singular, in spite of common usage, the gloss _ealdra cwéna spel_ (Wright, _Voc._), and 1 Timothy iv, 7; Mr. Fleay, perhaps as a concession to Madge, prints _Old Wifes' Tale_ (_Biog.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading The plural form of the title ought probably to be singular, in spite of common usage, the gloss _ealdra cwéna spel_ (Wright, _Voc._), and 1 Timothy iv, 7; Mr. Fleay, perhaps as a concession to Madge, prints _Old Wifes' Tale_ (_Biog.

aboveprepositionUS /əˈbʌv/

higher than, or over, something

From this reading =Sources, Title, Text.=--The sources of the play, so far as one may speak of sources, are indicated in general above, and in particular by notes to the following text.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading =Sources, Title, Text.=--The sources of the play, so far as one may speak of sources, are indicated in general above, and in particular by notes to the following text.

areauxiliary verbUS /ɑːr/

the form of “be” used with you, we, they, or a plural noun

From this reading =Sources, Title, Text.=--The sources of the play, so far as one may speak of sources, are indicated in general above, and in particular by notes to the following text.

asconjunctionUS /æz/

at the same time that; because; in the way that

From this reading =Sources, Title, Text.=--The sources of the play, so far as one may speak of sources, are indicated in general above, and in particular by notes to the following text.

beauxiliary verbUS /biː/

used with a past participle to form the passive, or with -ing for continuous tenses

From this reading The plural form of the title ought probably to be singular, in spite of common usage, the gloss _ealdra cwéna spel_ (Wright, _Voc._), and 1 Timothy iv, 7; Mr. Fleay, perhaps as a concession to Madge, prints _Old Wifes' Tale_ (_Biog.

Biog

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The plural form of the title ought probably to be singular, in spite of common usage, the gloss _ealdra cwéna spel_ (Wright, _Voc._), and 1 Timothy iv, 7; Mr. Fleay, perhaps as a concession to Madge, prints _Old Wifes' Tale_ (_Biog.

byprepositionUS /baɪ/

showing who or what does the action

From this reading =Sources, Title, Text.=--The sources of the play, so far as one may speak of sources, are indicated in general above, and in particular by notes to the following text.

Chron

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Chron.

commonadjectiveUS /ˈkɑːmən/

belonging to or participated in by a community as a whole; public

From this reading The plural form of the title ought probably to be singular, in spite of common usage, the gloss _ealdra cwéna spel_ (Wright, _Voc._), and 1 Timothy iv, 7; Mr. Fleay, perhaps as a concession to Madge, prints _Old Wifes' Tale_ (_Biog.

concessionnounUS /kənˈseʃən/

a contract granting the right to operate a subsidiary business

From this reading The plural form of the title ought probably to be singular, in spite of common usage, the gloss _ealdra cwéna spel_ (Wright, _Voc._), and 1 Timothy iv, 7; Mr. Fleay, perhaps as a concession to Madge, prints _Old Wifes' Tale_ (_Biog.

cwéna

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The plural form of the title ought probably to be singular, in spite of common usage, the gloss _ealdra cwéna spel_ (Wright, _Voc._), and 1 Timothy iv, 7; Mr. Fleay, perhaps as a concession to Madge, prints _Old Wifes' Tale_ (_Biog.

DramanounUS /ˈdrɑːmə/

a dramatic work intended for performance by actors on a stage

From this reading Drama_, II.

ealdra

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The plural form of the title ought probably to be singular, in spite of common usage, the gloss _ealdra cwéna spel_ (Wright, _Voc._), and 1 Timothy iv, 7; Mr. Fleay, perhaps as a concession to Madge, prints _Old Wifes' Tale_ (_Biog.

Eng

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Eng.

faradverbUS /fɑːr/

to a considerable degree; very much

From this reading =Sources, Title, Text.=--The sources of the play, so far as one may speak of sources, are indicated in general above, and in particular by notes to the following text.

