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Robert Elsmere
Robert Elsmere

Chapter XXXI · Chapter 31

Chapter 31 of Robert Elsmere is here in full — 633 sentences across 127 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Cover illustration for Robert Elsmere
Context Illustration Reading 1/126 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
It was the afternoon of Good Friday.
Catherine had been to church at St. Paul’s, and Robert, though not without some inward struggle, had accompanied her.
Their mid-day meal was over, and Robert had been devoting himself to Mary, who had been tottering round the room in his wake, clutching one finger tight with her chubby hand.
In particular, he had been coaxing her into friendship with a wooden Japanese dragon which wound itself in awful yet most seductive coils all round the cabinet at the end of the room.
It was Mary’s weekly task to embrace this horror, and the performance went by the name of kissing the Jabberwock.’
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LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

Robert Elsmere

Chapter XXXI · Chapter 31

Chapter 31 of Robert Elsmere is here in full — 633 sentences across 127 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/126 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
It was the afternoon of Good Friday.
/ɪt wɑːz ðə ˌæftərˈnuːn ʌv ɡʊd ˈfraɪdi/
Line 2
Catherine had been to church at St. Paul’s, and Robert, though not without some inward struggle, had accompanied her.
Line 3
Their mid-day meal was over, and Robert had been devoting himself to Mary, who had been tottering round the room in his wake, clutching one finger tight with her chubby hand.
Line 4
In particular, he had been coaxing her into friendship with a wooden Japanese dragon which wound itself in awful yet most seductive coils all round the cabinet at the end of the room.
/ɪn pərˈtɪkjələr hiː hæd bɪn ˈkoʊksɪŋ hɜːr ˈɪntuː ˈfrendʃɪp wɪð ə ˈwʊdən ˌdʒæpəˈniːz ˈdræɡən wɪtʃ waʊnd ˌɪtˈself ɪn ˈɑːfəl jet moʊst sɪˈdʌktɪv kɔɪlz ɔːl raʊnd ðə ˈkæbənət æt ðə end ʌv ðə ruːm/
Line 5
It was Mary’s weekly task to embrace this horror, and the performance went by the name ofkissing the Jabberwock.’

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

chubby adjective US /ˈtʃʌbi/

sufficiently fat so as to have a pleasing fullness of figure

From this reading “Their mid-day meal was over, and Robert had been devoting himself to Mary, who had been tottering round the room in his wake, clutching one finger tight with her chubby hand.”

clutching verb US /ˈklʌtʃɪŋ/

-ing form of “clutch” — take hold of; grab

From this reading “Their mid-day meal was over, and Robert had been devoting himself to Mary, who had been tottering round the room in his wake, clutching one finger tight with her chubby hand.”

coaxing adjective US /ˈkoʊksɪŋ/

pleasingly persuasive or intended to persuade

From this reading “In particular, he had been coaxing her into friendship with a wooden Japanese dragon which wound itself in awful yet most seductive coils all round the cabinet at the end of the room.”

coils noun US /kɔɪlz/

plural of “coil” — a structure consisting of something wound in a continuous series of loops

From this reading “In particular, he had been coaxing her into friendship with a wooden Japanese dragon which wound itself in awful yet most seductive coils all round the cabinet at the end of the room.”

devoting verb US /dɪˈvoʊtɪŋ/

-ing form of “devote” — give entirely to a specific person, activity, or cause

From this reading “Their mid-day meal was over, and Robert had been devoting himself to Mary, who had been tottering round the room in his wake, clutching one finger tight with her chubby hand.”

Paul's noun US /pɔːlz/

possessive form of “paul” — United States feminist (1885-1977)

seductive adjective US /sɪˈdʌktɪv/

tending to entice into a desired action or state

From this reading “In particular, he had been coaxing her into friendship with a wooden Japanese dragon which wound itself in awful yet most seductive coils all round the cabinet at the end of the room.”

tottering adjective US /ˈtɑːtərɪŋ/

unsteady in gait as from infirmity or old age

From this reading “Their mid-day meal was over, and Robert had been devoting himself to Mary, who had been tottering round the room in his wake, clutching one finger tight with her chubby hand.”

