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Roadtown
Roadtown

Chapter IV

Chapter 4 of Roadtown is here in full — 55 sentences across 11 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Cover illustration for Roadtown
Context Illustration Reading 1/11 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
LINE DISTRIBUTION--THE LOGICAL OUTCOME Civilization growing up in a separate and disjoined fashion has resulted in a certain arrangement of the population upon the face of the earth.
At first savage men roamed the plains and forests seeking food.
The advent of civilization, industrial and social coöperation, taught men the advantage of gathering themselves into cities.
At first these cities were provisioned from the country by means of humans or animal beasts of burden, then water transportation caused the development of greater cities on rivers and harbors.
With the advent of the railroad, together with the transportation agencies already mentioned, the provisioning of cities became limited only by the ability of the country district to support its own population and that of the city.
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LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

Roadtown

Chapter IV

Chapter 4 of Roadtown is here in full — 55 sentences across 11 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/11 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
LINE DISTRIBUTION--THE LOGICAL OUTCOME Civilization growing up in a separate and disjoined fashion has resulted in a certain arrangement of the population upon the face of the earth.
Line 2
At first savage men roamed the plains and forests seeking food.
/æt fɜːrst ˈsævədʒ men roʊmd ðə pleɪnz ənd ˈfɔːrəsts ˈsiːkɪŋ fuːd/
Line 3
The advent of civilization, industrial and social coöperation, taught men the advantage of gathering themselves into cities.
Line 4
At first these cities were provisioned from the country by means of humans or animal beasts of burden, then water transportation caused the development of greater cities on rivers and harbors.
Line 5
With the advent of the railroad, together with the transportation agencies already mentioned, the provisioning of cities became limited only by the ability of the country district to support its own population and that of the city.
/wɪð ðə ˈædvent ʌv ðə ˈreɪlroʊd təˈɡeðər wɪð ðə ˌtrænspərˈteɪʃən ˈeɪdʒənsiz ɔːlˈredi ˈmenʃənd ðə prəˈvɪʒənɪŋ ʌv ˈsɪtiz bɪˈkeɪm ˈlɪmətəd ˈoʊnli baɪ ðə əˈbɪlətiː ʌv ðə ˈkʌntri ˈdɪstrɪkt tuː səˈpɔːrt ɪts oʊn ˌpɑːpjəˈleɪʃən ənd ðæt ʌv ðə ˈsɪti/

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

agencies noun US /ˈeɪdʒənsiz/

plural of “agency” — an administrative unit of government

From this reading “With the advent of the railroad, together with the transportation agencies already mentioned, the provisioning of cities became limited only by the ability of the country district to support its own population and that of the city.”

distribution noun US /ˌdɪstrəˈbjuːʃən/

(statistics) an arrangement of values of a variable showing their observed or theoretical frequency of occurrence

From this reading “LINE DISTRIBUTION--THE LOGICAL OUTCOME Civilization growing up in a separate and disjoined fashion has resulted in a certain arrangement of the population upon the face of the earth.”

harbors noun US /ˈhɑːrbərz/

plural of “harbor” — a sheltered port where ships can take on or discharge cargo

From this reading “At first these cities were provisioned from the country by means of humans or animal beasts of burden, then water transportation caused the development of greater cities on rivers and harbors.”

humans noun US /ˈhjuːmənz/

all of the living human inhabitants of the earth

From this reading “At first these cities were provisioned from the country by means of humans or animal beasts of burden, then water transportation caused the development of greater cities on rivers and harbors.”

industrial adjective US /ˌɪnˈdʌstriəl/

of or relating to or resulting from industry

From this reading “The advent of civilization, industrial and social coöperation, taught men the advantage of gathering themselves into cities.”

provisioning verb US /prəˈvɪʒənɪŋ/

-ing form of “provision” — supply with provisions

From this reading “With the advent of the railroad, together with the transportation agencies already mentioned, the provisioning of cities became limited only by the ability of the country district to support its own population and that of the city.”

roamed verb US /roʊmd/

past form of “roam” — move about aimlessly or without any destination, often in search of food or employment

From this reading “At first savage men roamed the plains and forests seeking food.”

transportation noun US /ˌtrænspərˈteɪʃən/

a facility consisting of the means and equipment necessary for the movement of passengers or goods

From this reading “At first these cities were provisioned from the country by means of humans or animal beasts of burden, then water transportation caused the development of greater cities on rivers and harbors.”

