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Robert Elsmere
Robert Elsmere

Chapter XVIII · Chapter 18

Chapter 18 of Robert Elsmere is here in full — 180 sentences across 36 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Cover illustration for Robert Elsmere
Context Illustration Reading 1/36 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
It, was the beginning of April.
The gorse was fast extending its golden empire over the commons.
On the sunny slopes of the copses primroses were breaking through the hazel roots and beginning to gleam along the edges of the river.
On the grass commons between Murewell and Mile End the birches rose like green clouds against the browns and purples of the still leafless oaks and beeches.
The birds were twittering and building.
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AI-generated narration by OpenAI · Slow US English
LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

Robert Elsmere

Chapter XVIII · Chapter 18

Chapter 18 of Robert Elsmere is here in full — 180 sentences across 36 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/36 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
It, was the beginning of April.
/ɪt wɑːz ðə bɪˈɡɪnɪŋ ʌv ˈeɪprəl/
Line 2
The gorse was fast extending its golden empire over the commons.
Line 3
On the sunny slopes of the copses primroses were breaking through the hazel roots and beginning to gleam along the edges of the river.
Line 4
On the grass commons between Murewell and Mile End the birches rose like green clouds against the browns and purples of the still leafless oaks and beeches.
Line 5
The birds were twittering and building.

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

browns noun US /braʊnz/

plural of “brown” — an orange of low brightness and saturation

From this reading “On the grass commons between Murewell and Mile End the birches rose like green clouds against the browns and purples of the still leafless oaks and beeches.”

commons noun US /ˈkɑːmənz/

a piece of open land for recreational use in an urban area

From this reading “The gorse was fast extending its golden empire over the commons.”

edges noun US /ˈedʒəz/

plural of “edge” — the boundary of a surface

From this reading “On the sunny slopes of the copses primroses were breaking through the hazel roots and beginning to gleam along the edges of the river.”

hazel adjective US /ˈheɪzəl/

of a light brown or yellowish brown color

From this reading “On the sunny slopes of the copses primroses were breaking through the hazel roots and beginning to gleam along the edges of the river.”

leafless adjective US /ˈliːfləs/

having no leaves

From this reading “On the grass commons between Murewell and Mile End the birches rose like green clouds against the browns and purples of the still leafless oaks and beeches.”

oaks noun US /oʊks/

plural of “oak” — the hard durable wood of any oak; used especially for furniture and flooring

From this reading “On the grass commons between Murewell and Mile End the birches rose like green clouds against the browns and purples of the still leafless oaks and beeches.”

primroses noun US /ˈprɪmroʊzəz/

plural of “primrose” — any of numerous short-stemmed plants of the genus Primula having tufted basal leaves and showy flowers clustered in umbels or heads

From this reading “On the sunny slopes of the copses primroses were breaking through the hazel roots and beginning to gleam along the edges of the river.”

purples noun US /ˈpɜːrpəlz/

plural of “purple” — a purple color or pigment

From this reading “On the grass commons between Murewell and Mile End the birches rose like green clouds against the browns and purples of the still leafless oaks and beeches.”

All words in this reading · 50

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

againstprepositionUS /əˈɡenst/

touching and pressing; in opposition to

From this reading On the grass commons between Murewell and Mile End the birches rose like green clouds against the browns and purples of the still leafless oaks and beeches.

alongprepositionUS /əˈlɔːŋ/

following the length of something from one end toward the other

From this reading On the sunny slopes of the copses primroses were breaking through the hazel roots and beginning to gleam along the edges of the river.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading On the sunny slopes of the copses primroses were breaking through the hazel roots and beginning to gleam along the edges of the river.

AprilnounUS /ˈeɪprəl/

the month following March and preceding May

From this reading It, was the beginning of April.

beeches

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading On the grass commons between Murewell and Mile End the birches rose like green clouds against the browns and purples of the still leafless oaks and beeches.

beginningnounUS /bɪˈɡɪnɪŋ/

the event consisting of the start of something

From this reading It, was the beginning of April.

betweenprepositionUS /bɪˈtwiːn/

in the space, time, or range separating two things

From this reading On the grass commons between Murewell and Mile End the birches rose like green clouds against the browns and purples of the still leafless oaks and beeches.

birches

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading On the grass commons between Murewell and Mile End the birches rose like green clouds against the browns and purples of the still leafless oaks and beeches.

