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Reuben Sachs
Reuben Sachs

Chapter IV

Chapter 4 of Reuben Sachs is here in full — 76 sentences across 16 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

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Context Illustration Reading 1/15 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
The full sum of me Is an untutored girl, unschooled, unpractised.
_Merchant of Venice._ Judith Quixano had lived with the Leunigers ever since she was fifteen years old.
Her mother, Israel Leuniger’s sister, had been thought to do very well for herself when she married Joshua Quixano, who came of a family of Portuguese merchants, the _vieille noblesse_ of the Jewish community.
That was before the days of Leuniger’s prosperity; now here, as elsewhere, the prestige of birth had dwindled, that of money had increased.
The Quixanos were a large family, and they had grown poorer with the years; very gratefully did they welcome the offer of the rich uncle to adopt their eldest daughter.
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LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

Reuben Sachs

Chapter IV

Chapter 4 of Reuben Sachs is here in full — 76 sentences across 16 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/15 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
The full sum of me Is an untutored girl, unschooled, unpractised.
Line 2
_Merchant of Venice._ Judith Quixano had lived with the Leunigers ever since she was fifteen years old.
Line 3
Her mother, Israel Leuniger’s sister, had been thought to do very well for herself when she married Joshua Quixano, who came of a family of Portuguese merchants, the _vieille noblesse_ of the Jewish community.
Line 4
That was before the days of Leuniger’s prosperity; now here, as elsewhere, the prestige of birth had dwindled, that of money had increased.
Line 5
The Quixanos were a large family, and they had grown poorer with the years; very gratefully did they welcome the offer of the rich uncle to adopt their eldest daughter.

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

dwindled verb US /ˈdwɪndəld/

past form of “dwindle” — become smaller or lose substance

From this reading “That was before the days of Leuniger’s prosperity; now here, as elsewhere, the prestige of birth had dwindled, that of money had increased.”

gratefully adverb US /ˈɡreɪtfəli/

with appreciation; in a grateful manner

From this reading “The Quixanos were a large family, and they had grown poorer with the years; very gratefully did they welcome the offer of the rich uncle to adopt their eldest daughter.”

Jewish adjective US /ˈdʒuːɪʃ/

of or relating to Jews or their culture or religion

From this reading “Her mother, Israel Leuniger’s sister, had been thought to do very well for herself when she married Joshua Quixano, who came of a family of Portuguese merchants, the _vieille noblesse_ of the Jewish community.”

Joshua noun US /ˈdʒɑːʃuːə/

(Old Testament) Moses' successor who led the Israelites into the Promised Land; best remembered for his destruction of Jericho

From this reading “Her mother, Israel Leuniger’s sister, had been thought to do very well for herself when she married Joshua Quixano, who came of a family of Portuguese merchants, the _vieille noblesse_ of the Jewish community.”

noblesse noun US /noʊˈbles/

the state of being of noble birth

poorer adjective US /ˈpuːrər/

comparative of “poor” — deserving or inciting pity

From this reading “The Quixanos were a large family, and they had grown poorer with the years; very gratefully did they welcome the offer of the rich uncle to adopt their eldest daughter.”

Portuguese noun US /ˈpɔːrtʃəɡiːz/

the Romance language spoken in Portugal and Brazil

From this reading “Her mother, Israel Leuniger’s sister, had been thought to do very well for herself when she married Joshua Quixano, who came of a family of Portuguese merchants, the _vieille noblesse_ of the Jewish community.”

prestige noun US /preˈstiːʒ/

a high standing achieved through success or influence or wealth etc.

From this reading “That was before the days of Leuniger’s prosperity; now here, as elsewhere, the prestige of birth had dwindled, that of money had increased.”

Word partnerships in these lines

English keeps certain words together, and knowing the pair is worth more than knowing each word alone. Every partnership below was counted across our whole published library, and earns its place by appearing far more often than two unrelated words of the same frequency would.

