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Rienzi, the Last of the Roman Tribunes
Rienzi, the Last of the Roman Tribunes

Chapter XXXVI · Chapter 36

Chapter 36 of Rienzi, the Last of the Roman Tribunes is here in full — 76 sentences across 16 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

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Context Illustration Reading 1/15 · 5 lines
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While this the state of the camp of the besiegers, Luca di Savelli and Stefanello Colonna were closeted with a stranger, who had privately entered Palestrina on the night before the Romans pitched their tents beneath its walls.
This visitor, who might have somewhat passed his fortieth year, yet retained, scarcely diminished, the uncommon beauty of form and countenance for which his youth had been remarkable.
But it was no longer that character of beauty which has been described in his first introduction to the reader.
It was no longer the almost woman delicacy of feature and complexion, or the highborn polish, and graceful suavity of manner, which distinguished Walter de Montreal: a life of vicissitude and war had at length done its work.
His bearing was now abrupt and imperious, as that of one accustomed to rule wild spirits, and he had exchanged the grace of persuasion for the sternness of command.
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LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

Rienzi, the Last of the Roman Tribunes

Chapter XXXVI · Chapter 36

Chapter 36 of Rienzi, the Last of the Roman Tribunes is here in full — 76 sentences across 16 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/15 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
While this the state of the camp of the besiegers, Luca di Savelli and Stefanello Colonna were closeted with a stranger, who had privately entered Palestrina on the night before the Romans pitched their tents beneath its walls.
Line 2
This visitor, who might have somewhat passed his fortieth year, yet retained, scarcely diminished, the uncommon beauty of form and countenance for which his youth had been remarkable.
/ðɪs ˈvɪzɪtər huː maɪt hæv ˈsʌmˈwʌt pæst hɪz ˈfɔːrtiɪθ jɪr jet rɪˈteɪnd ˈskersli dɪˈmɪnɪʃt ðə ənˈkɑːmən ˈbjuːti ʌv fɔːrm ənd ˈkaʊntənəns fɔːr wɪtʃ hɪz juːθ hæd bɪn rɪˈmɑːrkəbəl/
Line 3
But it was no longer that character of beauty which has been described in his first introduction to the reader.
/bʌt ɪt wɑːz noʊ ˈlɔːŋɡər ðæt ˈkerɪktər ʌv ˈbjuːti wɪtʃ hæz bɪn dɪˈskraɪbd ɪn hɪz fɜːrst ˌɪntrəˈdʌkʃən tuː ðə ˈriːdər/
Line 4
It was no longer the almost woman delicacy of feature and complexion, or the highborn polish, and graceful suavity of manner, which distinguished Walter de Montreal: a life of vicissitude and war had at length done its work.
Line 5
His bearing was now abrupt and imperious, as that of one accustomed to rule wild spirits, and he had exchanged the grace of persuasion for the sternness of command.
/hɪz ˈberɪŋ wɑːz naʊ əˈbrʌpt ənd ɪmˈpɪr.i.əs æz ðæt ʌv wʌn əˈkʌstəmd tuː ruːl waɪld ˈspɪrɪts ənd hiː hæd ɪksˈtʃeɪndʒd ðə ɡreɪs ʌv pərˈsweɪʒən fɔːr ðə ˈstɜːrnnəs ʌv kəˈmænd/

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

closeted verb US /ˈklɑːzətɪd/

past form of “closet” — confine to a small space, as for intensive work

From this reading “While this the state of the camp of the besiegers, Luca di Savelli and Stefanello Colonna were closeted with a stranger, who had privately entered Palestrina on the night before the Romans pitched their tents beneath its walls.”

diminished adjective US /dɪˈmɪnɪʃt/

impaired by diminution

From this reading “This visitor, who might have somewhat passed his fortieth year, yet retained, scarcely diminished, the uncommon beauty of form and countenance for which his youth had been remarkable.”

fortieth noun US /ˈfɔːrtiɪθ/

position 40 in a countable series of things

From this reading “This visitor, who might have somewhat passed his fortieth year, yet retained, scarcely diminished, the uncommon beauty of form and countenance for which his youth had been remarkable.”

imperious adj US /ɪmˈpɪr.i.əs/

Assuming power or authority without justification; arrogant and domineering. (Hách dịch, độc đoán, kiêu kỳ.)

