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Res Judicatæ: Papers and Essays
Res Judicatæ: Papers and Essays

Chapter IV

Chapter 4 of Res Judicatæ: Papers and Essays is here in full — 446 sentences across 90 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

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Context Illustration Reading 1/89 · 5 lines
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'The delicate shells lay on the shore; The bubbles of the latest wave Fresh pearl to their enamel gave; And the bellowing of the savage sea Greeted their safe escape to me.
I wiped away the weeds and foam And brought my sea-born treasures home: But the poor, unsightly noisome things Had left their beauty on the shore, With the sun and the sand and the wild uproar.'
If I may suppose this paper read by someone who is not yet acquainted with Newman's writings I would advise him, unless he is bent on theology, to begin not with the _Sermons_, not even with the _Apologia_, but with the _Lectures on the Present Position of Catholics in England_.
Then let him take up the _Lectures on the Idea of an University_, and on _University Subjects_.
These may be followed by _Discussions and Arguments_, after which he will be well disposed to read the _Lectures on the Difficulties felt by Anglicans_.
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LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

Res Judicatæ: Papers and Essays

Chapter IV

Chapter 4 of Res Judicatæ: Papers and Essays is here in full — 446 sentences across 90 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/89 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
'The delicate shells lay on the shore; The bubbles of the latest wave Fresh pearl to their enamel gave; And the bellowing of the savage sea Greeted their safe escape to me.
/ðə ˈdeləkət ʃelz leɪ ɑːn ðə ʃɔːr ðə ˈbʌbəlz ʌv ðə ˈleɪtəst weɪv freʃ pɜːrl tuː ðer ɪˈnæməl ɡeɪv ənd ðə ˈbeloʊɪŋ ʌv ðə ˈsævədʒ siː ˈɡriːtəd ðer seɪf ɪˈskeɪp tuː miː/
Line 2
I wiped away the weeds and foam And brought my sea-born treasures home: But the poor, unsightly noisome things Had left their beauty on the shore, With the sun and the sand and the wild uproar.'
Line 3
If I may suppose this paper read by someone who is not yet acquainted with Newman's writings I would advise him, unless he is bent on theology, to begin not with the _Sermons_, not even with the _Apologia_, but with the _Lectures on the Present Position of Catholics in England_.
Line 4
Then let him take up the _Lectures on the Idea of an University_, and on _University Subjects_.
/ðen let hɪm teɪk ʌp ðə ˈlektʃərz ɑːn ðə aɪˈdiːə ʌv æn ˌjuːnəˈvɜːrsəti ənd ɑːn ˌjuːnəˈvɜːrsəti ˈsʌbdʒɪkts/
Line 5
These may be followed by _Discussions and Arguments_, after which he will be well disposed to read the _Lectures on the Difficulties felt by Anglicans_.
/ðiːz meɪ biː ˈfɑːloʊd baɪ dɪˈskʌʃənz ənd ˈɑːrɡjəmənts ˈæftər wɪtʃ hiː wɪl biː wel dɪˈspoʊzd tuː red ðə ˈlektʃərz ɑːn ðə ˈdɪfəkəltiz felt baɪ ˈæŋɡlɪkənz/

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

Anglicans noun US /ˈæŋɡlɪkənz/

plural of “anglican” — a Protestant who is a follower of Anglicanism

bellowing noun US /ˈbeloʊɪŋ/

a very loud utterance (like the sound of an animal)

From this reading “'The delicate shells lay on the shore; The bubbles of the latest wave Fresh pearl to their enamel gave; And the bellowing of the savage sea Greeted their safe escape to me.”

Catholics noun US /ˈkæθlɪks/

plural of “catholic” — a member of a Catholic church

From this reading “If I may suppose this paper read by someone who is not yet acquainted with Newman's writings I would advise him, unless he is bent on theology, to begin not with the _Sermons_, not even with the _Apologia_, but with the _Lectures on the Present Position of Catholics in England_.”

Discussions noun US /dɪˈskʌʃənz/

plural of “discussion” — an extended communication (often interactive) dealing with some particular topic

enamel noun US /ɪˈnæməl/

hard white substance covering the crown of a tooth

From this reading “'The delicate shells lay on the shore; The bubbles of the latest wave Fresh pearl to their enamel gave; And the bellowing of the savage sea Greeted their safe escape to me.”

