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Robespierre
Robespierre

Chapter IX

Chapter 9 of Robespierre is here in full — 558 sentences across 112 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

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Context Illustration Reading 1/111 · 5 lines
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AN EVENING AT THE DUPLAYS' Robespierre slowly descended the altar steps with a preoccupied air, for that last desperate cry of Olivier had struck its mark.
However self-possessed he might be, he had felt the blow acutely.
That voice, full of hatred and revenge, had risen from the crowd he thought entirely at one with him!
In their very applause at that moment the people were protesting against an insult coming from their ranks!
They were driven to defend him, when he had dreamt that the populace would receive him with instant and unanimous enthusiasm, insuring to him for ever the esteem of France!
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LEARNER DICTIONARY
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Robespierre

Chapter IX

Chapter 9 of Robespierre is here in full — 558 sentences across 112 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/111 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
AN EVENING AT THE DUPLAYS' Robespierre slowly descended the altar steps with a preoccupied air, for that last desperate cry of Olivier had struck its mark.
Line 2
However self-possessed he might be, he had felt the blow acutely.
Line 3
That voice, full of hatred and revenge, had risen from the crowd he thought entirely at one with him!
/ðæt vɔɪs fʊl ʌv ˈheɪtrəd ənd riˈvendʒ hæd ˈrɪzən frʌm ðə kraʊd hiː θɔːt ɪnˈtaɪərli æt wʌn wɪð hɪm/
Line 4
In their very applause at that moment the people were protesting against an insult coming from their ranks!
/ɪn ðer ˈveri əˈplɔːz æt ðæt ˈmoʊmənt ðə ˈpiːpəl wɜːr prəˈtestɪŋ əˈɡenst æn ˌɪnˈsʌlt ˈkʌmɪŋ frʌm ðer ræŋks/
Line 5
They were driven to defend him, when he had dreamt that the populace would receive him with instant and unanimous enthusiasm, insuring to him for ever the esteem of France!
/ðeɪ wɜːr ˈdrɪvən tuː dɪˈfend hɪm wen hiː hæd drɛmt ðæt ðə ˈpɑːpjələs wʊd rəˈsiːv hɪm wɪð ˈɪnstənt ənd juːˈnænəməs ɪnˈθuːziæzəm ˌɪnˈʃʊrɪŋ tuː hɪm fɔːr ˈevər ðə əˈstiːm ʌv fræns/

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

acutely adverb US /əˈkjuːtli/

in a keen or penetrating way

From this reading “However self-possessed he might be, he had felt the blow acutely.”

dreamt verb US /drɛmt/

Experienced dreams during sleep.

From this reading “They were driven to defend him, when he had dreamt that the populace would receive him with instant and unanimous enthusiasm, insuring to him for ever the esteem of France!”

insuring verb US /ˌɪnˈʃʊrɪŋ/

-ing form of “insure” — be careful or certain to do something; make certain of something

From this reading “They were driven to defend him, when he had dreamt that the populace would receive him with instant and unanimous enthusiasm, insuring to him for ever the esteem of France!”

Olivier noun US /ˌoʊˈlɪviːeɪ/

English actor best know for his Shakespearean roles (1907-1989)

From this reading “AN EVENING AT THE DUPLAYS' Robespierre slowly descended the altar steps with a preoccupied air, for that last desperate cry of Olivier had struck its mark.”

populace noun US /ˈpɑːpjələs/

people in general considered as a whole

From this reading “They were driven to defend him, when he had dreamt that the populace would receive him with instant and unanimous enthusiasm, insuring to him for ever the esteem of France!”

preoccupied adjective US /priˈɑːkjəpaɪd/

deeply absorbed in thought

From this reading “AN EVENING AT THE DUPLAYS' Robespierre slowly descended the altar steps with a preoccupied air, for that last desperate cry of Olivier had struck its mark.”

protesting verb US /prəˈtestɪŋ/

-ing form of “protest” — utter words of protest

From this reading “In their very applause at that moment the people were protesting against an insult coming from their ranks!”

unanimous adjective US /juːˈnænəməs/

in complete agreement

From this reading “They were driven to defend him, when he had dreamt that the populace would receive him with instant and unanimous enthusiasm, insuring to him for ever the esteem of France!”

