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Robinson Crusoe, Told to the Children by John Lang
Robinson Crusoe, Told to the Children by John Lang

Chapter IX

Chapter 9 of Robinson Crusoe, Told to the Children by John Lang is here in full — 98 sentences across 20 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Cover illustration for Robinson Crusoe, Told to the Children by John Lang
Context Illustration Reading 1/19 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
HOW ROBINSON TRAINED FRIDAY Whilst the man slept, Robinson went out to milk his goats, at which work the savage, having waked in about half an hour, found him, and running up, threw himself on the ground near Robinson’s feet, one of which he again raised as before, and placed on his head.
At the same time he made every kind of sign of gratitude and submission.
In a little while Robinson began to speak to him, and to try to teach him things.
First, he made him understand that his name was to be ‘Friday,’ (that being the day of the week when Robinson had saved him from a horrible death).
Then he taught him the meaning of ‘Yes,’ and ‘No,’ and to call Robinson, ‘Master.’
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AI-generated narration by OpenAI · Slow US English
LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

Robinson Crusoe, Told to the Children by John Lang

Chapter IX

Chapter 9 of Robinson Crusoe, Told to the Children by John Lang is here in full — 98 sentences across 20 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/19 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
HOW ROBINSON TRAINED FRIDAY Whilst the man slept, Robinson went out to milk his goats, at which work the savage, having waked in about half an hour, found him, and running up, threw himself on the ground near Robinson’s feet, one of which he again raised as before, and placed on his head.
Line 2
At the same time he made every kind of sign of gratitude and submission.
/æt ðə seɪm taɪm hiː meɪd ˈevəri kaɪnd ʌv saɪn ʌv ˈɡrætətuːd ənd səbˈmɪʃən/
Line 3
In a little while Robinson began to speak to him, and to try to teach him things.
/ɪn ə ˈlɪtəl waɪl ˈrɑːbənsən bɪˈɡæn tuː spiːk tuː hɪm ənd tuː traɪ tuː tiːtʃ hɪm θɪŋz/
Line 4
First, he made him understand that his name was to be ‘Friday,’ (that being the day of the week when Robinson had saved him from a horrible death).
/fɜːrst hiː meɪd hɪm ˌʌndərˈstænd ðæt hɪz neɪm wɑːz tuː biː ˈfraɪdi ðæt ˈbiːɪŋ ðə deɪ ʌv ðə wiːk wen ˈrɑːbənsən hæd seɪvd hɪm frʌm ə ˈhɔːrəbəl deθ/
Line 5
Then he taught him the meaning of ‘Yes,’ and ‘No,’ and to call Robinson, ‘Master.’
/ðen hiː tɔːt hɪm ðə ˈmiːnɪŋ ʌv jes ənd noʊ ənd tuː kɔːl ˈrɑːbənsən ˈmæstər/

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

friday noun US /ˈfraɪdi/

the sixth day of the week; the fifth working day

From this reading “HOW ROBINSON TRAINED FRIDAY Whilst the man slept, Robinson went out to milk his goats, at which work the savage, having waked in about half an hour, found him, and running up, threw himself on the ground near Robinson’s feet, one of which he again raised as before, and placed on his head.”

goats noun US /ɡoʊts/

plural of “goat” — any of numerous agile ruminants related to sheep but having a beard and straight horns

From this reading “HOW ROBINSON TRAINED FRIDAY Whilst the man slept, Robinson went out to milk his goats, at which work the savage, having waked in about half an hour, found him, and running up, threw himself on the ground near Robinson’s feet, one of which he again raised as before, and placed on his head.”

gratitude noun US /ˈɡrætətuːd/

a feeling of thankfulness and appreciation

From this reading “At the same time he made every kind of sign of gratitude and submission.”

milk noun US /mɪlk/

a white nutritious liquid secreted by mammals and used as food by human beings

From this reading “HOW ROBINSON TRAINED FRIDAY Whilst the man slept, Robinson went out to milk his goats, at which work the savage, having waked in about half an hour, found him, and running up, threw himself on the ground near Robinson’s feet, one of which he again raised as before, and placed on his head.”

robinson noun US /ˈrɑːbənsən/

English chemist noted for his studies of molecular structures in plants (1886-1975)

From this reading “HOW ROBINSON TRAINED FRIDAY Whilst the man slept, Robinson went out to milk his goats, at which work the savage, having waked in about half an hour, found him, and running up, threw himself on the ground near Robinson’s feet, one of which he again raised as before, and placed on his head.”

