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Rienzi, the Last of the Roman Tribunes
Rienzi, the Last of the Roman Tribunes

Chapter XXII · Chapter 22

Chapter 22 of Rienzi, the Last of the Roman Tribunes is here in full — 75 sentences across 15 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Cover illustration for Rienzi, the Last of the Roman Tribunes
Context Illustration Reading 1/15 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
Blame--the Forsaken one or the Forsakers?
Cheerfully broke the winter sun over the streets of Rome, as the army of the Barons swept along them.
The Cardinal Legate at the head; the old Colonna (no longer haughty and erect, but bowed, and broken-hearted at the loss of his sons) at his right hand;--the sleek smile of Luca Savelli--the black frown of Rinaldo Orsini, were seen close behind.
A long but barbarous array it was; made up chiefly of foreign hirelings; nor did the procession resemble the return of exiled citizens, but the march of invading foes.
My Lord Colonna,” said the Cardinal Legate, a small withered man, by birth a Frenchman, and full of the bitterest prejudices against the Romans, who had in a former mission very ill received him, as was their wont with foreign ecclesiastics; this Pepin, whom Montreal has deputed at your orders, hath done us indeed good service.”
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LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

Rienzi, the Last of the Roman Tribunes

Chapter XXII · Chapter 22

Chapter 22 of Rienzi, the Last of the Roman Tribunes is here in full — 75 sentences across 15 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/15 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
Blame--the Forsaken one or the Forsakers?
Line 2
Cheerfully broke the winter sun over the streets of Rome, as the army of the Barons swept along them.
/ˈtʃɪrfəli broʊk ðə ˈwɪntər sʌn ˈoʊvər ðə striːts ʌv roʊm æz ðə ˈɑːrmi ʌv ðə ˈbærənz swept əˈlɔːŋ ðem/
Line 3
The Cardinal Legate at the head; the old Colonna (no longer haughty and erect, but bowed, and broken-hearted at the loss of his sons) at his right hand;--the sleek smile of Luca Savelli--the black frown of Rinaldo Orsini, were seen close behind.
Line 4
A long but barbarous array it was; made up chiefly of foreign hirelings; nor did the procession resemble the return of exiled citizens, but the march of invading foes.
Line 5
My Lord Colonna,” said the Cardinal Legate, a small withered man, by birth a Frenchman, and full of the bitterest prejudices against the Romans, who had in a former mission very ill received him, as was their wont with foreign ecclesiastics; “this Pepin, whom Montreal has deputed at your orders, hath done us indeed good service.”

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

Barons noun US /ˈbærənz/

plural of “baron” — a nobleman (in various countries) of varying rank

From this reading “Cheerfully broke the winter sun over the streets of Rome, as the army of the Barons swept along them.”

bitterest adjective US /ˈbɪtərəst/

superlative of “bitter” — marked by strong resentment or cynicism

From this reading ““My Lord Colonna,” said the Cardinal Legate, a small withered man, by birth a Frenchman, and full of the bitterest prejudices against the Romans, who had in a former mission very ill received him, as was their wont with foreign ecclesiastics; “this Pepin, whom Montreal has deputed at your orders, hath done us indeed good service.””

exiled verb US /ˈeɡzaɪld/

past form of “exile” — expel from a country

From this reading “A long but barbarous array it was; made up chiefly of foreign hirelings; nor did the procession resemble the return of exiled citizens, but the march of invading foes.”

invading adjective US /ˌɪnˈveɪdɪŋ/

involving invasion or aggressive attack

From this reading “A long but barbarous array it was; made up chiefly of foreign hirelings; nor did the procession resemble the return of exiled citizens, but the march of invading foes.”

Legate noun US /ˈleɡət/

a member of a legation

From this reading “The Cardinal Legate at the head; the old Colonna (no longer haughty and erect, but bowed, and broken-hearted at the loss of his sons) at his right hand;--the sleek smile of Luca Savelli--the black frown of Rinaldo Orsini, were seen close behind.”

Montreal noun US /ˌmʌntriˈɔːl/

a city in southern Quebec province on the Saint Lawrence River; the largest city in Quebec and 2nd largest in Canada; the 2nd largest French-speaking city in the world

From this reading ““My Lord Colonna,” said the Cardinal Legate, a small withered man, by birth a Frenchman, and full of the bitterest prejudices against the Romans, who had in a former mission very ill received him, as was their wont with foreign ecclesiastics; “this Pepin, whom Montreal has deputed at your orders, hath done us indeed good service.””

Pepin noun US /ˈpepɪn/

king of the Franks and father of Charlemagne who defended papal interests and founded the Carolingian dynasty in 751 (714-768)

From this reading ““My Lord Colonna,” said the Cardinal Legate, a small withered man, by birth a Frenchman, and full of the bitterest prejudices against the Romans, who had in a former mission very ill received him, as was their wont with foreign ecclesiastics; “this Pepin, whom Montreal has deputed at your orders, hath done us indeed good service.””

sleek adjective US /sliːk/

well-groomed and neatly tailored; especially too well-groomed

From this reading “The Cardinal Legate at the head; the old Colonna (no longer haughty and erect, but bowed, and broken-hearted at the loss of his sons) at his right hand;--the sleek smile of Luca Savelli--the black frown of Rinaldo Orsini, were seen close behind.”

