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Robert Elsmere
Robert Elsmere

Chapter XXXII · Chapter 32

Chapter 32 of Robert Elsmere is here in full — 199 sentences across 40 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Cover illustration for Robert Elsmere
Context Illustration Reading 1/39 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
A week later Elsmere was startled to find himself detained, after his story-telling, by a trio of workmen, asking on behalf of some thirty or forty members of the North R---- Club that he would give them a course of lectures on the New Testament.
One of them was the gas-fitter Charles Richards; another was the watchmaker Lestrange, who had originally challenged Robert to deliver himself; and the third was a tough old Scotchman of sixty with a philosophical turn, under whose spoutings of Hume and Locke, of Reid and Dugald Stewart, delivered in the shrillest of cracked voices, the Club had writhed many an impatient half-hour on debating nights.
He had an unexpected artistic gift, a kind of sport as compared with the rest of his character, which made him a valued designer in the pottery works; but his real interests were speculative and argumentative, concerned with common nawtions of the praimary elements of reason,’ and the appearance of Robert in the district seemed to offer him at last a foeman worthy of his steel.
Elsmere shrewdly suspected that the last two looked forward to any teaching he might give mostly as a new and favorable exercising ground for their own wits but he took the risk, gladly accepted the invitation, and fixed Sunday afternoons for a weekly New Testament lecture.
His first lecture, which he prepared with great care, was delivered to thirty-seven men a fortnight later.
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LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

Robert Elsmere

Chapter XXXII · Chapter 32

Chapter 32 of Robert Elsmere is here in full — 199 sentences across 40 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/39 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
A week later Elsmere was startled to find himself detained, after his story-telling, by a trio of workmen, asking on behalf of some thirty or forty members of the North R---- Club that he would give them a course of lectures on the New Testament.
Line 2
One of them was the gas-fitter Charles Richards; another was the watchmaker Lestrange, who had originally challenged Robert to deliver himself; and the third was a tough old Scotchman of sixty with a philosophical turn, under whose spoutings of Hume and Locke, of Reid and Dugald Stewart, delivered in the shrillest of cracked voices, the Club had writhed many an impatient half-hour on debating nights.
Line 3
He had an unexpected artistic gift, a kind ofsportas compared with the rest of his character, which made him a valued designer in the pottery works; but his real interests were speculative and argumentative, concerned withcommon nawtions of the praimary elements of reason,’ and the appearance of Robert in the district seemed to offer him at last a foeman worthy of his steel.
Line 4
Elsmere shrewdly suspected that the last two looked forward to any teaching he might give mostly as a new and favorable exercising ground for their own wits but he took the risk, gladly accepted the invitation, and fixed Sunday afternoons for a weekly New Testament lecture.
Line 5
His first lecture, which he prepared with great care, was delivered to thirty-seven men a fortnight later.

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

argumentative adjective US /ˌɑːrɡjəˈmentətɪv/

given to or characterized by argument

From this reading “He had an unexpected artistic gift, a kind of ‘sport’ as compared with the rest of his character, which made him a valued designer in the pottery works; but his real interests were speculative and argumentative, concerned with ‘common nawtions of the praimary elements of reason,’ and the appearance of Robert in the district seemed to offer him at last a foeman worthy of his steel.”

debating verb US /dəˈbeɪtɪŋ/

-ing form of “debate” — argue with one another

From this reading “One of them was the gas-fitter Charles Richards; another was the watchmaker Lestrange, who had originally challenged Robert to deliver himself; and the third was a tough old Scotchman of sixty with a philosophical turn, under whose spoutings of Hume and Locke, of Reid and Dugald Stewart, delivered in the shrillest of cracked voices, the Club had writhed many an impatient half-hour on debating nights.”

designer noun US /dɪˈzaɪnər/

a person who specializes in interior design

From this reading “He had an unexpected artistic gift, a kind of ‘sport’ as compared with the rest of his character, which made him a valued designer in the pottery works; but his real interests were speculative and argumentative, concerned with ‘common nawtions of the praimary elements of reason,’ and the appearance of Robert in the district seemed to offer him at last a foeman worthy of his steel.”

exercising noun US /ˈeksərsaɪzɪŋ/

the activity of exerting your muscles in various ways to keep fit

From this reading “Elsmere shrewdly suspected that the last two looked forward to any teaching he might give mostly as a new and favorable exercising ground for their own wits but he took the risk, gladly accepted the invitation, and fixed Sunday afternoons for a weekly New Testament lecture.”

Hume noun US /hjuːm/

Scottish philosopher skeptical philosophy restricted human knowledge to that which can be perceived by the senses (1711-1776)

From this reading “One of them was the gas-fitter Charles Richards; another was the watchmaker Lestrange, who had originally challenged Robert to deliver himself; and the third was a tough old Scotchman of sixty with a philosophical turn, under whose spoutings of Hume and Locke, of Reid and Dugald Stewart, delivered in the shrillest of cracked voices, the Club had writhed many an impatient half-hour on debating nights.”

Locke noun US /lɑːk/

English empiricist philosopher who believed that all knowledge is derived from sensory experience (1632-1704)

From this reading “One of them was the gas-fitter Charles Richards; another was the watchmaker Lestrange, who had originally challenged Robert to deliver himself; and the third was a tough old Scotchman of sixty with a philosophical turn, under whose spoutings of Hume and Locke, of Reid and Dugald Stewart, delivered in the shrillest of cracked voices, the Club had writhed many an impatient half-hour on debating nights.”

pottery noun US /ˈpɑːtəri/

ceramic ware made from clay and baked in a kiln

From this reading “He had an unexpected artistic gift, a kind of ‘sport’ as compared with the rest of his character, which made him a valued designer in the pottery works; but his real interests were speculative and argumentative, concerned with ‘common nawtions of the praimary elements of reason,’ and the appearance of Robert in the district seemed to offer him at last a foeman worthy of his steel.”

Reid noun US /riːd/

Scottish philosopher of common sense who opposed the ideas of David Hume (1710-1796)

From this reading “One of them was the gas-fitter Charles Richards; another was the watchmaker Lestrange, who had originally challenged Robert to deliver himself; and the third was a tough old Scotchman of sixty with a philosophical turn, under whose spoutings of Hume and Locke, of Reid and Dugald Stewart, delivered in the shrillest of cracked voices, the Club had writhed many an impatient half-hour on debating nights.”

All words in this reading · 150

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

AdeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading A week later Elsmere was startled to find himself detained, after his story-telling, by a trio of workmen, asking on behalf of some thirty or forty members of the North R---- Club that he would give them a course of lectures on the New Testament.

acceptedadjectiveUS /ækˈseptɪd/

generally approved or compelling recognition

From this reading Elsmere shrewdly suspected that the last two looked forward to any teaching he might give mostly as a new and favorable exercising ground for their own wits but he took the risk, gladly accepted the invitation, and fixed Sunday afternoons for a weekly New Testament lecture.

afterprepositionUS /ˈæftər/

later than; following

From this reading A week later Elsmere was startled to find himself detained, after his story-telling, by a trio of workmen, asking on behalf of some thirty or forty members of the North R---- Club that he would give them a course of lectures on the New Testament.

afternoonsnounUS /ˌæftərˈnuːnz/

plural of “afternoon” — the part of the day between noon and evening

From this reading Elsmere shrewdly suspected that the last two looked forward to any teaching he might give mostly as a new and favorable exercising ground for their own wits but he took the risk, gladly accepted the invitation, and fixed Sunday afternoons for a weekly New Testament lecture.