Robinson's noun US /ˈrɑːbənsənz/

possessive form of “robinson” — English chemist noted for his studies of molecular structures in plants (1886-1975)

submission noun US /səbˈmɪʃən/

something (manuscripts or architectural plans and models or estimates or works of art of all genres etc.) submitted for the judgment of others (as in a competition)

From this reading “At the same time he made every kind of sign of gratitude and submission.”

trained adjective US /treɪnd/

shaped or conditioned or disciplined by training; often used as a combining form

From this reading “HOW ROBINSON TRAINED FRIDAY Whilst the man slept, Robinson went out to milk his goats, at which work the savage, having waked in about half an hour, found him, and running up, threw himself on the ground near Robinson’s feet, one of which he again raised as before, and placed on his head.”

Word partnerships in these lines

English keeps certain words together, and knowing the pair is worth more than knowing each word alone. Every partnership below was counted across our whole published library, and earns its place by appearing far more often than two unrelated words of the same frequency would.

Shown as this reading writes them, with the form the library counts, what kind of pairing it is, and how often it occurs.

same time adjective + noun

In this reading “At the same time he made every kind of sign of gratitude and submission.”

horrible death adjective + noun

In this reading “First, he made him understand that his name was to be ‘Friday,’ (that being the day of the week when Robinson had saved him from a horrible death).”

on the ground preposition + article + noun counted as “on … ground”

In this reading “HOW ROBINSON TRAINED FRIDAY Whilst the man slept, Robinson went out to milk his goats, at which work the savage, having waked in about half an hour, found him, and running up, threw himself on the ground near Robinson’s feet, one of which he again raised as before, and placed on his head.”

went out verb + adjective counted as “go out”

move out of or depart from

In this reading “HOW ROBINSON TRAINED FRIDAY Whilst the man slept, Robinson went out to milk his goats, at which work the savage, having waked in about half an hour, found him, and running up, threw himself on the ground near Robinson’s feet, one of which he again raised as before, and placed on his head.”

All words in this reading · 84

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading In a little while Robinson began to speak to him, and to try to teach him things.

aboutprepositionUS /əˈbaʊt/

on the subject of; concerning

From this reading HOW ROBINSON TRAINED FRIDAY Whilst the man slept, Robinson went out to milk his goats, at which work the savage, having waked in about half an hour, found him, and running up, threw himself on the ground near Robinson’s feet, one of which he again raised as before, and placed on his head.

againadverbUS /əˈɡen/

anew

From this reading HOW ROBINSON TRAINED FRIDAY Whilst the man slept, Robinson went out to milk his goats, at which work the savage, having waked in about half an hour, found him, and running up, threw himself on the ground near Robinson’s feet, one of which he again raised as before, and placed on his head.

andeterminerUS /æn/

the form of “a” used before a word that begins with a vowel sound

From this reading HOW ROBINSON TRAINED FRIDAY Whilst the man slept, Robinson went out to milk his goats, at which work the savage, having waked in about half an hour, found him, and running up, threw himself on the ground near Robinson’s feet, one of which he again raised as before, and placed on his head.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading HOW ROBINSON TRAINED FRIDAY Whilst the man slept, Robinson went out to milk his goats, at which work the savage, having waked in about half an hour, found him, and running up, threw himself on the ground near Robinson’s feet, one of which he again raised as before, and placed on his head.

asconjunctionUS /æz/

at the same time that; because; in the way that

From this reading HOW ROBINSON TRAINED FRIDAY Whilst the man slept, Robinson went out to milk his goats, at which work the savage, having waked in about half an hour, found him, and running up, threw himself on the ground near Robinson’s feet, one of which he again raised as before, and placed on his head.

atprepositionUS /æt/

in or near a particular place or position

From this reading HOW ROBINSON TRAINED FRIDAY Whilst the man slept, Robinson went out to milk his goats, at which work the savage, having waked in about half an hour, found him, and running up, threw himself on the ground near Robinson’s feet, one of which he again raised as before, and placed on his head.

beauxiliary verbUS /biː/

used with a past participle to form the passive, or with -ing for continuous tenses

From this reading First, he made him understand that his name was to be ‘Friday,’ (that being the day of the week when Robinson had saved him from a horrible death).