Newman's noun US /ˈnuːmənz/

possessive form of “newman” — United States film actor (born in 1925)

From this reading “If I may suppose this paper read by someone who is not yet acquainted with Newman's writings I would advise him, unless he is bent on theology, to begin not with the _Sermons_, not even with the _Apologia_, but with the _Lectures on the Present Position of Catholics in England_.”

theology noun US /θiˈɑːlədʒi/

the rational and systematic study of religion and its influences and of the nature of religious truth

From this reading “If I may suppose this paper read by someone who is not yet acquainted with Newman's writings I would advise him, unless he is bent on theology, to begin not with the _Sermons_, not even with the _Apologia_, but with the _Lectures on the Present Position of Catholics in England_.”

unsightly adjective US /ənˈsaɪtli/

unpleasant to look at

From this reading “I wiped away the weeds and foam And brought my sea-born treasures home: But the poor, unsightly noisome things Had left their beauty on the shore, With the sun and the sand and the wild uproar.'”

Word partnerships in these lines

English keeps certain words together, and knowing the pair is worth more than knowing each word alone. Every partnership below was counted across our whole published library, and earns its place by appearing far more often than two unrelated words of the same frequency would.

Shown as this reading writes them, with the form the library counts, what kind of pairing it is, and how often it occurs.

wiped away verb + particle counted as “wipe away”

remove by wiping

In this reading “I wiped away the weeds and foam And brought my sea-born treasures home: But the poor, unsightly noisome things Had left their beauty on the shore, With the sun and the sand and the wild uproar.'”

Present Position verb + noun

In this reading “If I may suppose this paper read by someone who is not yet acquainted with Newman's writings I would advise him, unless he is bent on theology, to begin not with the _Sermons_, not even with the _Apologia_, but with the _Lectures on the Present Position of Catholics in England_.”

followed by verb + particle counted as “follow by”

In this reading “These may be followed by _Discussions and Arguments_, after which he will be well disposed to read the _Lectures on the Difficulties felt by Anglicans_.”

Lectures on verb + particle counted as “lecture on”

In this reading “If I may suppose this paper read by someone who is not yet acquainted with Newman's writings I would advise him, unless he is bent on theology, to begin not with the _Sermons_, not even with the _Apologia_, but with the _Lectures on the Present Position of Catholics in England_.”

well disposed adverb + adjective

inclined to help or support; not antagonistic or hostile

In this reading “These may be followed by _Discussions and Arguments_, after which he will be well disposed to read the _Lectures on the Difficulties felt by Anglicans_.”

on the shore preposition + article + noun counted as “on … shore”

In this reading “'The delicate shells lay on the shore; The bubbles of the latest wave Fresh pearl to their enamel gave; And the bellowing of the savage sea Greeted their safe escape to me.”

take up verb + adjective

pursue or resume

In this reading “Then let him take up the _Lectures on the Idea of an University_, and on _University Subjects_.”

lay on verb + particle

In this reading “'The delicate shells lay on the shore; The bubbles of the latest wave Fresh pearl to their enamel gave; And the bellowing of the savage sea Greeted their safe escape to me.”

All words in this reading · 100

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

acquaintedadjectiveUS /əˈkweɪntɪd/

having fair knowledge of

From this reading If I may suppose this paper read by someone who is not yet acquainted with Newman's writings I would advise him, unless he is bent on theology, to begin not with the _Sermons_, not even with the _Apologia_, but with the _Lectures on the Present Position of Catholics in England_.

adviseverbUS /ædˈvaɪz/

give advice to

From this reading If I may suppose this paper read by someone who is not yet acquainted with Newman's writings I would advise him, unless he is bent on theology, to begin not with the _Sermons_, not even with the _Apologia_, but with the _Lectures on the Present Position of Catholics in England_.

afterprepositionUS /ˈæftər/

later than; following

From this reading These may be followed by _Discussions and Arguments_, after which he will be well disposed to read the _Lectures on the Difficulties felt by Anglicans_.

andeterminerUS /æn/

the form of “a” used before a word that begins with a vowel sound

From this reading Then let him take up the _Lectures on the Idea of an University_, and on _University Subjects_.

AndconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading 'The delicate shells lay on the shore; The bubbles of the latest wave Fresh pearl to their enamel gave; And the bellowing of the savage sea Greeted their safe escape to me.