andeterminerUS /æn/

the form of “a” used before a word that begins with a vowel sound

From this reading One of them was the gas-fitter Charles Richards; another was the watchmaker Lestrange, who had originally challenged Robert to deliver himself; and the third was a tough old Scotchman of sixty with a philosophical turn, under whose spoutings of Hume and Locke, of Reid and Dugald Stewart, delivered in the shrillest of cracked voices, the Club had writhed many an impatient half-hour on debating nights.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading One of them was the gas-fitter Charles Richards; another was the watchmaker Lestrange, who had originally challenged Robert to deliver himself; and the third was a tough old Scotchman of sixty with a philosophical turn, under whose spoutings of Hume and Locke, of Reid and Dugald Stewart, delivered in the shrillest of cracked voices, the Club had writhed many an impatient half-hour on debating nights.

anotherdeterminerUS /əˈnʌðər/

one more of the same kind, or a different one

From this reading One of them was the gas-fitter Charles Richards; another was the watchmaker Lestrange, who had originally challenged Robert to deliver himself; and the third was a tough old Scotchman of sixty with a philosophical turn, under whose spoutings of Hume and Locke, of Reid and Dugald Stewart, delivered in the shrillest of cracked voices, the Club had writhed many an impatient half-hour on debating nights.

anyadjectiveUS /ˈeni/

one or some or every or all without specification

From this reading Elsmere shrewdly suspected that the last two looked forward to any teaching he might give mostly as a new and favorable exercising ground for their own wits but he took the risk, gladly accepted the invitation, and fixed Sunday afternoons for a weekly New Testament lecture.

appearancenounUS /əˈpɪrəns/

outward or visible aspect of a person or thing

From this reading He had an unexpected artistic gift, a kind of ‘sport’ as compared with the rest of his character, which made him a valued designer in the pottery works; but his real interests were speculative and argumentative, concerned with ‘common nawtions of the praimary elements of reason,’ and the appearance of Robert in the district seemed to offer him at last a foeman worthy of his steel.

argumentativeadjectiveUS /ˌɑːrɡjəˈmentətɪv/

given to or characterized by argument

From this reading He had an unexpected artistic gift, a kind of ‘sport’ as compared with the rest of his character, which made him a valued designer in the pottery works; but his real interests were speculative and argumentative, concerned with ‘common nawtions of the praimary elements of reason,’ and the appearance of Robert in the district seemed to offer him at last a foeman worthy of his steel.

artisticadjectiveUS /ɑːrˈtɪstɪk/

relating to or characteristic of art or artists

From this reading He had an unexpected artistic gift, a kind of ‘sport’ as compared with the rest of his character, which made him a valued designer in the pottery works; but his real interests were speculative and argumentative, concerned with ‘common nawtions of the praimary elements of reason,’ and the appearance of Robert in the district seemed to offer him at last a foeman worthy of his steel.

asconjunctionUS /æz/

at the same time that; because; in the way that

From this reading He had an unexpected artistic gift, a kind of ‘sport’ as compared with the rest of his character, which made him a valued designer in the pottery works; but his real interests were speculative and argumentative, concerned with ‘common nawtions of the praimary elements of reason,’ and the appearance of Robert in the district seemed to offer him at last a foeman worthy of his steel.

askingnounUS /ˈæskɪŋ/

the verbal act of requesting

From this reading A week later Elsmere was startled to find himself detained, after his story-telling, by a trio of workmen, asking on behalf of some thirty or forty members of the North R---- Club that he would give them a course of lectures on the New Testament.

atprepositionUS /æt/

in or near a particular place or position

From this reading He had an unexpected artistic gift, a kind of ‘sport’ as compared with the rest of his character, which made him a valued designer in the pottery works; but his real interests were speculative and argumentative, concerned with ‘common nawtions of the praimary elements of reason,’ and the appearance of Robert in the district seemed to offer him at last a foeman worthy of his steel.

behalfnounUS /bɪˈhæf/

as the agent of or on someone's part (usually expressed as “on behalf of” rather than “in behalf of”)

From this reading A week later Elsmere was startled to find himself detained, after his story-telling, by a trio of workmen, asking on behalf of some thirty or forty members of the North R---- Club that he would give them a course of lectures on the New Testament.

butconjunctionUS /bʌt/

used to introduce something that contrasts with what came before

From this reading He had an unexpected artistic gift, a kind of ‘sport’ as compared with the rest of his character, which made him a valued designer in the pottery works; but his real interests were speculative and argumentative, concerned with ‘common nawtions of the praimary elements of reason,’ and the appearance of Robert in the district seemed to offer him at last a foeman worthy of his steel.

byprepositionUS /baɪ/

showing who or what does the action

From this reading A week later Elsmere was startled to find himself detained, after his story-telling, by a trio of workmen, asking on behalf of some thirty or forty members of the North R---- Club that he would give them a course of lectures on the New Testament.

carenounUS /ker/

the work of providing treatment for or attending to someone or something

From this reading His first lecture, which he prepared with great care, was delivered to thirty-seven men a fortnight later.

challengedverbUS /ˈtʃæləndʒd/

past form of “challenge” — take exception to

From this reading One of them was the gas-fitter Charles Richards; another was the watchmaker Lestrange, who had originally challenged Robert to deliver himself; and the third was a tough old Scotchman of sixty with a philosophical turn, under whose spoutings of Hume and Locke, of Reid and Dugald Stewart, delivered in the shrillest of cracked voices, the Club had writhed many an impatient half-hour on debating nights.

characternounUS /ˈkerɪktər/

an imaginary person represented in a work of fiction (play or film or story)

From this reading He had an unexpected artistic gift, a kind of ‘sport’ as compared with the rest of his character, which made him a valued designer in the pottery works; but his real interests were speculative and argumentative, concerned with ‘common nawtions of the praimary elements of reason,’ and the appearance of Robert in the district seemed to offer him at last a foeman worthy of his steel.

CharlesnounUS /tʃɑːrlz/

King of France from 1560 to 1574 whose reign was dominated by his mother Catherine de Medicis (1550-1574)

From this reading One of them was the gas-fitter Charles Richards; another was the watchmaker Lestrange, who had originally challenged Robert to deliver himself; and the third was a tough old Scotchman of sixty with a philosophical turn, under whose spoutings of Hume and Locke, of Reid and Dugald Stewart, delivered in the shrillest of cracked voices, the Club had writhed many an impatient half-hour on debating nights.

ClubnounUS /klʌb/

a team of professional baseball players who play and travel together

From this reading A week later Elsmere was startled to find himself detained, after his story-telling, by a trio of workmen, asking on behalf of some thirty or forty members of the North R---- Club that he would give them a course of lectures on the New Testament.

commonadjectiveUS /ˈkɑːmən/

belonging to or participated in by a community as a whole; public

From this reading He had an unexpected artistic gift, a kind of ‘sport’ as compared with the rest of his character, which made him a valued designer in the pottery works; but his real interests were speculative and argumentative, concerned with ‘common nawtions of the praimary elements of reason,’ and the appearance of Robert in the district seemed to offer him at last a foeman worthy of his steel.

comparedverbUS /kəmˈperd/

past form of “compare” — examine and note the similarities or differences of

From this reading He had an unexpected artistic gift, a kind of ‘sport’ as compared with the rest of his character, which made him a valued designer in the pottery works; but his real interests were speculative and argumentative, concerned with ‘common nawtions of the praimary elements of reason,’ and the appearance of Robert in the district seemed to offer him at last a foeman worthy of his steel.

concernedadjectiveUS /kənˈsɜːrnd/

feeling or showing worry or solicitude

From this reading He had an unexpected artistic gift, a kind of ‘sport’ as compared with the rest of his character, which made him a valued designer in the pottery works; but his real interests were speculative and argumentative, concerned with ‘common nawtions of the praimary elements of reason,’ and the appearance of Robert in the district seemed to offer him at last a foeman worthy of his steel.