Fleay

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The plural form of the title ought probably to be singular, in spite of common usage, the gloss _ealdra cwéna spel_ (Wright, _Voc._), and 1 Timothy iv, 7; Mr. Fleay, perhaps as a concession to Madge, prints _Old Wifes' Tale_ (_Biog.

followingadjectiveUS /ˈfɑːloʊɪŋ/

about to be mentioned or specified

From this reading =Sources, Title, Text.=--The sources of the play, so far as one may speak of sources, are indicated in general above, and in particular by notes to the following text.

formnounUS /fɔːrm/

the phonological or orthographic sound or appearance of a word that can be used to describe or identify something

From this reading The plural form of the title ought probably to be singular, in spite of common usage, the gloss _ealdra cwéna spel_ (Wright, _Voc._), and 1 Timothy iv, 7; Mr. Fleay, perhaps as a concession to Madge, prints _Old Wifes' Tale_ (_Biog.

generaladjectiveUS /ˈdʒenərəl/

applying to all or most members of a category or group

From this reading =Sources, Title, Text.=--The sources of the play, so far as one may speak of sources, are indicated in general above, and in particular by notes to the following text.

glossnounUS /ɡlɔːs/

an explanation or definition of an obscure word in a text

From this reading The plural form of the title ought probably to be singular, in spite of common usage, the gloss _ealdra cwéna spel_ (Wright, _Voc._), and 1 Timothy iv, 7; Mr. Fleay, perhaps as a concession to Madge, prints _Old Wifes' Tale_ (_Biog.

IInoun

the cardinal number that is the sum of one and one or a numeral representing this number

From this reading Drama_, II.

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading =Sources, Title, Text.=--The sources of the play, so far as one may speak of sources, are indicated in general above, and in particular by notes to the following text.

indicatedverbUS /ˈɪndəkeɪtəd/

past form of “indicate” — be a signal for or a symptom of

From this reading =Sources, Title, Text.=--The sources of the play, so far as one may speak of sources, are indicated in general above, and in particular by notes to the following text.

ivnoun

the cardinal number that is the sum of three and one

From this reading The plural form of the title ought probably to be singular, in spite of common usage, the gloss _ealdra cwéna spel_ (Wright, _Voc._), and 1 Timothy iv, 7; Mr. Fleay, perhaps as a concession to Madge, prints _Old Wifes' Tale_ (_Biog.

Madge

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The plural form of the title ought probably to be singular, in spite of common usage, the gloss _ealdra cwéna spel_ (Wright, _Voc._), and 1 Timothy iv, 7; Mr. Fleay, perhaps as a concession to Madge, prints _Old Wifes' Tale_ (_Biog.

maymodal verbUS /meɪ/

used to say something is possible, or to give permission

From this reading =Sources, Title, Text.=--The sources of the play, so far as one may speak of sources, are indicated in general above, and in particular by notes to the following text.

MrnounUS /ˈmɪstər/

a form of address for a man

From this reading The plural form of the title ought probably to be singular, in spite of common usage, the gloss _ealdra cwéna spel_ (Wright, _Voc._), and 1 Timothy iv, 7; Mr. Fleay, perhaps as a concession to Madge, prints _Old Wifes' Tale_ (_Biog.

notesnounUS /noʊts/

plural of “note” — a brief written record

From this reading =Sources, Title, Text.=--The sources of the play, so far as one may speak of sources, are indicated in general above, and in particular by notes to the following text.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading =Sources, Title, Text.=--The sources of the play, so far as one may speak of sources, are indicated in general above, and in particular by notes to the following text.