All words in this reading · 78

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading In particular, he had been coaxing her into friendship with a wooden Japanese dragon which wound itself in awful yet most seductive coils all round the cabinet at the end of the room.

accompaniedadjectiveUS /əˈkʌmpənid/

having companions or an escort

From this reading Catherine had been to church at St. Paul’s, and Robert, though not without some inward struggle, had accompanied her.

afternoonnounUS /ˌæftərˈnuːn/

the part of the day between noon and evening

From this reading It was the afternoon of Good Friday.

alladjectiveUS /ɔːl/

(quantifier) used with either mass or count nouns to indicate the whole number or amount of or every one of a class

From this reading In particular, he had been coaxing her into friendship with a wooden Japanese dragon which wound itself in awful yet most seductive coils all round the cabinet at the end of the room.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading Catherine had been to church at St. Paul’s, and Robert, though not without some inward struggle, had accompanied her.

atprepositionUS /æt/

in or near a particular place or position

From this reading Catherine had been to church at St. Paul’s, and Robert, though not without some inward struggle, had accompanied her.

awfuladjectiveUS /ˈɑːfəl/

exceptionally bad or displeasing

From this reading In particular, he had been coaxing her into friendship with a wooden Japanese dragon which wound itself in awful yet most seductive coils all round the cabinet at the end of the room.

beenauxiliary verbUS /bɪn/

the past participle of “be”

From this reading Catherine had been to church at St. Paul’s, and Robert, though not without some inward struggle, had accompanied her.

byprepositionUS /baɪ/

showing who or what does the action

From this reading It was Mary’s weekly task to embrace this horror, and the performance went by the name of ‘kissing the Jabberwock.’

cabinetnounUS /ˈkæbənət/

a piece of furniture resembling a cupboard with doors and shelves and drawers; for storage or display

From this reading In particular, he had been coaxing her into friendship with a wooden Japanese dragon which wound itself in awful yet most seductive coils all round the cabinet at the end of the room.

CatherinenounUS /ˈkæθərən/

first wife of Henry VIII; Henry VIII's divorce from her was the initial step of the Reformation in England (1485-1536)

From this reading Catherine had been to church at St. Paul’s, and Robert, though not without some inward struggle, had accompanied her.

chubbyadjectiveUS /ˈtʃʌbi/

sufficiently fat so as to have a pleasing fullness of figure

From this reading Their mid-day meal was over, and Robert had been devoting himself to Mary, who had been tottering round the room in his wake, clutching one finger tight with her chubby hand.

churchnounUS /tʃɜːrtʃ/

one of the groups of Christians who have their own beliefs and forms of worship

From this reading Catherine had been to church at St. Paul’s, and Robert, though not without some inward struggle, had accompanied her.

clutchingverbUS /ˈklʌtʃɪŋ/

-ing form of “clutch” — take hold of; grab

From this reading Their mid-day meal was over, and Robert had been devoting himself to Mary, who had been tottering round the room in his wake, clutching one finger tight with her chubby hand.

coaxingadjectiveUS /ˈkoʊksɪŋ/

pleasingly persuasive or intended to persuade

From this reading In particular, he had been coaxing her into friendship with a wooden Japanese dragon which wound itself in awful yet most seductive coils all round the cabinet at the end of the room.

coilsnounUS /kɔɪlz/

plural of “coil” — a structure consisting of something wound in a continuous series of loops

From this reading In particular, he had been coaxing her into friendship with a wooden Japanese dragon which wound itself in awful yet most seductive coils all round the cabinet at the end of the room.

devotingverbUS /dɪˈvoʊtɪŋ/

-ing form of “devote” — give entirely to a specific person, activity, or cause

From this reading Their mid-day meal was over, and Robert had been devoting himself to Mary, who had been tottering round the room in his wake, clutching one finger tight with her chubby hand.

dragonnounUS /ˈdræɡən/

a creature of Teutonic mythology; usually represented as breathing fire and having a reptilian body and sometimes wings

From this reading In particular, he had been coaxing her into friendship with a wooden Japanese dragon which wound itself in awful yet most seductive coils all round the cabinet at the end of the room.

embraceverbUS /emˈbreɪs/

include in scope; include as part of something broader; have as one's sphere or territory

From this reading It was Mary’s weekly task to embrace this horror, and the performance went by the name of ‘kissing the Jabberwock.’

endnounUS /end/

either extremity of something that has length

From this reading In particular, he had been coaxing her into friendship with a wooden Japanese dragon which wound itself in awful yet most seductive coils all round the cabinet at the end of the room.

fingerverbUS /ˈfɪŋɡər/

feel or handle with the fingers

From this reading Their mid-day meal was over, and Robert had been devoting himself to Mary, who had been tottering round the room in his wake, clutching one finger tight with her chubby hand.