From this reading “His bearing was now abrupt and imperious, as that of one accustomed to rule wild spirits, and he had exchanged the grace of persuasion for the sternness of command.”

Montreal noun US /ˌmʌntriˈɔːl/

a city in southern Quebec province on the Saint Lawrence River; the largest city in Quebec and 2nd largest in Canada; the 2nd largest French-speaking city in the world

From this reading “It was no longer the almost woman delicacy of feature and complexion, or the highborn polish, and graceful suavity of manner, which distinguished Walter de Montreal: a life of vicissitude and war had at length done its work.”

persuasion noun US /pərˈsweɪʒən/

the act of persuading (or attempting to persuade); communication intended to induce belief or action

From this reading “His bearing was now abrupt and imperious, as that of one accustomed to rule wild spirits, and he had exchanged the grace of persuasion for the sternness of command.”

sternness noun US /ˈstɜːrnnəs/

the quality (as of scenery) being grim and gloomy and forbidding

From this reading “His bearing was now abrupt and imperious, as that of one accustomed to rule wild spirits, and he had exchanged the grace of persuasion for the sternness of command.”

vicissitude noun US /ˌvɪˈsɪsɪtuːd/

a variation in circumstances or fortune at different times in your life or in the development of something

From this reading “It was no longer the almost woman delicacy of feature and complexion, or the highborn polish, and graceful suavity of manner, which distinguished Walter de Montreal: a life of vicissitude and war had at length done its work.”

All words in this reading · 106

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading While this the state of the camp of the besiegers, Luca di Savelli and Stefanello Colonna were closeted with a stranger, who had privately entered Palestrina on the night before the Romans pitched their tents beneath its walls.

abruptadjectiveUS /əˈbrʌpt/

marked by sudden changes in subject and sharp transitions

From this reading His bearing was now abrupt and imperious, as that of one accustomed to rule wild spirits, and he had exchanged the grace of persuasion for the sternness of command.

accustomedadjectiveUS /əˈkʌstəmd/

commonly used or practiced; usual

From this reading His bearing was now abrupt and imperious, as that of one accustomed to rule wild spirits, and he had exchanged the grace of persuasion for the sternness of command.

almostadverbUS /ˈɔːlmoʊst/

(of actions or states) slightly short of or not quite accomplished; all but

From this reading It was no longer the almost woman delicacy of feature and complexion, or the highborn polish, and graceful suavity of manner, which distinguished Walter de Montreal: a life of vicissitude and war had at length done its work.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading While this the state of the camp of the besiegers, Luca di Savelli and Stefanello Colonna were closeted with a stranger, who had privately entered Palestrina on the night before the Romans pitched their tents beneath its walls.

asconjunctionUS /æz/

at the same time that; because; in the way that

From this reading His bearing was now abrupt and imperious, as that of one accustomed to rule wild spirits, and he had exchanged the grace of persuasion for the sternness of command.

atprepositionUS /æt/

in or near a particular place or position

From this reading It was no longer the almost woman delicacy of feature and complexion, or the highborn polish, and graceful suavity of manner, which distinguished Walter de Montreal: a life of vicissitude and war had at length done its work.

bearingnounUS /ˈberɪŋ/

relevant relation or interconnection

From this reading His bearing was now abrupt and imperious, as that of one accustomed to rule wild spirits, and he had exchanged the grace of persuasion for the sternness of command.

beautynounUS /ˈbjuːti/

the qualities that give pleasure to the senses

From this reading This visitor, who might have somewhat passed his fortieth year, yet retained, scarcely diminished, the uncommon beauty of form and countenance for which his youth had been remarkable.

beenauxiliary verbUS /bɪn/

the past participle of “be”

From this reading This visitor, who might have somewhat passed his fortieth year, yet retained, scarcely diminished, the uncommon beauty of form and countenance for which his youth had been remarkable.

beforeprepositionUS /bɪˈfɔːr/

earlier than; in front of

From this reading While this the state of the camp of the besiegers, Luca di Savelli and Stefanello Colonna were closeted with a stranger, who had privately entered Palestrina on the night before the Romans pitched their tents beneath its walls.

beneathprepositionUS /bɪˈniːθ/

Directly under; in or to a lower position than.