Word partnerships in these lines

English keeps certain words together, and knowing the pair is worth more than knowing each word alone. Every partnership below was counted across our whole published library, and earns its place by appearing far more often than two unrelated words of the same frequency would.

Shown as this reading writes them, with the form the library counts, what kind of pairing it is, and how often it occurs.

altar steps noun + noun

In this reading “AN EVENING AT THE DUPLAYS' Robespierre slowly descended the altar steps with a preoccupied air, for that last desperate cry of Olivier had struck its mark.”

for ever preposition + adverb

In this reading “They were driven to defend him, when he had dreamt that the populace would receive him with instant and unanimous enthusiasm, insuring to him for ever the esteem of France!”

All words in this reading · 73

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading AN EVENING AT THE DUPLAYS' Robespierre slowly descended the altar steps with a preoccupied air, for that last desperate cry of Olivier had struck its mark.

acutelyadverbUS /əˈkjuːtli/

in a keen or penetrating way

From this reading However self-possessed he might be, he had felt the blow acutely.

againstprepositionUS /əˈɡenst/

touching and pressing; in opposition to

From this reading In their very applause at that moment the people were protesting against an insult coming from their ranks!

airnounUS /er/

a mixture of gases (especially oxygen) required for breathing; the stuff that the wind consists of

From this reading AN EVENING AT THE DUPLAYS' Robespierre slowly descended the altar steps with a preoccupied air, for that last desperate cry of Olivier had struck its mark.

altarnounUS /ˈɔːltər/

the table in Christian churches where communion is given

From this reading AN EVENING AT THE DUPLAYS' Robespierre slowly descended the altar steps with a preoccupied air, for that last desperate cry of Olivier had struck its mark.

ANdeterminerUS /æn/

the form of “a” used before a word that begins with a vowel sound

From this reading AN EVENING AT THE DUPLAYS' Robespierre slowly descended the altar steps with a preoccupied air, for that last desperate cry of Olivier had struck its mark.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading That voice, full of hatred and revenge, had risen from the crowd he thought entirely at one with him!

applausenounUS /əˈplɔːz/

a demonstration of approval by clapping the hands together

From this reading In their very applause at that moment the people were protesting against an insult coming from their ranks!

ATprepositionUS /æt/

in or near a particular place or position

From this reading AN EVENING AT THE DUPLAYS' Robespierre slowly descended the altar steps with a preoccupied air, for that last desperate cry of Olivier had struck its mark.

beauxiliary verbUS /biː/

used with a past participle to form the passive, or with -ing for continuous tenses

From this reading However self-possessed he might be, he had felt the blow acutely.

blowverbUS /bloʊ/

exhale hard

From this reading However self-possessed he might be, he had felt the blow acutely.

comingnounUS /ˈkʌmɪŋ/

the act of drawing spatially closer to something

From this reading In their very applause at that moment the people were protesting against an insult coming from their ranks!

crowdverbUS /kraʊd/

cause to herd, drive, or crowd together

From this reading That voice, full of hatred and revenge, had risen from the crowd he thought entirely at one with him!

cryverbUS /kraɪ/

utter a sudden loud cry

From this reading AN EVENING AT THE DUPLAYS' Robespierre slowly descended the altar steps with a preoccupied air, for that last desperate cry of Olivier had struck its mark.

defendverbUS /dɪˈfend/

argue or speak in defense of

From this reading They were driven to defend him, when he had dreamt that the populace would receive him with instant and unanimous enthusiasm, insuring to him for ever the esteem of France!

descendedverbUS /dɪˈsendəd/

past form of “descend” — move downward and lower, but not necessarily all the way

From this reading AN EVENING AT THE DUPLAYS' Robespierre slowly descended the altar steps with a preoccupied air, for that last desperate cry of Olivier had struck its mark.

desperateadjectiveUS /ˈdesprɪt/

arising from or marked by despair or loss of hope

From this reading AN EVENING AT THE DUPLAYS' Robespierre slowly descended the altar steps with a preoccupied air, for that last desperate cry of Olivier had struck its mark.

dreamtverbUS /drɛmt/

Experienced dreams during sleep.

