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Robert Elsmere
Robert Elsmere

Chapter XX

Cover illustration for Robert Elsmere
Context Illustration Reading 1/98 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
And he did face it through.
The next three months were the bitterest months of Elsmere’s life.
They were marked by anguished mental struggle, by a consciousness of painful separation from the soul nearest to his own, and by a constantly increasing sense of oppression, of closing avenues and narrowing alternatives, which for weeks together seemed to hold the mind in a grip whence there was no escape.
That struggle was not hurried and embittered by the bodily presence of the Squire.
Mr. Wendover went off to Italy a few days after the conversation we have described.
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LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

Robert Elsmere

Chapter XX

Reading 1/98 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
And he did face it through.
Line 2
The next three months were the bitterest months of Elsmere’s life.
Line 3
They were marked by anguished mental struggle, by a consciousness of painful separation from the soul nearest to his own, and by a constantly increasing sense of oppression, of closing avenues and narrowing alternatives, which for weeks together seemed to hold the mind in a grip whence there was no escape.
Line 4
That struggle was not hurried and embittered by the bodily presence of the Squire.
Line 5
Mr. Wendover went off to Italy a few days after the conversation we have described.

Learner Dictionary

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, audio, and collocations from this reading.

After preposition US /ˈæftər/

later than; following

From this reading “Mr. Wendover went off to Italy a few days after the conversation we have described.”

Have auxiliary verb US /hæv/

used with a past participle to form the perfect tenses

From this reading “Mr. Wendover went off to Italy a few days after the conversation we have described.”

Life noun US /life/

an important story-specific word used in this passage

From this reading “The next three months were the bitterest months of Elsmere’s life.”

Mind noun US /mind/

an important story-specific word used in this passage

From this reading “They were marked by anguished mental struggle, by a consciousness of painful separation from the soul nearest to his own, and by a constantly increasing sense of oppression, of closing avenues and narrowing alternatives, which for weeks together seemed to hold the mind in a grip whence there was no escape.”

Next noun US /next/

an important story-specific word used in this passage

From this reading “The next three months were the bitterest months of Elsmere’s life.”

Seemed noun US /seemed/

an important story-specific word used in this passage

From this reading “They were marked by anguished mental struggle, by a consciousness of painful separation from the soul nearest to his own, and by a constantly increasing sense of oppression, of closing avenues and narrowing alternatives, which for weeks together seemed to hold the mind in a grip whence there was no escape.”

Through noun US /ˈthrough/

a story-specific word describing an important person, object, action, or idea in this passage

From this reading “And he did face it through.”

Went noun US /went/

an important story-specific word used in this passage

From this reading “Mr. Wendover went off to Italy a few days after the conversation we have described.”

Whence adverb US /wens/

an old word meaning “from where”

From this reading “They were marked by anguished mental struggle, by a consciousness of painful separation from the soul nearest to his own, and by a constantly increasing sense of oppression, of closing avenues and narrowing alternatives, which for weeks together seemed to hold the mind in a grip whence there was no escape.”

All words in this reading · 72

Every word is available to listen to. Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading They were marked by anguished mental struggle, by a consciousness of painful separation from the soul nearest to his own, and by a constantly increasing sense of oppression, of closing avenues and narrowing alternatives, which for weeks together seemed to hold the mind in a grip whence there was no escape.

afterprepositionUS /ˈæftər/

later than; following

From this reading Mr. Wendover went off to Italy a few days after the conversation we have described.

alternatives

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading They were marked by anguished mental struggle, by a consciousness of painful separation from the soul nearest to his own, and by a constantly increasing sense of oppression, of closing avenues and narrowing alternatives, which for weeks together seemed to hold the mind in a grip whence there was no escape.

AndconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading And he did face it through.

anguished

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading They were marked by anguished mental struggle, by a consciousness of painful separation from the soul nearest to his own, and by a constantly increasing sense of oppression, of closing avenues and narrowing alternatives, which for weeks together seemed to hold the mind in a grip whence there was no escape.

avenues

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading They were marked by anguished mental struggle, by a consciousness of painful separation from the soul nearest to his own, and by a constantly increasing sense of oppression, of closing avenues and narrowing alternatives, which for weeks together seemed to hold the mind in a grip whence there was no escape.

bitterest

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The next three months were the bitterest months of Elsmere’s life.

bodily

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading That struggle was not hurried and embittered by the bodily presence of the Squire.

byprepositionUS /baɪ/

showing who or what does the action

From this reading They were marked by anguished mental struggle, by a consciousness of painful separation from the soul nearest to his own, and by a constantly increasing sense of oppression, of closing avenues and narrowing alternatives, which for weeks together seemed to hold the mind in a grip whence there was no escape.

closing

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading They were marked by anguished mental struggle, by a consciousness of painful separation from the soul nearest to his own, and by a constantly increasing sense of oppression, of closing avenues and narrowing alternatives, which for weeks together seemed to hold the mind in a grip whence there was no escape.

consciousness

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading They were marked by anguished mental struggle, by a consciousness of painful separation from the soul nearest to his own, and by a constantly increasing sense of oppression, of closing avenues and narrowing alternatives, which for weeks together seemed to hold the mind in a grip whence there was no escape.

constantly

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading They were marked by anguished mental struggle, by a consciousness of painful separation from the soul nearest to his own, and by a constantly increasing sense of oppression, of closing avenues and narrowing alternatives, which for weeks together seemed to hold the mind in a grip whence there was no escape.

conversation

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Mr. Wendover went off to Italy a few days after the conversation we have described.

days

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Mr. Wendover went off to Italy a few days after the conversation we have described.

described

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Mr. Wendover went off to Italy a few days after the conversation we have described.

didauxiliary verbUS /dɪd/

the past form of “do”, used in questions and negatives

From this reading And he did face it through.

Elsmere's

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The next three months were the bitterest months of Elsmere’s life.

embittered

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading That struggle was not hurried and embittered by the bodily presence of the Squire.

escape

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading They were marked by anguished mental struggle, by a consciousness of painful separation from the soul nearest to his own, and by a constantly increasing sense of oppression, of closing avenues and narrowing alternatives, which for weeks together seemed to hold the mind in a grip whence there was no escape.

face

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading And he did face it through.

few

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Mr. Wendover went off to Italy a few days after the conversation we have described.

forprepositionUS /fɔːr/

intended to be given to, or used by, somebody

From this reading They were marked by anguished mental struggle, by a consciousness of painful separation from the soul nearest to his own, and by a constantly increasing sense of oppression, of closing avenues and narrowing alternatives, which for weeks together seemed to hold the mind in a grip whence there was no escape.

fromprepositionUS /frʌm/

showing where something starts, or who sent it

From this reading They were marked by anguished mental struggle, by a consciousness of painful separation from the soul nearest to his own, and by a constantly increasing sense of oppression, of closing avenues and narrowing alternatives, which for weeks together seemed to hold the mind in a grip whence there was no escape.

grip

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading They were marked by anguished mental struggle, by a consciousness of painful separation from the soul nearest to his own, and by a constantly increasing sense of oppression, of closing avenues and narrowing alternatives, which for weeks together seemed to hold the mind in a grip whence there was no escape.

haveauxiliary verbUS /hæv/

used with a past participle to form the perfect tenses

From this reading Mr. Wendover went off to Italy a few days after the conversation we have described.

hepronounUS /hiː/

a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading And he did face it through.

hisdeterminerUS /hɪz/

belonging to a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned

From this reading They were marked by anguished mental struggle, by a consciousness of painful separation from the soul nearest to his own, and by a constantly increasing sense of oppression, of closing avenues and narrowing alternatives, which for weeks together seemed to hold the mind in a grip whence there was no escape.

hold

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading They were marked by anguished mental struggle, by a consciousness of painful separation from the soul nearest to his own, and by a constantly increasing sense of oppression, of closing avenues and narrowing alternatives, which for weeks together seemed to hold the mind in a grip whence there was no escape.

hurried

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading That struggle was not hurried and embittered by the bodily presence of the Squire.

