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Roads from Rome
Roads from Rome

Chapter IV · Chapter 4

Chapter 4 of Roads from Rome is here in full — 491 sentences across 99 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

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Context Illustration Reading 1/98 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
The day at the villa had been the most trying one of a trying week for Pliny and Calpurnia.
A restful house-party of their dearest friends had been spoiled by the arrival of Quadratilla, heralded by one of her incredible letters dated at Baiae:
"I lost at the dice last night," she had written.
"The dancers from Cadiz had thick ankles.
The oysters were not above suspicion and the sows'-bellies were unseasoned.
0:00 / 0:00
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AI-generated narration by OpenAI · Slow US English
LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

Roads from Rome

Chapter IV · Chapter 4

Chapter 4 of Roads from Rome is here in full — 491 sentences across 99 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/98 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
The day at the villa had been the most trying one of a trying week for Pliny and Calpurnia.
Line 2
A restful house-party of their dearest friends had been spoiled by the arrival of Quadratilla, heralded by one of her incredible letters dated at Baiae:
Line 3
"I lost at the dice last night," she had written.
/aɪ lɔːst æt ðə daɪs læst naɪt ʃiː hæd ˈrɪtən/
Line 4
"The dancers from Cadiz had thick ankles.
/ðə ˈdænsərz frʌm kəˈdiːz hæd θɪk ˈæŋkəlz/
Line 5
The oysters were not above suspicion and the sows'-bellies were unseasoned.

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

bellies noun US /ˈbeliz/

plural of “belly” — the region of the body of a vertebrate between the thorax and the pelvis

From this reading “The oysters were not above suspicion and the sows'-bellies were unseasoned.”

Cadiz noun US /kəˈdiːz/

an ancient port city in southwestern Spain

From this reading “"The dancers from Cadiz had thick ankles.”

dice noun US /daɪs/

a small cube with 1 to 6 spots on the six faces; used in gambling to generate random numbers

From this reading “"I lost at the dice last night," she had written.”

heralded adjective US /ˈherəldɪd/

publicly announced

From this reading “A restful house-party of their dearest friends had been spoiled by the arrival of Quadratilla, heralded by one of her incredible letters dated at Baiae:”

oysters noun US /ˈɔɪstərz/

plural of “oyster” — marine mollusks having a rough irregular shell; found on the sea bed mostly in coastal waters

From this reading “The oysters were not above suspicion and the sows'-bellies were unseasoned.”

Pliny noun US /ˈplɪni/

Roman writer and nephew of Pliny the Elder; author of books of letters that commented on affairs of the day (62-113)

From this reading “The day at the villa had been the most trying one of a trying week for Pliny and Calpurnia.”

restful adjective US /ˈrestfəl/

affording physical or mental rest

From this reading “A restful house-party of their dearest friends had been spoiled by the arrival of Quadratilla, heralded by one of her incredible letters dated at Baiae:”

sows noun US /soʊz/

plural of “sow” — an adult female hog

From this reading “The oysters were not above suspicion and the sows'-bellies were unseasoned.”

All words in this reading · 51

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading The day at the villa had been the most trying one of a trying week for Pliny and Calpurnia.

aboveprepositionUS /əˈbʌv/

higher than, or over, something

From this reading The oysters were not above suspicion and the sows'-bellies were unseasoned.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading The day at the villa had been the most trying one of a trying week for Pliny and Calpurnia.

anklesnounUS /ˈæŋkəlz/

plural of “ankle” — a gliding joint between the distal ends of the tibia and fibula and the proximal end of the talus

From this reading "The dancers from Cadiz had thick ankles.

arrivalnounUS /ərˈaɪvəl/

accomplishment of an objective

From this reading A restful house-party of their dearest friends had been spoiled by the arrival of Quadratilla, heralded by one of her incredible letters dated at Baiae:

atprepositionUS /æt/

in or near a particular place or position

From this reading The day at the villa had been the most trying one of a trying week for Pliny and Calpurnia.