AnglicansnounUS /ˈæŋɡlɪkənz/

plural of “anglican” — a Protestant who is a follower of Anglicanism

From this reading These may be followed by _Discussions and Arguments_, after which he will be well disposed to read the _Lectures on the Difficulties felt by Anglicans_.

Apologianoun

a formal written defense of something you believe in strongly

From this reading If I may suppose this paper read by someone who is not yet acquainted with Newman's writings I would advise him, unless he is bent on theology, to begin not with the _Sermons_, not even with the _Apologia_, but with the _Lectures on the Present Position of Catholics in England_.

ArgumentsnounUS /ˈɑːrɡjəmənts/

plural of “argument” — a fact or assertion offered as evidence that something is true

From this reading These may be followed by _Discussions and Arguments_, after which he will be well disposed to read the _Lectures on the Difficulties felt by Anglicans_.

awayadverbUS /əˈweɪ/

from a particular thing or place or position (“forth” is obsolete)

From this reading I wiped away the weeds and foam And brought my sea-born treasures home: But the poor, unsightly noisome things Had left their beauty on the shore, With the sun and the sand and the wild uproar.'

beauxiliary verbUS /biː/

used with a past participle to form the passive, or with -ing for continuous tenses

From this reading These may be followed by _Discussions and Arguments_, after which he will be well disposed to read the _Lectures on the Difficulties felt by Anglicans_.

beautynounUS /ˈbjuːti/

the qualities that give pleasure to the senses

From this reading I wiped away the weeds and foam And brought my sea-born treasures home: But the poor, unsightly noisome things Had left their beauty on the shore, With the sun and the sand and the wild uproar.'

beginverbUS /bɪˈɡɪn/

take the first step or steps in carrying out an action

From this reading If I may suppose this paper read by someone who is not yet acquainted with Newman's writings I would advise him, unless he is bent on theology, to begin not with the _Sermons_, not even with the _Apologia_, but with the _Lectures on the Present Position of Catholics in England_.

bellowingnounUS /ˈbeloʊɪŋ/

a very loud utterance (like the sound of an animal)

From this reading 'The delicate shells lay on the shore; The bubbles of the latest wave Fresh pearl to their enamel gave; And the bellowing of the savage sea Greeted their safe escape to me.

bentnounUS /bent/

a relatively permanent inclination to react in a particular way

From this reading If I may suppose this paper read by someone who is not yet acquainted with Newman's writings I would advise him, unless he is bent on theology, to begin not with the _Sermons_, not even with the _Apologia_, but with the _Lectures on the Present Position of Catholics in England_.

broughtverbUS /brɔːt/

inflected form of “bring” — take something or somebody with oneself somewhere

From this reading I wiped away the weeds and foam And brought my sea-born treasures home: But the poor, unsightly noisome things Had left their beauty on the shore, With the sun and the sand and the wild uproar.'

bubblesnounUS /ˈbʌbəlz/

plural of “bubble” — a hollow globule of gas (e.g., air or carbon dioxide)

From this reading 'The delicate shells lay on the shore; The bubbles of the latest wave Fresh pearl to their enamel gave; And the bellowing of the savage sea Greeted their safe escape to me.

ButconjunctionUS /bʌt/

used to introduce something that contrasts with what came before

From this reading I wiped away the weeds and foam And brought my sea-born treasures home: But the poor, unsightly noisome things Had left their beauty on the shore, With the sun and the sand and the wild uproar.'

byprepositionUS /baɪ/

showing who or what does the action

From this reading If I may suppose this paper read by someone who is not yet acquainted with Newman's writings I would advise him, unless he is bent on theology, to begin not with the _Sermons_, not even with the _Apologia_, but with the _Lectures on the Present Position of Catholics in England_.

CatholicsnounUS /ˈkæθlɪks/

plural of “catholic” — a member of a Catholic church

From this reading If I may suppose this paper read by someone who is not yet acquainted with Newman's writings I would advise him, unless he is bent on theology, to begin not with the _Sermons_, not even with the _Apologia_, but with the _Lectures on the Present Position of Catholics in England_.

delicateadjectiveUS /ˈdeləkət/

exquisitely fine and subtle and pleasing; susceptible to injury

From this reading 'The delicate shells lay on the shore; The bubbles of the latest wave Fresh pearl to their enamel gave; And the bellowing of the savage sea Greeted their safe escape to me.