Word partnerships in these lines

English keeps certain words together, and knowing the pair is worth more than knowing each word alone. Every partnership below was counted across our whole published library, and earns its place by appearing far more often than two unrelated words of the same frequency would.

Shown as this reading writes them, with the form the library counts, what kind of pairing it is, and how often it occurs.

country district noun + noun

In this reading “With the advent of the railroad, together with the transportation agencies already mentioned, the provisioning of cities became limited only by the ability of the country district to support its own population and that of the city.”

by means preposition + noun

In this reading “At first these cities were provisioned from the country by means of humans or animal beasts of burden, then water transportation caused the development of greater cities on rivers and harbors.”

All words in this reading · 81

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading LINE DISTRIBUTION--THE LOGICAL OUTCOME Civilization growing up in a separate and disjoined fashion has resulted in a certain arrangement of the population upon the face of the earth.

abilitynounUS /əˈbɪlətiː/

the quality of being able to perform; a quality that permits or facilitates achievement or accomplishment

From this reading With the advent of the railroad, together with the transportation agencies already mentioned, the provisioning of cities became limited only by the ability of the country district to support its own population and that of the city.

advantagenounUS /ædˈvæntɪdʒ/

the quality of having a superior or more favorable position

From this reading The advent of civilization, industrial and social coöperation, taught men the advantage of gathering themselves into cities.

adventnounUS /ˈædvent/

arrival that has been awaited (especially of something momentous)

From this reading The advent of civilization, industrial and social coöperation, taught men the advantage of gathering themselves into cities.

agenciesnounUS /ˈeɪdʒənsiz/

plural of “agency” — an administrative unit of government

From this reading With the advent of the railroad, together with the transportation agencies already mentioned, the provisioning of cities became limited only by the ability of the country district to support its own population and that of the city.

alreadyadverbUS /ɔːlˈredi/

prior to a specified or implied time

From this reading With the advent of the railroad, together with the transportation agencies already mentioned, the provisioning of cities became limited only by the ability of the country district to support its own population and that of the city.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading LINE DISTRIBUTION--THE LOGICAL OUTCOME Civilization growing up in a separate and disjoined fashion has resulted in a certain arrangement of the population upon the face of the earth.

animalnounUS /ˈænəməl/

a living organism characterized by voluntary movement

From this reading At first these cities were provisioned from the country by means of humans or animal beasts of burden, then water transportation caused the development of greater cities on rivers and harbors.

arrangementnounUS /ərˈeɪndʒmənt/

the thing arranged or agreed to

From this reading LINE DISTRIBUTION--THE LOGICAL OUTCOME Civilization growing up in a separate and disjoined fashion has resulted in a certain arrangement of the population upon the face of the earth.

AtprepositionUS /æt/

in or near a particular place or position

From this reading At first savage men roamed the plains and forests seeking food.

beastsnounUS /biːsts/

plural of “beast” — a living organism characterized by voluntary movement

From this reading At first these cities were provisioned from the country by means of humans or animal beasts of burden, then water transportation caused the development of greater cities on rivers and harbors.

becameverbUS /bɪˈkeɪm/

inflected form of “become” — enter or assume a certain state or condition

From this reading With the advent of the railroad, together with the transportation agencies already mentioned, the provisioning of cities became limited only by the ability of the country district to support its own population and that of the city.

burdennounUS /ˈbɜːrdən/

an onerous or difficult concern

From this reading At first these cities were provisioned from the country by means of humans or animal beasts of burden, then water transportation caused the development of greater cities on rivers and harbors.

byprepositionUS /baɪ/

showing who or what does the action

From this reading At first these cities were provisioned from the country by means of humans or animal beasts of burden, then water transportation caused the development of greater cities on rivers and harbors.

causedverbUS /kɑːzd/

past form of “cause” — give rise to; cause to happen or occur, not always intentionally