All words in this reading · 113

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

AdeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading A long but barbarous array it was; made up chiefly of foreign hirelings; nor did the procession resemble the return of exiled citizens, but the march of invading foes.

againstprepositionUS /əˈɡenst/

touching and pressing; in opposition to

From this reading “My Lord Colonna,” said the Cardinal Legate, a small withered man, by birth a Frenchman, and full of the bitterest prejudices against the Romans, who had in a former mission very ill received him, as was their wont with foreign ecclesiastics; “this Pepin, whom Montreal has deputed at your orders, hath done us indeed good service.”

alongprepositionUS /əˈlɔːŋ/

following the length of something from one end toward the other

From this reading Cheerfully broke the winter sun over the streets of Rome, as the army of the Barons swept along them.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading The Cardinal Legate at the head; the old Colonna (no longer haughty and erect, but bowed, and broken-hearted at the loss of his sons) at his right hand;--the sleek smile of Luca Savelli--the black frown of Rinaldo Orsini, were seen close behind.

armynounUS /ˈɑːrmi/

a permanent organization of the military land forces of a nation or state

From this reading Cheerfully broke the winter sun over the streets of Rome, as the army of the Barons swept along them.

arraynounUS /ərˈeɪ/

an orderly arrangement

From this reading A long but barbarous array it was; made up chiefly of foreign hirelings; nor did the procession resemble the return of exiled citizens, but the march of invading foes.

asconjunctionUS /æz/

at the same time that; because; in the way that

From this reading Cheerfully broke the winter sun over the streets of Rome, as the army of the Barons swept along them.

atprepositionUS /æt/

in or near a particular place or position

From this reading The Cardinal Legate at the head; the old Colonna (no longer haughty and erect, but bowed, and broken-hearted at the loss of his sons) at his right hand;--the sleek smile of Luca Savelli--the black frown of Rinaldo Orsini, were seen close behind.

barbarousadjectiveUS /ˈbɑːrbərəs/

(of persons or their actions) able or disposed to inflict pain or suffering

From this reading A long but barbarous array it was; made up chiefly of foreign hirelings; nor did the procession resemble the return of exiled citizens, but the march of invading foes.

BaronsnounUS /ˈbærənz/

plural of “baron” — a nobleman (in various countries) of varying rank

From this reading Cheerfully broke the winter sun over the streets of Rome, as the army of the Barons swept along them.

behindprepositionUS /bɪˈhaɪnd/

at or toward the back of something

From this reading The Cardinal Legate at the head; the old Colonna (no longer haughty and erect, but bowed, and broken-hearted at the loss of his sons) at his right hand;--the sleek smile of Luca Savelli--the black frown of Rinaldo Orsini, were seen close behind.

birthnounUS /bɜːrθ/

the time when something begins (especially life)

From this reading “My Lord Colonna,” said the Cardinal Legate, a small withered man, by birth a Frenchman, and full of the bitterest prejudices against the Romans, who had in a former mission very ill received him, as was their wont with foreign ecclesiastics; “this Pepin, whom Montreal has deputed at your orders, hath done us indeed good service.”

bitterestadjectiveUS /ˈbɪtərəst/

superlative of “bitter” — marked by strong resentment or cynicism

From this reading “My Lord Colonna,” said the Cardinal Legate, a small withered man, by birth a Frenchman, and full of the bitterest prejudices against the Romans, who had in a former mission very ill received him, as was their wont with foreign ecclesiastics; “this Pepin, whom Montreal has deputed at your orders, hath done us indeed good service.”

blackadjectiveUS /blæk/

being of the achromatic color of maximum darkness; having little or no hue owing to absorption of almost all incident light

From this reading The Cardinal Legate at the head; the old Colonna (no longer haughty and erect, but bowed, and broken-hearted at the loss of his sons) at his right hand;--the sleek smile of Luca Savelli--the black frown of Rinaldo Orsini, were seen close behind.

BlameverbUS /bleɪm/

put or pin the blame on

From this reading Blame--the Forsaken one or the Forsakers?

bowedadjectiveUS /baʊd/

of a stringed instrument; sounded by stroking with a bow

From this reading The Cardinal Legate at the head; the old Colonna (no longer haughty and erect, but bowed, and broken-hearted at the loss of his sons) at his right hand;--the sleek smile of Luca Savelli--the black frown of Rinaldo Orsini, were seen close behind.

brokeadjectiveUS /broʊk/

lacking funds

From this reading Cheerfully broke the winter sun over the streets of Rome, as the army of the Barons swept along them.

broken-hearted

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The Cardinal Legate at the head; the old Colonna (no longer haughty and erect, but bowed, and broken-hearted at the loss of his sons) at his right hand;--the sleek smile of Luca Savelli--the black frown of Rinaldo Orsini, were seen close behind.

butconjunctionUS /bʌt/

used to introduce something that contrasts with what came before

From this reading The Cardinal Legate at the head; the old Colonna (no longer haughty and erect, but bowed, and broken-hearted at the loss of his sons) at his right hand;--the sleek smile of Luca Savelli--the black frown of Rinaldo Orsini, were seen close behind.

byprepositionUS /baɪ/

showing who or what does the action

From this reading “My Lord Colonna,” said the Cardinal Legate, a small withered man, by birth a Frenchman, and full of the bitterest prejudices against the Romans, who had in a former mission very ill received him, as was their wont with foreign ecclesiastics; “this Pepin, whom Montreal has deputed at your orders, hath done us indeed good service.”