DifficultiesnounUS /ˈdɪfəkəltiz/

plural of “difficulty” — an effort that is inconvenient

From this reading These may be followed by _Discussions and Arguments_, after which he will be well disposed to read the _Lectures on the Difficulties felt by Anglicans_.

DiscussionsnounUS /dɪˈskʌʃənz/

plural of “discussion” — an extended communication (often interactive) dealing with some particular topic

From this reading These may be followed by _Discussions and Arguments_, after which he will be well disposed to read the _Lectures on the Difficulties felt by Anglicans_.

disposedadjectiveUS /dɪˈspoʊzd/

having made preparations

From this reading These may be followed by _Discussions and Arguments_, after which he will be well disposed to read the _Lectures on the Difficulties felt by Anglicans_.

enamelnounUS /ɪˈnæməl/

hard white substance covering the crown of a tooth

From this reading 'The delicate shells lay on the shore; The bubbles of the latest wave Fresh pearl to their enamel gave; And the bellowing of the savage sea Greeted their safe escape to me.

EnglandnounUS /ˈɪŋɡlənd/

a division of the United Kingdom

From this reading If I may suppose this paper read by someone who is not yet acquainted with Newman's writings I would advise him, unless he is bent on theology, to begin not with the _Sermons_, not even with the _Apologia_, but with the _Lectures on the Present Position of Catholics in England_.

escapenounUS /ɪˈskeɪp/

the act of escaping physically

From this reading 'The delicate shells lay on the shore; The bubbles of the latest wave Fresh pearl to their enamel gave; And the bellowing of the savage sea Greeted their safe escape to me.

evenadjectiveUS /ˈiːvɪn/

divisible by two

From this reading If I may suppose this paper read by someone who is not yet acquainted with Newman's writings I would advise him, unless he is bent on theology, to begin not with the _Sermons_, not even with the _Apologia_, but with the _Lectures on the Present Position of Catholics in England_.

feltverbUS /felt/

mat together and make felt-like

From this reading These may be followed by _Discussions and Arguments_, after which he will be well disposed to read the _Lectures on the Difficulties felt by Anglicans_.

foamnounUS /foʊm/

a mass of small bubbles formed in or on a liquid

From this reading I wiped away the weeds and foam And brought my sea-born treasures home: But the poor, unsightly noisome things Had left their beauty on the shore, With the sun and the sand and the wild uproar.'

followedverbUS /ˈfɑːloʊd/

past form of “follow” — to travel behind, go after, come after

From this reading These may be followed by _Discussions and Arguments_, after which he will be well disposed to read the _Lectures on the Difficulties felt by Anglicans_.

FreshadjectiveUS /freʃ/

recently made, produced, or harvested

From this reading 'The delicate shells lay on the shore; The bubbles of the latest wave Fresh pearl to their enamel gave; And the bellowing of the savage sea Greeted their safe escape to me.

gaveverbUS /ɡeɪv/

inflected form of “give” — cause to have, in the abstract sense or physical sense

From this reading 'The delicate shells lay on the shore; The bubbles of the latest wave Fresh pearl to their enamel gave; And the bellowing of the savage sea Greeted their safe escape to me.

GreetedverbUS /ˈɡriːtəd/

past form of “greet” — express greetings upon meeting someone

From this reading 'The delicate shells lay on the shore; The bubbles of the latest wave Fresh pearl to their enamel gave; And the bellowing of the savage sea Greeted their safe escape to me.

Hadauxiliary verbUS /hæd/

the past form of “have”, used to form the past perfect

From this reading I wiped away the weeds and foam And brought my sea-born treasures home: But the poor, unsightly noisome things Had left their beauty on the shore, With the sun and the sand and the wild uproar.'

hepronounUS /hiː/

a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading If I may suppose this paper read by someone who is not yet acquainted with Newman's writings I would advise him, unless he is bent on theology, to begin not with the _Sermons_, not even with the _Apologia_, but with the _Lectures on the Present Position of Catholics in England_.

himpronounUS /hɪm/

the male already mentioned, as the object of a verb or preposition

From this reading If I may suppose this paper read by someone who is not yet acquainted with Newman's writings I would advise him, unless he is bent on theology, to begin not with the _Sermons_, not even with the _Apologia_, but with the _Lectures on the Present Position of Catholics in England_.

homenounUS /hoʊm/

where you live at a particular time

From this reading I wiped away the weeds and foam And brought my sea-born treasures home: But the poor, unsightly noisome things Had left their beauty on the shore, With the sun and the sand and the wild uproar.'