coursenounUS /kɔːrs/

education imparted in a series of lessons or meetings

From this reading A week later Elsmere was startled to find himself detained, after his story-telling, by a trio of workmen, asking on behalf of some thirty or forty members of the North R---- Club that he would give them a course of lectures on the New Testament.

crackedadjectiveUS /krækt/

used of skin roughened as a result of cold or exposure

From this reading One of them was the gas-fitter Charles Richards; another was the watchmaker Lestrange, who had originally challenged Robert to deliver himself; and the third was a tough old Scotchman of sixty with a philosophical turn, under whose spoutings of Hume and Locke, of Reid and Dugald Stewart, delivered in the shrillest of cracked voices, the Club had writhed many an impatient half-hour on debating nights.

debatingverbUS /dəˈbeɪtɪŋ/

-ing form of “debate” — argue with one another

From this reading One of them was the gas-fitter Charles Richards; another was the watchmaker Lestrange, who had originally challenged Robert to deliver himself; and the third was a tough old Scotchman of sixty with a philosophical turn, under whose spoutings of Hume and Locke, of Reid and Dugald Stewart, delivered in the shrillest of cracked voices, the Club had writhed many an impatient half-hour on debating nights.

deliververbUS /dɪˈlɪvər/

deliver (a speech, oration, or idea)

From this reading One of them was the gas-fitter Charles Richards; another was the watchmaker Lestrange, who had originally challenged Robert to deliver himself; and the third was a tough old Scotchman of sixty with a philosophical turn, under whose spoutings of Hume and Locke, of Reid and Dugald Stewart, delivered in the shrillest of cracked voices, the Club had writhed many an impatient half-hour on debating nights.

deliveredverbUS /dɪˈlɪvərd/

past form of “deliver” — deliver (a speech, oration, or idea)

From this reading One of them was the gas-fitter Charles Richards; another was the watchmaker Lestrange, who had originally challenged Robert to deliver himself; and the third was a tough old Scotchman of sixty with a philosophical turn, under whose spoutings of Hume and Locke, of Reid and Dugald Stewart, delivered in the shrillest of cracked voices, the Club had writhed many an impatient half-hour on debating nights.

designernounUS /dɪˈzaɪnər/

a person who specializes in interior design

From this reading He had an unexpected artistic gift, a kind of ‘sport’ as compared with the rest of his character, which made him a valued designer in the pottery works; but his real interests were speculative and argumentative, concerned with ‘common nawtions of the praimary elements of reason,’ and the appearance of Robert in the district seemed to offer him at last a foeman worthy of his steel.

detainedverbUS /dɪˈteɪnd/

past form of “detain” — deprive of freedom; take into confinement

From this reading A week later Elsmere was startled to find himself detained, after his story-telling, by a trio of workmen, asking on behalf of some thirty or forty members of the North R---- Club that he would give them a course of lectures on the New Testament.

districtnounUS /ˈdɪstrɪkt/

a region marked off for administrative or other purposes

From this reading He had an unexpected artistic gift, a kind of ‘sport’ as compared with the rest of his character, which made him a valued designer in the pottery works; but his real interests were speculative and argumentative, concerned with ‘common nawtions of the praimary elements of reason,’ and the appearance of Robert in the district seemed to offer him at last a foeman worthy of his steel.

Dugald

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading One of them was the gas-fitter Charles Richards; another was the watchmaker Lestrange, who had originally challenged Robert to deliver himself; and the third was a tough old Scotchman of sixty with a philosophical turn, under whose spoutings of Hume and Locke, of Reid and Dugald Stewart, delivered in the shrillest of cracked voices, the Club had writhed many an impatient half-hour on debating nights.

elementsnounUS /ˈeləmənts/

violent or severe weather (viewed as caused by the action of the four elements)

From this reading He had an unexpected artistic gift, a kind of ‘sport’ as compared with the rest of his character, which made him a valued designer in the pottery works; but his real interests were speculative and argumentative, concerned with ‘common nawtions of the praimary elements of reason,’ and the appearance of Robert in the district seemed to offer him at last a foeman worthy of his steel.

Elsmere

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading A week later Elsmere was startled to find himself detained, after his story-telling, by a trio of workmen, asking on behalf of some thirty or forty members of the North R---- Club that he would give them a course of lectures on the New Testament.

exercisingnounUS /ˈeksərsaɪzɪŋ/

the activity of exerting your muscles in various ways to keep fit

From this reading Elsmere shrewdly suspected that the last two looked forward to any teaching he might give mostly as a new and favorable exercising ground for their own wits but he took the risk, gladly accepted the invitation, and fixed Sunday afternoons for a weekly New Testament lecture.

favorableadjectiveUS /ˈfeɪvərəbəl/

encouraging or approving or pleasing

From this reading Elsmere shrewdly suspected that the last two looked forward to any teaching he might give mostly as a new and favorable exercising ground for their own wits but he took the risk, gladly accepted the invitation, and fixed Sunday afternoons for a weekly New Testament lecture.

findverbUS /faɪnd/

come upon, as if by accident; meet with

From this reading A week later Elsmere was startled to find himself detained, after his story-telling, by a trio of workmen, asking on behalf of some thirty or forty members of the North R---- Club that he would give them a course of lectures on the New Testament.

firstadjectiveUS /fɜːrst/

preceding all others in time or space or degree

From this reading His first lecture, which he prepared with great care, was delivered to thirty-seven men a fortnight later.

fixedadjectiveUS /fɪkst/

(of a number) having a fixed and unchanging value

From this reading Elsmere shrewdly suspected that the last two looked forward to any teaching he might give mostly as a new and favorable exercising ground for their own wits but he took the risk, gladly accepted the invitation, and fixed Sunday afternoons for a weekly New Testament lecture.

foemannoun

an armed adversary (especially a member of an opposing military force)

From this reading He had an unexpected artistic gift, a kind of ‘sport’ as compared with the rest of his character, which made him a valued designer in the pottery works; but his real interests were speculative and argumentative, concerned with ‘common nawtions of the praimary elements of reason,’ and the appearance of Robert in the district seemed to offer him at last a foeman worthy of his steel.

forprepositionUS /fɔːr/

intended to be given to, or used by, somebody

From this reading Elsmere shrewdly suspected that the last two looked forward to any teaching he might give mostly as a new and favorable exercising ground for their own wits but he took the risk, gladly accepted the invitation, and fixed Sunday afternoons for a weekly New Testament lecture.

fortnightnounUS /ˈfɔːrtnaɪt/

a period of fourteen consecutive days

From this reading His first lecture, which he prepared with great care, was delivered to thirty-seven men a fortnight later.

fortyadjectiveUS /ˈfɔːrti/

being ten more than thirty

From this reading A week later Elsmere was startled to find himself detained, after his story-telling, by a trio of workmen, asking on behalf of some thirty or forty members of the North R---- Club that he would give them a course of lectures on the New Testament.

forwardadverbUS /ˈfɔːrwərd/

at or to or toward the front

From this reading Elsmere shrewdly suspected that the last two looked forward to any teaching he might give mostly as a new and favorable exercising ground for their own wits but he took the risk, gladly accepted the invitation, and fixed Sunday afternoons for a weekly New Testament lecture.

gas-fitter

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading One of them was the gas-fitter Charles Richards; another was the watchmaker Lestrange, who had originally challenged Robert to deliver himself; and the third was a tough old Scotchman of sixty with a philosophical turn, under whose spoutings of Hume and Locke, of Reid and Dugald Stewart, delivered in the shrillest of cracked voices, the Club had writhed many an impatient half-hour on debating nights.