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading They were marked by anguished mental struggle, by a consciousness of painful separation from the soul nearest to his own, and by a constantly increasing sense of oppression, of closing avenues and narrowing alternatives, which for weeks together seemed to hold the mind in a grip whence there was no escape.

increasing

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading They were marked by anguished mental struggle, by a consciousness of painful separation from the soul nearest to his own, and by a constantly increasing sense of oppression, of closing avenues and narrowing alternatives, which for weeks together seemed to hold the mind in a grip whence there was no escape.

itpronounUS /ɪt/

a thing, animal, or idea already mentioned

From this reading And he did face it through.

Italy

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Mr. Wendover went off to Italy a few days after the conversation we have described.

lifenounUS /life/

an important story-specific word used in this passage

From this reading The next three months were the bitterest months of Elsmere’s life.

marked

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading They were marked by anguished mental struggle, by a consciousness of painful separation from the soul nearest to his own, and by a constantly increasing sense of oppression, of closing avenues and narrowing alternatives, which for weeks together seemed to hold the mind in a grip whence there was no escape.

mental

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading They were marked by anguished mental struggle, by a consciousness of painful separation from the soul nearest to his own, and by a constantly increasing sense of oppression, of closing avenues and narrowing alternatives, which for weeks together seemed to hold the mind in a grip whence there was no escape.

mindnounUS /mind/

an important story-specific word used in this passage

From this reading They were marked by anguished mental struggle, by a consciousness of painful separation from the soul nearest to his own, and by a constantly increasing sense of oppression, of closing avenues and narrowing alternatives, which for weeks together seemed to hold the mind in a grip whence there was no escape.

months

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The next three months were the bitterest months of Elsmere’s life.

Mr

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Mr. Wendover went off to Italy a few days after the conversation we have described.

narrowing

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading They were marked by anguished mental struggle, by a consciousness of painful separation from the soul nearest to his own, and by a constantly increasing sense of oppression, of closing avenues and narrowing alternatives, which for weeks together seemed to hold the mind in a grip whence there was no escape.

nearest

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading They were marked by anguished mental struggle, by a consciousness of painful separation from the soul nearest to his own, and by a constantly increasing sense of oppression, of closing avenues and narrowing alternatives, which for weeks together seemed to hold the mind in a grip whence there was no escape.

nextnounUS /next/

an important story-specific word used in this passage

From this reading The next three months were the bitterest months of Elsmere’s life.

nodeterminerUS /noʊ/

not any; not one

From this reading They were marked by anguished mental struggle, by a consciousness of painful separation from the soul nearest to his own, and by a constantly increasing sense of oppression, of closing avenues and narrowing alternatives, which for weeks together seemed to hold the mind in a grip whence there was no escape.

notadverbUS /nɑːt/

used to make a word, phrase, or sentence negative

From this reading That struggle was not hurried and embittered by the bodily presence of the Squire.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading The next three months were the bitterest months of Elsmere’s life.

off

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Mr. Wendover went off to Italy a few days after the conversation we have described.

oppression

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading They were marked by anguished mental struggle, by a consciousness of painful separation from the soul nearest to his own, and by a constantly increasing sense of oppression, of closing avenues and narrowing alternatives, which for weeks together seemed to hold the mind in a grip whence there was no escape.

own

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading They were marked by anguished mental struggle, by a consciousness of painful separation from the soul nearest to his own, and by a constantly increasing sense of oppression, of closing avenues and narrowing alternatives, which for weeks together seemed to hold the mind in a grip whence there was no escape.

painful

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading They were marked by anguished mental struggle, by a consciousness of painful separation from the soul nearest to his own, and by a constantly increasing sense of oppression, of closing avenues and narrowing alternatives, which for weeks together seemed to hold the mind in a grip whence there was no escape.

presence

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading That struggle was not hurried and embittered by the bodily presence of the Squire.

seemednounUS /seemed/

an important story-specific word used in this passage

From this reading They were marked by anguished mental struggle, by a consciousness of painful separation from the soul nearest to his own, and by a constantly increasing sense of oppression, of closing avenues and narrowing alternatives, which for weeks together seemed to hold the mind in a grip whence there was no escape.

sense

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading They were marked by anguished mental struggle, by a consciousness of painful separation from the soul nearest to his own, and by a constantly increasing sense of oppression, of closing avenues and narrowing alternatives, which for weeks together seemed to hold the mind in a grip whence there was no escape.

separation

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading They were marked by anguished mental struggle, by a consciousness of painful separation from the soul nearest to his own, and by a constantly increasing sense of oppression, of closing avenues and narrowing alternatives, which for weeks together seemed to hold the mind in a grip whence there was no escape.

soul

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading They were marked by anguished mental struggle, by a consciousness of painful separation from the soul nearest to his own, and by a constantly increasing sense of oppression, of closing avenues and narrowing alternatives, which for weeks together seemed to hold the mind in a grip whence there was no escape.

