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Richard Richard
Richard Richard

Chapter VIII

Chapter 8 of Richard Richard is here in full — 456 sentences across 92 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Cover illustration for Richard Richard
Context Illustration Reading 1/91 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
“MAN OVERBOARD!”
PROFESSOR “JAWN” GALLOWAY was of a different “caste” from Richard, but they matched up equally as chums.
Galloway had been one of the West Side group; in fact, he had been a West-sider from birth, one of those clever Irish lads who can rise to distinction out of the soddenest of homes.
Dan Galloway, the father, was a hearty, noisy--and it must be admitted--dirty Tammany helper.
Dublin had brought him forth and he had seen troublous times there.
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LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

Richard Richard

Chapter VIII

Chapter 8 of Richard Richard is here in full — 456 sentences across 92 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/91 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
“MAN OVERBOARD!”
/mæn ˈoʊvərbɔːrd/
Line 2
PROFESSOR “JAWN” GALLOWAY was of a different “caste” from Richard, but they matched up equally as chums.
Line 3
Galloway had been one of the West Side group; in fact, he had been a West-sider from birth, one of those clever Irish lads who can rise to distinction out of the soddenest of homes.
Line 4
Dan Galloway, the father, was a hearty, noisy--and it must be admitted--dirty Tammany helper.
Line 5
Dublin had brought him forth and he had seen troublous times there.

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

caste noun US /kæst/

social status or position conferred by a system based on class

From this reading “PROFESSOR “JAWN” GALLOWAY was of a different “caste” from Richard, but they matched up equally as chums.”

chums noun US /tʃʌmz/

plural of “chum” — a close friend who accompanies his buddies in their activities

From this reading “PROFESSOR “JAWN” GALLOWAY was of a different “caste” from Richard, but they matched up equally as chums.”

Dublin noun US /ˈdʌblɪn/

capital and largest city and major port of the Irish Republic

From this reading “Dublin had brought him forth and he had seen troublous times there.”

galloway noun US /ˈɡæloʊweɪ/

a district in southwestern Scotland

From this reading “PROFESSOR “JAWN” GALLOWAY was of a different “caste” from Richard, but they matched up equally as chums.”

helper noun US /ˈhelpər/

a person who contributes to the fulfillment of a need or furtherance of an effort or purpose

From this reading “Dan Galloway, the father, was a hearty, noisy--and it must be admitted--dirty Tammany helper.”

matched adjective US /mætʃt/

provided with a worthy adversary or competitor

From this reading “PROFESSOR “JAWN” GALLOWAY was of a different “caste” from Richard, but they matched up equally as chums.”

overboard adverb US /ˈoʊvərbɔːrd/

to extremes

From this reading ““MAN OVERBOARD!””

Tammany noun US /ˈtæməni/

a political organization within the Democratic Party in New York City (late 1800's and early 1900's) seeking political control by corruption and bossism

From this reading “Dan Galloway, the father, was a hearty, noisy--and it must be admitted--dirty Tammany helper.”

Word partnerships in these lines

English keeps certain words together, and knowing the pair is worth more than knowing each word alone. Every partnership below was counted across our whole published library, and earns its place by appearing far more often than two unrelated words of the same frequency would.

Shown as this reading writes them, with the form the library counts, what kind of pairing it is, and how often it occurs.

West Side noun + noun

the side that is on the west

In this reading “Galloway had been one of the West Side group; in fact, he had been a West-sider from birth, one of those clever Irish lads who can rise to distinction out of the soddenest of homes.”

in fact preposition + noun

in reality or actuality

In this reading “Galloway had been one of the West Side group; in fact, he had been a West-sider from birth, one of those clever Irish lads who can rise to distinction out of the soddenest of homes.”