Baiae

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading A restful house-party of their dearest friends had been spoiled by the arrival of Quadratilla, heralded by one of her incredible letters dated at Baiae:

beenauxiliary verbUS /bɪn/

the past participle of “be”

From this reading The day at the villa had been the most trying one of a trying week for Pliny and Calpurnia.

belliesnounUS /ˈbeliz/

plural of “belly” — the region of the body of a vertebrate between the thorax and the pelvis

From this reading The oysters were not above suspicion and the sows'-bellies were unseasoned.

byprepositionUS /baɪ/

showing who or what does the action

From this reading A restful house-party of their dearest friends had been spoiled by the arrival of Quadratilla, heralded by one of her incredible letters dated at Baiae:

CadiznounUS /kəˈdiːz/

an ancient port city in southwestern Spain

From this reading "The dancers from Cadiz had thick ankles.

Calpurnia

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The day at the villa had been the most trying one of a trying week for Pliny and Calpurnia.

dancersnounUS /ˈdænsərz/

plural of “dancer” — a performer who dances professionally

From this reading "The dancers from Cadiz had thick ankles.

datedadjectiveUS /ˈdeɪtɪd/

marked by features of the immediate and usually discounted past

From this reading A restful house-party of their dearest friends had been spoiled by the arrival of Quadratilla, heralded by one of her incredible letters dated at Baiae:

daynounUS /deɪ/

time for Earth to make a complete rotation on its axis

From this reading The day at the villa had been the most trying one of a trying week for Pliny and Calpurnia.

dearestnounUS /ˈdɪrəst/

a beloved person; used as terms of endearment

From this reading A restful house-party of their dearest friends had been spoiled by the arrival of Quadratilla, heralded by one of her incredible letters dated at Baiae:

dicenounUS /daɪs/

a small cube with 1 to 6 spots on the six faces; used in gambling to generate random numbers

From this reading "I lost at the dice last night," she had written.

forprepositionUS /fɔːr/

intended to be given to, or used by, somebody

From this reading The day at the villa had been the most trying one of a trying week for Pliny and Calpurnia.

friendsnounUS /frendz/

plural of “friend” — a person you know well and regard with affection and trust

From this reading A restful house-party of their dearest friends had been spoiled by the arrival of Quadratilla, heralded by one of her incredible letters dated at Baiae:

fromprepositionUS /frʌm/

showing where something starts, or who sent it

From this reading "The dancers from Cadiz had thick ankles.

hadauxiliary verbUS /hæd/

the past form of “have”, used to form the past perfect

From this reading The day at the villa had been the most trying one of a trying week for Pliny and Calpurnia.

herdeterminerUS /hɜːr/

belonging to a woman, girl, or female animal already mentioned

From this reading A restful house-party of their dearest friends had been spoiled by the arrival of Quadratilla, heralded by one of her incredible letters dated at Baiae:

heraldedadjectiveUS /ˈherəldɪd/

publicly announced

From this reading A restful house-party of their dearest friends had been spoiled by the arrival of Quadratilla, heralded by one of her incredible letters dated at Baiae:

house-party

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading A restful house-party of their dearest friends had been spoiled by the arrival of Quadratilla, heralded by one of her incredible letters dated at Baiae:

IpronounUS /aɪ/

the person speaking or writing, as the subject of the verb

From this reading "I lost at the dice last night," she had written.

incredibleadjectiveUS /ˌɪnˈkredəbəl/

beyond belief or understanding

From this reading A restful house-party of their dearest friends had been spoiled by the arrival of Quadratilla, heralded by one of her incredible letters dated at Baiae:

lastadjectiveUS /læst/

immediately past

From this reading "I lost at the dice last night," she had written.

lettersnounUS /ˈletərz/

the literary culture

From this reading A restful house-party of their dearest friends had been spoiled by the arrival of Quadratilla, heralded by one of her incredible letters dated at Baiae:

lostadjectiveUS /lɔːst/

no longer in your possession or control; unable to be found or recovered

From this reading "I lost at the dice last night," she had written.

mostadverbUS /moʊst/

used to form the superlative

From this reading The day at the villa had been the most trying one of a trying week for Pliny and Calpurnia.

nightnounUS /naɪt/

the time after sunset and before sunrise while it is dark outside

From this reading "I lost at the dice last night," she had written.

notadverbUS /nɑːt/

used to make a word, phrase, or sentence negative

From this reading The oysters were not above suspicion and the sows'-bellies were unseasoned.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading The day at the villa had been the most trying one of a trying week for Pliny and Calpurnia.

onepronounUS /wʌn/

used to mean any person in general, including the speaker

From this reading The day at the villa had been the most trying one of a trying week for Pliny and Calpurnia.

oystersnounUS /ˈɔɪstərz/

plural of “oyster” — marine mollusks having a rough irregular shell; found on the sea bed mostly in coastal waters

From this reading The oysters were not above suspicion and the sows'-bellies were unseasoned.