FridaynounUS /ˈfraɪdi/

the sixth day of the week; the fifth working day

From this reading It was the afternoon of Good Friday.

friendshipnounUS /ˈfrendʃɪp/

the state of being friends (or friendly)

From this reading In particular, he had been coaxing her into friendship with a wooden Japanese dragon which wound itself in awful yet most seductive coils all round the cabinet at the end of the room.

GoodadjectiveUS /ɡʊd/

having desirable or positive qualities especially those suitable for a thing specified

From this reading It was the afternoon of Good Friday.

hadauxiliary verbUS /hæd/

the past form of “have”, used to form the past perfect

From this reading Catherine had been to church at St. Paul’s, and Robert, though not without some inward struggle, had accompanied her.

handnounUS /hænd/

the (prehensile) extremity of the superior limb

From this reading Their mid-day meal was over, and Robert had been devoting himself to Mary, who had been tottering round the room in his wake, clutching one finger tight with her chubby hand.

hepronounUS /hiː/

a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading In particular, he had been coaxing her into friendship with a wooden Japanese dragon which wound itself in awful yet most seductive coils all round the cabinet at the end of the room.

herdeterminerUS /hɜːr/

belonging to a woman, girl, or female animal already mentioned

From this reading Catherine had been to church at St. Paul’s, and Robert, though not without some inward struggle, had accompanied her.

himselfpronounUS /hɪmˈself/

used when the man or boy doing the action is also its object

From this reading Their mid-day meal was over, and Robert had been devoting himself to Mary, who had been tottering round the room in his wake, clutching one finger tight with her chubby hand.

hisdeterminerUS /hɪz/

belonging to a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned

From this reading Their mid-day meal was over, and Robert had been devoting himself to Mary, who had been tottering round the room in his wake, clutching one finger tight with her chubby hand.

horrornounUS /ˈhɔːrər/

intense and profound fear

From this reading It was Mary’s weekly task to embrace this horror, and the performance went by the name of ‘kissing the Jabberwock.’

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading Their mid-day meal was over, and Robert had been devoting himself to Mary, who had been tottering round the room in his wake, clutching one finger tight with her chubby hand.

intoprepositionUS /ˈɪntuː/

moving to the inside of something

From this reading In particular, he had been coaxing her into friendship with a wooden Japanese dragon which wound itself in awful yet most seductive coils all round the cabinet at the end of the room.

inwardadjectiveUS /ˈɪnwərd/

relating to or existing in the mind or thoughts

From this reading Catherine had been to church at St. Paul’s, and Robert, though not without some inward struggle, had accompanied her.

ItpronounUS /ɪt/

a thing, animal, or idea already mentioned

From this reading It was the afternoon of Good Friday.

itselfpronounUS /ˌɪtˈself/

used when the thing doing the action is also its object

From this reading In particular, he had been coaxing her into friendship with a wooden Japanese dragon which wound itself in awful yet most seductive coils all round the cabinet at the end of the room.

Jabberwock

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading It was Mary’s weekly task to embrace this horror, and the performance went by the name of ‘kissing the Jabberwock.’

JapanesenounUS /ˌdʒæpəˈniːz/

a native or inhabitant of Japan

From this reading In particular, he had been coaxing her into friendship with a wooden Japanese dragon which wound itself in awful yet most seductive coils all round the cabinet at the end of the room.

kissingnounUS /ˈkɪsɪŋ/

affectionate play (or foreplay without contact with the genital organs)

From this reading It was Mary’s weekly task to embrace this horror, and the performance went by the name of ‘kissing the Jabberwock.’

MarynounUS /ˈmeri/

the mother of Jesus; Christians refer to her as the Virgin Mary; she is especially honored by Roman Catholics

From this reading Their mid-day meal was over, and Robert had been devoting himself to Mary, who had been tottering round the room in his wake, clutching one finger tight with her chubby hand.