Squire

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading That struggle was not hurried and embittered by the bodily presence of the Squire.

struggle

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading They were marked by anguished mental struggle, by a consciousness of painful separation from the soul nearest to his own, and by a constantly increasing sense of oppression, of closing avenues and narrowing alternatives, which for weeks together seemed to hold the mind in a grip whence there was no escape.

ThatconjunctionUS /ðæt/

used to introduce what somebody said, thought, or felt

From this reading That struggle was not hurried and embittered by the bodily presence of the Squire.

ThedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading The next three months were the bitterest months of Elsmere’s life.

there

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading They were marked by anguished mental struggle, by a consciousness of painful separation from the soul nearest to his own, and by a constantly increasing sense of oppression, of closing avenues and narrowing alternatives, which for weeks together seemed to hold the mind in a grip whence there was no escape.

TheypronounUS /ðeɪ/

the people, animals, or things already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading They were marked by anguished mental struggle, by a consciousness of painful separation from the soul nearest to his own, and by a constantly increasing sense of oppression, of closing avenues and narrowing alternatives, which for weeks together seemed to hold the mind in a grip whence there was no escape.

three

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The next three months were the bitterest months of Elsmere’s life.

throughnounUS /ˈthrough/

a story-specific word describing an important person, object, action, or idea in this passage

From this reading And he did face it through.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading They were marked by anguished mental struggle, by a consciousness of painful separation from the soul nearest to his own, and by a constantly increasing sense of oppression, of closing avenues and narrowing alternatives, which for weeks together seemed to hold the mind in a grip whence there was no escape.

together

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading They were marked by anguished mental struggle, by a consciousness of painful separation from the soul nearest to his own, and by a constantly increasing sense of oppression, of closing avenues and narrowing alternatives, which for weeks together seemed to hold the mind in a grip whence there was no escape.

wasauxiliary verbUS /wɑːz/

the past form of “be” used with I, he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading They were marked by anguished mental struggle, by a consciousness of painful separation from the soul nearest to his own, and by a constantly increasing sense of oppression, of closing avenues and narrowing alternatives, which for weeks together seemed to hold the mind in a grip whence there was no escape.

wepronounUS /wiː/

the speaker together with one or more other people

From this reading Mr. Wendover went off to Italy a few days after the conversation we have described.

weeks

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading They were marked by anguished mental struggle, by a consciousness of painful separation from the soul nearest to his own, and by a constantly increasing sense of oppression, of closing avenues and narrowing alternatives, which for weeks together seemed to hold the mind in a grip whence there was no escape.

Wendover

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Mr. Wendover went off to Italy a few days after the conversation we have described.

wentnounUS /went/

an important story-specific word used in this passage

From this reading Mr. Wendover went off to Italy a few days after the conversation we have described.

wereauxiliary verbUS /wɜːr/

the past form of “be” used with you, we, they, or a plural noun

From this reading The next three months were the bitterest months of Elsmere’s life.

whenceadverbUS /wens/

an old word meaning “from where”

From this reading They were marked by anguished mental struggle, by a consciousness of painful separation from the soul nearest to his own, and by a constantly increasing sense of oppression, of closing avenues and narrowing alternatives, which for weeks together seemed to hold the mind in a grip whence there was no escape.

whichpronounUS /wɪtʃ/

used to introduce a clause giving more about a thing just mentioned

From this reading They were marked by anguished mental struggle, by a consciousness of painful separation from the soul nearest to his own, and by a constantly increasing sense of oppression, of closing avenues and narrowing alternatives, which for weeks together seemed to hold the mind in a grip whence there was no escape.