giftnounUS /ɡɪft/

something acquired without compensation

From this reading He had an unexpected artistic gift, a kind of ‘sport’ as compared with the rest of his character, which made him a valued designer in the pottery works; but his real interests were speculative and argumentative, concerned with ‘common nawtions of the praimary elements of reason,’ and the appearance of Robert in the district seemed to offer him at last a foeman worthy of his steel.

giveverbUS /ɡɪv/

cause to have, in the abstract sense or physical sense

From this reading A week later Elsmere was startled to find himself detained, after his story-telling, by a trio of workmen, asking on behalf of some thirty or forty members of the North R---- Club that he would give them a course of lectures on the New Testament.

gladlyadverbUS /ˈɡlædli/

in a willing manner

From this reading Elsmere shrewdly suspected that the last two looked forward to any teaching he might give mostly as a new and favorable exercising ground for their own wits but he took the risk, gladly accepted the invitation, and fixed Sunday afternoons for a weekly New Testament lecture.

greatadjectiveUS /ɡreɪt/

relatively large in size or number or extent; larger than others of its kind

From this reading His first lecture, which he prepared with great care, was delivered to thirty-seven men a fortnight later.

groundnounUS /ɡraʊnd/

the solid part of the earth's surface

From this reading Elsmere shrewdly suspected that the last two looked forward to any teaching he might give mostly as a new and favorable exercising ground for their own wits but he took the risk, gladly accepted the invitation, and fixed Sunday afternoons for a weekly New Testament lecture.

hadauxiliary verbUS /hæd/

the past form of “have”, used to form the past perfect

From this reading One of them was the gas-fitter Charles Richards; another was the watchmaker Lestrange, who had originally challenged Robert to deliver himself; and the third was a tough old Scotchman of sixty with a philosophical turn, under whose spoutings of Hume and Locke, of Reid and Dugald Stewart, delivered in the shrillest of cracked voices, the Club had writhed many an impatient half-hour on debating nights.

half-hournounUS /ˈhæfaʊər/

a half of an hour

From this reading One of them was the gas-fitter Charles Richards; another was the watchmaker Lestrange, who had originally challenged Robert to deliver himself; and the third was a tough old Scotchman of sixty with a philosophical turn, under whose spoutings of Hume and Locke, of Reid and Dugald Stewart, delivered in the shrillest of cracked voices, the Club had writhed many an impatient half-hour on debating nights.

hepronounUS /hiː/

a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading A week later Elsmere was startled to find himself detained, after his story-telling, by a trio of workmen, asking on behalf of some thirty or forty members of the North R---- Club that he would give them a course of lectures on the New Testament.

himpronounUS /hɪm/

the male already mentioned, as the object of a verb or preposition

From this reading He had an unexpected artistic gift, a kind of ‘sport’ as compared with the rest of his character, which made him a valued designer in the pottery works; but his real interests were speculative and argumentative, concerned with ‘common nawtions of the praimary elements of reason,’ and the appearance of Robert in the district seemed to offer him at last a foeman worthy of his steel.

himselfpronounUS /hɪmˈself/

used when the man or boy doing the action is also its object

From this reading A week later Elsmere was startled to find himself detained, after his story-telling, by a trio of workmen, asking on behalf of some thirty or forty members of the North R---- Club that he would give them a course of lectures on the New Testament.

hisdeterminerUS /hɪz/

belonging to a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned

From this reading A week later Elsmere was startled to find himself detained, after his story-telling, by a trio of workmen, asking on behalf of some thirty or forty members of the North R---- Club that he would give them a course of lectures on the New Testament.

HumenounUS /hjuːm/

Scottish philosopher skeptical philosophy restricted human knowledge to that which can be perceived by the senses (1711-1776)

From this reading One of them was the gas-fitter Charles Richards; another was the watchmaker Lestrange, who had originally challenged Robert to deliver himself; and the third was a tough old Scotchman of sixty with a philosophical turn, under whose spoutings of Hume and Locke, of Reid and Dugald Stewart, delivered in the shrillest of cracked voices, the Club had writhed many an impatient half-hour on debating nights.

impatientadjectiveUS /ˌɪmˈpeɪʃənt/

restless or short-tempered under delay or opposition

From this reading One of them was the gas-fitter Charles Richards; another was the watchmaker Lestrange, who had originally challenged Robert to deliver himself; and the third was a tough old Scotchman of sixty with a philosophical turn, under whose spoutings of Hume and Locke, of Reid and Dugald Stewart, delivered in the shrillest of cracked voices, the Club had writhed many an impatient half-hour on debating nights.

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading One of them was the gas-fitter Charles Richards; another was the watchmaker Lestrange, who had originally challenged Robert to deliver himself; and the third was a tough old Scotchman of sixty with a philosophical turn, under whose spoutings of Hume and Locke, of Reid and Dugald Stewart, delivered in the shrillest of cracked voices, the Club had writhed many an impatient half-hour on debating nights.

interestsnounUS /ˈɪntrəsts/

plural of “interest” — a sense of concern with and curiosity about someone or something

From this reading He had an unexpected artistic gift, a kind of ‘sport’ as compared with the rest of his character, which made him a valued designer in the pottery works; but his real interests were speculative and argumentative, concerned with ‘common nawtions of the praimary elements of reason,’ and the appearance of Robert in the district seemed to offer him at last a foeman worthy of his steel.

invitationnounUS /ˌɪnvɪˈteɪʃən/

a request (spoken or written) to participate or be present or take part in something

From this reading Elsmere shrewdly suspected that the last two looked forward to any teaching he might give mostly as a new and favorable exercising ground for their own wits but he took the risk, gladly accepted the invitation, and fixed Sunday afternoons for a weekly New Testament lecture.

kindadjectiveUS /kaɪnd/

having or showing a tender and considerate and helpful nature; used especially of persons and their behavior

From this reading He had an unexpected artistic gift, a kind of ‘sport’ as compared with the rest of his character, which made him a valued designer in the pottery works; but his real interests were speculative and argumentative, concerned with ‘common nawtions of the praimary elements of reason,’ and the appearance of Robert in the district seemed to offer him at last a foeman worthy of his steel.

lastadjectiveUS /læst/

immediately past

From this reading He had an unexpected artistic gift, a kind of ‘sport’ as compared with the rest of his character, which made him a valued designer in the pottery works; but his real interests were speculative and argumentative, concerned with ‘common nawtions of the praimary elements of reason,’ and the appearance of Robert in the district seemed to offer him at last a foeman worthy of his steel.

lateradverbUS /ˈleɪtər/

happening at a time subsequent to a reference time

From this reading A week later Elsmere was startled to find himself detained, after his story-telling, by a trio of workmen, asking on behalf of some thirty or forty members of the North R---- Club that he would give them a course of lectures on the New Testament.

lectureverbUS /ˈlektʃər/

deliver a lecture or talk

From this reading Elsmere shrewdly suspected that the last two looked forward to any teaching he might give mostly as a new and favorable exercising ground for their own wits but he took the risk, gladly accepted the invitation, and fixed Sunday afternoons for a weekly New Testament lecture.

lecturesnounUS /ˈlektʃərz/

plural of “lecture” — a speech that is open to the public

From this reading A week later Elsmere was startled to find himself detained, after his story-telling, by a trio of workmen, asking on behalf of some thirty or forty members of the North R---- Club that he would give them a course of lectures on the New Testament.

Lestrange

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading One of them was the gas-fitter Charles Richards; another was the watchmaker Lestrange, who had originally challenged Robert to deliver himself; and the third was a tough old Scotchman of sixty with a philosophical turn, under whose spoutings of Hume and Locke, of Reid and Dugald Stewart, delivered in the shrillest of cracked voices, the Club had writhed many an impatient half-hour on debating nights.