From this reading They were driven to defend him, when he had dreamt that the populace would receive him with instant and unanimous enthusiasm, insuring to him for ever the esteem of France!

drivenadjectiveUS /ˈdrɪvən/

compelled forcibly by an outside agency

From this reading They were driven to defend him, when he had dreamt that the populace would receive him with instant and unanimous enthusiasm, insuring to him for ever the esteem of France!

DUPLAYS

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading AN EVENING AT THE DUPLAYS' Robespierre slowly descended the altar steps with a preoccupied air, for that last desperate cry of Olivier had struck its mark.

enthusiasmnounUS /ɪnˈθuːziæzəm/

a feeling of excitement

From this reading They were driven to defend him, when he had dreamt that the populace would receive him with instant and unanimous enthusiasm, insuring to him for ever the esteem of France!

entirelyadverbUS /ɪnˈtaɪərli/

to a complete degree or to the full or entire extent (“whole” is often used informally for “wholly”)

From this reading That voice, full of hatred and revenge, had risen from the crowd he thought entirely at one with him!

esteemnounUS /əˈstiːm/

the condition of being honored (esteemed or respected or well regarded)

From this reading They were driven to defend him, when he had dreamt that the populace would receive him with instant and unanimous enthusiasm, insuring to him for ever the esteem of France!

EVENINGnounUS /ˈiːvnɪŋ/

the latter part of the day (the period of decreasing daylight from late afternoon until nightfall)

From this reading AN EVENING AT THE DUPLAYS' Robespierre slowly descended the altar steps with a preoccupied air, for that last desperate cry of Olivier had struck its mark.

everadverbUS /ˈevər/

at any time

From this reading They were driven to defend him, when he had dreamt that the populace would receive him with instant and unanimous enthusiasm, insuring to him for ever the esteem of France!

feltverbUS /felt/

mat together and make felt-like

From this reading However self-possessed he might be, he had felt the blow acutely.

forprepositionUS /fɔːr/

intended to be given to, or used by, somebody

From this reading AN EVENING AT THE DUPLAYS' Robespierre slowly descended the altar steps with a preoccupied air, for that last desperate cry of Olivier had struck its mark.

FrancenounUS /fræns/

a republic in western Europe; the largest country wholly in Europe

From this reading They were driven to defend him, when he had dreamt that the populace would receive him with instant and unanimous enthusiasm, insuring to him for ever the esteem of France!

fromprepositionUS /frʌm/

showing where something starts, or who sent it

From this reading That voice, full of hatred and revenge, had risen from the crowd he thought entirely at one with him!

fulladjectiveUS /fʊl/

containing as much or as many as is possible or normal

From this reading That voice, full of hatred and revenge, had risen from the crowd he thought entirely at one with him!

hadauxiliary verbUS /hæd/

the past form of “have”, used to form the past perfect

From this reading AN EVENING AT THE DUPLAYS' Robespierre slowly descended the altar steps with a preoccupied air, for that last desperate cry of Olivier had struck its mark.

hatrednounUS /ˈheɪtrəd/

the emotion of intense dislike; a feeling of dislike so strong that it demands action

From this reading That voice, full of hatred and revenge, had risen from the crowd he thought entirely at one with him!

hepronounUS /hiː/

a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading However self-possessed he might be, he had felt the blow acutely.

himpronounUS /hɪm/

the male already mentioned, as the object of a verb or preposition

From this reading That voice, full of hatred and revenge, had risen from the crowd he thought entirely at one with him!

HoweveradverbUS /ˌhaʊˈevər/

used to add a contrasting statement

From this reading However self-possessed he might be, he had felt the blow acutely.

InprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading In their very applause at that moment the people were protesting against an insult coming from their ranks!

instantnounUS /ˈɪnstənt/

a very short time (as the time it takes the eye to blink or the heart to beat)

From this reading They were driven to defend him, when he had dreamt that the populace would receive him with instant and unanimous enthusiasm, insuring to him for ever the esteem of France!

insultnounUS /ˌɪnˈsʌlt/

a rude expression intended to offend or hurt

From this reading In their very applause at that moment the people were protesting against an insult coming from their ranks!

insuringverbUS /ˌɪnˈʃʊrɪŋ/

-ing form of “insure” — be careful or certain to do something; make certain of something

From this reading They were driven to defend him, when he had dreamt that the populace would receive him with instant and unanimous enthusiasm, insuring to him for ever the esteem of France!

itsdeterminerUS /ɪts/

belonging to the thing or animal already mentioned

From this reading AN EVENING AT THE DUPLAYS' Robespierre slowly descended the altar steps with a preoccupied air, for that last desperate cry of Olivier had struck its mark.

lastadjectiveUS /læst/

immediately past

From this reading AN EVENING AT THE DUPLAYS' Robespierre slowly descended the altar steps with a preoccupied air, for that last desperate cry of Olivier had struck its mark.

markverbUS /mɑːrk/

attach a tag or label to

From this reading AN EVENING AT THE DUPLAYS' Robespierre slowly descended the altar steps with a preoccupied air, for that last desperate cry of Olivier had struck its mark.

mightmodal verbUS /maɪt/

used to say something is possible but not certain

From this reading However self-possessed he might be, he had felt the blow acutely.

momentnounUS /ˈmoʊmənt/

a particular point in time

From this reading In their very applause at that moment the people were protesting against an insult coming from their ranks!

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading AN EVENING AT THE DUPLAYS' Robespierre slowly descended the altar steps with a preoccupied air, for that last desperate cry of Olivier had struck its mark.

OliviernounUS /ˌoʊˈlɪviːeɪ/

English actor best know for his Shakespearean roles (1907-1989)

From this reading AN EVENING AT THE DUPLAYS' Robespierre slowly descended the altar steps with a preoccupied air, for that last desperate cry of Olivier had struck its mark.

onepronounUS /wʌn/

used to mean any person in general, including the speaker

From this reading That voice, full of hatred and revenge, had risen from the crowd he thought entirely at one with him!

peoplenounUS /ˈpiːpəl/

(plural) any group of human beings (men or women or children) collectively

From this reading In their very applause at that moment the people were protesting against an insult coming from their ranks!

populacenounUS /ˈpɑːpjələs/

people in general considered as a whole

From this reading They were driven to defend him, when he had dreamt that the populace would receive him with instant and unanimous enthusiasm, insuring to him for ever the esteem of France!

preoccupiedadjectiveUS /priˈɑːkjəpaɪd/

deeply absorbed in thought

From this reading AN EVENING AT THE DUPLAYS' Robespierre slowly descended the altar steps with a preoccupied air, for that last desperate cry of Olivier had struck its mark.

protestingverbUS /prəˈtestɪŋ/

-ing form of “protest” — utter words of protest

From this reading In their very applause at that moment the people were protesting against an insult coming from their ranks!

ranksnounUS /ræŋks/

plural of “rank” — a row or line of people (especially soldiers or police) standing abreast of one another

From this reading In their very applause at that moment the people were protesting against an insult coming from their ranks!

receiveverbUS /rəˈsiːv/

get something; come into possession of

From this reading They were driven to defend him, when he had dreamt that the populace would receive him with instant and unanimous enthusiasm, insuring to him for ever the esteem of France!

revengenounUS /riˈvendʒ/

action taken in return for an injury or offense

From this reading That voice, full of hatred and revenge, had risen from the crowd he thought entirely at one with him!

risenadjectiveUS /ˈrɪzən/

(of e.g. celestial bodies) above the horizon

From this reading That voice, full of hatred and revenge, had risen from the crowd he thought entirely at one with him!