CardinalnounUS /ˈkɑːrdənəl/

(Roman Catholic Church) one of a group of more than 100 prominent bishops in the Sacred College who advise the Pope and elect new Popes

From this reading The Cardinal Legate at the head; the old Colonna (no longer haughty and erect, but bowed, and broken-hearted at the loss of his sons) at his right hand;--the sleek smile of Luca Savelli--the black frown of Rinaldo Orsini, were seen close behind.

CheerfullyadverbUS /ˈtʃɪrfəli/

in a cheerful manner

From this reading Cheerfully broke the winter sun over the streets of Rome, as the army of the Barons swept along them.

chieflyadverbUS /ˈtʃiːfli/

for the most part

From this reading A long but barbarous array it was; made up chiefly of foreign hirelings; nor did the procession resemble the return of exiled citizens, but the march of invading foes.

citizensnounUS /ˈsɪtəzənz/

plural of “citizen” — a native or naturalized member of a state or other political community

From this reading A long but barbarous array it was; made up chiefly of foreign hirelings; nor did the procession resemble the return of exiled citizens, but the march of invading foes.

closeadjectiveUS /kloʊs/

at or within a short distance in space or time or having elements near each other

From this reading The Cardinal Legate at the head; the old Colonna (no longer haughty and erect, but bowed, and broken-hearted at the loss of his sons) at his right hand;--the sleek smile of Luca Savelli--the black frown of Rinaldo Orsini, were seen close behind.

Colonna

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The Cardinal Legate at the head; the old Colonna (no longer haughty and erect, but bowed, and broken-hearted at the loss of his sons) at his right hand;--the sleek smile of Luca Savelli--the black frown of Rinaldo Orsini, were seen close behind.

deputed

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading “My Lord Colonna,” said the Cardinal Legate, a small withered man, by birth a Frenchman, and full of the bitterest prejudices against the Romans, who had in a former mission very ill received him, as was their wont with foreign ecclesiastics; “this Pepin, whom Montreal has deputed at your orders, hath done us indeed good service.”

didauxiliary verbUS /dɪd/

the past form of “do”, used in questions and negatives

From this reading A long but barbarous array it was; made up chiefly of foreign hirelings; nor did the procession resemble the return of exiled citizens, but the march of invading foes.

doneadjectiveUS /dʌn/

having finished or arrived at completion

From this reading “My Lord Colonna,” said the Cardinal Legate, a small withered man, by birth a Frenchman, and full of the bitterest prejudices against the Romans, who had in a former mission very ill received him, as was their wont with foreign ecclesiastics; “this Pepin, whom Montreal has deputed at your orders, hath done us indeed good service.”

ecclesiastics

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading “My Lord Colonna,” said the Cardinal Legate, a small withered man, by birth a Frenchman, and full of the bitterest prejudices against the Romans, who had in a former mission very ill received him, as was their wont with foreign ecclesiastics; “this Pepin, whom Montreal has deputed at your orders, hath done us indeed good service.”

erectverbUS /ɪˈrekt/

construct, build, or erect

From this reading The Cardinal Legate at the head; the old Colonna (no longer haughty and erect, but bowed, and broken-hearted at the loss of his sons) at his right hand;--the sleek smile of Luca Savelli--the black frown of Rinaldo Orsini, were seen close behind.

exiledverbUS /ˈeɡzaɪld/

past form of “exile” — expel from a country

From this reading A long but barbarous array it was; made up chiefly of foreign hirelings; nor did the procession resemble the return of exiled citizens, but the march of invading foes.

foesnounUS /foʊz/

plural of “foe” — an armed adversary (especially a member of an opposing military force)

From this reading A long but barbarous array it was; made up chiefly of foreign hirelings; nor did the procession resemble the return of exiled citizens, but the march of invading foes.

foreignadjectiveUS /ˈfɔːrən/

of concern to or concerning the affairs of other nations (other than your own)

From this reading A long but barbarous array it was; made up chiefly of foreign hirelings; nor did the procession resemble the return of exiled citizens, but the march of invading foes.

formeradjectiveUS /ˈfɔːrmər/

referring to the first of two things or persons mentioned (or the earlier one or ones of several)

From this reading “My Lord Colonna,” said the Cardinal Legate, a small withered man, by birth a Frenchman, and full of the bitterest prejudices against the Romans, who had in a former mission very ill received him, as was their wont with foreign ecclesiastics; “this Pepin, whom Montreal has deputed at your orders, hath done us indeed good service.”

