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Rogues and Vagabonds
Rogues and Vagabonds

Chapter XL · Gertie Gains Her Heritage

Chapter XL of Rogues and Vagabonds, “Gertie Gains Her Heritage,” is here in full — 137 sentences across 28 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

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Context Illustration Reading 1/27 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
Ruth Heritage, dressed in the deepest mourning, sat in the great room of Heritage Hall, looking out upon the grounds but seeing them not.
Her thoughts were far away in the past, and the form that was ever before her eyes was the form of her dead husband.
Ruth, when her first paroxysm of grief was over and she could think calmly, acknowledged that it was far better that the man whom she had loved so devotedly should be lying in the green churchyard than that he should be living a hunted outcast, perhaps imprisoned in a living tomb on which the iron hand of the law had turned the key for ever.
At the grave Justice haltsbeyond it neither friends can aid nor foes pursue.
With all his sins upon him, Edward Marston slept the long sleep until the Great Judge should call him.
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AI-generated narration by OpenAI · Slow US English
LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

Rogues and Vagabonds

Chapter XL · Gertie Gains Her Heritage

Chapter XL of Rogues and Vagabonds, “Gertie Gains Her Heritage,” is here in full — 137 sentences across 28 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/27 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
Ruth Heritage, dressed in the deepest mourning, sat in the great room of Heritage Hall, looking out upon the grounds but seeing them not.
/ruːθ ˈherətədʒ drest ɪn ðə ˈdiːpəst ˈmɔːrnɪŋ sæt ɪn ðə ɡreɪt ruːm ʌv ˈherətədʒ hɔːl ˈlʊkɪŋ aʊt əˈpɑːn ðə ɡraʊndz bʌt ˈsiːɪŋ ðem nɑːt/
Line 2
Her thoughts were far away in the past, and the form that was ever before her eyes was the form of her dead husband.
/hɜːr θɔːts wɜːr fɑːr əˈweɪ ɪn ðə pæst ənd ðə fɔːrm ðæt wɑːz ˈevər bɪˈfɔːr hɜːr aɪz wɑːz ðə fɔːrm ʌv hɜːr ded ˈhʌzbənd/
Line 3
Ruth, when her first paroxysm of grief was over and she could think calmly, acknowledged that it was far better that the man whom she had loved so devotedly should be lying in the green churchyard than that he should be living a hunted outcast, perhaps imprisoned in a living tomb on which the iron hand of the law had turned the key for ever.
Line 4
At the grave Justice haltsbeyond it neither friends can aid nor foes pursue.
Line 5
With all his sins upon him, Edward Marston slept the long sleep until the Great Judge should call him.

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

churchyard noun US /ˈtʃɜːrtʃjɑːrd/

the yard associated with a church

From this reading “Ruth, when her first paroxysm of grief was over and she could think calmly, acknowledged that it was far better that the man whom she had loved so devotedly should be lying in the green churchyard than that he should be living a hunted outcast, perhaps imprisoned in a living tomb on which the iron hand of the law had turned the key for ever.”

deepest adjective US /ˈdiːpəst/

superlative of “deep” — relatively deep or strong; affecting one deeply

From this reading “Ruth Heritage, dressed in the deepest mourning, sat in the great room of Heritage Hall, looking out upon the grounds but seeing them not.”

foes noun US /foʊz/

plural of “foe” — an armed adversary (especially a member of an opposing military force)

From this reading “At the grave Justice halts—beyond it neither friends can aid nor foes pursue.”

halts noun US /hɔːlts/

plural of “halt” — the state of inactivity following an interruption

From this reading “At the grave Justice halts—beyond it neither friends can aid nor foes pursue.”