LockenounUS /lɑːk/

English empiricist philosopher who believed that all knowledge is derived from sensory experience (1632-1704)

From this reading One of them was the gas-fitter Charles Richards; another was the watchmaker Lestrange, who had originally challenged Robert to deliver himself; and the third was a tough old Scotchman of sixty with a philosophical turn, under whose spoutings of Hume and Locke, of Reid and Dugald Stewart, delivered in the shrillest of cracked voices, the Club had writhed many an impatient half-hour on debating nights.

lookedverbUS /lʊkt/

past form of “look” — perceive with attention; direct one's gaze towards

From this reading Elsmere shrewdly suspected that the last two looked forward to any teaching he might give mostly as a new and favorable exercising ground for their own wits but he took the risk, gladly accepted the invitation, and fixed Sunday afternoons for a weekly New Testament lecture.

madeadjectiveUS /meɪd/

produced by a manufacturing process

From this reading He had an unexpected artistic gift, a kind of ‘sport’ as compared with the rest of his character, which made him a valued designer in the pottery works; but his real interests were speculative and argumentative, concerned with ‘common nawtions of the praimary elements of reason,’ and the appearance of Robert in the district seemed to offer him at last a foeman worthy of his steel.

manyadjectiveUS /ˈmeni/

a quantifier that can be used with count nouns and is often preceded by “as” or “too” or “so” or “that”; amounting to a large but indefinite number

From this reading One of them was the gas-fitter Charles Richards; another was the watchmaker Lestrange, who had originally challenged Robert to deliver himself; and the third was a tough old Scotchman of sixty with a philosophical turn, under whose spoutings of Hume and Locke, of Reid and Dugald Stewart, delivered in the shrillest of cracked voices, the Club had writhed many an impatient half-hour on debating nights.

membersnounUS /ˈmembərz/

plural of “member” — one of the persons who compose a social group (especially individuals who have joined and participate in a group organization)

From this reading A week later Elsmere was startled to find himself detained, after his story-telling, by a trio of workmen, asking on behalf of some thirty or forty members of the North R---- Club that he would give them a course of lectures on the New Testament.

mennounUS /men/

the force of workers available

From this reading His first lecture, which he prepared with great care, was delivered to thirty-seven men a fortnight later.

mightmodal verbUS /maɪt/

used to say something is possible but not certain

From this reading Elsmere shrewdly suspected that the last two looked forward to any teaching he might give mostly as a new and favorable exercising ground for their own wits but he took the risk, gladly accepted the invitation, and fixed Sunday afternoons for a weekly New Testament lecture.

mostlyadverbUS /ˈmoʊstli/

in large part; mainly or chiefly

From this reading Elsmere shrewdly suspected that the last two looked forward to any teaching he might give mostly as a new and favorable exercising ground for their own wits but he took the risk, gladly accepted the invitation, and fixed Sunday afternoons for a weekly New Testament lecture.

nawtions

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading He had an unexpected artistic gift, a kind of ‘sport’ as compared with the rest of his character, which made him a valued designer in the pottery works; but his real interests were speculative and argumentative, concerned with ‘common nawtions of the praimary elements of reason,’ and the appearance of Robert in the district seemed to offer him at last a foeman worthy of his steel.

NewadjectiveUS /nuː/

not of long duration; having just (or relatively recently) come into being or been made or acquired or discovered

From this reading A week later Elsmere was startled to find himself detained, after his story-telling, by a trio of workmen, asking on behalf of some thirty or forty members of the North R---- Club that he would give them a course of lectures on the New Testament.

nightsnounUS /naɪts/

Periods of darkness between sunset and sunrise.

From this reading One of them was the gas-fitter Charles Richards; another was the watchmaker Lestrange, who had originally challenged Robert to deliver himself; and the third was a tough old Scotchman of sixty with a philosophical turn, under whose spoutings of Hume and Locke, of Reid and Dugald Stewart, delivered in the shrillest of cracked voices, the Club had writhed many an impatient half-hour on debating nights.

NorthnounUS /nɔːrθ/

the region of the United States lying to the north of the Mason-Dixon line

From this reading A week later Elsmere was startled to find himself detained, after his story-telling, by a trio of workmen, asking on behalf of some thirty or forty members of the North R---- Club that he would give them a course of lectures on the New Testament.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading A week later Elsmere was startled to find himself detained, after his story-telling, by a trio of workmen, asking on behalf of some thirty or forty members of the North R---- Club that he would give them a course of lectures on the New Testament.

offerverbUS /ˈɔːfər/

make available or accessible, provide or furnish

From this reading He had an unexpected artistic gift, a kind of ‘sport’ as compared with the rest of his character, which made him a valued designer in the pottery works; but his real interests were speculative and argumentative, concerned with ‘common nawtions of the praimary elements of reason,’ and the appearance of Robert in the district seemed to offer him at last a foeman worthy of his steel.

oldadjectiveUS /oʊld/

(used especially of persons) having lived for a relatively long time or attained a specific age

From this reading One of them was the gas-fitter Charles Richards; another was the watchmaker Lestrange, who had originally challenged Robert to deliver himself; and the third was a tough old Scotchman of sixty with a philosophical turn, under whose spoutings of Hume and Locke, of Reid and Dugald Stewart, delivered in the shrillest of cracked voices, the Club had writhed many an impatient half-hour on debating nights.

onprepositionUS /ɑːn/

touching and supported by a surface

From this reading A week later Elsmere was startled to find himself detained, after his story-telling, by a trio of workmen, asking on behalf of some thirty or forty members of the North R---- Club that he would give them a course of lectures on the New Testament.

OnepronounUS /wʌn/

used to mean any person in general, including the speaker

From this reading One of them was the gas-fitter Charles Richards; another was the watchmaker Lestrange, who had originally challenged Robert to deliver himself; and the third was a tough old Scotchman of sixty with a philosophical turn, under whose spoutings of Hume and Locke, of Reid and Dugald Stewart, delivered in the shrillest of cracked voices, the Club had writhed many an impatient half-hour on debating nights.

orconjunctionUS /ɔːr/

used to join alternatives or possibilities

From this reading A week later Elsmere was startled to find himself detained, after his story-telling, by a trio of workmen, asking on behalf of some thirty or forty members of the North R---- Club that he would give them a course of lectures on the New Testament.

originallyadverbUS /ərˈɪdʒənəli/

in an original manner

From this reading One of them was the gas-fitter Charles Richards; another was the watchmaker Lestrange, who had originally challenged Robert to deliver himself; and the third was a tough old Scotchman of sixty with a philosophical turn, under whose spoutings of Hume and Locke, of Reid and Dugald Stewart, delivered in the shrillest of cracked voices, the Club had writhed many an impatient half-hour on debating nights.

ownverbUS /oʊn/

have ownership or possession of

From this reading Elsmere shrewdly suspected that the last two looked forward to any teaching he might give mostly as a new and favorable exercising ground for their own wits but he took the risk, gladly accepted the invitation, and fixed Sunday afternoons for a weekly New Testament lecture.

philosophicaladjectiveUS /ˌfɪləˈsɑːfɪkəl/

of or relating to philosophy or philosophers

From this reading One of them was the gas-fitter Charles Richards; another was the watchmaker Lestrange, who had originally challenged Robert to deliver himself; and the third was a tough old Scotchman of sixty with a philosophical turn, under whose spoutings of Hume and Locke, of Reid and Dugald Stewart, delivered in the shrillest of cracked voices, the Club had writhed many an impatient half-hour on debating nights.

potterynounUS /ˈpɑːtəri/

ceramic ware made from clay and baked in a kiln

From this reading He had an unexpected artistic gift, a kind of ‘sport’ as compared with the rest of his character, which made him a valued designer in the pottery works; but his real interests were speculative and argumentative, concerned with ‘common nawtions of the praimary elements of reason,’ and the appearance of Robert in the district seemed to offer him at last a foeman worthy of his steel.

praimary

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading He had an unexpected artistic gift, a kind of ‘sport’ as compared with the rest of his character, which made him a valued designer in the pottery works; but his real interests were speculative and argumentative, concerned with ‘common nawtions of the praimary elements of reason,’ and the appearance of Robert in the district seemed to offer him at last a foeman worthy of his steel.

preparedadjectiveUS /priˈperd/

made ready or fit or suitable beforehand

From this reading His first lecture, which he prepared with great care, was delivered to thirty-seven men a fortnight later.