beforeprepositionUS /bɪˈfɔːr/

earlier than; in front of

From this reading HOW ROBINSON TRAINED FRIDAY Whilst the man slept, Robinson went out to milk his goats, at which work the savage, having waked in about half an hour, found him, and running up, threw himself on the ground near Robinson’s feet, one of which he again raised as before, and placed on his head.

beganverbUS /bɪˈɡæn/

inflected form of “begin” — take the first step or steps in carrying out an action

From this reading In a little while Robinson began to speak to him, and to try to teach him things.

beingauxiliary verbUS /ˈbiːɪŋ/

the -ing form of “be”

From this reading First, he made him understand that his name was to be ‘Friday,’ (that being the day of the week when Robinson had saved him from a horrible death).

callverbUS /kɔːl/

assign a specified (usually proper) proper name to

From this reading Then he taught him the meaning of ‘Yes,’ and ‘No,’ and to call Robinson, ‘Master.’

daynounUS /deɪ/

time for Earth to make a complete rotation on its axis

From this reading First, he made him understand that his name was to be ‘Friday,’ (that being the day of the week when Robinson had saved him from a horrible death).

deathnounUS /deθ/

the event of dying or departure from life

From this reading First, he made him understand that his name was to be ‘Friday,’ (that being the day of the week when Robinson had saved him from a horrible death).

everydeterminerUS /ˈevəri/

all the members of a group, with none left out

From this reading At the same time he made every kind of sign of gratitude and submission.

feetnounUS /fiːt/

plural of “foot” — the part of the leg of a human being below the ankle joint

From this reading HOW ROBINSON TRAINED FRIDAY Whilst the man slept, Robinson went out to milk his goats, at which work the savage, having waked in about half an hour, found him, and running up, threw himself on the ground near Robinson’s feet, one of which he again raised as before, and placed on his head.

FirstadjectiveUS /fɜːrst/

preceding all others in time or space or degree

From this reading First, he made him understand that his name was to be ‘Friday,’ (that being the day of the week when Robinson had saved him from a horrible death).

foundverbUS /faʊnd/

set up or found

From this reading HOW ROBINSON TRAINED FRIDAY Whilst the man slept, Robinson went out to milk his goats, at which work the savage, having waked in about half an hour, found him, and running up, threw himself on the ground near Robinson’s feet, one of which he again raised as before, and placed on his head.

FRIDAYnounUS /ˈfraɪdi/

the sixth day of the week; the fifth working day

From this reading HOW ROBINSON TRAINED FRIDAY Whilst the man slept, Robinson went out to milk his goats, at which work the savage, having waked in about half an hour, found him, and running up, threw himself on the ground near Robinson’s feet, one of which he again raised as before, and placed on his head.

fromprepositionUS /frʌm/

showing where something starts, or who sent it

From this reading First, he made him understand that his name was to be ‘Friday,’ (that being the day of the week when Robinson had saved him from a horrible death).

goatsnounUS /ɡoʊts/

plural of “goat” — any of numerous agile ruminants related to sheep but having a beard and straight horns

From this reading HOW ROBINSON TRAINED FRIDAY Whilst the man slept, Robinson went out to milk his goats, at which work the savage, having waked in about half an hour, found him, and running up, threw himself on the ground near Robinson’s feet, one of which he again raised as before, and placed on his head.

gratitudenounUS /ˈɡrætətuːd/

a feeling of thankfulness and appreciation

From this reading At the same time he made every kind of sign of gratitude and submission.

groundnounUS /ɡraʊnd/

the solid part of the earth's surface

From this reading HOW ROBINSON TRAINED FRIDAY Whilst the man slept, Robinson went out to milk his goats, at which work the savage, having waked in about half an hour, found him, and running up, threw himself on the ground near Robinson’s feet, one of which he again raised as before, and placed on his head.

hadauxiliary verbUS /hæd/

the past form of “have”, used to form the past perfect

From this reading First, he made him understand that his name was to be ‘Friday,’ (that being the day of the week when Robinson had saved him from a horrible death).

halfadjectiveUS /hæf/

consisting of one of two equivalent parts in value or quantity

From this reading HOW ROBINSON TRAINED FRIDAY Whilst the man slept, Robinson went out to milk his goats, at which work the savage, having waked in about half an hour, found him, and running up, threw himself on the ground near Robinson’s feet, one of which he again raised as before, and placed on his head.