From this reading While this the state of the camp of the besiegers, Luca di Savelli and Stefanello Colonna were closeted with a stranger, who had privately entered Palestrina on the night before the Romans pitched their tents beneath its walls.

besiegers

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading While this the state of the camp of the besiegers, Luca di Savelli and Stefanello Colonna were closeted with a stranger, who had privately entered Palestrina on the night before the Romans pitched their tents beneath its walls.

ButconjunctionUS /bʌt/

used to introduce something that contrasts with what came before

From this reading But it was no longer that character of beauty which has been described in his first introduction to the reader.

campnounUS /kæmp/

temporary living quarters specially built by the army for soldiers

From this reading While this the state of the camp of the besiegers, Luca di Savelli and Stefanello Colonna were closeted with a stranger, who had privately entered Palestrina on the night before the Romans pitched their tents beneath its walls.

characternounUS /ˈkerɪktər/

an imaginary person represented in a work of fiction (play or film or story)

From this reading But it was no longer that character of beauty which has been described in his first introduction to the reader.

closetedverbUS /ˈklɑːzətɪd/

past form of “closet” — confine to a small space, as for intensive work

From this reading While this the state of the camp of the besiegers, Luca di Savelli and Stefanello Colonna were closeted with a stranger, who had privately entered Palestrina on the night before the Romans pitched their tents beneath its walls.

Colonna

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading While this the state of the camp of the besiegers, Luca di Savelli and Stefanello Colonna were closeted with a stranger, who had privately entered Palestrina on the night before the Romans pitched their tents beneath its walls.

commandnounUS /kəˈmænd/

an authoritative direction or instruction to do something

From this reading His bearing was now abrupt and imperious, as that of one accustomed to rule wild spirits, and he had exchanged the grace of persuasion for the sternness of command.

complexionnounUS /kəmˈplekʃən/

the coloring of a person's face

From this reading It was no longer the almost woman delicacy of feature and complexion, or the highborn polish, and graceful suavity of manner, which distinguished Walter de Montreal: a life of vicissitude and war had at length done its work.

countenancenounUS /ˈkaʊntənəns/

the appearance conveyed by a person's face

From this reading This visitor, who might have somewhat passed his fortieth year, yet retained, scarcely diminished, the uncommon beauty of form and countenance for which his youth had been remarkable.

denounUS /diː/

a Mid-Atlantic state; one of the original 13 colonies

From this reading It was no longer the almost woman delicacy of feature and complexion, or the highborn polish, and graceful suavity of manner, which distinguished Walter de Montreal: a life of vicissitude and war had at length done its work.

delicacynounUS /ˈdeləkəsi/

the quality of being beautiful and delicate in appearance

From this reading It was no longer the almost woman delicacy of feature and complexion, or the highborn polish, and graceful suavity of manner, which distinguished Walter de Montreal: a life of vicissitude and war had at length done its work.

describedadjectiveUS /dɪˈskraɪbd/

represented in words especially with sharpness and detail

From this reading But it was no longer that character of beauty which has been described in his first introduction to the reader.

di

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading While this the state of the camp of the besiegers, Luca di Savelli and Stefanello Colonna were closeted with a stranger, who had privately entered Palestrina on the night before the Romans pitched their tents beneath its walls.

diminishedadjectiveUS /dɪˈmɪnɪʃt/

impaired by diminution

From this reading This visitor, who might have somewhat passed his fortieth year, yet retained, scarcely diminished, the uncommon beauty of form and countenance for which his youth had been remarkable.

distinguishedadjectiveUS /dɪˈstɪŋɡwɪʃt/

(used of persons) standing above others in character or attainment or reputation

From this reading It was no longer the almost woman delicacy of feature and complexion, or the highborn polish, and graceful suavity of manner, which distinguished Walter de Montreal: a life of vicissitude and war had at length done its work.