ForsakenverbUS /fɔːrˈseɪkən/

inflected form of “forsake” — leave someone who needs or counts on you; leave in the lurch

From this reading Blame--the Forsaken one or the Forsakers?

Forsakers

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Blame--the Forsaken one or the Forsakers?

FrenchmannounUS /ˈfrentʃmæn/

a person of French nationality

From this reading “My Lord Colonna,” said the Cardinal Legate, a small withered man, by birth a Frenchman, and full of the bitterest prejudices against the Romans, who had in a former mission very ill received him, as was their wont with foreign ecclesiastics; “this Pepin, whom Montreal has deputed at your orders, hath done us indeed good service.”

frownverbUS /fraʊn/

look angry or sullen, wrinkle one's forehead, as if to signal disapproval

From this reading The Cardinal Legate at the head; the old Colonna (no longer haughty and erect, but bowed, and broken-hearted at the loss of his sons) at his right hand;--the sleek smile of Luca Savelli--the black frown of Rinaldo Orsini, were seen close behind.

fulladjectiveUS /fʊl/

containing as much or as many as is possible or normal

From this reading “My Lord Colonna,” said the Cardinal Legate, a small withered man, by birth a Frenchman, and full of the bitterest prejudices against the Romans, who had in a former mission very ill received him, as was their wont with foreign ecclesiastics; “this Pepin, whom Montreal has deputed at your orders, hath done us indeed good service.”

goodadjectiveUS /ɡʊd/

having desirable or positive qualities especially those suitable for a thing specified

From this reading “My Lord Colonna,” said the Cardinal Legate, a small withered man, by birth a Frenchman, and full of the bitterest prejudices against the Romans, who had in a former mission very ill received him, as was their wont with foreign ecclesiastics; “this Pepin, whom Montreal has deputed at your orders, hath done us indeed good service.”

hadauxiliary verbUS /hæd/

the past form of “have”, used to form the past perfect

From this reading “My Lord Colonna,” said the Cardinal Legate, a small withered man, by birth a Frenchman, and full of the bitterest prejudices against the Romans, who had in a former mission very ill received him, as was their wont with foreign ecclesiastics; “this Pepin, whom Montreal has deputed at your orders, hath done us indeed good service.”

handnounUS /hænd/

the (prehensile) extremity of the superior limb

From this reading The Cardinal Legate at the head; the old Colonna (no longer haughty and erect, but bowed, and broken-hearted at the loss of his sons) at his right hand;--the sleek smile of Luca Savelli--the black frown of Rinaldo Orsini, were seen close behind.

hasauxiliary verbUS /hæz/

the form of “have” used with he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading “My Lord Colonna,” said the Cardinal Legate, a small withered man, by birth a Frenchman, and full of the bitterest prejudices against the Romans, who had in a former mission very ill received him, as was their wont with foreign ecclesiastics; “this Pepin, whom Montreal has deputed at your orders, hath done us indeed good service.”

hathauxiliary verbUS /hæθ/

an old form of “has”

From this reading “My Lord Colonna,” said the Cardinal Legate, a small withered man, by birth a Frenchman, and full of the bitterest prejudices against the Romans, who had in a former mission very ill received him, as was their wont with foreign ecclesiastics; “this Pepin, whom Montreal has deputed at your orders, hath done us indeed good service.”

haughtyadjectiveUS /ˈhɔːti/

having or showing arrogant superiority to and disdain of those one views as unworthy

From this reading The Cardinal Legate at the head; the old Colonna (no longer haughty and erect, but bowed, and broken-hearted at the loss of his sons) at his right hand;--the sleek smile of Luca Savelli--the black frown of Rinaldo Orsini, were seen close behind.

headnounUS /hed/

the upper part of the human body or the front part of the body in animals; contains the face and brains

From this reading The Cardinal Legate at the head; the old Colonna (no longer haughty and erect, but bowed, and broken-hearted at the loss of his sons) at his right hand;--the sleek smile of Luca Savelli--the black frown of Rinaldo Orsini, were seen close behind.

himpronounUS /hɪm/

the male already mentioned, as the object of a verb or preposition

From this reading “My Lord Colonna,” said the Cardinal Legate, a small withered man, by birth a Frenchman, and full of the bitterest prejudices against the Romans, who had in a former mission very ill received him, as was their wont with foreign ecclesiastics; “this Pepin, whom Montreal has deputed at your orders, hath done us indeed good service.”

hirelings

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading A long but barbarous array it was; made up chiefly of foreign hirelings; nor did the procession resemble the return of exiled citizens, but the march of invading foes.

hisdeterminerUS /hɪz/

belonging to a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned

From this reading The Cardinal Legate at the head; the old Colonna (no longer haughty and erect, but bowed, and broken-hearted at the loss of his sons) at his right hand;--the sleek smile of Luca Savelli--the black frown of Rinaldo Orsini, were seen close behind.

illadjectiveUS /ɪl/

affected by an impairment of normal physical or mental function

From this reading “My Lord Colonna,” said the Cardinal Legate, a small withered man, by birth a Frenchman, and full of the bitterest prejudices against the Romans, who had in a former mission very ill received him, as was their wont with foreign ecclesiastics; “this Pepin, whom Montreal has deputed at your orders, hath done us indeed good service.”