IpronounUS /aɪ/

the person speaking or writing, as the subject of the verb

From this reading I wiped away the weeds and foam And brought my sea-born treasures home: But the poor, unsightly noisome things Had left their beauty on the shore, With the sun and the sand and the wild uproar.'

IdeanounUS /aɪˈdiːə/

the content of cognition; the main thing you are thinking about

From this reading Then let him take up the _Lectures on the Idea of an University_, and on _University Subjects_.

IfconjunctionUS /ɪf/

on condition that; in the event that

From this reading If I may suppose this paper read by someone who is not yet acquainted with Newman's writings I would advise him, unless he is bent on theology, to begin not with the _Sermons_, not even with the _Apologia_, but with the _Lectures on the Present Position of Catholics in England_.

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading If I may suppose this paper read by someone who is not yet acquainted with Newman's writings I would advise him, unless he is bent on theology, to begin not with the _Sermons_, not even with the _Apologia_, but with the _Lectures on the Present Position of Catholics in England_.

isauxiliary verbUS /ɪz/

the form of “be” used with he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading If I may suppose this paper read by someone who is not yet acquainted with Newman's writings I would advise him, unless he is bent on theology, to begin not with the _Sermons_, not even with the _Apologia_, but with the _Lectures on the Present Position of Catholics in England_.

latestadjectiveUS /ˈleɪtəst/

up to the immediate present; most recent or most up-to-date

From this reading 'The delicate shells lay on the shore; The bubbles of the latest wave Fresh pearl to their enamel gave; And the bellowing of the savage sea Greeted their safe escape to me.

layverbUS /leɪ/

put into a certain place or abstract location

From this reading 'The delicate shells lay on the shore; The bubbles of the latest wave Fresh pearl to their enamel gave; And the bellowing of the savage sea Greeted their safe escape to me.

LecturesnounUS /ˈlektʃərz/

plural of “lecture” — a speech that is open to the public

From this reading If I may suppose this paper read by someone who is not yet acquainted with Newman's writings I would advise him, unless he is bent on theology, to begin not with the _Sermons_, not even with the _Apologia_, but with the _Lectures on the Present Position of Catholics in England_.

leftnounUS /left/

location near or direction toward the left side; i.e. the side to the north when a person or object faces east

From this reading I wiped away the weeds and foam And brought my sea-born treasures home: But the poor, unsightly noisome things Had left their beauty on the shore, With the sun and the sand and the wild uproar.'

letauxiliary verbUS /let/

used to make a suggestion or a command including the speaker

From this reading Then let him take up the _Lectures on the Idea of an University_, and on _University Subjects_.

maymodal verbUS /meɪ/

used to say something is possible, or to give permission

From this reading If I may suppose this paper read by someone who is not yet acquainted with Newman's writings I would advise him, unless he is bent on theology, to begin not with the _Sermons_, not even with the _Apologia_, but with the _Lectures on the Present Position of Catholics in England_.

mepronounUS /miː/

the person speaking, as the object of a verb or preposition

From this reading 'The delicate shells lay on the shore; The bubbles of the latest wave Fresh pearl to their enamel gave; And the bellowing of the savage sea Greeted their safe escape to me.

mydeterminerUS /maɪ/

belonging to the person speaking

From this reading I wiped away the weeds and foam And brought my sea-born treasures home: But the poor, unsightly noisome things Had left their beauty on the shore, With the sun and the sand and the wild uproar.'

Newman'snounUS /ˈnuːmənz/

possessive form of “newman” — United States film actor (born in 1925)

From this reading If I may suppose this paper read by someone who is not yet acquainted with Newman's writings I would advise him, unless he is bent on theology, to begin not with the _Sermons_, not even with the _Apologia_, but with the _Lectures on the Present Position of Catholics in England_.

noisomeadjective

causing or able to cause nausea

From this reading I wiped away the weeds and foam And brought my sea-born treasures home: But the poor, unsightly noisome things Had left their beauty on the shore, With the sun and the sand and the wild uproar.'