Mary'snounUS /ˈmeriz/

possessive form of “mary” — the mother of Jesus; Christians refer to her as the Virgin Mary; she is especially honored by Roman Catholics

From this reading It was Mary’s weekly task to embrace this horror, and the performance went by the name of ‘kissing the Jabberwock.’

mealnounUS /miːl/

the food served and eaten at one time

From this reading Their mid-day meal was over, and Robert had been devoting himself to Mary, who had been tottering round the room in his wake, clutching one finger tight with her chubby hand.

mid-day

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Their mid-day meal was over, and Robert had been devoting himself to Mary, who had been tottering round the room in his wake, clutching one finger tight with her chubby hand.

mostadverbUS /moʊst/

used to form the superlative

From this reading In particular, he had been coaxing her into friendship with a wooden Japanese dragon which wound itself in awful yet most seductive coils all round the cabinet at the end of the room.

nameverbUS /neɪm/

assign a specified (usually proper) proper name to

From this reading It was Mary’s weekly task to embrace this horror, and the performance went by the name of ‘kissing the Jabberwock.’

notadverbUS /nɑːt/

used to make a word, phrase, or sentence negative

From this reading Catherine had been to church at St. Paul’s, and Robert, though not without some inward struggle, had accompanied her.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading It was the afternoon of Good Friday.

onepronounUS /wʌn/

used to mean any person in general, including the speaker

From this reading Their mid-day meal was over, and Robert had been devoting himself to Mary, who had been tottering round the room in his wake, clutching one finger tight with her chubby hand.

overprepositionUS /ˈoʊvər/

above and across; more than

From this reading Their mid-day meal was over, and Robert had been devoting himself to Mary, who had been tottering round the room in his wake, clutching one finger tight with her chubby hand.

particularadjectiveUS /pərˈtɪkjələr/

unique or specific to a person or thing or category

From this reading In particular, he had been coaxing her into friendship with a wooden Japanese dragon which wound itself in awful yet most seductive coils all round the cabinet at the end of the room.

Paul'snounUS /pɔːlz/

possessive form of “paul” — United States feminist (1885-1977)

From this reading Catherine had been to church at St. Paul’s, and Robert, though not without some inward struggle, had accompanied her.

performancenounUS /pərˈfɔːrməns/

a dramatic or musical entertainment

From this reading It was Mary’s weekly task to embrace this horror, and the performance went by the name of ‘kissing the Jabberwock.’

RobertnounUS /ˈrɑːbərt/

United States parliamentary authority and author (in 1876) of Robert's Rules of Order (1837-1923)

From this reading Catherine had been to church at St. Paul’s, and Robert, though not without some inward struggle, had accompanied her.

roomnounUS /ruːm/

an area within a building enclosed by walls and floor and ceiling

From this reading Their mid-day meal was over, and Robert had been devoting himself to Mary, who had been tottering round the room in his wake, clutching one finger tight with her chubby hand.

roundnounUS /raʊnd/

a charge of ammunition for a single shot

From this reading Their mid-day meal was over, and Robert had been devoting himself to Mary, who had been tottering round the room in his wake, clutching one finger tight with her chubby hand.

seductiveadjectiveUS /sɪˈdʌktɪv/

tending to entice into a desired action or state

From this reading In particular, he had been coaxing her into friendship with a wooden Japanese dragon which wound itself in awful yet most seductive coils all round the cabinet at the end of the room.

someadjectiveUS /sʌm/

(quantifier) used with either mass nouns or plural count nouns to indicate an unspecified number or quantity

From this reading Catherine had been to church at St. Paul’s, and Robert, though not without some inward struggle, had accompanied her.

St

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Catherine had been to church at St. Paul’s, and Robert, though not without some inward struggle, had accompanied her.

struggleverbUS /ˈstrʌɡəl/

make a strenuous or labored effort

From this reading Catherine had been to church at St. Paul’s, and Robert, though not without some inward struggle, had accompanied her.

tasknounUS /tæsk/

any piece of work that is undertaken or attempted

From this reading It was Mary’s weekly task to embrace this horror, and the performance went by the name of ‘kissing the Jabberwock.’

thedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading It was the afternoon of Good Friday.