doneadjectiveUS /dʌn/

having finished or arrived at completion

From this reading It was no longer the almost woman delicacy of feature and complexion, or the highborn polish, and graceful suavity of manner, which distinguished Walter de Montreal: a life of vicissitude and war had at length done its work.

enteredverbUS /ˈentərd/

past form of “enter” — to come or go into

From this reading While this the state of the camp of the besiegers, Luca di Savelli and Stefanello Colonna were closeted with a stranger, who had privately entered Palestrina on the night before the Romans pitched their tents beneath its walls.

exchangedadjectiveUS /ɪksˈtʃeɪndʒd/

changed for (replaced by) something different

From this reading His bearing was now abrupt and imperious, as that of one accustomed to rule wild spirits, and he had exchanged the grace of persuasion for the sternness of command.

featurenounUS /ˈfiːtʃər/

a prominent attribute or aspect of something

From this reading It was no longer the almost woman delicacy of feature and complexion, or the highborn polish, and graceful suavity of manner, which distinguished Walter de Montreal: a life of vicissitude and war had at length done its work.

firstadjectiveUS /fɜːrst/

preceding all others in time or space or degree

From this reading But it was no longer that character of beauty which has been described in his first introduction to the reader.

forprepositionUS /fɔːr/

intended to be given to, or used by, somebody

From this reading This visitor, who might have somewhat passed his fortieth year, yet retained, scarcely diminished, the uncommon beauty of form and countenance for which his youth had been remarkable.

formnounUS /fɔːrm/

the phonological or orthographic sound or appearance of a word that can be used to describe or identify something

From this reading This visitor, who might have somewhat passed his fortieth year, yet retained, scarcely diminished, the uncommon beauty of form and countenance for which his youth had been remarkable.

fortiethnounUS /ˈfɔːrtiɪθ/

position 40 in a countable series of things

From this reading This visitor, who might have somewhat passed his fortieth year, yet retained, scarcely diminished, the uncommon beauty of form and countenance for which his youth had been remarkable.

gracenounUS /ɡreɪs/

(Christian theology) a state of sanctification by God; the state of one who is under such divine influence

From this reading His bearing was now abrupt and imperious, as that of one accustomed to rule wild spirits, and he had exchanged the grace of persuasion for the sternness of command.

gracefuladjectiveUS /ˈɡreɪsfəl/

characterized by beauty of movement, style, form, or execution

From this reading It was no longer the almost woman delicacy of feature and complexion, or the highborn polish, and graceful suavity of manner, which distinguished Walter de Montreal: a life of vicissitude and war had at length done its work.

hadauxiliary verbUS /hæd/

the past form of “have”, used to form the past perfect

From this reading While this the state of the camp of the besiegers, Luca di Savelli and Stefanello Colonna were closeted with a stranger, who had privately entered Palestrina on the night before the Romans pitched their tents beneath its walls.

hasauxiliary verbUS /hæz/

the form of “have” used with he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading But it was no longer that character of beauty which has been described in his first introduction to the reader.

haveauxiliary verbUS /hæv/

used with a past participle to form the perfect tenses

From this reading This visitor, who might have somewhat passed his fortieth year, yet retained, scarcely diminished, the uncommon beauty of form and countenance for which his youth had been remarkable.

hepronounUS /hiː/

a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading His bearing was now abrupt and imperious, as that of one accustomed to rule wild spirits, and he had exchanged the grace of persuasion for the sternness of command.

highbornadjective

belonging to the peerage

From this reading It was no longer the almost woman delicacy of feature and complexion, or the highborn polish, and graceful suavity of manner, which distinguished Walter de Montreal: a life of vicissitude and war had at length done its work.

hisdeterminerUS /hɪz/

belonging to a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned

From this reading This visitor, who might have somewhat passed his fortieth year, yet retained, scarcely diminished, the uncommon beauty of form and countenance for which his youth had been remarkable.

imperiousadjUS /ɪmˈpɪr.i.əs/

Assuming power or authority without justification; arrogant and domineering. (Hách dịch, độc đoán, kiêu kỳ.)