notadverbUS /nɑːt/

used to make a word, phrase, or sentence negative

From this reading If I may suppose this paper read by someone who is not yet acquainted with Newman's writings I would advise him, unless he is bent on theology, to begin not with the _Sermons_, not even with the _Apologia_, but with the _Lectures on the Present Position of Catholics in England_.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading 'The delicate shells lay on the shore; The bubbles of the latest wave Fresh pearl to their enamel gave; And the bellowing of the savage sea Greeted their safe escape to me.

onprepositionUS /ɑːn/

touching and supported by a surface

From this reading 'The delicate shells lay on the shore; The bubbles of the latest wave Fresh pearl to their enamel gave; And the bellowing of the savage sea Greeted their safe escape to me.

papernounUS /ˈpeɪpər/

a material made of cellulose pulp derived mainly from wood or rags or certain grasses

From this reading If I may suppose this paper read by someone who is not yet acquainted with Newman's writings I would advise him, unless he is bent on theology, to begin not with the _Sermons_, not even with the _Apologia_, but with the _Lectures on the Present Position of Catholics in England_.

pearlnounUS /pɜːrl/

a smooth lustrous round structure inside the shell of a clam or oyster; much valued as a jewel

From this reading 'The delicate shells lay on the shore; The bubbles of the latest wave Fresh pearl to their enamel gave; And the bellowing of the savage sea Greeted their safe escape to me.

pooradjectiveUS /puːr/

deserving or inciting pity

From this reading I wiped away the weeds and foam And brought my sea-born treasures home: But the poor, unsightly noisome things Had left their beauty on the shore, With the sun and the sand and the wild uproar.'

PositionnounUS /pəˈzɪʃən/

the particular portion of space occupied by something

From this reading If I may suppose this paper read by someone who is not yet acquainted with Newman's writings I would advise him, unless he is bent on theology, to begin not with the _Sermons_, not even with the _Apologia_, but with the _Lectures on the Present Position of Catholics in England_.

PresentverbUS /ˈprezənt/

give an exhibition of to an interested audience

From this reading If I may suppose this paper read by someone who is not yet acquainted with Newman's writings I would advise him, unless he is bent on theology, to begin not with the _Sermons_, not even with the _Apologia_, but with the _Lectures on the Present Position of Catholics in England_.

readverbUS /red/

interpret something that is written or printed

From this reading If I may suppose this paper read by someone who is not yet acquainted with Newman's writings I would advise him, unless he is bent on theology, to begin not with the _Sermons_, not even with the _Apologia_, but with the _Lectures on the Present Position of Catholics in England_.

safeadjectiveUS /seɪf/

free from danger or the risk of harm

From this reading 'The delicate shells lay on the shore; The bubbles of the latest wave Fresh pearl to their enamel gave; And the bellowing of the savage sea Greeted their safe escape to me.

sandnounUS /sænd/

a loose material consisting of grains of rock or coral

From this reading I wiped away the weeds and foam And brought my sea-born treasures home: But the poor, unsightly noisome things Had left their beauty on the shore, With the sun and the sand and the wild uproar.'

savageadjectiveUS /ˈsævədʒ/

(of persons or their actions) able or disposed to inflict pain or suffering

From this reading 'The delicate shells lay on the shore; The bubbles of the latest wave Fresh pearl to their enamel gave; And the bellowing of the savage sea Greeted their safe escape to me.

seanounUS /siː/

a division of an ocean or a large body of salt water partially enclosed by land

From this reading 'The delicate shells lay on the shore; The bubbles of the latest wave Fresh pearl to their enamel gave; And the bellowing of the savage sea Greeted their safe escape to me.

sea-born

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading I wiped away the weeds and foam And brought my sea-born treasures home: But the poor, unsightly noisome things Had left their beauty on the shore, With the sun and the sand and the wild uproar.'

SermonsnounUS /ˈsɜːrmənz/

plural of “sermon” — an address of a religious nature (usually delivered during a church service)

From this reading If I may suppose this paper read by someone who is not yet acquainted with Newman's writings I would advise him, unless he is bent on theology, to begin not with the _Sermons_, not even with the _Apologia_, but with the _Lectures on the Present Position of Catholics in England_.

shellsnounUS /ʃelz/

plural of “shell” — ammunition consisting of a cylindrical metal casing containing an explosive charge and a projectile; fired from a large gun

From this reading 'The delicate shells lay on the shore; The bubbles of the latest wave Fresh pearl to their enamel gave; And the bellowing of the savage sea Greeted their safe escape to me.

shorenounUS /ʃɔːr/

the land along the edge of a body of water

From this reading 'The delicate shells lay on the shore; The bubbles of the latest wave Fresh pearl to their enamel gave; And the bellowing of the savage sea Greeted their safe escape to me.

someonepronounUS /ˈsʌmwʌn/

a person, without saying who

From this reading If I may suppose this paper read by someone who is not yet acquainted with Newman's writings I would advise him, unless he is bent on theology, to begin not with the _Sermons_, not even with the _Apologia_, but with the _Lectures on the Present Position of Catholics in England_.