Shown as this reading writes them, with the form the library counts, what kind of pairing it is, and how often it occurs.

eldest daughter adjective + noun

In this reading “The Quixanos were a large family, and they had grown poorer with the years; very gratefully did they welcome the offer of the rich uncle to adopt their eldest daughter.”

fifteen years noun + noun

In this reading “_Merchant of Venice._ Judith Quixano had lived with the Leunigers ever since she was fifteen years old.”

large family adjective + noun

In this reading “The Quixanos were a large family, and they had grown poorer with the years; very gratefully did they welcome the offer of the rich uncle to adopt their eldest daughter.”

lived with verb + particle counted as “live with”

tolerate or accommodate oneself to

In this reading “_Merchant of Venice._ Judith Quixano had lived with the Leunigers ever since she was fifteen years old.”

All words in this reading · 82

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading Her mother, Israel Leuniger’s sister, had been thought to do very well for herself when she married Joshua Quixano, who came of a family of Portuguese merchants, the _vieille noblesse_ of the Jewish community.

adoptverbUS /əˈdɑːpt/

choose and follow; as of theories, ideas, policies, strategies or plans

From this reading The Quixanos were a large family, and they had grown poorer with the years; very gratefully did they welcome the offer of the rich uncle to adopt their eldest daughter.

andeterminerUS /æn/

the form of “a” used before a word that begins with a vowel sound

From this reading The full sum of me Is an untutored girl, unschooled, unpractised.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading The Quixanos were a large family, and they had grown poorer with the years; very gratefully did they welcome the offer of the rich uncle to adopt their eldest daughter.

asconjunctionUS /æz/

at the same time that; because; in the way that

From this reading That was before the days of Leuniger’s prosperity; now here, as elsewhere, the prestige of birth had dwindled, that of money had increased.

beenauxiliary verbUS /bɪn/

the past participle of “be”

From this reading Her mother, Israel Leuniger’s sister, had been thought to do very well for herself when she married Joshua Quixano, who came of a family of Portuguese merchants, the _vieille noblesse_ of the Jewish community.

beforeprepositionUS /bɪˈfɔːr/

earlier than; in front of

From this reading That was before the days of Leuniger’s prosperity; now here, as elsewhere, the prestige of birth had dwindled, that of money had increased.

birthnounUS /bɜːrθ/

the time when something begins (especially life)

From this reading That was before the days of Leuniger’s prosperity; now here, as elsewhere, the prestige of birth had dwindled, that of money had increased.

cameverbUS /keɪm/

inflected form of “come” — move toward, travel toward something or somebody or approach something or somebody

From this reading Her mother, Israel Leuniger’s sister, had been thought to do very well for herself when she married Joshua Quixano, who came of a family of Portuguese merchants, the _vieille noblesse_ of the Jewish community.

communitynounUS /kəˈmjuːnəti/

a group of people living in a particular local area

From this reading Her mother, Israel Leuniger’s sister, had been thought to do very well for herself when she married Joshua Quixano, who came of a family of Portuguese merchants, the _vieille noblesse_ of the Jewish community.

daughternounUS /ˈdɔːtər/

a female human offspring

From this reading The Quixanos were a large family, and they had grown poorer with the years; very gratefully did they welcome the offer of the rich uncle to adopt their eldest daughter.

daysnounUS /deɪz/

the time during which someone's life continues

From this reading That was before the days of Leuniger’s prosperity; now here, as elsewhere, the prestige of birth had dwindled, that of money had increased.

didauxiliary verbUS /dɪd/

the past form of “do”, used in questions and negatives

From this reading The Quixanos were a large family, and they had grown poorer with the years; very gratefully did they welcome the offer of the rich uncle to adopt their eldest daughter.

doauxiliary verbUS /duː/

used to form questions and negatives, and to give emphasis

From this reading Her mother, Israel Leuniger’s sister, had been thought to do very well for herself when she married Joshua Quixano, who came of a family of Portuguese merchants, the _vieille noblesse_ of the Jewish community.