OldadjectiveUS /oʊld/

(used especially of persons) having lived for a relatively long time or attained a specific age

From this reading The plural form of the title ought probably to be singular, in spite of common usage, the gloss _ealdra cwéna spel_ (Wright, _Voc._), and 1 Timothy iv, 7; Mr. Fleay, perhaps as a concession to Madge, prints _Old Wifes' Tale_ (_Biog.

onepronounUS /wʌn/

used to mean any person in general, including the speaker

From this reading =Sources, Title, Text.=--The sources of the play, so far as one may speak of sources, are indicated in general above, and in particular by notes to the following text.

oughtmodal verbUS /ɔːt/

used with “to” to say what is right or advisable

From this reading The plural form of the title ought probably to be singular, in spite of common usage, the gloss _ealdra cwéna spel_ (Wright, _Voc._), and 1 Timothy iv, 7; Mr. Fleay, perhaps as a concession to Madge, prints _Old Wifes' Tale_ (_Biog.

particularadjectiveUS /pərˈtɪkjələr/

unique or specific to a person or thing or category

From this reading =Sources, Title, Text.=--The sources of the play, so far as one may speak of sources, are indicated in general above, and in particular by notes to the following text.

perhapsadverbUS /pərˈhæps/

by chance

From this reading The plural form of the title ought probably to be singular, in spite of common usage, the gloss _ealdra cwéna spel_ (Wright, _Voc._), and 1 Timothy iv, 7; Mr. Fleay, perhaps as a concession to Madge, prints _Old Wifes' Tale_ (_Biog.

playverbUS /pleɪ/

participate in games or sport

From this reading =Sources, Title, Text.=--The sources of the play, so far as one may speak of sources, are indicated in general above, and in particular by notes to the following text.

pluraladjectiveUS /ˈplʊrəl/

composed of more than one member, set, or kind

From this reading The plural form of the title ought probably to be singular, in spite of common usage, the gloss _ealdra cwéna spel_ (Wright, _Voc._), and 1 Timothy iv, 7; Mr. Fleay, perhaps as a concession to Madge, prints _Old Wifes' Tale_ (_Biog.

printsnounUS /prɪnts/

plural of “print” — the text appearing in a book, newspaper, or other printed publication

From this reading The plural form of the title ought probably to be singular, in spite of common usage, the gloss _ealdra cwéna spel_ (Wright, _Voc._), and 1 Timothy iv, 7; Mr. Fleay, perhaps as a concession to Madge, prints _Old Wifes' Tale_ (_Biog.

probablyadverbUS /ˈprɑːbəbliː/

with considerable certainty; without much doubt

From this reading The plural form of the title ought probably to be singular, in spite of common usage, the gloss _ealdra cwéna spel_ (Wright, _Voc._), and 1 Timothy iv, 7; Mr. Fleay, perhaps as a concession to Madge, prints _Old Wifes' Tale_ (_Biog.

singularadjectiveUS /ˈsɪŋɡjələr/

unusual or striking

From this reading The plural form of the title ought probably to be singular, in spite of common usage, the gloss _ealdra cwéna spel_ (Wright, _Voc._), and 1 Timothy iv, 7; Mr. Fleay, perhaps as a concession to Madge, prints _Old Wifes' Tale_ (_Biog.

soconjunctionUS /soʊ/

for that reason; with the result that

From this reading =Sources, Title, Text.=--The sources of the play, so far as one may speak of sources, are indicated in general above, and in particular by notes to the following text.

SourcesnounUS /ˈsɔːrsəz/

plural of “source” — the place where something begins, where it springs into being

From this reading =Sources, Title, Text.=--The sources of the play, so far as one may speak of sources, are indicated in general above, and in particular by notes to the following text.

speakverbUS /spiːk/

express in speech

From this reading =Sources, Title, Text.=--The sources of the play, so far as one may speak of sources, are indicated in general above, and in particular by notes to the following text.

spel

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The plural form of the title ought probably to be singular, in spite of common usage, the gloss _ealdra cwéna spel_ (Wright, _Voc._), and 1 Timothy iv, 7; Mr. Fleay, perhaps as a concession to Madge, prints _Old Wifes' Tale_ (_Biog.

spitenounUS /spaɪt/

feeling a need to see others suffer

From this reading The plural form of the title ought probably to be singular, in spite of common usage, the gloss _ealdra cwéna spel_ (Wright, _Voc._), and 1 Timothy iv, 7; Mr. Fleay, perhaps as a concession to Madge, prints _Old Wifes' Tale_ (_Biog.