From this reading His bearing was now abrupt and imperious, as that of one accustomed to rule wild spirits, and he had exchanged the grace of persuasion for the sternness of command.

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading But it was no longer that character of beauty which has been described in his first introduction to the reader.

introductionnounUS /ˌɪntrəˈdʌkʃən/

the act of beginning something new

From this reading But it was no longer that character of beauty which has been described in his first introduction to the reader.

itpronounUS /ɪt/

a thing, animal, or idea already mentioned

From this reading But it was no longer that character of beauty which has been described in his first introduction to the reader.

itsdeterminerUS /ɪts/

belonging to the thing or animal already mentioned

From this reading While this the state of the camp of the besiegers, Luca di Savelli and Stefanello Colonna were closeted with a stranger, who had privately entered Palestrina on the night before the Romans pitched their tents beneath its walls.

lengthnounUS /leŋkθ/

the linear extent in space from one end to the other; the longest dimension of something that is fixed in place

From this reading It was no longer the almost woman delicacy of feature and complexion, or the highborn polish, and graceful suavity of manner, which distinguished Walter de Montreal: a life of vicissitude and war had at length done its work.

lifenounUS /laɪf/

a characteristic state or mode of living

From this reading It was no longer the almost woman delicacy of feature and complexion, or the highborn polish, and graceful suavity of manner, which distinguished Walter de Montreal: a life of vicissitude and war had at length done its work.

longeradverbUS /ˈlɔːŋɡər/

for more time

From this reading But it was no longer that character of beauty which has been described in his first introduction to the reader.

Luca

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading While this the state of the camp of the besiegers, Luca di Savelli and Stefanello Colonna were closeted with a stranger, who had privately entered Palestrina on the night before the Romans pitched their tents beneath its walls.

mannernounUS /ˈmænər/

how something is done or how it happens

From this reading It was no longer the almost woman delicacy of feature and complexion, or the highborn polish, and graceful suavity of manner, which distinguished Walter de Montreal: a life of vicissitude and war had at length done its work.

mightmodal verbUS /maɪt/

used to say something is possible but not certain

From this reading This visitor, who might have somewhat passed his fortieth year, yet retained, scarcely diminished, the uncommon beauty of form and countenance for which his youth had been remarkable.

MontrealnounUS /ˌmʌntriˈɔːl/

a city in southern Quebec province on the Saint Lawrence River; the largest city in Quebec and 2nd largest in Canada; the 2nd largest French-speaking city in the world

From this reading It was no longer the almost woman delicacy of feature and complexion, or the highborn polish, and graceful suavity of manner, which distinguished Walter de Montreal: a life of vicissitude and war had at length done its work.

nightnounUS /naɪt/

the time after sunset and before sunrise while it is dark outside

From this reading While this the state of the camp of the besiegers, Luca di Savelli and Stefanello Colonna were closeted with a stranger, who had privately entered Palestrina on the night before the Romans pitched their tents beneath its walls.

nodeterminerUS /noʊ/

not any; not one

From this reading But it was no longer that character of beauty which has been described in his first introduction to the reader.

nowadverbUS /naʊ/

in the historical present; at this point in the narration of a series of past events

From this reading His bearing was now abrupt and imperious, as that of one accustomed to rule wild spirits, and he had exchanged the grace of persuasion for the sternness of command.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading While this the state of the camp of the besiegers, Luca di Savelli and Stefanello Colonna were closeted with a stranger, who had privately entered Palestrina on the night before the Romans pitched their tents beneath its walls.

onprepositionUS /ɑːn/

touching and supported by a surface

From this reading While this the state of the camp of the besiegers, Luca di Savelli and Stefanello Colonna were closeted with a stranger, who had privately entered Palestrina on the night before the Romans pitched their tents beneath its walls.

onepronounUS /wʌn/

used to mean any person in general, including the speaker

From this reading His bearing was now abrupt and imperious, as that of one accustomed to rule wild spirits, and he had exchanged the grace of persuasion for the sternness of command.

orconjunctionUS /ɔːr/

used to join alternatives or possibilities

From this reading It was no longer the almost woman delicacy of feature and complexion, or the highborn polish, and graceful suavity of manner, which distinguished Walter de Montreal: a life of vicissitude and war had at length done its work.