dwindledverbUS /ˈdwɪndəld/

past form of “dwindle” — become smaller or lose substance

From this reading That was before the days of Leuniger’s prosperity; now here, as elsewhere, the prestige of birth had dwindled, that of money had increased.

eldestadjectiveUS /ˈeldəst/

first in order of birth

From this reading The Quixanos were a large family, and they had grown poorer with the years; very gratefully did they welcome the offer of the rich uncle to adopt their eldest daughter.

elsewhereadverbUS /ˈelswer/

in or to another place

From this reading That was before the days of Leuniger’s prosperity; now here, as elsewhere, the prestige of birth had dwindled, that of money had increased.

everadverbUS /ˈevər/

at any time

From this reading _Merchant of Venice._ Judith Quixano had lived with the Leunigers ever since she was fifteen years old.

familynounUS /ˈfæməli/

a social unit living together

From this reading Her mother, Israel Leuniger’s sister, had been thought to do very well for herself when she married Joshua Quixano, who came of a family of Portuguese merchants, the _vieille noblesse_ of the Jewish community.

fifteennounUS /fɪfˈtiːn/

the cardinal number that is the sum of fourteen and one

From this reading _Merchant of Venice._ Judith Quixano had lived with the Leunigers ever since she was fifteen years old.

forprepositionUS /fɔːr/

intended to be given to, or used by, somebody

From this reading Her mother, Israel Leuniger’s sister, had been thought to do very well for herself when she married Joshua Quixano, who came of a family of Portuguese merchants, the _vieille noblesse_ of the Jewish community.

fulladjectiveUS /fʊl/

containing as much or as many as is possible or normal

From this reading The full sum of me Is an untutored girl, unschooled, unpractised.

girlnounUS /ɡɜːrl/

a young female

From this reading The full sum of me Is an untutored girl, unschooled, unpractised.

gratefullyadverbUS /ˈɡreɪtfəli/

with appreciation; in a grateful manner

From this reading The Quixanos were a large family, and they had grown poorer with the years; very gratefully did they welcome the offer of the rich uncle to adopt their eldest daughter.

grownadjectiveUS /ɡroʊn/

(of animals) fully developed

From this reading The Quixanos were a large family, and they had grown poorer with the years; very gratefully did they welcome the offer of the rich uncle to adopt their eldest daughter.

hadauxiliary verbUS /hæd/

the past form of “have”, used to form the past perfect

From this reading _Merchant of Venice._ Judith Quixano had lived with the Leunigers ever since she was fifteen years old.

HerdeterminerUS /hɜːr/

belonging to a woman, girl, or female animal already mentioned

From this reading Her mother, Israel Leuniger’s sister, had been thought to do very well for herself when she married Joshua Quixano, who came of a family of Portuguese merchants, the _vieille noblesse_ of the Jewish community.

hereadverbUS /hiːr/

in or at this place; where the speaker or writer is

From this reading That was before the days of Leuniger’s prosperity; now here, as elsewhere, the prestige of birth had dwindled, that of money had increased.

herselfpronounUS /hərˈself/

used when the woman or girl doing the action is also its object

From this reading Her mother, Israel Leuniger’s sister, had been thought to do very well for herself when she married Joshua Quixano, who came of a family of Portuguese merchants, the _vieille noblesse_ of the Jewish community.

increasedadjectiveUS /ˌɪnˈkriːst/

made greater in size or amount or degree

From this reading That was before the days of Leuniger’s prosperity; now here, as elsewhere, the prestige of birth had dwindled, that of money had increased.

Isauxiliary verbUS /ɪz/

the form of “be” used with he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading The full sum of me Is an untutored girl, unschooled, unpractised.

IsraelnounUS /ˈɪzriəl/

Jewish republic in southwestern Asia at eastern end of Mediterranean; formerly part of Palestine

From this reading Her mother, Israel Leuniger’s sister, had been thought to do very well for herself when she married Joshua Quixano, who came of a family of Portuguese merchants, the _vieille noblesse_ of the Jewish community.