All words in this reading · 63

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading PROFESSOR “JAWN” GALLOWAY was of a different “caste” from Richard, but they matched up equally as chums.

admittedverbUS /ədˈmɪtɪd/

inflected form of “admit” — declare to be true or admit the existence or reality or truth of

From this reading Dan Galloway, the father, was a hearty, noisy--and it must be admitted--dirty Tammany helper.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading Dan Galloway, the father, was a hearty, noisy--and it must be admitted--dirty Tammany helper.

asconjunctionUS /æz/

at the same time that; because; in the way that

From this reading PROFESSOR “JAWN” GALLOWAY was of a different “caste” from Richard, but they matched up equally as chums.

beauxiliary verbUS /biː/

used with a past participle to form the passive, or with -ing for continuous tenses

From this reading Dan Galloway, the father, was a hearty, noisy--and it must be admitted--dirty Tammany helper.

beenauxiliary verbUS /bɪn/

the past participle of “be”

From this reading Galloway had been one of the West Side group; in fact, he had been a West-sider from birth, one of those clever Irish lads who can rise to distinction out of the soddenest of homes.

birthnounUS /bɜːrθ/

the time when something begins (especially life)

From this reading Galloway had been one of the West Side group; in fact, he had been a West-sider from birth, one of those clever Irish lads who can rise to distinction out of the soddenest of homes.

broughtverbUS /brɔːt/

inflected form of “bring” — take something or somebody with oneself somewhere

From this reading Dublin had brought him forth and he had seen troublous times there.

butconjunctionUS /bʌt/

used to introduce something that contrasts with what came before

From this reading PROFESSOR “JAWN” GALLOWAY was of a different “caste” from Richard, but they matched up equally as chums.

canmodal verbUS /kæn/

to be able to, or to be allowed to

From this reading Galloway had been one of the West Side group; in fact, he had been a West-sider from birth, one of those clever Irish lads who can rise to distinction out of the soddenest of homes.

castenounUS /kæst/

social status or position conferred by a system based on class

From this reading PROFESSOR “JAWN” GALLOWAY was of a different “caste” from Richard, but they matched up equally as chums.

chumsnounUS /tʃʌmz/

plural of “chum” — a close friend who accompanies his buddies in their activities

From this reading PROFESSOR “JAWN” GALLOWAY was of a different “caste” from Richard, but they matched up equally as chums.

cleveradjectiveUS /ˈklevər/

showing self-interest and shrewdness in dealing with others

From this reading Galloway had been one of the West Side group; in fact, he had been a West-sider from birth, one of those clever Irish lads who can rise to distinction out of the soddenest of homes.

Dan

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Dan Galloway, the father, was a hearty, noisy--and it must be admitted--dirty Tammany helper.

differentadjectiveUS /ˈdɪfərənt/

unlike in nature or quality or form or degree

From this reading PROFESSOR “JAWN” GALLOWAY was of a different “caste” from Richard, but they matched up equally as chums.

dirtyadjectiveUS /ˈdɜːrti/

soiled or likely to soil with dirt or grime

From this reading Dan Galloway, the father, was a hearty, noisy--and it must be admitted--dirty Tammany helper.

distinctionnounUS /dɪˈstɪŋkʃən/

a discrimination between things as different and distinct on the basis of their characteristics or attributes

From this reading Galloway had been one of the West Side group; in fact, he had been a West-sider from birth, one of those clever Irish lads who can rise to distinction out of the soddenest of homes.

DublinnounUS /ˈdʌblɪn/

capital and largest city and major port of the Irish Republic

From this reading Dublin had brought him forth and he had seen troublous times there.

equallyadverbUS /ˈiːkwəli/

to the same degree (often followed by “as”)

From this reading PROFESSOR “JAWN” GALLOWAY was of a different “caste” from Richard, but they matched up equally as chums.

factnounUS /fækt/

a piece of information about circumstances that exist or events that have occurred

From this reading Galloway had been one of the West Side group; in fact, he had been a West-sider from birth, one of those clever Irish lads who can rise to distinction out of the soddenest of homes.

fathernounUS /ˈfɑːðər/

a male parent (also used as a term of address to your father)

From this reading Dan Galloway, the father, was a hearty, noisy--and it must be admitted--dirty Tammany helper.

forthadverbUS /fɔːrθ/

from a particular thing or place or position (“forth” is obsolete)

From this reading Dublin had brought him forth and he had seen troublous times there.

fromprepositionUS /frʌm/

showing where something starts, or who sent it

From this reading PROFESSOR “JAWN” GALLOWAY was of a different “caste” from Richard, but they matched up equally as chums.