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading “My Lord Colonna,” said the Cardinal Legate, a small withered man, by birth a Frenchman, and full of the bitterest prejudices against the Romans, who had in a former mission very ill received him, as was their wont with foreign ecclesiastics; “this Pepin, whom Montreal has deputed at your orders, hath done us indeed good service.”

indeedadverbUS /ˌɪnˈdiːd/

in truth (often tends to intensify)

From this reading “My Lord Colonna,” said the Cardinal Legate, a small withered man, by birth a Frenchman, and full of the bitterest prejudices against the Romans, who had in a former mission very ill received him, as was their wont with foreign ecclesiastics; “this Pepin, whom Montreal has deputed at your orders, hath done us indeed good service.”

invadingadjectiveUS /ˌɪnˈveɪdɪŋ/

involving invasion or aggressive attack

From this reading A long but barbarous array it was; made up chiefly of foreign hirelings; nor did the procession resemble the return of exiled citizens, but the march of invading foes.

itpronounUS /ɪt/

a thing, animal, or idea already mentioned

From this reading A long but barbarous array it was; made up chiefly of foreign hirelings; nor did the procession resemble the return of exiled citizens, but the march of invading foes.

LegatenounUS /ˈleɡət/

a member of a legation

From this reading The Cardinal Legate at the head; the old Colonna (no longer haughty and erect, but bowed, and broken-hearted at the loss of his sons) at his right hand;--the sleek smile of Luca Savelli--the black frown of Rinaldo Orsini, were seen close behind.

longadjectiveUS /lɔːŋ/

primarily temporal sense; being or indicating a relatively great or greater than average duration or passage of time or a duration as specified

From this reading A long but barbarous array it was; made up chiefly of foreign hirelings; nor did the procession resemble the return of exiled citizens, but the march of invading foes.

longeradverbUS /ˈlɔːŋɡər/

for more time

From this reading The Cardinal Legate at the head; the old Colonna (no longer haughty and erect, but bowed, and broken-hearted at the loss of his sons) at his right hand;--the sleek smile of Luca Savelli--the black frown of Rinaldo Orsini, were seen close behind.

LordnounUS /lɔːrd/

terms referring to the Judeo-Christian God

From this reading “My Lord Colonna,” said the Cardinal Legate, a small withered man, by birth a Frenchman, and full of the bitterest prejudices against the Romans, who had in a former mission very ill received him, as was their wont with foreign ecclesiastics; “this Pepin, whom Montreal has deputed at your orders, hath done us indeed good service.”

lossnounUS /lɔːs/

something that is lost

From this reading The Cardinal Legate at the head; the old Colonna (no longer haughty and erect, but bowed, and broken-hearted at the loss of his sons) at his right hand;--the sleek smile of Luca Savelli--the black frown of Rinaldo Orsini, were seen close behind.

Luca

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The Cardinal Legate at the head; the old Colonna (no longer haughty and erect, but bowed, and broken-hearted at the loss of his sons) at his right hand;--the sleek smile of Luca Savelli--the black frown of Rinaldo Orsini, were seen close behind.

madeadjectiveUS /meɪd/

produced by a manufacturing process

From this reading A long but barbarous array it was; made up chiefly of foreign hirelings; nor did the procession resemble the return of exiled citizens, but the march of invading foes.

mannounUS /mæn/

an adult person who is male (as opposed to a woman)

From this reading “My Lord Colonna,” said the Cardinal Legate, a small withered man, by birth a Frenchman, and full of the bitterest prejudices against the Romans, who had in a former mission very ill received him, as was their wont with foreign ecclesiastics; “this Pepin, whom Montreal has deputed at your orders, hath done us indeed good service.”

marchverbUS /mɑːrtʃ/

march in a procession

From this reading A long but barbarous array it was; made up chiefly of foreign hirelings; nor did the procession resemble the return of exiled citizens, but the march of invading foes.

missionnounUS /ˈmɪʃən/

an organization of missionaries in a foreign land sent to carry on religious work

From this reading “My Lord Colonna,” said the Cardinal Legate, a small withered man, by birth a Frenchman, and full of the bitterest prejudices against the Romans, who had in a former mission very ill received him, as was their wont with foreign ecclesiastics; “this Pepin, whom Montreal has deputed at your orders, hath done us indeed good service.”

MontrealnounUS /ˌmʌntriˈɔːl/

a city in southern Quebec province on the Saint Lawrence River; the largest city in Quebec and 2nd largest in Canada; the 2nd largest French-speaking city in the world

From this reading “My Lord Colonna,” said the Cardinal Legate, a small withered man, by birth a Frenchman, and full of the bitterest prejudices against the Romans, who had in a former mission very ill received him, as was their wont with foreign ecclesiastics; “this Pepin, whom Montreal has deputed at your orders, hath done us indeed good service.”