RnounUS /ɑːr/

a unit of radiation exposure; the dose of ionizing radiation that will produce 1 electrostatic unit of electricity in 1 cc of dry air

From this reading A week later Elsmere was startled to find himself detained, after his story-telling, by a trio of workmen, asking on behalf of some thirty or forty members of the North R---- Club that he would give them a course of lectures on the New Testament.

realadjectiveUS /riːl/

being or occurring in fact or actuality; having verified existence; not illusory

From this reading He had an unexpected artistic gift, a kind of ‘sport’ as compared with the rest of his character, which made him a valued designer in the pottery works; but his real interests were speculative and argumentative, concerned with ‘common nawtions of the praimary elements of reason,’ and the appearance of Robert in the district seemed to offer him at last a foeman worthy of his steel.

reasonnounUS /ˈriːzən/

a rational motive for a belief or action

From this reading He had an unexpected artistic gift, a kind of ‘sport’ as compared with the rest of his character, which made him a valued designer in the pottery works; but his real interests were speculative and argumentative, concerned with ‘common nawtions of the praimary elements of reason,’ and the appearance of Robert in the district seemed to offer him at last a foeman worthy of his steel.

ReidnounUS /riːd/

Scottish philosopher of common sense who opposed the ideas of David Hume (1710-1796)

From this reading One of them was the gas-fitter Charles Richards; another was the watchmaker Lestrange, who had originally challenged Robert to deliver himself; and the third was a tough old Scotchman of sixty with a philosophical turn, under whose spoutings of Hume and Locke, of Reid and Dugald Stewart, delivered in the shrillest of cracked voices, the Club had writhed many an impatient half-hour on debating nights.

restverbUS /rest/

not move; be in a resting position

From this reading He had an unexpected artistic gift, a kind of ‘sport’ as compared with the rest of his character, which made him a valued designer in the pottery works; but his real interests were speculative and argumentative, concerned with ‘common nawtions of the praimary elements of reason,’ and the appearance of Robert in the district seemed to offer him at last a foeman worthy of his steel.

RichardsnounUS /ˈrɪtʃərdz/

English literary critic who collaborated with C. K. Ogden and contributed to the development of Basic English (1893-1979)

From this reading One of them was the gas-fitter Charles Richards; another was the watchmaker Lestrange, who had originally challenged Robert to deliver himself; and the third was a tough old Scotchman of sixty with a philosophical turn, under whose spoutings of Hume and Locke, of Reid and Dugald Stewart, delivered in the shrillest of cracked voices, the Club had writhed many an impatient half-hour on debating nights.

risknounUS /rɪsk/

a source of danger; a possibility of incurring loss or misfortune

From this reading Elsmere shrewdly suspected that the last two looked forward to any teaching he might give mostly as a new and favorable exercising ground for their own wits but he took the risk, gladly accepted the invitation, and fixed Sunday afternoons for a weekly New Testament lecture.

RobertnounUS /ˈrɑːbərt/

United States parliamentary authority and author (in 1876) of Robert's Rules of Order (1837-1923)

From this reading One of them was the gas-fitter Charles Richards; another was the watchmaker Lestrange, who had originally challenged Robert to deliver himself; and the third was a tough old Scotchman of sixty with a philosophical turn, under whose spoutings of Hume and Locke, of Reid and Dugald Stewart, delivered in the shrillest of cracked voices, the Club had writhed many an impatient half-hour on debating nights.

Scotchmannoun

a native or inhabitant of Scotland

From this reading One of them was the gas-fitter Charles Richards; another was the watchmaker Lestrange, who had originally challenged Robert to deliver himself; and the third was a tough old Scotchman of sixty with a philosophical turn, under whose spoutings of Hume and Locke, of Reid and Dugald Stewart, delivered in the shrillest of cracked voices, the Club had writhed many an impatient half-hour on debating nights.

seemedverbUS /siːmd/

past form of “seem” — give a certain impression or have a certain outward aspect

From this reading He had an unexpected artistic gift, a kind of ‘sport’ as compared with the rest of his character, which made him a valued designer in the pottery works; but his real interests were speculative and argumentative, concerned with ‘common nawtions of the praimary elements of reason,’ and the appearance of Robert in the district seemed to offer him at last a foeman worthy of his steel.

shrewdlyadverbUS /ˈʃruːdli/

in a shrewd manner

From this reading Elsmere shrewdly suspected that the last two looked forward to any teaching he might give mostly as a new and favorable exercising ground for their own wits but he took the risk, gladly accepted the invitation, and fixed Sunday afternoons for a weekly New Testament lecture.

shrillest

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading One of them was the gas-fitter Charles Richards; another was the watchmaker Lestrange, who had originally challenged Robert to deliver himself; and the third was a tough old Scotchman of sixty with a philosophical turn, under whose spoutings of Hume and Locke, of Reid and Dugald Stewart, delivered in the shrillest of cracked voices, the Club had writhed many an impatient half-hour on debating nights.

sixtyadjectiveUS /ˈsɪksti/

being ten more than fifty

From this reading One of them was the gas-fitter Charles Richards; another was the watchmaker Lestrange, who had originally challenged Robert to deliver himself; and the third was a tough old Scotchman of sixty with a philosophical turn, under whose spoutings of Hume and Locke, of Reid and Dugald Stewart, delivered in the shrillest of cracked voices, the Club had writhed many an impatient half-hour on debating nights.

someadjectiveUS /sʌm/

(quantifier) used with either mass nouns or plural count nouns to indicate an unspecified number or quantity

From this reading A week later Elsmere was startled to find himself detained, after his story-telling, by a trio of workmen, asking on behalf of some thirty or forty members of the North R---- Club that he would give them a course of lectures on the New Testament.

speculativeadjectiveUS /ˈspekjələtɪv/

not financially safe or secure

From this reading He had an unexpected artistic gift, a kind of ‘sport’ as compared with the rest of his character, which made him a valued designer in the pottery works; but his real interests were speculative and argumentative, concerned with ‘common nawtions of the praimary elements of reason,’ and the appearance of Robert in the district seemed to offer him at last a foeman worthy of his steel.

sportnounUS /spɔːrt/

an active diversion requiring physical exertion and competition

From this reading He had an unexpected artistic gift, a kind of ‘sport’ as compared with the rest of his character, which made him a valued designer in the pottery works; but his real interests were speculative and argumentative, concerned with ‘common nawtions of the praimary elements of reason,’ and the appearance of Robert in the district seemed to offer him at last a foeman worthy of his steel.

spoutings

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading One of them was the gas-fitter Charles Richards; another was the watchmaker Lestrange, who had originally challenged Robert to deliver himself; and the third was a tough old Scotchman of sixty with a philosophical turn, under whose spoutings of Hume and Locke, of Reid and Dugald Stewart, delivered in the shrillest of cracked voices, the Club had writhed many an impatient half-hour on debating nights.

startledadjectiveUS /ˈstɑːrtəld/

excited by sudden surprise or alarm and making a quick involuntary movement

From this reading A week later Elsmere was startled to find himself detained, after his story-telling, by a trio of workmen, asking on behalf of some thirty or forty members of the North R---- Club that he would give them a course of lectures on the New Testament.

steelnounUS /stiːl/

an alloy of iron with small amounts of carbon; widely used in construction; mechanical properties can be varied over a wide range

From this reading He had an unexpected artistic gift, a kind of ‘sport’ as compared with the rest of his character, which made him a valued designer in the pottery works; but his real interests were speculative and argumentative, concerned with ‘common nawtions of the praimary elements of reason,’ and the appearance of Robert in the district seemed to offer him at last a foeman worthy of his steel.