SubjectsnounUS /ˈsʌbdʒɪkts/

plural of “subject” — the subject matter of a conversation or discussion

From this reading Then let him take up the _Lectures on the Idea of an University_, and on _University Subjects_.

sunnounUS /sʌn/

the star that is the source of light and heat for the planets in the solar system

From this reading I wiped away the weeds and foam And brought my sea-born treasures home: But the poor, unsightly noisome things Had left their beauty on the shore, With the sun and the sand and the wild uproar.'

supposeverbUS /səˈpoʊz/

express a supposition

From this reading If I may suppose this paper read by someone who is not yet acquainted with Newman's writings I would advise him, unless he is bent on theology, to begin not with the _Sermons_, not even with the _Apologia_, but with the _Lectures on the Present Position of Catholics in England_.

takeverbUS /teɪk/

carry out

From this reading Then let him take up the _Lectures on the Idea of an University_, and on _University Subjects_.

ThedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading 'The delicate shells lay on the shore; The bubbles of the latest wave Fresh pearl to their enamel gave; And the bellowing of the savage sea Greeted their safe escape to me.

theirdeterminerUS /ðer/

belonging to the people or things already mentioned

From this reading 'The delicate shells lay on the shore; The bubbles of the latest wave Fresh pearl to their enamel gave; And the bellowing of the savage sea Greeted their safe escape to me.

ThenadverbUS /ðen/

subsequently or soon afterward (often used as sentence connectors)

From this reading Then let him take up the _Lectures on the Idea of an University_, and on _University Subjects_.

theologynounUS /θiˈɑːlədʒi/

the rational and systematic study of religion and its influences and of the nature of religious truth

From this reading If I may suppose this paper read by someone who is not yet acquainted with Newman's writings I would advise him, unless he is bent on theology, to begin not with the _Sermons_, not even with the _Apologia_, but with the _Lectures on the Present Position of Catholics in England_.

ThesedeterminerUS /ðiːz/

the plural of “this”: the people or things near, or just mentioned

From this reading These may be followed by _Discussions and Arguments_, after which he will be well disposed to read the _Lectures on the Difficulties felt by Anglicans_.

thingsnounUS /θɪŋz/

any movable possession (especially articles of clothing)

From this reading I wiped away the weeds and foam And brought my sea-born treasures home: But the poor, unsightly noisome things Had left their beauty on the shore, With the sun and the sand and the wild uproar.'

thisdeterminerUS /ðɪs/

used for a person or thing that is near, or that has just been mentioned

From this reading If I may suppose this paper read by someone who is not yet acquainted with Newman's writings I would advise him, unless he is bent on theology, to begin not with the _Sermons_, not even with the _Apologia_, but with the _Lectures on the Present Position of Catholics in England_.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading 'The delicate shells lay on the shore; The bubbles of the latest wave Fresh pearl to their enamel gave; And the bellowing of the savage sea Greeted their safe escape to me.

treasuresnounUS /ˈtreʒərz/

plural of “treasure” — accumulated wealth in the form of money or jewels etc.

From this reading I wiped away the weeds and foam And brought my sea-born treasures home: But the poor, unsightly noisome things Had left their beauty on the shore, With the sun and the sand and the wild uproar.'