havingauxiliary verbUS /ˈhævɪŋ/

the -ing form of “have”

From this reading HOW ROBINSON TRAINED FRIDAY Whilst the man slept, Robinson went out to milk his goats, at which work the savage, having waked in about half an hour, found him, and running up, threw himself on the ground near Robinson’s feet, one of which he again raised as before, and placed on his head.

hepronounUS /hiː/

a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading HOW ROBINSON TRAINED FRIDAY Whilst the man slept, Robinson went out to milk his goats, at which work the savage, having waked in about half an hour, found him, and running up, threw himself on the ground near Robinson’s feet, one of which he again raised as before, and placed on his head.

headnounUS /hed/

the upper part of the human body or the front part of the body in animals; contains the face and brains

From this reading HOW ROBINSON TRAINED FRIDAY Whilst the man slept, Robinson went out to milk his goats, at which work the savage, having waked in about half an hour, found him, and running up, threw himself on the ground near Robinson’s feet, one of which he again raised as before, and placed on his head.

himpronounUS /hɪm/

the male already mentioned, as the object of a verb or preposition

From this reading HOW ROBINSON TRAINED FRIDAY Whilst the man slept, Robinson went out to milk his goats, at which work the savage, having waked in about half an hour, found him, and running up, threw himself on the ground near Robinson’s feet, one of which he again raised as before, and placed on his head.

himselfpronounUS /hɪmˈself/

used when the man or boy doing the action is also its object

From this reading HOW ROBINSON TRAINED FRIDAY Whilst the man slept, Robinson went out to milk his goats, at which work the savage, having waked in about half an hour, found him, and running up, threw himself on the ground near Robinson’s feet, one of which he again raised as before, and placed on his head.

hisdeterminerUS /hɪz/

belonging to a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned

From this reading HOW ROBINSON TRAINED FRIDAY Whilst the man slept, Robinson went out to milk his goats, at which work the savage, having waked in about half an hour, found him, and running up, threw himself on the ground near Robinson’s feet, one of which he again raised as before, and placed on his head.

horribleadjectiveUS /ˈhɔːrəbəl/

provoking horror

From this reading First, he made him understand that his name was to be ‘Friday,’ (that being the day of the week when Robinson had saved him from a horrible death).

hournounUS /ˈaʊər/

a period of time equal to 1/24th of a day

From this reading HOW ROBINSON TRAINED FRIDAY Whilst the man slept, Robinson went out to milk his goats, at which work the savage, having waked in about half an hour, found him, and running up, threw himself on the ground near Robinson’s feet, one of which he again raised as before, and placed on his head.

HOW

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading HOW ROBINSON TRAINED FRIDAY Whilst the man slept, Robinson went out to milk his goats, at which work the savage, having waked in about half an hour, found him, and running up, threw himself on the ground near Robinson’s feet, one of which he again raised as before, and placed on his head.

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading HOW ROBINSON TRAINED FRIDAY Whilst the man slept, Robinson went out to milk his goats, at which work the savage, having waked in about half an hour, found him, and running up, threw himself on the ground near Robinson’s feet, one of which he again raised as before, and placed on his head.

kindadjectiveUS /kaɪnd/

having or showing a tender and considerate and helpful nature; used especially of persons and their behavior

From this reading At the same time he made every kind of sign of gratitude and submission.

littleadjectiveUS /ˈlɪtəl/

limited or below average in number or quantity or magnitude or extent

From this reading In a little while Robinson began to speak to him, and to try to teach him things.

madeadjectiveUS /meɪd/

produced by a manufacturing process

From this reading At the same time he made every kind of sign of gratitude and submission.

mannounUS /mæn/

an adult person who is male (as opposed to a woman)

From this reading HOW ROBINSON TRAINED FRIDAY Whilst the man slept, Robinson went out to milk his goats, at which work the savage, having waked in about half an hour, found him, and running up, threw himself on the ground near Robinson’s feet, one of which he again raised as before, and placed on his head.