Heritage noun US /ˈherətədʒ/

practices that are handed down from the past by tradition

From this reading “Ruth Heritage, dressed in the deepest mourning, sat in the great room of Heritage Hall, looking out upon the grounds but seeing them not.”

imprisoned adjective US /ˌɪmˈprɪzənd/

being in captivity

From this reading “Ruth, when her first paroxysm of grief was over and she could think calmly, acknowledged that it was far better that the man whom she had loved so devotedly should be lying in the green churchyard than that he should be living a hunted outcast, perhaps imprisoned in a living tomb on which the iron hand of the law had turned the key for ever.”

mourning noun US /ˈmɔːrnɪŋ/

state of sorrow over the death or departure of a loved one

From this reading “Ruth Heritage, dressed in the deepest mourning, sat in the great room of Heritage Hall, looking out upon the grounds but seeing them not.”

outcast noun US /ˈaʊtkæst/

a person who is rejected (from society or home)

From this reading “Ruth, when her first paroxysm of grief was over and she could think calmly, acknowledged that it was far better that the man whom she had loved so devotedly should be lying in the green churchyard than that he should be living a hunted outcast, perhaps imprisoned in a living tomb on which the iron hand of the law had turned the key for ever.”

Word partnerships in these lines

English keeps certain words together, and knowing the pair is worth more than knowing each word alone. Every partnership below was counted across our whole published library, and earns its place by appearing far more often than two unrelated words of the same frequency would.

Shown as this reading writes them, with the form the library counts, what kind of pairing it is, and how often it occurs.

deepest mourning adjective + noun counted as “deep mourning”

In this reading “Ruth Heritage, dressed in the deepest mourning, sat in the great room of Heritage Hall, looking out upon the grounds but seeing them not.”

living tomb noun + noun

In this reading “Ruth, when her first paroxysm of grief was over and she could think calmly, acknowledged that it was far better that the man whom she had loved so devotedly should be lying in the green churchyard than that he should be living a hunted outcast, perhaps imprisoned in a living tomb on which the iron hand of the law had turned the key for ever.”

far better adverb + adjective

In this reading “Ruth, when her first paroxysm of grief was over and she could think calmly, acknowledged that it was far better that the man whom she had loved so devotedly should be lying in the green churchyard than that he should be living a hunted outcast, perhaps imprisoned in a living tomb on which the iron hand of the law had turned the key for ever.”

iron hand noun + noun

In this reading “Ruth, when her first paroxysm of grief was over and she could think calmly, acknowledged that it was far better that the man whom she had loved so devotedly should be lying in the green churchyard than that he should be living a hunted outcast, perhaps imprisoned in a living tomb on which the iron hand of the law had turned the key for ever.”

for ever preposition + adverb

In this reading “Ruth, when her first paroxysm of grief was over and she could think calmly, acknowledged that it was far better that the man whom she had loved so devotedly should be lying in the green churchyard than that he should be living a hunted outcast, perhaps imprisoned in a living tomb on which the iron hand of the law had turned the key for ever.”

All words in this reading · 100

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading Ruth, when her first paroxysm of grief was over and she could think calmly, acknowledged that it was far better that the man whom she had loved so devotedly should be lying in the green churchyard than that he should be living a hunted outcast, perhaps imprisoned in a living tomb on which the iron hand of the law had turned the key for ever.

acknowledgedadjectiveUS /ækˈnɑːlɪdʒd/

recognized or made known or admitted

From this reading Ruth, when her first paroxysm of grief was over and she could think calmly, acknowledged that it was far better that the man whom she had loved so devotedly should be lying in the green churchyard than that he should be living a hunted outcast, perhaps imprisoned in a living tomb on which the iron hand of the law had turned the key for ever.

aidnounUS /eɪd/

a person or thing that is a resource that helps make something easier or possible to do

From this reading At the grave Justice halts—beyond it neither friends can aid nor foes pursue.

alladjectiveUS /ɔːl/

(quantifier) used with either mass or count nouns to indicate the whole number or amount of or every one of a class

From this reading With all his sins upon him, Edward Marston slept the long sleep until the Great Judge should call him.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading Her thoughts were far away in the past, and the form that was ever before her eyes was the form of her dead husband.