MydeterminerUS /maɪ/

belonging to the person speaking

From this reading “My Lord Colonna,” said the Cardinal Legate, a small withered man, by birth a Frenchman, and full of the bitterest prejudices against the Romans, who had in a former mission very ill received him, as was their wont with foreign ecclesiastics; “this Pepin, whom Montreal has deputed at your orders, hath done us indeed good service.”

nodeterminerUS /noʊ/

not any; not one

From this reading The Cardinal Legate at the head; the old Colonna (no longer haughty and erect, but bowed, and broken-hearted at the loss of his sons) at his right hand;--the sleek smile of Luca Savelli--the black frown of Rinaldo Orsini, were seen close behind.

norconjunctionUS /nɔːr/

and not; used after a negative to add a second negative

From this reading A long but barbarous array it was; made up chiefly of foreign hirelings; nor did the procession resemble the return of exiled citizens, but the march of invading foes.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading Cheerfully broke the winter sun over the streets of Rome, as the army of the Barons swept along them.

oldadjectiveUS /oʊld/

(used especially of persons) having lived for a relatively long time or attained a specific age

From this reading The Cardinal Legate at the head; the old Colonna (no longer haughty and erect, but bowed, and broken-hearted at the loss of his sons) at his right hand;--the sleek smile of Luca Savelli--the black frown of Rinaldo Orsini, were seen close behind.

onepronounUS /wʌn/

used to mean any person in general, including the speaker

From this reading Blame--the Forsaken one or the Forsakers?

orconjunctionUS /ɔːr/

used to join alternatives or possibilities

From this reading Blame--the Forsaken one or the Forsakers?

ordersnounUS /ˈɔːrdərz/

plural of “order” — (often plural) a command given by a superior (e.g., a military or law enforcement officer) that must be obeyed

From this reading “My Lord Colonna,” said the Cardinal Legate, a small withered man, by birth a Frenchman, and full of the bitterest prejudices against the Romans, who had in a former mission very ill received him, as was their wont with foreign ecclesiastics; “this Pepin, whom Montreal has deputed at your orders, hath done us indeed good service.”

Orsini

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The Cardinal Legate at the head; the old Colonna (no longer haughty and erect, but bowed, and broken-hearted at the loss of his sons) at his right hand;--the sleek smile of Luca Savelli--the black frown of Rinaldo Orsini, were seen close behind.

overprepositionUS /ˈoʊvər/

above and across; more than

From this reading Cheerfully broke the winter sun over the streets of Rome, as the army of the Barons swept along them.

PepinnounUS /ˈpepɪn/

king of the Franks and father of Charlemagne who defended papal interests and founded the Carolingian dynasty in 751 (714-768)

From this reading “My Lord Colonna,” said the Cardinal Legate, a small withered man, by birth a Frenchman, and full of the bitterest prejudices against the Romans, who had in a former mission very ill received him, as was their wont with foreign ecclesiastics; “this Pepin, whom Montreal has deputed at your orders, hath done us indeed good service.”

prejudicesnounUS /ˈpredʒədɪsɪz/

plural of “prejudice” — a partiality that prevents objective consideration of an issue or situation

From this reading “My Lord Colonna,” said the Cardinal Legate, a small withered man, by birth a Frenchman, and full of the bitterest prejudices against the Romans, who had in a former mission very ill received him, as was their wont with foreign ecclesiastics; “this Pepin, whom Montreal has deputed at your orders, hath done us indeed good service.”

processionnounUS /prəˈseʃən/

(theology) the origination of the Holy Spirit at Pentecost

From this reading A long but barbarous array it was; made up chiefly of foreign hirelings; nor did the procession resemble the return of exiled citizens, but the march of invading foes.

receivedadjectiveUS /rəˈsiːvd/

conforming to the established language usage of educated native speakers

From this reading “My Lord Colonna,” said the Cardinal Legate, a small withered man, by birth a Frenchman, and full of the bitterest prejudices against the Romans, who had in a former mission very ill received him, as was their wont with foreign ecclesiastics; “this Pepin, whom Montreal has deputed at your orders, hath done us indeed good service.”

resembleverbUS /rɪˈzembəl/

appear like; be similar or bear a likeness to

From this reading A long but barbarous array it was; made up chiefly of foreign hirelings; nor did the procession resemble the return of exiled citizens, but the march of invading foes.

returnverbUS /rɪˈtɜːrn/

go or come back to place, condition, or activity where one has been before

From this reading A long but barbarous array it was; made up chiefly of foreign hirelings; nor did the procession resemble the return of exiled citizens, but the march of invading foes.

rightadverbUS /raɪt/

precisely, exactly

From this reading The Cardinal Legate at the head; the old Colonna (no longer haughty and erect, but bowed, and broken-hearted at the loss of his sons) at his right hand;--the sleek smile of Luca Savelli--the black frown of Rinaldo Orsini, were seen close behind.

Rinaldo

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The Cardinal Legate at the head; the old Colonna (no longer haughty and erect, but bowed, and broken-hearted at the loss of his sons) at his right hand;--the sleek smile of Luca Savelli--the black frown of Rinaldo Orsini, were seen close behind.