From this reading At first these cities were provisioned from the country by means of humans or animal beasts of burden, then water transportation caused the development of greater cities on rivers and harbors.

certainadjectiveUS /ˈsɜːrtən/

definite but not specified or identified

From this reading LINE DISTRIBUTION--THE LOGICAL OUTCOME Civilization growing up in a separate and disjoined fashion has resulted in a certain arrangement of the population upon the face of the earth.

citiesnounUS /ˈsɪtiz/

plural of “city” — a large and densely populated urban area; may include several independent administrative districts

From this reading The advent of civilization, industrial and social coöperation, taught men the advantage of gathering themselves into cities.

citynounUS /ˈsɪti/

a large and densely populated urban area; may include several independent administrative districts

From this reading With the advent of the railroad, together with the transportation agencies already mentioned, the provisioning of cities became limited only by the ability of the country district to support its own population and that of the city.

CivilizationnounUS /ˌsɪvəlɪˈzeɪʃən/

a society in an advanced state of social development (e.g., with complex legal and political and religious organizations)

From this reading LINE DISTRIBUTION--THE LOGICAL OUTCOME Civilization growing up in a separate and disjoined fashion has resulted in a certain arrangement of the population upon the face of the earth.

countrynounUS /ˈkʌntri/

a politically organized body of people under a single government

From this reading At first these cities were provisioned from the country by means of humans or animal beasts of burden, then water transportation caused the development of greater cities on rivers and harbors.

coöperation

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The advent of civilization, industrial and social coöperation, taught men the advantage of gathering themselves into cities.

developmentnounUS /dɪˈveləpmənt/

act of improving by expanding or enlarging or refining

From this reading At first these cities were provisioned from the country by means of humans or animal beasts of burden, then water transportation caused the development of greater cities on rivers and harbors.

disjoinedadjective

have the connection undone; having become separate

From this reading LINE DISTRIBUTION--THE LOGICAL OUTCOME Civilization growing up in a separate and disjoined fashion has resulted in a certain arrangement of the population upon the face of the earth.

DISTRIBUTIONnounUS /ˌdɪstrəˈbjuːʃən/

(statistics) an arrangement of values of a variable showing their observed or theoretical frequency of occurrence

From this reading LINE DISTRIBUTION--THE LOGICAL OUTCOME Civilization growing up in a separate and disjoined fashion has resulted in a certain arrangement of the population upon the face of the earth.

districtnounUS /ˈdɪstrɪkt/

a region marked off for administrative or other purposes

From this reading With the advent of the railroad, together with the transportation agencies already mentioned, the provisioning of cities became limited only by the ability of the country district to support its own population and that of the city.

earthnounUS /ɜːrθ/

the 3rd planet from the sun; the planet we live on

From this reading LINE DISTRIBUTION--THE LOGICAL OUTCOME Civilization growing up in a separate and disjoined fashion has resulted in a certain arrangement of the population upon the face of the earth.

facenounUS /feɪs/

the front of the human head from the forehead to the chin and ear to ear

From this reading LINE DISTRIBUTION--THE LOGICAL OUTCOME Civilization growing up in a separate and disjoined fashion has resulted in a certain arrangement of the population upon the face of the earth.

fashionnounUS /ˈfæʃən/

how something is done or how it happens

From this reading LINE DISTRIBUTION--THE LOGICAL OUTCOME Civilization growing up in a separate and disjoined fashion has resulted in a certain arrangement of the population upon the face of the earth.

firstadjectiveUS /fɜːrst/

preceding all others in time or space or degree

From this reading At first savage men roamed the plains and forests seeking food.

foodnounUS /fuːd/

any substance that can be metabolized by an animal to give energy and build tissue

From this reading At first savage men roamed the plains and forests seeking food.

forestsnounUS /ˈfɔːrəsts/

plural of “forest” — the trees and other plants in a large densely wooded area

From this reading At first savage men roamed the plains and forests seeking food.

fromprepositionUS /frʌm/

showing where something starts, or who sent it

From this reading At first these cities were provisioned from the country by means of humans or animal beasts of burden, then water transportation caused the development of greater cities on rivers and harbors.