MasternounUS /ˈmæstər/

an artist of consummate skill

From this reading Then he taught him the meaning of ‘Yes,’ and ‘No,’ and to call Robinson, ‘Master.’

meaningnounUS /ˈmiːnɪŋ/

the message that is intended or expressed or signified

From this reading Then he taught him the meaning of ‘Yes,’ and ‘No,’ and to call Robinson, ‘Master.’

milknounUS /mɪlk/

a white nutritious liquid secreted by mammals and used as food by human beings

From this reading HOW ROBINSON TRAINED FRIDAY Whilst the man slept, Robinson went out to milk his goats, at which work the savage, having waked in about half an hour, found him, and running up, threw himself on the ground near Robinson’s feet, one of which he again raised as before, and placed on his head.

nameverbUS /neɪm/

assign a specified (usually proper) proper name to

From this reading First, he made him understand that his name was to be ‘Friday,’ (that being the day of the week when Robinson had saved him from a horrible death).

nearadverbUS /nɪr/

near in time or place or relationship

From this reading HOW ROBINSON TRAINED FRIDAY Whilst the man slept, Robinson went out to milk his goats, at which work the savage, having waked in about half an hour, found him, and running up, threw himself on the ground near Robinson’s feet, one of which he again raised as before, and placed on his head.

NodeterminerUS /noʊ/

not any; not one

From this reading Then he taught him the meaning of ‘Yes,’ and ‘No,’ and to call Robinson, ‘Master.’

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading HOW ROBINSON TRAINED FRIDAY Whilst the man slept, Robinson went out to milk his goats, at which work the savage, having waked in about half an hour, found him, and running up, threw himself on the ground near Robinson’s feet, one of which he again raised as before, and placed on his head.

onprepositionUS /ɑːn/

touching and supported by a surface

From this reading HOW ROBINSON TRAINED FRIDAY Whilst the man slept, Robinson went out to milk his goats, at which work the savage, having waked in about half an hour, found him, and running up, threw himself on the ground near Robinson’s feet, one of which he again raised as before, and placed on his head.

onepronounUS /wʌn/

used to mean any person in general, including the speaker

From this reading HOW ROBINSON TRAINED FRIDAY Whilst the man slept, Robinson went out to milk his goats, at which work the savage, having waked in about half an hour, found him, and running up, threw himself on the ground near Robinson’s feet, one of which he again raised as before, and placed on his head.

outadjectiveUS /aʊt/

not allowed to continue to bat or run

From this reading HOW ROBINSON TRAINED FRIDAY Whilst the man slept, Robinson went out to milk his goats, at which work the savage, having waked in about half an hour, found him, and running up, threw himself on the ground near Robinson’s feet, one of which he again raised as before, and placed on his head.

placedadjectiveUS /pleɪst/

situated in a particular spot or position

From this reading HOW ROBINSON TRAINED FRIDAY Whilst the man slept, Robinson went out to milk his goats, at which work the savage, having waked in about half an hour, found him, and running up, threw himself on the ground near Robinson’s feet, one of which he again raised as before, and placed on his head.

raisedadjectiveUS /reɪzd/

located or moved above the surround or above the normal position

From this reading HOW ROBINSON TRAINED FRIDAY Whilst the man slept, Robinson went out to milk his goats, at which work the savage, having waked in about half an hour, found him, and running up, threw himself on the ground near Robinson’s feet, one of which he again raised as before, and placed on his head.

ROBINSONnounUS /ˈrɑːbənsən/

English chemist noted for his studies of molecular structures in plants (1886-1975)

From this reading HOW ROBINSON TRAINED FRIDAY Whilst the man slept, Robinson went out to milk his goats, at which work the savage, having waked in about half an hour, found him, and running up, threw himself on the ground near Robinson’s feet, one of which he again raised as before, and placed on his head.

Robinson'snounUS /ˈrɑːbənsənz/

possessive form of “robinson” — English chemist noted for his studies of molecular structures in plants (1886-1975)

From this reading HOW ROBINSON TRAINED FRIDAY Whilst the man slept, Robinson went out to milk his goats, at which work the savage, having waked in about half an hour, found him, and running up, threw himself on the ground near Robinson’s feet, one of which he again raised as before, and placed on his head.

runningadjectiveUS /ˈrʌnɪŋ/

(of fluids) moving or issuing in a stream

From this reading HOW ROBINSON TRAINED FRIDAY Whilst the man slept, Robinson went out to milk his goats, at which work the savage, having waked in about half an hour, found him, and running up, threw himself on the ground near Robinson’s feet, one of which he again raised as before, and placed on his head.

sameadjectiveUS /seɪm/

Identical; not different.