Palestrinanoun

Italian composer (1526-1594)

From this reading While this the state of the camp of the besiegers, Luca di Savelli and Stefanello Colonna were closeted with a stranger, who had privately entered Palestrina on the night before the Romans pitched their tents beneath its walls.

passedverbUS /pæst/

past form of “pass” — go across or through

From this reading This visitor, who might have somewhat passed his fortieth year, yet retained, scarcely diminished, the uncommon beauty of form and countenance for which his youth had been remarkable.

persuasionnounUS /pərˈsweɪʒən/

the act of persuading (or attempting to persuade); communication intended to induce belief or action

From this reading His bearing was now abrupt and imperious, as that of one accustomed to rule wild spirits, and he had exchanged the grace of persuasion for the sternness of command.

pitchedadjectiveUS /pɪtʃt/

(of sound) set to a certain pitch or key; usually used as a combining form

From this reading While this the state of the camp of the besiegers, Luca di Savelli and Stefanello Colonna were closeted with a stranger, who had privately entered Palestrina on the night before the Romans pitched their tents beneath its walls.

polishnounUS /ˈpɑːlɪʃ/

the property of being smooth and shiny

From this reading It was no longer the almost woman delicacy of feature and complexion, or the highborn polish, and graceful suavity of manner, which distinguished Walter de Montreal: a life of vicissitude and war had at length done its work.

privatelyadverbUS /ˈpraɪvətli/

kept private or confined to those intimately concerned

From this reading While this the state of the camp of the besiegers, Luca di Savelli and Stefanello Colonna were closeted with a stranger, who had privately entered Palestrina on the night before the Romans pitched their tents beneath its walls.

readernounUS /ˈriːdər/

a person who enjoys reading

From this reading But it was no longer that character of beauty which has been described in his first introduction to the reader.

remarkableadjectiveUS /rɪˈmɑːrkəbəl/

unusual or striking

From this reading This visitor, who might have somewhat passed his fortieth year, yet retained, scarcely diminished, the uncommon beauty of form and countenance for which his youth had been remarkable.

retainedadjectiveUS /rɪˈteɪnd/

continued in your keeping or use or memory

From this reading This visitor, who might have somewhat passed his fortieth year, yet retained, scarcely diminished, the uncommon beauty of form and countenance for which his youth had been remarkable.

RomansnounUS /ˈroʊmənz/

a New Testament book containing an exposition of the doctrines of Saint Paul; written in AD 58

From this reading While this the state of the camp of the besiegers, Luca di Savelli and Stefanello Colonna were closeted with a stranger, who had privately entered Palestrina on the night before the Romans pitched their tents beneath its walls.

rulenounUS /ruːl/

a principle or condition that customarily governs behavior

From this reading His bearing was now abrupt and imperious, as that of one accustomed to rule wild spirits, and he had exchanged the grace of persuasion for the sternness of command.

Savelli

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading While this the state of the camp of the besiegers, Luca di Savelli and Stefanello Colonna were closeted with a stranger, who had privately entered Palestrina on the night before the Romans pitched their tents beneath its walls.

scarcelyadverbUS /ˈskersli/

only a very short time before

From this reading This visitor, who might have somewhat passed his fortieth year, yet retained, scarcely diminished, the uncommon beauty of form and countenance for which his youth had been remarkable.

somewhatadverbUS /ˈsʌmˈwʌt/

to a small degree or extent

From this reading This visitor, who might have somewhat passed his fortieth year, yet retained, scarcely diminished, the uncommon beauty of form and countenance for which his youth had been remarkable.

spiritsnounUS /ˈspɪrɪts/

an alcoholic beverage that is distilled rather than fermented

From this reading His bearing was now abrupt and imperious, as that of one accustomed to rule wild spirits, and he had exchanged the grace of persuasion for the sternness of command.

statenounUS /steɪt/

the territory occupied by one of the constituent administrative districts of a nation

From this reading While this the state of the camp of the besiegers, Luca di Savelli and Stefanello Colonna were closeted with a stranger, who had privately entered Palestrina on the night before the Romans pitched their tents beneath its walls.