gatheringnounUS /ˈɡæðərɪŋ/

a group of persons together in one place

From this reading The advent of civilization, industrial and social coöperation, taught men the advantage of gathering themselves into cities.

greateradjectiveUS /ˈɡreɪtər/

greater in size or importance or degree

From this reading At first these cities were provisioned from the country by means of humans or animal beasts of burden, then water transportation caused the development of greater cities on rivers and harbors.

growingnounUS /ˈɡroʊɪŋ/

(biology) the process of an individual organism growing organically; a purely biological unfolding of events involved in an organism changing gradually from a simple to a more complex level

From this reading LINE DISTRIBUTION--THE LOGICAL OUTCOME Civilization growing up in a separate and disjoined fashion has resulted in a certain arrangement of the population upon the face of the earth.

harborsnounUS /ˈhɑːrbərz/

plural of “harbor” — a sheltered port where ships can take on or discharge cargo

From this reading At first these cities were provisioned from the country by means of humans or animal beasts of burden, then water transportation caused the development of greater cities on rivers and harbors.

hasauxiliary verbUS /hæz/

the form of “have” used with he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading LINE DISTRIBUTION--THE LOGICAL OUTCOME Civilization growing up in a separate and disjoined fashion has resulted in a certain arrangement of the population upon the face of the earth.

humansnounUS /ˈhjuːmənz/

all of the living human inhabitants of the earth

From this reading At first these cities were provisioned from the country by means of humans or animal beasts of burden, then water transportation caused the development of greater cities on rivers and harbors.

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading LINE DISTRIBUTION--THE LOGICAL OUTCOME Civilization growing up in a separate and disjoined fashion has resulted in a certain arrangement of the population upon the face of the earth.

industrialadjectiveUS /ˌɪnˈdʌstriəl/

of or relating to or resulting from industry

From this reading The advent of civilization, industrial and social coöperation, taught men the advantage of gathering themselves into cities.

intoprepositionUS /ˈɪntuː/

moving to the inside of something

From this reading The advent of civilization, industrial and social coöperation, taught men the advantage of gathering themselves into cities.

itsdeterminerUS /ɪts/

belonging to the thing or animal already mentioned

From this reading With the advent of the railroad, together with the transportation agencies already mentioned, the provisioning of cities became limited only by the ability of the country district to support its own population and that of the city.

limitedadjectiveUS /ˈlɪmətəd/

small in range or scope

From this reading With the advent of the railroad, together with the transportation agencies already mentioned, the provisioning of cities became limited only by the ability of the country district to support its own population and that of the city.

LINEnounUS /laɪn/

a formation of people or things one beside another

From this reading LINE DISTRIBUTION--THE LOGICAL OUTCOME Civilization growing up in a separate and disjoined fashion has resulted in a certain arrangement of the population upon the face of the earth.

LOGICALadjectiveUS /ˈlɑːdʒɪkəl/

capable of or reflecting the capability for correct and valid reasoning

From this reading LINE DISTRIBUTION--THE LOGICAL OUTCOME Civilization growing up in a separate and disjoined fashion has resulted in a certain arrangement of the population upon the face of the earth.

meansnounUS /miːnz/

thing or person that acts to produce a particular effect or achieve an end

From this reading At first these cities were provisioned from the country by means of humans or animal beasts of burden, then water transportation caused the development of greater cities on rivers and harbors.

mennounUS /men/

the force of workers available

From this reading At first savage men roamed the plains and forests seeking food.

mentionedverbUS /ˈmenʃənd/

past form of “mention” — make reference to

From this reading With the advent of the railroad, together with the transportation agencies already mentioned, the provisioning of cities became limited only by the ability of the country district to support its own population and that of the city.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading LINE DISTRIBUTION--THE LOGICAL OUTCOME Civilization growing up in a separate and disjoined fashion has resulted in a certain arrangement of the population upon the face of the earth.

onprepositionUS /ɑːn/

touching and supported by a surface

From this reading At first these cities were provisioned from the country by means of humans or animal beasts of burden, then water transportation caused the development of greater cities on rivers and harbors.

onlyadverbUS /ˈoʊnli/

and nothing more

From this reading With the advent of the railroad, together with the transportation agencies already mentioned, the provisioning of cities became limited only by the ability of the country district to support its own population and that of the city.

orconjunctionUS /ɔːr/

used to join alternatives or possibilities

From this reading At first these cities were provisioned from the country by means of humans or animal beasts of burden, then water transportation caused the development of greater cities on rivers and harbors.