AtprepositionUS /æt/

in or near a particular place or position

From this reading At the grave Justice halts—beyond it neither friends can aid nor foes pursue.

awayadverbUS /əˈweɪ/

from a particular thing or place or position (“forth” is obsolete)

From this reading Her thoughts were far away in the past, and the form that was ever before her eyes was the form of her dead husband.

beauxiliary verbUS /biː/

used with a past participle to form the passive, or with -ing for continuous tenses

From this reading Ruth, when her first paroxysm of grief was over and she could think calmly, acknowledged that it was far better that the man whom she had loved so devotedly should be lying in the green churchyard than that he should be living a hunted outcast, perhaps imprisoned in a living tomb on which the iron hand of the law had turned the key for ever.

beforeprepositionUS /bɪˈfɔːr/

earlier than; in front of

From this reading Her thoughts were far away in the past, and the form that was ever before her eyes was the form of her dead husband.

betteradjectiveUS /ˈbetər/

(comparative of “good”) superior to another (of the same class or set or kind) in excellence or quality or desirability or suitability; more highly skilled than another

From this reading Ruth, when her first paroxysm of grief was over and she could think calmly, acknowledged that it was far better that the man whom she had loved so devotedly should be lying in the green churchyard than that he should be living a hunted outcast, perhaps imprisoned in a living tomb on which the iron hand of the law had turned the key for ever.

beyondprepositionUS /bɪˈɑːnd/

on the far side of; further than

From this reading At the grave Justice halts—beyond it neither friends can aid nor foes pursue.

butconjunctionUS /bʌt/

used to introduce something that contrasts with what came before

From this reading Ruth Heritage, dressed in the deepest mourning, sat in the great room of Heritage Hall, looking out upon the grounds but seeing them not.

callverbUS /kɔːl/

assign a specified (usually proper) proper name to

From this reading With all his sins upon him, Edward Marston slept the long sleep until the Great Judge should call him.

calmlyadverbUS /ˈkɑːmli/

with self-possession (especially in times of stress)

From this reading Ruth, when her first paroxysm of grief was over and she could think calmly, acknowledged that it was far better that the man whom she had loved so devotedly should be lying in the green churchyard than that he should be living a hunted outcast, perhaps imprisoned in a living tomb on which the iron hand of the law had turned the key for ever.

canmodal verbUS /kæn/

to be able to, or to be allowed to

From this reading At the grave Justice halts—beyond it neither friends can aid nor foes pursue.

churchyardnounUS /ˈtʃɜːrtʃjɑːrd/

the yard associated with a church

From this reading Ruth, when her first paroxysm of grief was over and she could think calmly, acknowledged that it was far better that the man whom she had loved so devotedly should be lying in the green churchyard than that he should be living a hunted outcast, perhaps imprisoned in a living tomb on which the iron hand of the law had turned the key for ever.

couldmodal verbUS /kʊd/

the past of “can”; used for possibility or polite requests

From this reading Ruth, when her first paroxysm of grief was over and she could think calmly, acknowledged that it was far better that the man whom she had loved so devotedly should be lying in the green churchyard than that he should be living a hunted outcast, perhaps imprisoned in a living tomb on which the iron hand of the law had turned the key for ever.

deadadjectiveUS /ded/

no longer having or seeming to have or expecting to have life

From this reading Her thoughts were far away in the past, and the form that was ever before her eyes was the form of her dead husband.

deepestadjectiveUS /ˈdiːpəst/

superlative of “deep” — relatively deep or strong; affecting one deeply

From this reading Ruth Heritage, dressed in the deepest mourning, sat in the great room of Heritage Hall, looking out upon the grounds but seeing them not.

devotedlyadverb

with devotion

From this reading Ruth, when her first paroxysm of grief was over and she could think calmly, acknowledged that it was far better that the man whom she had loved so devotedly should be lying in the green churchyard than that he should be living a hunted outcast, perhaps imprisoned in a living tomb on which the iron hand of the law had turned the key for ever.

dressedadjectiveUS /drest/

dressed or clothed especially in fine attire; often used in combination

From this reading Ruth Heritage, dressed in the deepest mourning, sat in the great room of Heritage Hall, looking out upon the grounds but seeing them not.