TheirdeterminerUS /ðer/

belonging to the people or things already mentioned

From this reading Their mid-day meal was over, and Robert had been devoting himself to Mary, who had been tottering round the room in his wake, clutching one finger tight with her chubby hand.

thisdeterminerUS /ðɪs/

used for a person or thing that is near, or that has just been mentioned

From this reading It was Mary’s weekly task to embrace this horror, and the performance went by the name of ‘kissing the Jabberwock.’

thoughconjunctionUS /ðoʊ/

in spite of the fact that

From this reading Catherine had been to church at St. Paul’s, and Robert, though not without some inward struggle, had accompanied her.

tightadjectiveUS /taɪt/

closely constrained or constricted or constricting

From this reading Their mid-day meal was over, and Robert had been devoting himself to Mary, who had been tottering round the room in his wake, clutching one finger tight with her chubby hand.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading Catherine had been to church at St. Paul’s, and Robert, though not without some inward struggle, had accompanied her.

totteringadjectiveUS /ˈtɑːtərɪŋ/

unsteady in gait as from infirmity or old age

From this reading Their mid-day meal was over, and Robert had been devoting himself to Mary, who had been tottering round the room in his wake, clutching one finger tight with her chubby hand.

wakeverbUS /weɪk/

be awake, be alert, be there

From this reading Their mid-day meal was over, and Robert had been devoting himself to Mary, who had been tottering round the room in his wake, clutching one finger tight with her chubby hand.

wasauxiliary verbUS /wɑːz/

the past form of “be” used with I, he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading It was the afternoon of Good Friday.

weeklynounUS /ˈwiːkli/

a periodical that is published every week (or 52 issues per year)

From this reading It was Mary’s weekly task to embrace this horror, and the performance went by the name of ‘kissing the Jabberwock.’

wentverbUS /went/

inflected form of “go” — change location; move, travel, or proceed, also metaphorically

From this reading It was Mary’s weekly task to embrace this horror, and the performance went by the name of ‘kissing the Jabberwock.’

whichpronounUS /wɪtʃ/

used to introduce a clause giving more about a thing just mentioned

From this reading In particular, he had been coaxing her into friendship with a wooden Japanese dragon which wound itself in awful yet most seductive coils all round the cabinet at the end of the room.

whopronounUS /huː/

which person or people

From this reading Their mid-day meal was over, and Robert had been devoting himself to Mary, who had been tottering round the room in his wake, clutching one finger tight with her chubby hand.

withprepositionUS /wɪð/

in the company of; together with

From this reading Their mid-day meal was over, and Robert had been devoting himself to Mary, who had been tottering round the room in his wake, clutching one finger tight with her chubby hand.

withoutprepositionUS /wɪˈθaʊt/

not having, not using, or not accompanied by

From this reading Catherine had been to church at St. Paul’s, and Robert, though not without some inward struggle, had accompanied her.

woodenadjectiveUS /ˈwʊdən/

made or consisting of (entirely or in part) or employing wood

From this reading In particular, he had been coaxing her into friendship with a wooden Japanese dragon which wound itself in awful yet most seductive coils all round the cabinet at the end of the room.

woundnounUS /waʊnd/

an injury to living tissue (especially an injury involving a cut or break in the skin)

From this reading In particular, he had been coaxing her into friendship with a wooden Japanese dragon which wound itself in awful yet most seductive coils all round the cabinet at the end of the room.

yetconjunctionUS /jet/

but in spite of that

From this reading In particular, he had been coaxing her into friendship with a wooden Japanese dragon which wound itself in awful yet most seductive coils all round the cabinet at the end of the room.

Chapter 31 of Robert Elsmere by Humphry, Mrs. Ward holds 633 sentences, grouped into 127 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 31 of Robert Elsmere contain?

Chapter 31 holds 633 sentences of Robert Elsmere, unabridged, divided into 127 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 31 of Robert Elsmere by Humphry, Mrs. Ward exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 633 sentences, grouped into 127 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 31 of Robert Elsmere?

Work through the 127 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 127 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 31 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 31 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading Robert Elsmere

Common questions about reading Robert Elsmere by Humphry, Mrs. Ward on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of Robert Elsmere?

Yes. All 14907 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #8737 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of Robert Elsmere is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #8737, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does Robert Elsmere take to read?

About 600 minutes of reading across 2982 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

How to read Robert Elsmere section by section

How to work through Robert Elsmere section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.

  1. Open a chapter

    Choose one of the 40 chapters of Robert Elsmere to begin.

  2. Read one section

    Each section holds 5 sentences; read it once through.

  3. Listen and tap

    Play the section aloud, then tap any unfamiliar word for its entry.

Vocabulary met early in Robert Elsmere

Words and structures a reader meets early in Robert Elsmere, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Brilliant
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Robert Elsmere; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Afternoon
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Robert Elsmere; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Toward
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Robert Elsmere; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Spring
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Robert Elsmere; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.