OUTCOMEnounUS /ˈaʊtkʌm/

something that results

From this reading LINE DISTRIBUTION--THE LOGICAL OUTCOME Civilization growing up in a separate and disjoined fashion has resulted in a certain arrangement of the population upon the face of the earth.

ownverbUS /oʊn/

have ownership or possession of

From this reading With the advent of the railroad, together with the transportation agencies already mentioned, the provisioning of cities became limited only by the ability of the country district to support its own population and that of the city.

plainsnounUS /pleɪnz/

plural of “plain” — extensive tract of level open land

From this reading At first savage men roamed the plains and forests seeking food.

populationnounUS /ˌpɑːpjəˈleɪʃən/

the people who inhabit a territory or state

From this reading LINE DISTRIBUTION--THE LOGICAL OUTCOME Civilization growing up in a separate and disjoined fashion has resulted in a certain arrangement of the population upon the face of the earth.

provisioned

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading At first these cities were provisioned from the country by means of humans or animal beasts of burden, then water transportation caused the development of greater cities on rivers and harbors.

provisioningverbUS /prəˈvɪʒənɪŋ/

-ing form of “provision” — supply with provisions

From this reading With the advent of the railroad, together with the transportation agencies already mentioned, the provisioning of cities became limited only by the ability of the country district to support its own population and that of the city.

railroadnounUS /ˈreɪlroʊd/

line that is the commercial organization responsible for operating a system of transportation for trains that pull passengers or freight

From this reading With the advent of the railroad, together with the transportation agencies already mentioned, the provisioning of cities became limited only by the ability of the country district to support its own population and that of the city.

resultedverbUS /rɪˈzʌltɪd/

past form of “result” — issue or terminate (in a specified way, state, etc.); end

From this reading LINE DISTRIBUTION--THE LOGICAL OUTCOME Civilization growing up in a separate and disjoined fashion has resulted in a certain arrangement of the population upon the face of the earth.

riversnounUS /ˈrɪvərz/

plural of “river” — a large natural stream of water (larger than a creek)

From this reading At first these cities were provisioned from the country by means of humans or animal beasts of burden, then water transportation caused the development of greater cities on rivers and harbors.

roamedverbUS /roʊmd/

past form of “roam” — move about aimlessly or without any destination, often in search of food or employment

From this reading At first savage men roamed the plains and forests seeking food.

savageadjectiveUS /ˈsævədʒ/

(of persons or their actions) able or disposed to inflict pain or suffering

From this reading At first savage men roamed the plains and forests seeking food.

seekingnounUS /ˈsiːkɪŋ/

the act of searching for something

From this reading At first savage men roamed the plains and forests seeking food.

separateverbUS /ˈsepəreɪt/

act as a barrier between; stand between

From this reading LINE DISTRIBUTION--THE LOGICAL OUTCOME Civilization growing up in a separate and disjoined fashion has resulted in a certain arrangement of the population upon the face of the earth.

socialadjectiveUS /ˈsoʊʃəl/

relating to human society and its members

From this reading The advent of civilization, industrial and social coöperation, taught men the advantage of gathering themselves into cities.

supportnounUS /səˈpɔːrt/

the activity of providing for or maintaining by supplying with money or necessities

From this reading With the advent of the railroad, together with the transportation agencies already mentioned, the provisioning of cities became limited only by the ability of the country district to support its own population and that of the city.

taughtverbUS /tɔːt/

inflected form of “teach” — impart skills or knowledge to

From this reading The advent of civilization, industrial and social coöperation, taught men the advantage of gathering themselves into cities.

thatconjunctionUS /ðæt/

used to introduce what somebody said, thought, or felt

From this reading With the advent of the railroad, together with the transportation agencies already mentioned, the provisioning of cities became limited only by the ability of the country district to support its own population and that of the city.

THEdeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading LINE DISTRIBUTION--THE LOGICAL OUTCOME Civilization growing up in a separate and disjoined fashion has resulted in a certain arrangement of the population upon the face of the earth.

themselvespronounUS /ðemˈselvz/

used when the people doing the action are also its object

From this reading The advent of civilization, industrial and social coöperation, taught men the advantage of gathering themselves into cities.

thenadverbUS /ðen/

subsequently or soon afterward (often used as sentence connectors)

From this reading At first these cities were provisioned from the country by means of humans or animal beasts of burden, then water transportation caused the development of greater cities on rivers and harbors.

thesedeterminerUS /ðiːz/

the plural of “this”: the people or things near, or just mentioned

From this reading At first these cities were provisioned from the country by means of humans or animal beasts of burden, then water transportation caused the development of greater cities on rivers and harbors.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading With the advent of the railroad, together with the transportation agencies already mentioned, the provisioning of cities became limited only by the ability of the country district to support its own population and that of the city.

togetheradverbUS /təˈɡeðər/

in contact with each other or in proximity

From this reading With the advent of the railroad, together with the transportation agencies already mentioned, the provisioning of cities became limited only by the ability of the country district to support its own population and that of the city.

transportationnounUS /ˌtrænspərˈteɪʃən/

a facility consisting of the means and equipment necessary for the movement of passengers or goods

From this reading At first these cities were provisioned from the country by means of humans or animal beasts of burden, then water transportation caused the development of greater cities on rivers and harbors.

upadjectiveUS /ʌp/

being or moving higher in position or greater in some value; being above a former position or level

From this reading LINE DISTRIBUTION--THE LOGICAL OUTCOME Civilization growing up in a separate and disjoined fashion has resulted in a certain arrangement of the population upon the face of the earth.

uponprepositionUS /əˈpɑːn/

a formal word for “on”

From this reading LINE DISTRIBUTION--THE LOGICAL OUTCOME Civilization growing up in a separate and disjoined fashion has resulted in a certain arrangement of the population upon the face of the earth.

waternounUS /ˈwɔːtər/

binary compound that occurs at room temperature as a clear colorless odorless tasteless liquid; freezes into ice below 0 degrees centigrade and boils above 100 degrees centigrade; widely used as a solvent

From this reading At first these cities were provisioned from the country by means of humans or animal beasts of burden, then water transportation caused the development of greater cities on rivers and harbors.

wereauxiliary verbUS /wɜːr/

the past form of “be” used with you, we, they, or a plural noun

From this reading At first these cities were provisioned from the country by means of humans or animal beasts of burden, then water transportation caused the development of greater cities on rivers and harbors.

WithprepositionUS /wɪð/

in the company of; together with

From this reading With the advent of the railroad, together with the transportation agencies already mentioned, the provisioning of cities became limited only by the ability of the country district to support its own population and that of the city.

Chapter 4 of Roadtown by Edgar Chambless holds 55 sentences, grouped into 11 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 4 of Roadtown contain?

Chapter 4 holds 55 sentences of Roadtown, unabridged, divided into 11 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 4 of Roadtown by Edgar Chambless exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 55 sentences, grouped into 11 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 4 of Roadtown?

Work through the 11 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 11 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 4 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 4 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading Roadtown

Common questions about reading Roadtown by Edgar Chambless on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of Roadtown?

Yes. All 994 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #58964 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of Roadtown is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #58964, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does Roadtown take to read?

About 82 minutes of reading across 199 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

How to read Roadtown section by section

How to work through Roadtown section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.

  1. Open a chapter

    Choose one of the 13 chapters of Roadtown to begin.

  2. Read one section

    Each section holds 5 sentences; read it once through.

  3. Listen and tap

    Play the section aloud, then tap any unfamiliar word for its entry.

Vocabulary met early in Roadtown

Words and structures a reader meets early in Roadtown, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Dedicated
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Roadtown; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Pierpont
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Roadtown; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Morgan
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Roadtown; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Straight
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Roadtown; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.