JewishadjectiveUS /ˈdʒuːɪʃ/

of or relating to Jews or their culture or religion

From this reading Her mother, Israel Leuniger’s sister, had been thought to do very well for herself when she married Joshua Quixano, who came of a family of Portuguese merchants, the _vieille noblesse_ of the Jewish community.

JoshuanounUS /ˈdʒɑːʃuːə/

(Old Testament) Moses' successor who led the Israelites into the Promised Land; best remembered for his destruction of Jericho

From this reading Her mother, Israel Leuniger’s sister, had been thought to do very well for herself when she married Joshua Quixano, who came of a family of Portuguese merchants, the _vieille noblesse_ of the Jewish community.

JudithnounUS /ˈdʒuːdəθ/

Jewish heroine in one of the books of the Apocrypha; she saved her people by decapitating the Assyrian general Holofernes

From this reading _Merchant of Venice._ Judith Quixano had lived with the Leunigers ever since she was fifteen years old.

largeadjectiveUS /lɑːrdʒ/

above average in size or number or quantity or magnitude or extent

From this reading The Quixanos were a large family, and they had grown poorer with the years; very gratefully did they welcome the offer of the rich uncle to adopt their eldest daughter.

Leuniger's

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Her mother, Israel Leuniger’s sister, had been thought to do very well for herself when she married Joshua Quixano, who came of a family of Portuguese merchants, the _vieille noblesse_ of the Jewish community.

Leunigers

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading _Merchant of Venice._ Judith Quixano had lived with the Leunigers ever since she was fifteen years old.

livedverbUS /lɪvd/

past form of “live” — be an inhabitant of or reside in

From this reading _Merchant of Venice._ Judith Quixano had lived with the Leunigers ever since she was fifteen years old.

marriedadjectiveUS /ˈmerid/

joined in matrimony

From this reading Her mother, Israel Leuniger’s sister, had been thought to do very well for herself when she married Joshua Quixano, who came of a family of Portuguese merchants, the _vieille noblesse_ of the Jewish community.

mepronounUS /miː/

the person speaking, as the object of a verb or preposition

From this reading The full sum of me Is an untutored girl, unschooled, unpractised.

MerchantnounUS /ˈmɜːr.tʃənt/

A person or company involved in wholesale trade, especially with foreign countries.

From this reading _Merchant of Venice._ Judith Quixano had lived with the Leunigers ever since she was fifteen years old.

merchantsnounUS /ˈmɜːrtʃənts/

plural of “merchant” — a businessperson engaged in retail trade

From this reading Her mother, Israel Leuniger’s sister, had been thought to do very well for herself when she married Joshua Quixano, who came of a family of Portuguese merchants, the _vieille noblesse_ of the Jewish community.

moneynounUS /ˈmʌni/

the most common medium of exchange; functions as legal tender

From this reading That was before the days of Leuniger’s prosperity; now here, as elsewhere, the prestige of birth had dwindled, that of money had increased.

mothernounUS /ˈmʌðər/

a woman who has given birth to a child (also used as a term of address to your mother)

From this reading Her mother, Israel Leuniger’s sister, had been thought to do very well for herself when she married Joshua Quixano, who came of a family of Portuguese merchants, the _vieille noblesse_ of the Jewish community.

noblessenounUS /noʊˈbles/

the state of being of noble birth

From this reading Her mother, Israel Leuniger’s sister, had been thought to do very well for herself when she married Joshua Quixano, who came of a family of Portuguese merchants, the _vieille noblesse_ of the Jewish community.

nowadverbUS /naʊ/

in the historical present; at this point in the narration of a series of past events

From this reading That was before the days of Leuniger’s prosperity; now here, as elsewhere, the prestige of birth had dwindled, that of money had increased.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading The full sum of me Is an untutored girl, unschooled, unpractised.