From this reading At the same time he made every kind of sign of gratitude and submission.

savageadjectiveUS /ˈsævədʒ/

(of persons or their actions) able or disposed to inflict pain or suffering

From this reading HOW ROBINSON TRAINED FRIDAY Whilst the man slept, Robinson went out to milk his goats, at which work the savage, having waked in about half an hour, found him, and running up, threw himself on the ground near Robinson’s feet, one of which he again raised as before, and placed on his head.

savedadjectiveUS /seɪvd/

rescued; especially from the power and consequences of sin

From this reading First, he made him understand that his name was to be ‘Friday,’ (that being the day of the week when Robinson had saved him from a horrible death).

signnounUS /saɪn/

a perceptible indication of something not immediately apparent (as a visible clue that something has happened)

From this reading At the same time he made every kind of sign of gratitude and submission.

sleptverbUS /slept/

inflected form of “sleep” — be asleep

From this reading HOW ROBINSON TRAINED FRIDAY Whilst the man slept, Robinson went out to milk his goats, at which work the savage, having waked in about half an hour, found him, and running up, threw himself on the ground near Robinson’s feet, one of which he again raised as before, and placed on his head.

speakverbUS /spiːk/

express in speech

From this reading In a little while Robinson began to speak to him, and to try to teach him things.

submissionnounUS /səbˈmɪʃən/

something (manuscripts or architectural plans and models or estimates or works of art of all genres etc.) submitted for the judgment of others (as in a competition)

From this reading At the same time he made every kind of sign of gratitude and submission.

taughtverbUS /tɔːt/

inflected form of “teach” — impart skills or knowledge to

From this reading Then he taught him the meaning of ‘Yes,’ and ‘No,’ and to call Robinson, ‘Master.’

teachverbUS /tiːtʃ/

impart skills or knowledge to

From this reading In a little while Robinson began to speak to him, and to try to teach him things.

thatconjunctionUS /ðæt/

used to introduce what somebody said, thought, or felt

From this reading First, he made him understand that his name was to be ‘Friday,’ (that being the day of the week when Robinson had saved him from a horrible death).

thedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading HOW ROBINSON TRAINED FRIDAY Whilst the man slept, Robinson went out to milk his goats, at which work the savage, having waked in about half an hour, found him, and running up, threw himself on the ground near Robinson’s feet, one of which he again raised as before, and placed on his head.

ThenadverbUS /ðen/

subsequently or soon afterward (often used as sentence connectors)

From this reading Then he taught him the meaning of ‘Yes,’ and ‘No,’ and to call Robinson, ‘Master.’

thingsnounUS /θɪŋz/

any movable possession (especially articles of clothing)

From this reading In a little while Robinson began to speak to him, and to try to teach him things.

threwverbUS /θruː/

inflected form of “throw” — propel through the air

From this reading HOW ROBINSON TRAINED FRIDAY Whilst the man slept, Robinson went out to milk his goats, at which work the savage, having waked in about half an hour, found him, and running up, threw himself on the ground near Robinson’s feet, one of which he again raised as before, and placed on his head.

timenounUS /taɪm/

an instance or single occasion for some event

From this reading At the same time he made every kind of sign of gratitude and submission.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading HOW ROBINSON TRAINED FRIDAY Whilst the man slept, Robinson went out to milk his goats, at which work the savage, having waked in about half an hour, found him, and running up, threw himself on the ground near Robinson’s feet, one of which he again raised as before, and placed on his head.

TRAINEDadjectiveUS /treɪnd/

shaped or conditioned or disciplined by training; often used as a combining form

From this reading HOW ROBINSON TRAINED FRIDAY Whilst the man slept, Robinson went out to milk his goats, at which work the savage, having waked in about half an hour, found him, and running up, threw himself on the ground near Robinson’s feet, one of which he again raised as before, and placed on his head.

tryverbUS /traɪ/

make an effort or attempt

From this reading In a little while Robinson began to speak to him, and to try to teach him things.

understandverbUS /ˌʌndərˈstænd/

know and comprehend the nature or meaning of

From this reading First, he made him understand that his name was to be ‘Friday,’ (that being the day of the week when Robinson had saved him from a horrible death).

upadjectiveUS /ʌp/

being or moving higher in position or greater in some value; being above a former position or level

From this reading HOW ROBINSON TRAINED FRIDAY Whilst the man slept, Robinson went out to milk his goats, at which work the savage, having waked in about half an hour, found him, and running up, threw himself on the ground near Robinson’s feet, one of which he again raised as before, and placed on his head.