Stefanello

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading While this the state of the camp of the besiegers, Luca di Savelli and Stefanello Colonna were closeted with a stranger, who had privately entered Palestrina on the night before the Romans pitched their tents beneath its walls.

sternnessnounUS /ˈstɜːrnnəs/

the quality (as of scenery) being grim and gloomy and forbidding

From this reading His bearing was now abrupt and imperious, as that of one accustomed to rule wild spirits, and he had exchanged the grace of persuasion for the sternness of command.

strangernounUS /ˈstreɪndʒər/

anyone who does not belong in the environment in which they are found

From this reading While this the state of the camp of the besiegers, Luca di Savelli and Stefanello Colonna were closeted with a stranger, who had privately entered Palestrina on the night before the Romans pitched their tents beneath its walls.

suavitynoun

the quality of being bland and gracious or ingratiating in manner

From this reading It was no longer the almost woman delicacy of feature and complexion, or the highborn polish, and graceful suavity of manner, which distinguished Walter de Montreal: a life of vicissitude and war had at length done its work.

tentsnounUS /tents/

plural of “tent” — a portable shelter (usually of canvas stretched over supporting poles and fastened to the ground with ropes and pegs)

From this reading While this the state of the camp of the besiegers, Luca di Savelli and Stefanello Colonna were closeted with a stranger, who had privately entered Palestrina on the night before the Romans pitched their tents beneath its walls.

thatconjunctionUS /ðæt/

used to introduce what somebody said, thought, or felt

From this reading But it was no longer that character of beauty which has been described in his first introduction to the reader.

thedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading While this the state of the camp of the besiegers, Luca di Savelli and Stefanello Colonna were closeted with a stranger, who had privately entered Palestrina on the night before the Romans pitched their tents beneath its walls.

theirdeterminerUS /ðer/

belonging to the people or things already mentioned

From this reading While this the state of the camp of the besiegers, Luca di Savelli and Stefanello Colonna were closeted with a stranger, who had privately entered Palestrina on the night before the Romans pitched their tents beneath its walls.

thisdeterminerUS /ðɪs/

used for a person or thing that is near, or that has just been mentioned

From this reading While this the state of the camp of the besiegers, Luca di Savelli and Stefanello Colonna were closeted with a stranger, who had privately entered Palestrina on the night before the Romans pitched their tents beneath its walls.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading But it was no longer that character of beauty which has been described in his first introduction to the reader.

uncommonadjectiveUS /ənˈkɑːmən/

not common or ordinarily encountered; unusually great in amount or remarkable in character or kind

From this reading This visitor, who might have somewhat passed his fortieth year, yet retained, scarcely diminished, the uncommon beauty of form and countenance for which his youth had been remarkable.

vicissitudenounUS /ˌvɪˈsɪsɪtuːd/

a variation in circumstances or fortune at different times in your life or in the development of something

From this reading It was no longer the almost woman delicacy of feature and complexion, or the highborn polish, and graceful suavity of manner, which distinguished Walter de Montreal: a life of vicissitude and war had at length done its work.

visitornounUS /ˈvɪzɪtər/

someone who visits

From this reading This visitor, who might have somewhat passed his fortieth year, yet retained, scarcely diminished, the uncommon beauty of form and countenance for which his youth had been remarkable.

wallsnounUS /wɔːlz/

plural of “wall” — an architectural partition with a height and length greater than its thickness; used to divide or enclose an area or to support another structure

From this reading While this the state of the camp of the besiegers, Luca di Savelli and Stefanello Colonna were closeted with a stranger, who had privately entered Palestrina on the night before the Romans pitched their tents beneath its walls.