offerverbUS /ˈɔːfər/

make available or accessible, provide or furnish

From this reading The Quixanos were a large family, and they had grown poorer with the years; very gratefully did they welcome the offer of the rich uncle to adopt their eldest daughter.

oldadjectiveUS /oʊld/

(used especially of persons) having lived for a relatively long time or attained a specific age

From this reading _Merchant of Venice._ Judith Quixano had lived with the Leunigers ever since she was fifteen years old.

pooreradjectiveUS /ˈpuːrər/

comparative of “poor” — deserving or inciting pity

From this reading The Quixanos were a large family, and they had grown poorer with the years; very gratefully did they welcome the offer of the rich uncle to adopt their eldest daughter.

PortuguesenounUS /ˈpɔːrtʃəɡiːz/

the Romance language spoken in Portugal and Brazil

From this reading Her mother, Israel Leuniger’s sister, had been thought to do very well for herself when she married Joshua Quixano, who came of a family of Portuguese merchants, the _vieille noblesse_ of the Jewish community.

prestigenounUS /preˈstiːʒ/

a high standing achieved through success or influence or wealth etc.

From this reading That was before the days of Leuniger’s prosperity; now here, as elsewhere, the prestige of birth had dwindled, that of money had increased.

prosperitynounUS /prɑːˈsperəti/

an economic state of growth with rising profits and full employment

From this reading That was before the days of Leuniger’s prosperity; now here, as elsewhere, the prestige of birth had dwindled, that of money had increased.

Quixano

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading _Merchant of Venice._ Judith Quixano had lived with the Leunigers ever since she was fifteen years old.

Quixanos

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The Quixanos were a large family, and they had grown poorer with the years; very gratefully did they welcome the offer of the rich uncle to adopt their eldest daughter.

richadjectiveUS /rɪtʃ/

possessing material wealth

From this reading The Quixanos were a large family, and they had grown poorer with the years; very gratefully did they welcome the offer of the rich uncle to adopt their eldest daughter.

shepronounUS /ʃiː/

a woman, girl, or female animal already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading _Merchant of Venice._ Judith Quixano had lived with the Leunigers ever since she was fifteen years old.

sinceprepositionUS /sɪns/

from a time in the past until now

From this reading _Merchant of Venice._ Judith Quixano had lived with the Leunigers ever since she was fifteen years old.

sisternounUS /ˈsɪstər/

a female person who has the same parents as another person

From this reading Her mother, Israel Leuniger’s sister, had been thought to do very well for herself when she married Joshua Quixano, who came of a family of Portuguese merchants, the _vieille noblesse_ of the Jewish community.

sumnounUS /sʌm/

a quantity of money

From this reading The full sum of me Is an untutored girl, unschooled, unpractised.

ThatconjunctionUS /ðæt/

used to introduce what somebody said, thought, or felt

From this reading That was before the days of Leuniger’s prosperity; now here, as elsewhere, the prestige of birth had dwindled, that of money had increased.

ThedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading The full sum of me Is an untutored girl, unschooled, unpractised.

theirdeterminerUS /ðer/

belonging to the people or things already mentioned

From this reading The Quixanos were a large family, and they had grown poorer with the years; very gratefully did they welcome the offer of the rich uncle to adopt their eldest daughter.

theypronounUS /ðeɪ/

the people, animals, or things already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading The Quixanos were a large family, and they had grown poorer with the years; very gratefully did they welcome the offer of the rich uncle to adopt their eldest daughter.

thoughtnounUS /θɔːt/

the content of cognition; the main thing you are thinking about

From this reading Her mother, Israel Leuniger’s sister, had been thought to do very well for herself when she married Joshua Quixano, who came of a family of Portuguese merchants, the _vieille noblesse_ of the Jewish community.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading Her mother, Israel Leuniger’s sister, had been thought to do very well for herself when she married Joshua Quixano, who came of a family of Portuguese merchants, the _vieille noblesse_ of the Jewish community.

unclenounUS /ˈʌŋkəl/

the brother of your father or mother; the husband of your aunt

From this reading The Quixanos were a large family, and they had grown poorer with the years; very gratefully did they welcome the offer of the rich uncle to adopt their eldest daughter.

unpractisedadjective

not having had extensive practice

From this reading The full sum of me Is an untutored girl, unschooled, unpractised.

unschooledadjective

lacking in schooling

From this reading The full sum of me Is an untutored girl, unschooled, unpractised.

untutoredadjective

lacking in schooling

From this reading The full sum of me Is an untutored girl, unschooled, unpractised.