waked

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading HOW ROBINSON TRAINED FRIDAY Whilst the man slept, Robinson went out to milk his goats, at which work the savage, having waked in about half an hour, found him, and running up, threw himself on the ground near Robinson’s feet, one of which he again raised as before, and placed on his head.

wasauxiliary verbUS /wɑːz/

the past form of “be” used with I, he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading First, he made him understand that his name was to be ‘Friday,’ (that being the day of the week when Robinson had saved him from a horrible death).

weeknounUS /wiːk/

any period of seven consecutive days

From this reading First, he made him understand that his name was to be ‘Friday,’ (that being the day of the week when Robinson had saved him from a horrible death).

wentverbUS /went/

inflected form of “go” — change location; move, travel, or proceed, also metaphorically

From this reading HOW ROBINSON TRAINED FRIDAY Whilst the man slept, Robinson went out to milk his goats, at which work the savage, having waked in about half an hour, found him, and running up, threw himself on the ground near Robinson’s feet, one of which he again raised as before, and placed on his head.

whenconjunctionUS /wen/

at the time that

From this reading First, he made him understand that his name was to be ‘Friday,’ (that being the day of the week when Robinson had saved him from a horrible death).

whichpronounUS /wɪtʃ/

used to introduce a clause giving more about a thing just mentioned

From this reading HOW ROBINSON TRAINED FRIDAY Whilst the man slept, Robinson went out to milk his goats, at which work the savage, having waked in about half an hour, found him, and running up, threw himself on the ground near Robinson’s feet, one of which he again raised as before, and placed on his head.

whileconjunctionUS /waɪl/

during the time that

From this reading In a little while Robinson began to speak to him, and to try to teach him things.

WhilstconjunctionUS /waɪlst/

an old and formal word for “while”

From this reading HOW ROBINSON TRAINED FRIDAY Whilst the man slept, Robinson went out to milk his goats, at which work the savage, having waked in about half an hour, found him, and running up, threw himself on the ground near Robinson’s feet, one of which he again raised as before, and placed on his head.

workverbUS /wɜːrk/

exert oneself by doing mental or physical work for a purpose or out of necessity

From this reading HOW ROBINSON TRAINED FRIDAY Whilst the man slept, Robinson went out to milk his goats, at which work the savage, having waked in about half an hour, found him, and running up, threw himself on the ground near Robinson’s feet, one of which he again raised as before, and placed on his head.

YesnounUS /jes/

an affirmative

From this reading Then he taught him the meaning of ‘Yes,’ and ‘No,’ and to call Robinson, ‘Master.’

Chapter 9 of Robinson Crusoe, Told to the Children by John Lang by Daniel Defoe holds 98 sentences, grouped into 20 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 9 of Robinson Crusoe, Told to the Children by John Lang contain?

Chapter 9 holds 98 sentences of Robinson Crusoe, Told to the Children by John Lang, unabridged, divided into 20 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 9 of Robinson Crusoe, Told to the Children by John Lang by Daniel Defoe exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 98 sentences, grouped into 20 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 9 of Robinson Crusoe, Told to the Children by John Lang?

Work through the 20 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 20 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 9 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 9 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading Robinson Crusoe, Told to the Children by John Lang

Common questions about reading Robinson Crusoe, Told to the Children by John Lang by Daniel Defoe on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of Robinson Crusoe, Told to the Children by John Lang?

Yes. All 0 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #? are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of Robinson Crusoe, Told to the Children by John Lang is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #?, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does Robinson Crusoe, Told to the Children by John Lang take to read?

About 5 minutes of reading across 0 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

How to read Robinson Crusoe, Told to the Children by John Lang section by section

How to work through Robinson Crusoe, Told to the Children by John Lang section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.

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Vocabulary met early in Robinson Crusoe, Told to the Children by John Lang

Words and structures a reader meets early in Robinson Crusoe, Told to the Children by John Lang, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Chapter 1
One of the 0 chapters of Robinson Crusoe, Told to the Children by John Lang, divided into 5-sentence reading sections.
Chapter 2
One of the 0 chapters of Robinson Crusoe, Told to the Children by John Lang, divided into 5-sentence reading sections.
Chapter 3
One of the 0 chapters of Robinson Crusoe, Told to the Children by John Lang, divided into 5-sentence reading sections.