RomansnounUS /ˈroʊmənz/

a New Testament book containing an exposition of the doctrines of Saint Paul; written in AD 58

From this reading “My Lord Colonna,” said the Cardinal Legate, a small withered man, by birth a Frenchman, and full of the bitterest prejudices against the Romans, who had in a former mission very ill received him, as was their wont with foreign ecclesiastics; “this Pepin, whom Montreal has deputed at your orders, hath done us indeed good service.”

RomenounUS /roʊm/

capital and largest city of Italy; on the Tiber; seat of the Roman Catholic Church; formerly the capital of the Roman Republic and the Roman Empire

From this reading Cheerfully broke the winter sun over the streets of Rome, as the army of the Barons swept along them.

saidadjectiveUS /sed/

being the one previously mentioned or spoken of

From this reading “My Lord Colonna,” said the Cardinal Legate, a small withered man, by birth a Frenchman, and full of the bitterest prejudices against the Romans, who had in a former mission very ill received him, as was their wont with foreign ecclesiastics; “this Pepin, whom Montreal has deputed at your orders, hath done us indeed good service.”

Savelli

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The Cardinal Legate at the head; the old Colonna (no longer haughty and erect, but bowed, and broken-hearted at the loss of his sons) at his right hand;--the sleek smile of Luca Savelli--the black frown of Rinaldo Orsini, were seen close behind.

seenverbUS /siːn/

inflected form of “see” — perceive by sight or have the power to perceive by sight

From this reading The Cardinal Legate at the head; the old Colonna (no longer haughty and erect, but bowed, and broken-hearted at the loss of his sons) at his right hand;--the sleek smile of Luca Savelli--the black frown of Rinaldo Orsini, were seen close behind.

servicenounUS /ˈsɜːrvəs/

work done by one person or group that benefits another

From this reading “My Lord Colonna,” said the Cardinal Legate, a small withered man, by birth a Frenchman, and full of the bitterest prejudices against the Romans, who had in a former mission very ill received him, as was their wont with foreign ecclesiastics; “this Pepin, whom Montreal has deputed at your orders, hath done us indeed good service.”

sleekadjectiveUS /sliːk/

well-groomed and neatly tailored; especially too well-groomed

From this reading The Cardinal Legate at the head; the old Colonna (no longer haughty and erect, but bowed, and broken-hearted at the loss of his sons) at his right hand;--the sleek smile of Luca Savelli--the black frown of Rinaldo Orsini, were seen close behind.

smalladjectiveUS /smɔːl/

limited or below average in number or quantity or magnitude or extent

From this reading “My Lord Colonna,” said the Cardinal Legate, a small withered man, by birth a Frenchman, and full of the bitterest prejudices against the Romans, who had in a former mission very ill received him, as was their wont with foreign ecclesiastics; “this Pepin, whom Montreal has deputed at your orders, hath done us indeed good service.”

smileverbUS /smaɪl/

change one's facial expression by spreading the lips, often to signal pleasure

From this reading The Cardinal Legate at the head; the old Colonna (no longer haughty and erect, but bowed, and broken-hearted at the loss of his sons) at his right hand;--the sleek smile of Luca Savelli--the black frown of Rinaldo Orsini, were seen close behind.

sonsnounUS /sʌnz/

plural of “son” — a male human offspring

From this reading The Cardinal Legate at the head; the old Colonna (no longer haughty and erect, but bowed, and broken-hearted at the loss of his sons) at his right hand;--the sleek smile of Luca Savelli--the black frown of Rinaldo Orsini, were seen close behind.

streetsnounUS /striːts/

plural of “street” — a thoroughfare (usually including sidewalks) that is lined with buildings

From this reading Cheerfully broke the winter sun over the streets of Rome, as the army of the Barons swept along them.

sunnounUS /sʌn/

the star that is the source of light and heat for the planets in the solar system

From this reading Cheerfully broke the winter sun over the streets of Rome, as the army of the Barons swept along them.

sweptadjectiveUS /swept/

possessing sweep

From this reading Cheerfully broke the winter sun over the streets of Rome, as the army of the Barons swept along them.

thedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading Blame--the Forsaken one or the Forsakers?

theirdeterminerUS /ðer/

belonging to the people or things already mentioned

From this reading “My Lord Colonna,” said the Cardinal Legate, a small withered man, by birth a Frenchman, and full of the bitterest prejudices against the Romans, who had in a former mission very ill received him, as was their wont with foreign ecclesiastics; “this Pepin, whom Montreal has deputed at your orders, hath done us indeed good service.”

thempronounUS /ðem/

the people or things already mentioned, as the object

From this reading Cheerfully broke the winter sun over the streets of Rome, as the army of the Barons swept along them.

thisdeterminerUS /ðɪs/

used for a person or thing that is near, or that has just been mentioned

From this reading “My Lord Colonna,” said the Cardinal Legate, a small withered man, by birth a Frenchman, and full of the bitterest prejudices against the Romans, who had in a former mission very ill received him, as was their wont with foreign ecclesiastics; “this Pepin, whom Montreal has deputed at your orders, hath done us indeed good service.”

upadjectiveUS /ʌp/

being or moving higher in position or greater in some value; being above a former position or level