EdwardnounUS /ˈedwərd/

King of England and Ireland in 1936; his marriage to Wallis Warfield Simpson created a constitutional crisis leading to his abdication (1894-1972)

From this reading With all his sins upon him, Edward Marston slept the long sleep until the Great Judge should call him.

everadverbUS /ˈevər/

at any time

From this reading Her thoughts were far away in the past, and the form that was ever before her eyes was the form of her dead husband.

eyesnounUS /aɪz/

opinion or judgment

From this reading Her thoughts were far away in the past, and the form that was ever before her eyes was the form of her dead husband.

faradverbUS /fɑːr/

to a considerable degree; very much

From this reading Her thoughts were far away in the past, and the form that was ever before her eyes was the form of her dead husband.

firstadjectiveUS /fɜːrst/

preceding all others in time or space or degree

From this reading Ruth, when her first paroxysm of grief was over and she could think calmly, acknowledged that it was far better that the man whom she had loved so devotedly should be lying in the green churchyard than that he should be living a hunted outcast, perhaps imprisoned in a living tomb on which the iron hand of the law had turned the key for ever.

foesnounUS /foʊz/

plural of “foe” — an armed adversary (especially a member of an opposing military force)

From this reading At the grave Justice halts—beyond it neither friends can aid nor foes pursue.

forprepositionUS /fɔːr/

intended to be given to, or used by, somebody

From this reading Ruth, when her first paroxysm of grief was over and she could think calmly, acknowledged that it was far better that the man whom she had loved so devotedly should be lying in the green churchyard than that he should be living a hunted outcast, perhaps imprisoned in a living tomb on which the iron hand of the law had turned the key for ever.

formnounUS /fɔːrm/

the phonological or orthographic sound or appearance of a word that can be used to describe or identify something

From this reading Her thoughts were far away in the past, and the form that was ever before her eyes was the form of her dead husband.

friendsnounUS /frendz/

plural of “friend” — a person you know well and regard with affection and trust

From this reading At the grave Justice halts—beyond it neither friends can aid nor foes pursue.

gravenounUS /ɡreɪv/

death of a person

From this reading At the grave Justice halts—beyond it neither friends can aid nor foes pursue.

greatadjectiveUS /ɡreɪt/

relatively large in size or number or extent; larger than others of its kind

From this reading Ruth Heritage, dressed in the deepest mourning, sat in the great room of Heritage Hall, looking out upon the grounds but seeing them not.

greennounUS /ɡriːn/

green color or pigment; resembling the color of growing grass

From this reading Ruth, when her first paroxysm of grief was over and she could think calmly, acknowledged that it was far better that the man whom she had loved so devotedly should be lying in the green churchyard than that he should be living a hunted outcast, perhaps imprisoned in a living tomb on which the iron hand of the law had turned the key for ever.

griefnounUS /ɡriːf/

intense sorrow caused by loss of a loved one (especially by death)

From this reading Ruth, when her first paroxysm of grief was over and she could think calmly, acknowledged that it was far better that the man whom she had loved so devotedly should be lying in the green churchyard than that he should be living a hunted outcast, perhaps imprisoned in a living tomb on which the iron hand of the law had turned the key for ever.

groundsnounUS /ɡraʊndz/

your basis for belief or disbelief; knowledge on which to base belief

From this reading Ruth Heritage, dressed in the deepest mourning, sat in the great room of Heritage Hall, looking out upon the grounds but seeing them not.

hadauxiliary verbUS /hæd/

the past form of “have”, used to form the past perfect

From this reading Ruth, when her first paroxysm of grief was over and she could think calmly, acknowledged that it was far better that the man whom she had loved so devotedly should be lying in the green churchyard than that he should be living a hunted outcast, perhaps imprisoned in a living tomb on which the iron hand of the law had turned the key for ever.

HallnounUS /hɔːl/

an interior passage or corridor onto which rooms open

From this reading Ruth Heritage, dressed in the deepest mourning, sat in the great room of Heritage Hall, looking out upon the grounds but seeing them not.

haltsnounUS /hɔːlts/

plural of “halt” — the state of inactivity following an interruption

From this reading At the grave Justice halts—beyond it neither friends can aid nor foes pursue.

handnounUS /hænd/

the (prehensile) extremity of the superior limb

From this reading Ruth, when her first paroxysm of grief was over and she could think calmly, acknowledged that it was far better that the man whom she had loved so devotedly should be lying in the green churchyard than that he should be living a hunted outcast, perhaps imprisoned in a living tomb on which the iron hand of the law had turned the key for ever.

hepronounUS /hiː/

a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading Ruth, when her first paroxysm of grief was over and she could think calmly, acknowledged that it was far better that the man whom she had loved so devotedly should be lying in the green churchyard than that he should be living a hunted outcast, perhaps imprisoned in a living tomb on which the iron hand of the law had turned the key for ever.