VenicenounUS /ˈvenəs/

the provincial capital of Veneto; built on 118 islands within a lagoon in the Gulf of Venice; has canals instead of streets; one of Italy's major ports and a famous tourist attraction

From this reading _Merchant of Venice._ Judith Quixano had lived with the Leunigers ever since she was fifteen years old.

veryadjectiveUS /ˈveri/

precisely as stated

From this reading Her mother, Israel Leuniger’s sister, had been thought to do very well for herself when she married Joshua Quixano, who came of a family of Portuguese merchants, the _vieille noblesse_ of the Jewish community.

vieille

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Her mother, Israel Leuniger’s sister, had been thought to do very well for herself when she married Joshua Quixano, who came of a family of Portuguese merchants, the _vieille noblesse_ of the Jewish community.

wasauxiliary verbUS /wɑːz/

the past form of “be” used with I, he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading _Merchant of Venice._ Judith Quixano had lived with the Leunigers ever since she was fifteen years old.

welcomeverbUS /ˈwelkəm/

accept gladly

From this reading The Quixanos were a large family, and they had grown poorer with the years; very gratefully did they welcome the offer of the rich uncle to adopt their eldest daughter.

welladverbUS /wel/

(often used as a combining form) in a good or proper or satisfactory manner or to a high standard (“good” is a nonstandard dialectal variant for “well”)

From this reading Her mother, Israel Leuniger’s sister, had been thought to do very well for herself when she married Joshua Quixano, who came of a family of Portuguese merchants, the _vieille noblesse_ of the Jewish community.

wereauxiliary verbUS /wɜːr/

the past form of “be” used with you, we, they, or a plural noun

From this reading The Quixanos were a large family, and they had grown poorer with the years; very gratefully did they welcome the offer of the rich uncle to adopt their eldest daughter.

whenconjunctionUS /wen/

at the time that

From this reading Her mother, Israel Leuniger’s sister, had been thought to do very well for herself when she married Joshua Quixano, who came of a family of Portuguese merchants, the _vieille noblesse_ of the Jewish community.

whopronounUS /huː/

which person or people

From this reading Her mother, Israel Leuniger’s sister, had been thought to do very well for herself when she married Joshua Quixano, who came of a family of Portuguese merchants, the _vieille noblesse_ of the Jewish community.

withprepositionUS /wɪð/

in the company of; together with

From this reading _Merchant of Venice._ Judith Quixano had lived with the Leunigers ever since she was fifteen years old.

yearsnounUS /jɪrz/

a late time of life

From this reading _Merchant of Venice._ Judith Quixano had lived with the Leunigers ever since she was fifteen years old.

Chapter 4 of Reuben Sachs by Amy Levy holds 76 sentences, grouped into 16 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 4 of Reuben Sachs contain?

Chapter 4 holds 76 sentences of Reuben Sachs, unabridged, divided into 16 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 4 of Reuben Sachs by Amy Levy exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 76 sentences, grouped into 16 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 4 of Reuben Sachs?

Work through the 16 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 16 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 4 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 4 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

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Common questions about reading Reuben Sachs by Amy Levy on this page, its source edition and its audio.

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Which edition of Reuben Sachs is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #?, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

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About 5 minutes of reading across 0 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

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  1. Open a chapter

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Vocabulary met early in Reuben Sachs

Words and structures a reader meets early in Reuben Sachs, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Chapter 1
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Chapter 2
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Chapter 3
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