UniversitynounUS /ˌjuːnəˈvɜːrsəti/

the body of faculty and students at a university

From this reading Then let him take up the _Lectures on the Idea of an University_, and on _University Subjects_.

unlessconjunctionUS /ənˈles/

except if; if not

From this reading If I may suppose this paper read by someone who is not yet acquainted with Newman's writings I would advise him, unless he is bent on theology, to begin not with the _Sermons_, not even with the _Apologia_, but with the _Lectures on the Present Position of Catholics in England_.

unsightlyadjectiveUS /ənˈsaɪtli/

unpleasant to look at

From this reading I wiped away the weeds and foam And brought my sea-born treasures home: But the poor, unsightly noisome things Had left their beauty on the shore, With the sun and the sand and the wild uproar.'

upadjectiveUS /ʌp/

being or moving higher in position or greater in some value; being above a former position or level

From this reading Then let him take up the _Lectures on the Idea of an University_, and on _University Subjects_.

uproarnounUS /ˈʌprɔːr/

a state of commotion and noise and confusion

From this reading I wiped away the weeds and foam And brought my sea-born treasures home: But the poor, unsightly noisome things Had left their beauty on the shore, With the sun and the sand and the wild uproar.'

wavenounUS /weɪv/

one of a series of ridges that moves across the surface of a liquid (especially across a large body of water)

From this reading 'The delicate shells lay on the shore; The bubbles of the latest wave Fresh pearl to their enamel gave; And the bellowing of the savage sea Greeted their safe escape to me.

weedsnounUS /wiːdz/

a black garment (dress) worn by a widow as a sign of mourning

From this reading I wiped away the weeds and foam And brought my sea-born treasures home: But the poor, unsightly noisome things Had left their beauty on the shore, With the sun and the sand and the wild uproar.'

welladverbUS /wel/

(often used as a combining form) in a good or proper or satisfactory manner or to a high standard (“good” is a nonstandard dialectal variant for “well”)

From this reading These may be followed by _Discussions and Arguments_, after which he will be well disposed to read the _Lectures on the Difficulties felt by Anglicans_.

whichpronounUS /wɪtʃ/

used to introduce a clause giving more about a thing just mentioned

From this reading These may be followed by _Discussions and Arguments_, after which he will be well disposed to read the _Lectures on the Difficulties felt by Anglicans_.

whopronounUS /huː/

which person or people

From this reading If I may suppose this paper read by someone who is not yet acquainted with Newman's writings I would advise him, unless he is bent on theology, to begin not with the _Sermons_, not even with the _Apologia_, but with the _Lectures on the Present Position of Catholics in England_.

wildadjectiveUS /waɪld/

marked by extreme lack of restraint or control

From this reading I wiped away the weeds and foam And brought my sea-born treasures home: But the poor, unsightly noisome things Had left their beauty on the shore, With the sun and the sand and the wild uproar.'

willmodal verbUS /wɪl/

used to talk about the future, or about willingness

From this reading These may be followed by _Discussions and Arguments_, after which he will be well disposed to read the _Lectures on the Difficulties felt by Anglicans_.

wipedverbUS /waɪpt/

past form of “wipe” — rub with a circular motion

From this reading I wiped away the weeds and foam And brought my sea-born treasures home: But the poor, unsightly noisome things Had left their beauty on the shore, With the sun and the sand and the wild uproar.'

WithprepositionUS /wɪð/

in the company of; together with

From this reading I wiped away the weeds and foam And brought my sea-born treasures home: But the poor, unsightly noisome things Had left their beauty on the shore, With the sun and the sand and the wild uproar.'

wouldmodal verbUS /wʊd/

used for something imagined, polite, or habitual in the past

From this reading If I may suppose this paper read by someone who is not yet acquainted with Newman's writings I would advise him, unless he is bent on theology, to begin not with the _Sermons_, not even with the _Apologia_, but with the _Lectures on the Present Position of Catholics in England_.

writingsnounUS /ˈraɪtɪŋz/

the third of three divisions of the Hebrew Scriptures

From this reading If I may suppose this paper read by someone who is not yet acquainted with Newman's writings I would advise him, unless he is bent on theology, to begin not with the _Sermons_, not even with the _Apologia_, but with the _Lectures on the Present Position of Catholics in England_.

yetconjunctionUS /jet/

but in spite of that

From this reading If I may suppose this paper read by someone who is not yet acquainted with Newman's writings I would advise him, unless he is bent on theology, to begin not with the _Sermons_, not even with the _Apologia_, but with the _Lectures on the Present Position of Catholics in England_.

Chapter 4 of Res Judicatæ: Papers and Essays by Augustine Birrell holds 446 sentences, grouped into 90 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

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Chapter 4 holds 446 sentences of Res Judicatæ: Papers and Essays, unabridged, divided into 90 reading sections.

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Letters
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Authors
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Obiter
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