StewartnounUS /ˈstuːərt/

United States film actor who portrayed incorruptible but modest heros (1908-1997)

From this reading One of them was the gas-fitter Charles Richards; another was the watchmaker Lestrange, who had originally challenged Robert to deliver himself; and the third was a tough old Scotchman of sixty with a philosophical turn, under whose spoutings of Hume and Locke, of Reid and Dugald Stewart, delivered in the shrillest of cracked voices, the Club had writhed many an impatient half-hour on debating nights.

story-telling

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading A week later Elsmere was startled to find himself detained, after his story-telling, by a trio of workmen, asking on behalf of some thirty or forty members of the North R---- Club that he would give them a course of lectures on the New Testament.

SundaynounUS /ˈsʌndeɪ/

first day of the week; observed as a day of rest and worship by most Christians

From this reading Elsmere shrewdly suspected that the last two looked forward to any teaching he might give mostly as a new and favorable exercising ground for their own wits but he took the risk, gladly accepted the invitation, and fixed Sunday afternoons for a weekly New Testament lecture.

suspectedadjectiveUS /səˈspektɪd/

believed likely

From this reading Elsmere shrewdly suspected that the last two looked forward to any teaching he might give mostly as a new and favorable exercising ground for their own wits but he took the risk, gladly accepted the invitation, and fixed Sunday afternoons for a weekly New Testament lecture.

teachingnounUS /ˈtiːtʃɪŋ/

the profession of a teacher

From this reading Elsmere shrewdly suspected that the last two looked forward to any teaching he might give mostly as a new and favorable exercising ground for their own wits but he took the risk, gladly accepted the invitation, and fixed Sunday afternoons for a weekly New Testament lecture.

TestamentnounUS /ˈtestəmənt/

a profession of belief

From this reading A week later Elsmere was startled to find himself detained, after his story-telling, by a trio of workmen, asking on behalf of some thirty or forty members of the North R---- Club that he would give them a course of lectures on the New Testament.

thatconjunctionUS /ðæt/

used to introduce what somebody said, thought, or felt

From this reading A week later Elsmere was startled to find himself detained, after his story-telling, by a trio of workmen, asking on behalf of some thirty or forty members of the North R---- Club that he would give them a course of lectures on the New Testament.

thedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading A week later Elsmere was startled to find himself detained, after his story-telling, by a trio of workmen, asking on behalf of some thirty or forty members of the North R---- Club that he would give them a course of lectures on the New Testament.

theirdeterminerUS /ðer/

belonging to the people or things already mentioned

From this reading Elsmere shrewdly suspected that the last two looked forward to any teaching he might give mostly as a new and favorable exercising ground for their own wits but he took the risk, gladly accepted the invitation, and fixed Sunday afternoons for a weekly New Testament lecture.

thempronounUS /ðem/

the people or things already mentioned, as the object

From this reading A week later Elsmere was startled to find himself detained, after his story-telling, by a trio of workmen, asking on behalf of some thirty or forty members of the North R---- Club that he would give them a course of lectures on the New Testament.

thirdnounUS /θɜːrd/

one of three equal parts of a divisible whole

From this reading One of them was the gas-fitter Charles Richards; another was the watchmaker Lestrange, who had originally challenged Robert to deliver himself; and the third was a tough old Scotchman of sixty with a philosophical turn, under whose spoutings of Hume and Locke, of Reid and Dugald Stewart, delivered in the shrillest of cracked voices, the Club had writhed many an impatient half-hour on debating nights.

thirtynounUS /ˈθɜːrdiː/

the cardinal number that is the product of ten and three

From this reading A week later Elsmere was startled to find himself detained, after his story-telling, by a trio of workmen, asking on behalf of some thirty or forty members of the North R---- Club that he would give them a course of lectures on the New Testament.

thirty-sevenadjective

being seven more than thirty

From this reading His first lecture, which he prepared with great care, was delivered to thirty-seven men a fortnight later.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading A week later Elsmere was startled to find himself detained, after his story-telling, by a trio of workmen, asking on behalf of some thirty or forty members of the North R---- Club that he would give them a course of lectures on the New Testament.

tookverbUS /tʊk/

inflected form of “take” — carry out

From this reading Elsmere shrewdly suspected that the last two looked forward to any teaching he might give mostly as a new and favorable exercising ground for their own wits but he took the risk, gladly accepted the invitation, and fixed Sunday afternoons for a weekly New Testament lecture.

toughadjectiveUS /tʌf/

not given to gentleness or sentimentality

From this reading One of them was the gas-fitter Charles Richards; another was the watchmaker Lestrange, who had originally challenged Robert to deliver himself; and the third was a tough old Scotchman of sixty with a philosophical turn, under whose spoutings of Hume and Locke, of Reid and Dugald Stewart, delivered in the shrillest of cracked voices, the Club had writhed many an impatient half-hour on debating nights.

trionounUS /ˈtriːoʊ/

the cardinal number that is the sum of one and one and one

From this reading A week later Elsmere was startled to find himself detained, after his story-telling, by a trio of workmen, asking on behalf of some thirty or forty members of the North R---- Club that he would give them a course of lectures on the New Testament.

turnverbUS /tɜːrn/

change orientation or direction, also in the abstract sense

From this reading One of them was the gas-fitter Charles Richards; another was the watchmaker Lestrange, who had originally challenged Robert to deliver himself; and the third was a tough old Scotchman of sixty with a philosophical turn, under whose spoutings of Hume and Locke, of Reid and Dugald Stewart, delivered in the shrillest of cracked voices, the Club had writhed many an impatient half-hour on debating nights.

twonounUS /tuː/

the cardinal number that is the sum of one and one or a numeral representing this number

From this reading Elsmere shrewdly suspected that the last two looked forward to any teaching he might give mostly as a new and favorable exercising ground for their own wits but he took the risk, gladly accepted the invitation, and fixed Sunday afternoons for a weekly New Testament lecture.

underprepositionUS /ˈʌndər/

below or beneath something; less than

From this reading One of them was the gas-fitter Charles Richards; another was the watchmaker Lestrange, who had originally challenged Robert to deliver himself; and the third was a tough old Scotchman of sixty with a philosophical turn, under whose spoutings of Hume and Locke, of Reid and Dugald Stewart, delivered in the shrillest of cracked voices, the Club had writhed many an impatient half-hour on debating nights.

unexpectedadjectiveUS /ˌʌnɪkˈspektɪd/

not expected or anticipated

From this reading He had an unexpected artistic gift, a kind of ‘sport’ as compared with the rest of his character, which made him a valued designer in the pottery works; but his real interests were speculative and argumentative, concerned with ‘common nawtions of the praimary elements of reason,’ and the appearance of Robert in the district seemed to offer him at last a foeman worthy of his steel.