Robespierrenoun

French revolutionary; leader of the Jacobins and architect of the Reign of Terror; was himself executed in a coup d'etat (1758-1794)

From this reading AN EVENING AT THE DUPLAYS' Robespierre slowly descended the altar steps with a preoccupied air, for that last desperate cry of Olivier had struck its mark.

self-possessedadjective

in full control of your faculties

From this reading However self-possessed he might be, he had felt the blow acutely.

slowlyadverbUS /ˈsloʊli/

without speed (“slow” is sometimes used informally for “slowly”)

From this reading AN EVENING AT THE DUPLAYS' Robespierre slowly descended the altar steps with a preoccupied air, for that last desperate cry of Olivier had struck its mark.

stepsnounUS /steps/

a flight of stairs or a flight of steps

From this reading AN EVENING AT THE DUPLAYS' Robespierre slowly descended the altar steps with a preoccupied air, for that last desperate cry of Olivier had struck its mark.

struckadjectiveUS /strʌk/

(used in combination) affected by something overwhelming

From this reading AN EVENING AT THE DUPLAYS' Robespierre slowly descended the altar steps with a preoccupied air, for that last desperate cry of Olivier had struck its mark.

thatconjunctionUS /ðæt/

used to introduce what somebody said, thought, or felt

From this reading AN EVENING AT THE DUPLAYS' Robespierre slowly descended the altar steps with a preoccupied air, for that last desperate cry of Olivier had struck its mark.

THEdeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading AN EVENING AT THE DUPLAYS' Robespierre slowly descended the altar steps with a preoccupied air, for that last desperate cry of Olivier had struck its mark.

theirdeterminerUS /ðer/

belonging to the people or things already mentioned

From this reading In their very applause at that moment the people were protesting against an insult coming from their ranks!

TheypronounUS /ðeɪ/

the people, animals, or things already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading They were driven to defend him, when he had dreamt that the populace would receive him with instant and unanimous enthusiasm, insuring to him for ever the esteem of France!

thoughtnounUS /θɔːt/

the content of cognition; the main thing you are thinking about

From this reading That voice, full of hatred and revenge, had risen from the crowd he thought entirely at one with him!

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading They were driven to defend him, when he had dreamt that the populace would receive him with instant and unanimous enthusiasm, insuring to him for ever the esteem of France!

unanimousadjectiveUS /juːˈnænəməs/

in complete agreement

From this reading They were driven to defend him, when he had dreamt that the populace would receive him with instant and unanimous enthusiasm, insuring to him for ever the esteem of France!

veryadjectiveUS /ˈveri/

precisely as stated

From this reading In their very applause at that moment the people were protesting against an insult coming from their ranks!

voicenounUS /vɔɪs/

the distinctive quality or pitch or condition of a person's speech

From this reading That voice, full of hatred and revenge, had risen from the crowd he thought entirely at one with him!

wereauxiliary verbUS /wɜːr/

the past form of “be” used with you, we, they, or a plural noun

From this reading In their very applause at that moment the people were protesting against an insult coming from their ranks!

whenconjunctionUS /wen/

at the time that

From this reading They were driven to defend him, when he had dreamt that the populace would receive him with instant and unanimous enthusiasm, insuring to him for ever the esteem of France!

withprepositionUS /wɪð/

in the company of; together with

From this reading AN EVENING AT THE DUPLAYS' Robespierre slowly descended the altar steps with a preoccupied air, for that last desperate cry of Olivier had struck its mark.

wouldmodal verbUS /wʊd/

used for something imagined, polite, or habitual in the past

From this reading They were driven to defend him, when he had dreamt that the populace would receive him with instant and unanimous enthusiasm, insuring to him for ever the esteem of France!

Chapter 9 of Robespierre by Ange Galdemar holds 558 sentences, grouped into 112 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 9 of Robespierre contain?

Chapter 9 holds 558 sentences of Robespierre, unabridged, divided into 112 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 9 of Robespierre by Ange Galdemar exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 558 sentences, grouped into 112 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 9 of Robespierre?

Work through the 112 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 112 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 9 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 9 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading Robespierre

Common questions about reading Robespierre by Ange Galdemar on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of Robespierre?

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Project Gutenberg eBook #?, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

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Vocabulary met early in Robespierre

Words and structures a reader meets early in Robespierre, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Chapter 1
One of the 0 chapters of Robespierre, divided into 5-sentence reading sections.
Chapter 2
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Chapter 3
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