birdsnounUS /bɜːrdz/

plural of “bird” — warm-blooded egg-laying vertebrates characterized by feathers and forelimbs modified as wings

From this reading The birds were twittering and building.

breakingnounUS /ˈbreɪkɪŋ/

the act of breaking something

From this reading On the sunny slopes of the copses primroses were breaking through the hazel roots and beginning to gleam along the edges of the river.

brownsnounUS /braʊnz/

plural of “brown” — an orange of low brightness and saturation

From this reading On the grass commons between Murewell and Mile End the birches rose like green clouds against the browns and purples of the still leafless oaks and beeches.

buildingnounUS /ˈbɪldɪŋ/

a structure that has a roof and walls and stands more or less permanently in one place

From this reading The birds were twittering and building.

cloudsnounUS /klaʊdz/

plural of “cloud” — any collection of particles (e.g., smoke or dust) or gases that is visible

From this reading On the grass commons between Murewell and Mile End the birches rose like green clouds against the browns and purples of the still leafless oaks and beeches.

commonsnounUS /ˈkɑːmənz/

a piece of open land for recreational use in an urban area

From this reading The gorse was fast extending its golden empire over the commons.

copses

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading On the sunny slopes of the copses primroses were breaking through the hazel roots and beginning to gleam along the edges of the river.

edgesnounUS /ˈedʒəz/

plural of “edge” — the boundary of a surface

From this reading On the sunny slopes of the copses primroses were breaking through the hazel roots and beginning to gleam along the edges of the river.

empirenounUS /ˈempaɪər/

the domain ruled by an emperor or empress; the region over which imperial dominion is exercised

From this reading The gorse was fast extending its golden empire over the commons.

EndnounUS /end/

either extremity of something that has length

From this reading On the grass commons between Murewell and Mile End the birches rose like green clouds against the browns and purples of the still leafless oaks and beeches.

extendingverbUS /ɪkˈstendɪŋ/

-ing form of “extend” — extend in scope or range or area

From this reading The gorse was fast extending its golden empire over the commons.

fastadverbUS /fæst/

quickly or rapidly (often used as a combining form)

From this reading The gorse was fast extending its golden empire over the commons.

gleamverbUS /ɡliːm/

be shiny, as if wet

From this reading On the sunny slopes of the copses primroses were breaking through the hazel roots and beginning to gleam along the edges of the river.

goldenadjectiveUS /ˈɡoʊldən/

having the deep slightly brownish color of gold

From this reading The gorse was fast extending its golden empire over the commons.

gorsenoun

very spiny and dense evergreen shrub with fragrant golden-yellow flowers; common throughout western Europe

From this reading The gorse was fast extending its golden empire over the commons.

grassverbUS /ɡræs/

shoot down, of birds

From this reading On the grass commons between Murewell and Mile End the birches rose like green clouds against the browns and purples of the still leafless oaks and beeches.

greennounUS /ɡriːn/

green color or pigment; resembling the color of growing grass

From this reading On the grass commons between Murewell and Mile End the birches rose like green clouds against the browns and purples of the still leafless oaks and beeches.

hazeladjectiveUS /ˈheɪzəl/

of a light brown or yellowish brown color

From this reading On the sunny slopes of the copses primroses were breaking through the hazel roots and beginning to gleam along the edges of the river.

ItpronounUS /ɪt/

a thing, animal, or idea already mentioned

From this reading It, was the beginning of April.

itsdeterminerUS /ɪts/

belonging to the thing or animal already mentioned

From this reading The gorse was fast extending its golden empire over the commons.

leaflessadjectiveUS /ˈliːfləs/

having no leaves

From this reading On the grass commons between Murewell and Mile End the birches rose like green clouds against the browns and purples of the still leafless oaks and beeches.

likeverbUS /laɪk/

prefer or wish to do something

From this reading On the grass commons between Murewell and Mile End the birches rose like green clouds against the browns and purples of the still leafless oaks and beeches.

MilenounUS /maɪl/

a unit of length equal to 1,760 yards or 5,280 feet; exactly 1609.344 meters

From this reading On the grass commons between Murewell and Mile End the birches rose like green clouds against the browns and purples of the still leafless oaks and beeches.