WalternounUS /ˈwɔːltər/

German conductor (1876-1962)

From this reading It was no longer the almost woman delicacy of feature and complexion, or the highborn polish, and graceful suavity of manner, which distinguished Walter de Montreal: a life of vicissitude and war had at length done its work.

warnounUS /wɔːr/

the waging of armed conflict against an enemy

From this reading It was no longer the almost woman delicacy of feature and complexion, or the highborn polish, and graceful suavity of manner, which distinguished Walter de Montreal: a life of vicissitude and war had at length done its work.

wasauxiliary verbUS /wɑːz/

the past form of “be” used with I, he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading But it was no longer that character of beauty which has been described in his first introduction to the reader.

wereauxiliary verbUS /wɜːr/

the past form of “be” used with you, we, they, or a plural noun

From this reading While this the state of the camp of the besiegers, Luca di Savelli and Stefanello Colonna were closeted with a stranger, who had privately entered Palestrina on the night before the Romans pitched their tents beneath its walls.

whichpronounUS /wɪtʃ/

used to introduce a clause giving more about a thing just mentioned

From this reading This visitor, who might have somewhat passed his fortieth year, yet retained, scarcely diminished, the uncommon beauty of form and countenance for which his youth had been remarkable.

WhileconjunctionUS /waɪl/

during the time that

From this reading While this the state of the camp of the besiegers, Luca di Savelli and Stefanello Colonna were closeted with a stranger, who had privately entered Palestrina on the night before the Romans pitched their tents beneath its walls.

whopronounUS /huː/

which person or people

From this reading While this the state of the camp of the besiegers, Luca di Savelli and Stefanello Colonna were closeted with a stranger, who had privately entered Palestrina on the night before the Romans pitched their tents beneath its walls.

wildadjectiveUS /waɪld/

marked by extreme lack of restraint or control

From this reading His bearing was now abrupt and imperious, as that of one accustomed to rule wild spirits, and he had exchanged the grace of persuasion for the sternness of command.

withprepositionUS /wɪð/

in the company of; together with

From this reading While this the state of the camp of the besiegers, Luca di Savelli and Stefanello Colonna were closeted with a stranger, who had privately entered Palestrina on the night before the Romans pitched their tents beneath its walls.

womannounUS /ˈwʊmən/

an adult female person (as opposed to a man)

From this reading It was no longer the almost woman delicacy of feature and complexion, or the highborn polish, and graceful suavity of manner, which distinguished Walter de Montreal: a life of vicissitude and war had at length done its work.

workverbUS /wɜːrk/

exert oneself by doing mental or physical work for a purpose or out of necessity

From this reading It was no longer the almost woman delicacy of feature and complexion, or the highborn polish, and graceful suavity of manner, which distinguished Walter de Montreal: a life of vicissitude and war had at length done its work.

yearnounUS /jɪr/

a period of time containing 365 (or 366) days

From this reading This visitor, who might have somewhat passed his fortieth year, yet retained, scarcely diminished, the uncommon beauty of form and countenance for which his youth had been remarkable.

yetconjunctionUS /jet/

but in spite of that

From this reading This visitor, who might have somewhat passed his fortieth year, yet retained, scarcely diminished, the uncommon beauty of form and countenance for which his youth had been remarkable.

youthnounUS /juːθ/

a young person (especially a young man or boy)

From this reading This visitor, who might have somewhat passed his fortieth year, yet retained, scarcely diminished, the uncommon beauty of form and countenance for which his youth had been remarkable.

Chapter 36 of Rienzi, the Last of the Roman Tribunes by Edward Bulwer Lytton, Baron Lytton holds 76 sentences, grouped into 16 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the public-domain source, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 36 of Rienzi, the Last of the Roman Tribunes contain?

Chapter 36 holds 76 sentences of Rienzi, the Last of the Roman Tribunes, unabridged, divided into 16 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 36 of Rienzi, the Last of the Roman Tribunes by Edward Bulwer Lytton, Baron Lytton exactly as it stands in the public-domain source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 76 sentences, grouped into 16 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

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Vocabulary met early in Rienzi, the Last of the Roman Tribunes

Words and structures a reader meets early in Rienzi, the Last of the Roman Tribunes, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Gioventudine
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Rienzi, the Last of the Roman Tribunes; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Nutricato
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Rienzi, the Last of the Roman Tribunes; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Latte
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Rienzi, the Last of the Roman Tribunes; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Eloquenza
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Rienzi, the Last of the Roman Tribunes; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.