HerdeterminerUS /hɜːr/

belonging to a woman, girl, or female animal already mentioned

From this reading Her thoughts were far away in the past, and the form that was ever before her eyes was the form of her dead husband.

HeritagenounUS /ˈherətədʒ/

practices that are handed down from the past by tradition

From this reading Ruth Heritage, dressed in the deepest mourning, sat in the great room of Heritage Hall, looking out upon the grounds but seeing them not.

himpronounUS /hɪm/

the male already mentioned, as the object of a verb or preposition

From this reading With all his sins upon him, Edward Marston slept the long sleep until the Great Judge should call him.

hisdeterminerUS /hɪz/

belonging to a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned

From this reading With all his sins upon him, Edward Marston slept the long sleep until the Great Judge should call him.

huntedadjectiveUS /ˈhʌntəd/

reflecting the fear or terror of one who is hunted

From this reading Ruth, when her first paroxysm of grief was over and she could think calmly, acknowledged that it was far better that the man whom she had loved so devotedly should be lying in the green churchyard than that he should be living a hunted outcast, perhaps imprisoned in a living tomb on which the iron hand of the law had turned the key for ever.

husbandnounUS /ˈhʌzbənd/

a married man; a woman's partner in marriage

From this reading Her thoughts were far away in the past, and the form that was ever before her eyes was the form of her dead husband.

imprisonedadjectiveUS /ˌɪmˈprɪzənd/

being in captivity

From this reading Ruth, when her first paroxysm of grief was over and she could think calmly, acknowledged that it was far better that the man whom she had loved so devotedly should be lying in the green churchyard than that he should be living a hunted outcast, perhaps imprisoned in a living tomb on which the iron hand of the law had turned the key for ever.

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading Ruth Heritage, dressed in the deepest mourning, sat in the great room of Heritage Hall, looking out upon the grounds but seeing them not.

ironnounUS /ˈaɪərn/

a heavy ductile magnetic metallic element; is silver-white in pure form but readily rusts; used in construction and tools and armament; plays a role in the transport of oxygen by the blood

From this reading Ruth, when her first paroxysm of grief was over and she could think calmly, acknowledged that it was far better that the man whom she had loved so devotedly should be lying in the green churchyard than that he should be living a hunted outcast, perhaps imprisoned in a living tomb on which the iron hand of the law had turned the key for ever.

itpronounUS /ɪt/

a thing, animal, or idea already mentioned

From this reading Ruth, when her first paroxysm of grief was over and she could think calmly, acknowledged that it was far better that the man whom she had loved so devotedly should be lying in the green churchyard than that he should be living a hunted outcast, perhaps imprisoned in a living tomb on which the iron hand of the law had turned the key for ever.

JudgeverbUS /dʒʌdʒ/

determine the result of (a competition)

From this reading With all his sins upon him, Edward Marston slept the long sleep until the Great Judge should call him.

JusticenounUS /ˈdʒʌstəs/

the quality of being just or fair

From this reading At the grave Justice halts—beyond it neither friends can aid nor foes pursue.

keynounUS /kiː/

metal device shaped in such a way that when it is inserted into the appropriate lock the lock's mechanism can be rotated

From this reading Ruth, when her first paroxysm of grief was over and she could think calmly, acknowledged that it was far better that the man whom she had loved so devotedly should be lying in the green churchyard than that he should be living a hunted outcast, perhaps imprisoned in a living tomb on which the iron hand of the law had turned the key for ever.

lawnounUS /lɔː/

the collection of rules imposed by authority

From this reading Ruth, when her first paroxysm of grief was over and she could think calmly, acknowledged that it was far better that the man whom she had loved so devotedly should be lying in the green churchyard than that he should be living a hunted outcast, perhaps imprisoned in a living tomb on which the iron hand of the law had turned the key for ever.

livingnounUS /ˈlɪvɪŋ/

the experience of being alive; the course of human events and activities

From this reading Ruth, when her first paroxysm of grief was over and she could think calmly, acknowledged that it was far better that the man whom she had loved so devotedly should be lying in the green churchyard than that he should be living a hunted outcast, perhaps imprisoned in a living tomb on which the iron hand of the law had turned the key for ever.