GALLOWAYnounUS /ˈɡæloʊweɪ/

a district in southwestern Scotland

From this reading PROFESSOR “JAWN” GALLOWAY was of a different “caste” from Richard, but they matched up equally as chums.

groupnounUS /ɡruːp/

any number of entities (members) considered as a unit

From this reading Galloway had been one of the West Side group; in fact, he had been a West-sider from birth, one of those clever Irish lads who can rise to distinction out of the soddenest of homes.

hadauxiliary verbUS /hæd/

the past form of “have”, used to form the past perfect

From this reading Galloway had been one of the West Side group; in fact, he had been a West-sider from birth, one of those clever Irish lads who can rise to distinction out of the soddenest of homes.

hepronounUS /hiː/

a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading Galloway had been one of the West Side group; in fact, he had been a West-sider from birth, one of those clever Irish lads who can rise to distinction out of the soddenest of homes.

heartyadjectiveUS /ˈhɑːrti/

showing warm and heartfelt friendliness

From this reading Dan Galloway, the father, was a hearty, noisy--and it must be admitted--dirty Tammany helper.

helpernounUS /ˈhelpər/

a person who contributes to the fulfillment of a need or furtherance of an effort or purpose

From this reading Dan Galloway, the father, was a hearty, noisy--and it must be admitted--dirty Tammany helper.

himpronounUS /hɪm/

the male already mentioned, as the object of a verb or preposition

From this reading Dublin had brought him forth and he had seen troublous times there.

homesnounUS /hoʊmz/

plural of “home” — where you live at a particular time

From this reading Galloway had been one of the West Side group; in fact, he had been a West-sider from birth, one of those clever Irish lads who can rise to distinction out of the soddenest of homes.

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading Galloway had been one of the West Side group; in fact, he had been a West-sider from birth, one of those clever Irish lads who can rise to distinction out of the soddenest of homes.

IrishnounUS /ˈaɪrɪʃ/

people of Ireland or of Irish extraction

From this reading Galloway had been one of the West Side group; in fact, he had been a West-sider from birth, one of those clever Irish lads who can rise to distinction out of the soddenest of homes.

itpronounUS /ɪt/

a thing, animal, or idea already mentioned

From this reading Dan Galloway, the father, was a hearty, noisy--and it must be admitted--dirty Tammany helper.

JAWN

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading PROFESSOR “JAWN” GALLOWAY was of a different “caste” from Richard, but they matched up equally as chums.

ladsnounUS /lædz/

plural of “lad” — a boy or man

From this reading Galloway had been one of the West Side group; in fact, he had been a West-sider from birth, one of those clever Irish lads who can rise to distinction out of the soddenest of homes.

MANnounUS /mæn/

an adult person who is male (as opposed to a woman)

From this reading “MAN OVERBOARD!”

matchedadjectiveUS /mætʃt/

provided with a worthy adversary or competitor

From this reading PROFESSOR “JAWN” GALLOWAY was of a different “caste” from Richard, but they matched up equally as chums.

mustmodal verbUS /mʌst/

used to say something is necessary, or almost certainly true

From this reading Dan Galloway, the father, was a hearty, noisy--and it must be admitted--dirty Tammany helper.

noisyadjectiveUS /ˈnɔɪzi/

full of or characterized by loud and nonmusical sounds

From this reading Dan Galloway, the father, was a hearty, noisy--and it must be admitted--dirty Tammany helper.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading PROFESSOR “JAWN” GALLOWAY was of a different “caste” from Richard, but they matched up equally as chums.

onepronounUS /wʌn/

used to mean any person in general, including the speaker

From this reading Galloway had been one of the West Side group; in fact, he had been a West-sider from birth, one of those clever Irish lads who can rise to distinction out of the soddenest of homes.

outadjectiveUS /aʊt/

not allowed to continue to bat or run

From this reading Galloway had been one of the West Side group; in fact, he had been a West-sider from birth, one of those clever Irish lads who can rise to distinction out of the soddenest of homes.

OVERBOARDadverbUS /ˈoʊvərbɔːrd/

to extremes

From this reading “MAN OVERBOARD!”

PROFESSORnounUS /prəˈfesər/

someone who is a member of the faculty at a college or university

From this reading PROFESSOR “JAWN” GALLOWAY was of a different “caste” from Richard, but they matched up equally as chums.