valuedadjectiveUS /ˈvæljuːd/

(usually used in combination) having value of a specified kind

From this reading He had an unexpected artistic gift, a kind of ‘sport’ as compared with the rest of his character, which made him a valued designer in the pottery works; but his real interests were speculative and argumentative, concerned with ‘common nawtions of the praimary elements of reason,’ and the appearance of Robert in the district seemed to offer him at last a foeman worthy of his steel.

voicesnounUS /ˈvɔɪsəz/

plural of “voice” — the distinctive quality or pitch or condition of a person's speech

From this reading One of them was the gas-fitter Charles Richards; another was the watchmaker Lestrange, who had originally challenged Robert to deliver himself; and the third was a tough old Scotchman of sixty with a philosophical turn, under whose spoutings of Hume and Locke, of Reid and Dugald Stewart, delivered in the shrillest of cracked voices, the Club had writhed many an impatient half-hour on debating nights.

wasauxiliary verbUS /wɑːz/

the past form of “be” used with I, he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading A week later Elsmere was startled to find himself detained, after his story-telling, by a trio of workmen, asking on behalf of some thirty or forty members of the North R---- Club that he would give them a course of lectures on the New Testament.

watchmakernoun

someone who makes or repairs watches

From this reading One of them was the gas-fitter Charles Richards; another was the watchmaker Lestrange, who had originally challenged Robert to deliver himself; and the third was a tough old Scotchman of sixty with a philosophical turn, under whose spoutings of Hume and Locke, of Reid and Dugald Stewart, delivered in the shrillest of cracked voices, the Club had writhed many an impatient half-hour on debating nights.

weeknounUS /wiːk/

any period of seven consecutive days

From this reading A week later Elsmere was startled to find himself detained, after his story-telling, by a trio of workmen, asking on behalf of some thirty or forty members of the North R---- Club that he would give them a course of lectures on the New Testament.

weeklynounUS /ˈwiːkli/

a periodical that is published every week (or 52 issues per year)

From this reading Elsmere shrewdly suspected that the last two looked forward to any teaching he might give mostly as a new and favorable exercising ground for their own wits but he took the risk, gladly accepted the invitation, and fixed Sunday afternoons for a weekly New Testament lecture.

wereauxiliary verbUS /wɜːr/

the past form of “be” used with you, we, they, or a plural noun

From this reading He had an unexpected artistic gift, a kind of ‘sport’ as compared with the rest of his character, which made him a valued designer in the pottery works; but his real interests were speculative and argumentative, concerned with ‘common nawtions of the praimary elements of reason,’ and the appearance of Robert in the district seemed to offer him at last a foeman worthy of his steel.

whichpronounUS /wɪtʃ/

used to introduce a clause giving more about a thing just mentioned

From this reading He had an unexpected artistic gift, a kind of ‘sport’ as compared with the rest of his character, which made him a valued designer in the pottery works; but his real interests were speculative and argumentative, concerned with ‘common nawtions of the praimary elements of reason,’ and the appearance of Robert in the district seemed to offer him at last a foeman worthy of his steel.

whopronounUS /huː/

which person or people

From this reading One of them was the gas-fitter Charles Richards; another was the watchmaker Lestrange, who had originally challenged Robert to deliver himself; and the third was a tough old Scotchman of sixty with a philosophical turn, under whose spoutings of Hume and Locke, of Reid and Dugald Stewart, delivered in the shrillest of cracked voices, the Club had writhed many an impatient half-hour on debating nights.

whosedeterminerUS /huːz/

belonging to which person

From this reading One of them was the gas-fitter Charles Richards; another was the watchmaker Lestrange, who had originally challenged Robert to deliver himself; and the third was a tough old Scotchman of sixty with a philosophical turn, under whose spoutings of Hume and Locke, of Reid and Dugald Stewart, delivered in the shrillest of cracked voices, the Club had writhed many an impatient half-hour on debating nights.

withprepositionUS /wɪð/

in the company of; together with

From this reading One of them was the gas-fitter Charles Richards; another was the watchmaker Lestrange, who had originally challenged Robert to deliver himself; and the third was a tough old Scotchman of sixty with a philosophical turn, under whose spoutings of Hume and Locke, of Reid and Dugald Stewart, delivered in the shrillest of cracked voices, the Club had writhed many an impatient half-hour on debating nights.

witsnounUS /wɪts/

the basic human power of intelligent thought and perception

From this reading Elsmere shrewdly suspected that the last two looked forward to any teaching he might give mostly as a new and favorable exercising ground for their own wits but he took the risk, gladly accepted the invitation, and fixed Sunday afternoons for a weekly New Testament lecture.

workmennounUS /ˈwɜːrkmɪn/

plural of “workman” — an employee who performs manual or industrial labor

From this reading A week later Elsmere was startled to find himself detained, after his story-telling, by a trio of workmen, asking on behalf of some thirty or forty members of the North R---- Club that he would give them a course of lectures on the New Testament.

worksnounUS /wɜːrks/

buildings for carrying on industrial labor

From this reading He had an unexpected artistic gift, a kind of ‘sport’ as compared with the rest of his character, which made him a valued designer in the pottery works; but his real interests were speculative and argumentative, concerned with ‘common nawtions of the praimary elements of reason,’ and the appearance of Robert in the district seemed to offer him at last a foeman worthy of his steel.

worthyadjectiveUS /ˈwɜːr.ði/

Having or showing the qualities or abilities that merit recognition in character or magic.

From this reading He had an unexpected artistic gift, a kind of ‘sport’ as compared with the rest of his character, which made him a valued designer in the pottery works; but his real interests were speculative and argumentative, concerned with ‘common nawtions of the praimary elements of reason,’ and the appearance of Robert in the district seemed to offer him at last a foeman worthy of his steel.

wouldmodal verbUS /wʊd/

used for something imagined, polite, or habitual in the past

From this reading A week later Elsmere was startled to find himself detained, after his story-telling, by a trio of workmen, asking on behalf of some thirty or forty members of the North R---- Club that he would give them a course of lectures on the New Testament.

writhedadjectiveUS /rɪθd/

twisted (especially as in pain or struggle)

From this reading One of them was the gas-fitter Charles Richards; another was the watchmaker Lestrange, who had originally challenged Robert to deliver himself; and the third was a tough old Scotchman of sixty with a philosophical turn, under whose spoutings of Hume and Locke, of Reid and Dugald Stewart, delivered in the shrillest of cracked voices, the Club had writhed many an impatient half-hour on debating nights.

Chapter 32 of Robert Elsmere by Humphry, Mrs. Ward holds 199 sentences, grouped into 40 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 32 of Robert Elsmere contain?

Chapter 32 holds 199 sentences of Robert Elsmere, unabridged, divided into 40 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 32 of Robert Elsmere by Humphry, Mrs. Ward exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 199 sentences, grouped into 40 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 32 of Robert Elsmere?

Work through the 40 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 40 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 32 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 32 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading Robert Elsmere

Common questions about reading Robert Elsmere by Humphry, Mrs. Ward on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of Robert Elsmere?

Yes. All 14907 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #8737 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of Robert Elsmere is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #8737, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does Robert Elsmere take to read?

About 600 minutes of reading across 2982 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

How to read Robert Elsmere section by section

How to work through Robert Elsmere section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.

  1. Open a chapter

    Choose one of the 40 chapters of Robert Elsmere to begin.

  2. Read one section

    Each section holds 5 sentences; read it once through.

  3. Listen and tap

    Play the section aloud, then tap any unfamiliar word for its entry.

Vocabulary met early in Robert Elsmere

Words and structures a reader meets early in Robert Elsmere, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Brilliant
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Robert Elsmere; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Afternoon
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Robert Elsmere; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Toward
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Robert Elsmere; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Spring
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Robert Elsmere; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.