Murewell

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading On the grass commons between Murewell and Mile End the birches rose like green clouds against the browns and purples of the still leafless oaks and beeches.

oaksnounUS /oʊks/

plural of “oak” — the hard durable wood of any oak; used especially for furniture and flooring

From this reading On the grass commons between Murewell and Mile End the birches rose like green clouds against the browns and purples of the still leafless oaks and beeches.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading It, was the beginning of April.

OnprepositionUS /ɑːn/

touching and supported by a surface

From this reading On the sunny slopes of the copses primroses were breaking through the hazel roots and beginning to gleam along the edges of the river.

overprepositionUS /ˈoʊvər/

above and across; more than

From this reading The gorse was fast extending its golden empire over the commons.

primrosesnounUS /ˈprɪmroʊzəz/

plural of “primrose” — any of numerous short-stemmed plants of the genus Primula having tufted basal leaves and showy flowers clustered in umbels or heads

From this reading On the sunny slopes of the copses primroses were breaking through the hazel roots and beginning to gleam along the edges of the river.

purplesnounUS /ˈpɜːrpəlz/

plural of “purple” — a purple color or pigment

From this reading On the grass commons between Murewell and Mile End the birches rose like green clouds against the browns and purples of the still leafless oaks and beeches.

rivernounUS /ˈrɪvər/

a large natural stream of water (larger than a creek)

From this reading On the sunny slopes of the copses primroses were breaking through the hazel roots and beginning to gleam along the edges of the river.

rootsnounUS /ruːts/

the condition of belonging to a particular place or group by virtue of social or ethnic or cultural lineage

From this reading On the sunny slopes of the copses primroses were breaking through the hazel roots and beginning to gleam along the edges of the river.

rosenounUS /roʊz/

any of many shrubs of the genus Rosa that bear roses

From this reading On the grass commons between Murewell and Mile End the birches rose like green clouds against the browns and purples of the still leafless oaks and beeches.

slopesnounUS /sloʊps/

plural of “slope” — an elevated geological formation

From this reading On the sunny slopes of the copses primroses were breaking through the hazel roots and beginning to gleam along the edges of the river.

stilladjectiveUS /stɪl/

not in physical motion

From this reading On the grass commons between Murewell and Mile End the birches rose like green clouds against the browns and purples of the still leafless oaks and beeches.

sunnyadjectiveUS /ˈsʌni/

bright and pleasant; promoting a feeling of cheer

From this reading On the sunny slopes of the copses primroses were breaking through the hazel roots and beginning to gleam along the edges of the river.

thedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading It, was the beginning of April.

throughprepositionUS /θruː/

from one end or side of something to the other

From this reading On the sunny slopes of the copses primroses were breaking through the hazel roots and beginning to gleam along the edges of the river.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading On the sunny slopes of the copses primroses were breaking through the hazel roots and beginning to gleam along the edges of the river.

twittering

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The birds were twittering and building.

wasauxiliary verbUS /wɑːz/

the past form of “be” used with I, he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading It, was the beginning of April.

wereauxiliary verbUS /wɜːr/

the past form of “be” used with you, we, they, or a plural noun

From this reading On the sunny slopes of the copses primroses were breaking through the hazel roots and beginning to gleam along the edges of the river.

Chapter 18 of Robert Elsmere by Humphry, Mrs. Ward holds 180 sentences, grouped into 36 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 18 of Robert Elsmere contain?

Chapter 18 holds 180 sentences of Robert Elsmere, unabridged, divided into 36 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 18 of Robert Elsmere by Humphry, Mrs. Ward exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 180 sentences, grouped into 36 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 18 of Robert Elsmere?

Work through the 36 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 36 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 18 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 18 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading Robert Elsmere

Common questions about reading Robert Elsmere by Humphry, Mrs. Ward on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of Robert Elsmere?

Yes. All 14907 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #8737 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of Robert Elsmere is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #8737, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does Robert Elsmere take to read?

About 600 minutes of reading across 2982 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

How to read Robert Elsmere section by section

How to work through Robert Elsmere section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.

  1. Open a chapter

    Choose one of the 40 chapters of Robert Elsmere to begin.

  2. Read one section

    Each section holds 5 sentences; read it once through.

  3. Listen and tap

    Play the section aloud, then tap any unfamiliar word for its entry.

Vocabulary met early in Robert Elsmere

Words and structures a reader meets early in Robert Elsmere, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Brilliant
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Robert Elsmere; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Afternoon
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Robert Elsmere; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Toward
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Robert Elsmere; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Spring
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Robert Elsmere; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.