From this reading A long but barbarous array it was; made up chiefly of foreign hirelings; nor did the procession resemble the return of exiled citizens, but the march of invading foes.

uspronounUS /ʌs/

the speaker and others, as the object of a verb or preposition

From this reading “My Lord Colonna,” said the Cardinal Legate, a small withered man, by birth a Frenchman, and full of the bitterest prejudices against the Romans, who had in a former mission very ill received him, as was their wont with foreign ecclesiastics; “this Pepin, whom Montreal has deputed at your orders, hath done us indeed good service.”

veryadjectiveUS /ˈveri/

precisely as stated

From this reading “My Lord Colonna,” said the Cardinal Legate, a small withered man, by birth a Frenchman, and full of the bitterest prejudices against the Romans, who had in a former mission very ill received him, as was their wont with foreign ecclesiastics; “this Pepin, whom Montreal has deputed at your orders, hath done us indeed good service.”

wasauxiliary verbUS /wɑːz/

the past form of “be” used with I, he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading A long but barbarous array it was; made up chiefly of foreign hirelings; nor did the procession resemble the return of exiled citizens, but the march of invading foes.

wereauxiliary verbUS /wɜːr/

the past form of “be” used with you, we, they, or a plural noun

From this reading The Cardinal Legate at the head; the old Colonna (no longer haughty and erect, but bowed, and broken-hearted at the loss of his sons) at his right hand;--the sleek smile of Luca Savelli--the black frown of Rinaldo Orsini, were seen close behind.

whopronounUS /huː/

which person or people

From this reading “My Lord Colonna,” said the Cardinal Legate, a small withered man, by birth a Frenchman, and full of the bitterest prejudices against the Romans, who had in a former mission very ill received him, as was their wont with foreign ecclesiastics; “this Pepin, whom Montreal has deputed at your orders, hath done us indeed good service.”

whompronounUS /huːm/

the form of “who” used as the object of a verb or preposition

From this reading “My Lord Colonna,” said the Cardinal Legate, a small withered man, by birth a Frenchman, and full of the bitterest prejudices against the Romans, who had in a former mission very ill received him, as was their wont with foreign ecclesiastics; “this Pepin, whom Montreal has deputed at your orders, hath done us indeed good service.”

winternounUS /ˈwɪntər/

the coldest season of the year; in the northern hemisphere it extends from the winter solstice to the vernal equinox

From this reading Cheerfully broke the winter sun over the streets of Rome, as the army of the Barons swept along them.

withprepositionUS /wɪð/

in the company of; together with

From this reading “My Lord Colonna,” said the Cardinal Legate, a small withered man, by birth a Frenchman, and full of the bitterest prejudices against the Romans, who had in a former mission very ill received him, as was their wont with foreign ecclesiastics; “this Pepin, whom Montreal has deputed at your orders, hath done us indeed good service.”

witheredadjectiveUS /ˈwɪðərd/

lean and wrinkled by shrinkage as from age or illness

From this reading “My Lord Colonna,” said the Cardinal Legate, a small withered man, by birth a Frenchman, and full of the bitterest prejudices against the Romans, who had in a former mission very ill received him, as was their wont with foreign ecclesiastics; “this Pepin, whom Montreal has deputed at your orders, hath done us indeed good service.”

wontnounUS /woʊnt/

an established custom

From this reading “My Lord Colonna,” said the Cardinal Legate, a small withered man, by birth a Frenchman, and full of the bitterest prejudices against the Romans, who had in a former mission very ill received him, as was their wont with foreign ecclesiastics; “this Pepin, whom Montreal has deputed at your orders, hath done us indeed good service.”

yourdeterminerUS /jɔːr/

belonging to the person or people being spoken to

From this reading “My Lord Colonna,” said the Cardinal Legate, a small withered man, by birth a Frenchman, and full of the bitterest prejudices against the Romans, who had in a former mission very ill received him, as was their wont with foreign ecclesiastics; “this Pepin, whom Montreal has deputed at your orders, hath done us indeed good service.”

Chapter 22 of Rienzi, the Last of the Roman Tribunes by Edward Bulwer Lytton, Baron Lytton holds 75 sentences, grouped into 15 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the public-domain source, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 22 of Rienzi, the Last of the Roman Tribunes contain?

Chapter 22 holds 75 sentences of Rienzi, the Last of the Roman Tribunes, unabridged, divided into 15 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 22 of Rienzi, the Last of the Roman Tribunes by Edward Bulwer Lytton, Baron Lytton exactly as it stands in the public-domain source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 75 sentences, grouped into 15 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 22 of Rienzi, the Last of the Roman Tribunes?

Work through the 15 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 15 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 22 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 22 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

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Vocabulary met early in Rienzi, the Last of the Roman Tribunes

Words and structures a reader meets early in Rienzi, the Last of the Roman Tribunes, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Gioventudine
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Rienzi, the Last of the Roman Tribunes; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Nutricato
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Rienzi, the Last of the Roman Tribunes; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Latte
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Rienzi, the Last of the Roman Tribunes; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Eloquenza
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Rienzi, the Last of the Roman Tribunes; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.