PlinynounUS /ˈplɪni/

Roman writer and nephew of Pliny the Elder; author of books of letters that commented on affairs of the day (62-113)

From this reading The day at the villa had been the most trying one of a trying week for Pliny and Calpurnia.

Quadratilla

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading A restful house-party of their dearest friends had been spoiled by the arrival of Quadratilla, heralded by one of her incredible letters dated at Baiae:

restfuladjectiveUS /ˈrestfəl/

affording physical or mental rest

From this reading A restful house-party of their dearest friends had been spoiled by the arrival of Quadratilla, heralded by one of her incredible letters dated at Baiae:

shepronounUS /ʃiː/

a woman, girl, or female animal already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading "I lost at the dice last night," she had written.

sowsnounUS /soʊz/

plural of “sow” — an adult female hog

From this reading The oysters were not above suspicion and the sows'-bellies were unseasoned.

spoiledadjectiveUS /spɔɪld/

having the character or disposition harmed by pampering or oversolicitous attention

From this reading A restful house-party of their dearest friends had been spoiled by the arrival of Quadratilla, heralded by one of her incredible letters dated at Baiae:

suspicionnounUS /səˈspɪʃən/

an impression that something might be the case

From this reading The oysters were not above suspicion and the sows'-bellies were unseasoned.

ThedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading The day at the villa had been the most trying one of a trying week for Pliny and Calpurnia.

theirdeterminerUS /ðer/

belonging to the people or things already mentioned

From this reading A restful house-party of their dearest friends had been spoiled by the arrival of Quadratilla, heralded by one of her incredible letters dated at Baiae:

thickadjectiveUS /θɪk/

not thin; of a specific thickness or of relatively great extent from one surface to the opposite usually in the smallest of the three solid dimensions

From this reading "The dancers from Cadiz had thick ankles.

tryingadjectiveUS /ˈtraɪɪŋ/

hard to endure

From this reading The day at the villa had been the most trying one of a trying week for Pliny and Calpurnia.

unseasonedadjective

not aged or processed

From this reading The oysters were not above suspicion and the sows'-bellies were unseasoned.

villanounUS /ˈvɪlə/

Mexican revolutionary leader (1877-1923)

From this reading The day at the villa had been the most trying one of a trying week for Pliny and Calpurnia.

weeknounUS /wiːk/

any period of seven consecutive days

From this reading The day at the villa had been the most trying one of a trying week for Pliny and Calpurnia.

wereauxiliary verbUS /wɜːr/

the past form of “be” used with you, we, they, or a plural noun

From this reading The oysters were not above suspicion and the sows'-bellies were unseasoned.

writtenadjectiveUS /ˈrɪtən/

set down in writing in any of various ways

From this reading "I lost at the dice last night," she had written.

Chapter 4 of Roads from Rome by Anne C. E. (Anne Crosby Emery) Allinson holds 491 sentences, grouped into 99 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 4 of Roads from Rome contain?

Chapter 4 holds 491 sentences of Roads from Rome, unabridged, divided into 99 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 4 of Roads from Rome by Anne C. E. (Anne Crosby Emery) Allinson exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 491 sentences, grouped into 99 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 4 of Roads from Rome?

Work through the 99 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 99 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 4 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 4 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading Roads from Rome

Common questions about reading Roads from Rome by Anne C. E. (Anne Crosby Emery) Allinson on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of Roads from Rome?

Yes. All 1963 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #18100 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of Roads from Rome is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #18100, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does Roads from Rome take to read?

About 163 minutes of reading across 393 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

How to read Roads from Rome section by section

How to work through Roads from Rome section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.

  1. Open a chapter

    Choose one of the 4 chapters of Roads from Rome to begin.

  2. Read one section

    Each section holds 5 sentences; read it once through.

  3. Listen and tap

    Play the section aloud, then tap any unfamiliar word for its entry.

Vocabulary met early in Roads from Rome

Words and structures a reader meets early in Roads from Rome, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Author
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Roads from Rome; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Francis
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Roads from Rome; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Allinson
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Roads from Rome; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Greek
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Roads from Rome; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.