TalenounUS /teɪl/

a message that tells the particulars of an act or occurrence or course of events; presented in writing or drama or cinema or as a radio or television program

From this reading The plural form of the title ought probably to be singular, in spite of common usage, the gloss _ealdra cwéna spel_ (Wright, _Voc._), and 1 Timothy iv, 7; Mr. Fleay, perhaps as a concession to Madge, prints _Old Wifes' Tale_ (_Biog.

TextnounUS /tekst/

the words of something written

From this reading =Sources, Title, Text.=--The sources of the play, so far as one may speak of sources, are indicated in general above, and in particular by notes to the following text.

ThedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading =Sources, Title, Text.=--The sources of the play, so far as one may speak of sources, are indicated in general above, and in particular by notes to the following text.

TimothynounUS /ˈtɪməθi/

grass with long cylindrical spikes grown in northern United States and Europe for hay

From this reading The plural form of the title ought probably to be singular, in spite of common usage, the gloss _ealdra cwéna spel_ (Wright, _Voc._), and 1 Timothy iv, 7; Mr. Fleay, perhaps as a concession to Madge, prints _Old Wifes' Tale_ (_Biog.

TitlenounUS /ˈtaɪtəl/

a heading that names a statute or legislative bill; may give a brief summary of the matters it deals with

From this reading =Sources, Title, Text.=--The sources of the play, so far as one may speak of sources, are indicated in general above, and in particular by notes to the following text.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading =Sources, Title, Text.=--The sources of the play, so far as one may speak of sources, are indicated in general above, and in particular by notes to the following text.

usagenounUS /ˈjuːsədʒ/

the act of using

From this reading The plural form of the title ought probably to be singular, in spite of common usage, the gloss _ealdra cwéna spel_ (Wright, _Voc._), and 1 Timothy iv, 7; Mr. Fleay, perhaps as a concession to Madge, prints _Old Wifes' Tale_ (_Biog.

Voc

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The plural form of the title ought probably to be singular, in spite of common usage, the gloss _ealdra cwéna spel_ (Wright, _Voc._), and 1 Timothy iv, 7; Mr. Fleay, perhaps as a concession to Madge, prints _Old Wifes' Tale_ (_Biog.

Wifes

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The plural form of the title ought probably to be singular, in spite of common usage, the gloss _ealdra cwéna spel_ (Wright, _Voc._), and 1 Timothy iv, 7; Mr. Fleay, perhaps as a concession to Madge, prints _Old Wifes' Tale_ (_Biog.

WrightnounUS /raɪt/

United States writer of detective novels (1888-1939)

From this reading The plural form of the title ought probably to be singular, in spite of common usage, the gloss _ealdra cwéna spel_ (Wright, _Voc._), and 1 Timothy iv, 7; Mr. Fleay, perhaps as a concession to Madge, prints _Old Wifes' Tale_ (_Biog.

Chapter 22 of Representative English Comedies, V. 1. From the Beginnings to Shakespeare by Charles Mills [Editor] Gayley holds 379 sentences, grouped into 76 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 22 of Representative English Comedies, V. 1. From the Beginnings to contain?

Chapter 22 holds 379 sentences of Representative English Comedies, V. 1. From the Beginnings to Shakespeare, unabridged, divided into 76 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 22 of Representative English Comedies, V. 1. From the Beginnings to Shakespeare by Charles Mills [Editor] Gayley exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 379 sentences, grouped into 76 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 22 of Representative English Comedies, V. 1. From the Beginnings to?

Work through the 76 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 76 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

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Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 22 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

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Project Gutenberg eBook #49710, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

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Vocabulary met early in Representative English Comedies, V. 1. From the Beginnings to Shakespeare

Words and structures a reader meets early in Representative English Comedies, V. 1. From the Beginnings to Shakespeare, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Changes
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Representative English Comedies, V. 1. From the Beginnings to Shakespeare; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Found
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Representative English Comedies, V. 1. From the Beginnings to Shakespeare; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Charles
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Representative English Comedies, V. 1. From the Beginnings to Shakespeare; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Mills
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Representative English Comedies, V. 1. From the Beginnings to Shakespeare; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.