Richard

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading PROFESSOR “JAWN” GALLOWAY was of a different “caste” from Richard, but they matched up equally as chums.

riseverbUS /raɪz/

move upward

From this reading Galloway had been one of the West Side group; in fact, he had been a West-sider from birth, one of those clever Irish lads who can rise to distinction out of the soddenest of homes.

seenverbUS /siːn/

inflected form of “see” — perceive by sight or have the power to perceive by sight

From this reading Dublin had brought him forth and he had seen troublous times there.

SidenounUS /saɪd/

a place within a region identified relative to a center or reference location

From this reading Galloway had been one of the West Side group; in fact, he had been a West-sider from birth, one of those clever Irish lads who can rise to distinction out of the soddenest of homes.

soddenest

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Galloway had been one of the West Side group; in fact, he had been a West-sider from birth, one of those clever Irish lads who can rise to distinction out of the soddenest of homes.

TammanynounUS /ˈtæməni/

a political organization within the Democratic Party in New York City (late 1800's and early 1900's) seeking political control by corruption and bossism

From this reading Dan Galloway, the father, was a hearty, noisy--and it must be admitted--dirty Tammany helper.

thedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading Galloway had been one of the West Side group; in fact, he had been a West-sider from birth, one of those clever Irish lads who can rise to distinction out of the soddenest of homes.

thereadverbUS /ðer/

in or at that place or location

From this reading Dublin had brought him forth and he had seen troublous times there.

theypronounUS /ðeɪ/

the people, animals, or things already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading PROFESSOR “JAWN” GALLOWAY was of a different “caste” from Richard, but they matched up equally as chums.

thosedeterminerUS /ðoʊz/

the plural of “that”: the people or things further away, or already known

From this reading Galloway had been one of the West Side group; in fact, he had been a West-sider from birth, one of those clever Irish lads who can rise to distinction out of the soddenest of homes.

timesnounUS /taɪmz/

a more or less definite period of time now or previously present

From this reading Dublin had brought him forth and he had seen troublous times there.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading Galloway had been one of the West Side group; in fact, he had been a West-sider from birth, one of those clever Irish lads who can rise to distinction out of the soddenest of homes.

troublousadjective

full of trouble

From this reading Dublin had brought him forth and he had seen troublous times there.

upadjectiveUS /ʌp/

being or moving higher in position or greater in some value; being above a former position or level

From this reading PROFESSOR “JAWN” GALLOWAY was of a different “caste” from Richard, but they matched up equally as chums.

wasauxiliary verbUS /wɑːz/

the past form of “be” used with I, he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading PROFESSOR “JAWN” GALLOWAY was of a different “caste” from Richard, but they matched up equally as chums.

WestnounUS /west/

the countries of (originally) Europe and (now including) North America and South America

From this reading Galloway had been one of the West Side group; in fact, he had been a West-sider from birth, one of those clever Irish lads who can rise to distinction out of the soddenest of homes.

West-sidernoun

a resident of the west side of Manhattan in New York City

From this reading Galloway had been one of the West Side group; in fact, he had been a West-sider from birth, one of those clever Irish lads who can rise to distinction out of the soddenest of homes.

whopronounUS /huː/

which person or people

From this reading Galloway had been one of the West Side group; in fact, he had been a West-sider from birth, one of those clever Irish lads who can rise to distinction out of the soddenest of homes.

Chapter 8 of Richard Richard by Hughes Mearns holds 456 sentences, grouped into 92 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 8 of Richard Richard contain?

Chapter 8 holds 456 sentences of Richard Richard, unabridged, divided into 92 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 8 of Richard Richard by Hughes Mearns exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 456 sentences, grouped into 92 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 8 of Richard Richard?

Work through the 92 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 92 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 8 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 8 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

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Yes. All 0 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #? are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

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Project Gutenberg eBook #?, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

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  1. Open a chapter

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  3. Listen and tap

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Vocabulary met early in Richard Richard

Words and structures a reader meets early in Richard Richard, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Chapter 1
One of the 0 chapters of Richard Richard, divided into 5-sentence reading sections.
Chapter 2
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Chapter 3
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