longadjectiveUS /lɔːŋ/

primarily temporal sense; being or indicating a relatively great or greater than average duration or passage of time or a duration as specified

From this reading With all his sins upon him, Edward Marston slept the long sleep until the Great Judge should call him.

lookingnounUS /ˈlʊkɪŋ/

the act of directing the eyes toward something and perceiving it visually

From this reading Ruth Heritage, dressed in the deepest mourning, sat in the great room of Heritage Hall, looking out upon the grounds but seeing them not.

lovedadjectiveUS /lʌvd/

held dear

From this reading Ruth, when her first paroxysm of grief was over and she could think calmly, acknowledged that it was far better that the man whom she had loved so devotedly should be lying in the green churchyard than that he should be living a hunted outcast, perhaps imprisoned in a living tomb on which the iron hand of the law had turned the key for ever.

lyingnounUS /ˈlaɪɪŋ/

the deliberate act of deviating from the truth

From this reading Ruth, when her first paroxysm of grief was over and she could think calmly, acknowledged that it was far better that the man whom she had loved so devotedly should be lying in the green churchyard than that he should be living a hunted outcast, perhaps imprisoned in a living tomb on which the iron hand of the law had turned the key for ever.

mannounUS /mæn/

an adult person who is male (as opposed to a woman)

From this reading Ruth, when her first paroxysm of grief was over and she could think calmly, acknowledged that it was far better that the man whom she had loved so devotedly should be lying in the green churchyard than that he should be living a hunted outcast, perhaps imprisoned in a living tomb on which the iron hand of the law had turned the key for ever.

Marston

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading With all his sins upon him, Edward Marston slept the long sleep until the Great Judge should call him.

mourningnounUS /ˈmɔːrnɪŋ/

state of sorrow over the death or departure of a loved one

From this reading Ruth Heritage, dressed in the deepest mourning, sat in the great room of Heritage Hall, looking out upon the grounds but seeing them not.

neitherdeterminerUS /ˈniːðər/

not one and not the other of two

From this reading At the grave Justice halts—beyond it neither friends can aid nor foes pursue.

norconjunctionUS /nɔːr/

and not; used after a negative to add a second negative

From this reading At the grave Justice halts—beyond it neither friends can aid nor foes pursue.

notadverbUS /nɑːt/

used to make a word, phrase, or sentence negative

From this reading Ruth Heritage, dressed in the deepest mourning, sat in the great room of Heritage Hall, looking out upon the grounds but seeing them not.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading Ruth Heritage, dressed in the deepest mourning, sat in the great room of Heritage Hall, looking out upon the grounds but seeing them not.

onprepositionUS /ɑːn/

touching and supported by a surface

From this reading Ruth, when her first paroxysm of grief was over and she could think calmly, acknowledged that it was far better that the man whom she had loved so devotedly should be lying in the green churchyard than that he should be living a hunted outcast, perhaps imprisoned in a living tomb on which the iron hand of the law had turned the key for ever.

outadjectiveUS /aʊt/

not allowed to continue to bat or run

From this reading Ruth Heritage, dressed in the deepest mourning, sat in the great room of Heritage Hall, looking out upon the grounds but seeing them not.

outcastnounUS /ˈaʊtkæst/

a person who is rejected (from society or home)

From this reading Ruth, when her first paroxysm of grief was over and she could think calmly, acknowledged that it was far better that the man whom she had loved so devotedly should be lying in the green churchyard than that he should be living a hunted outcast, perhaps imprisoned in a living tomb on which the iron hand of the law had turned the key for ever.

overprepositionUS /ˈoʊvər/

above and across; more than

From this reading Ruth, when her first paroxysm of grief was over and she could think calmly, acknowledged that it was far better that the man whom she had loved so devotedly should be lying in the green churchyard than that he should be living a hunted outcast, perhaps imprisoned in a living tomb on which the iron hand of the law had turned the key for ever.

paroxysmnoun

a sudden uncontrollable attack

From this reading Ruth, when her first paroxysm of grief was over and she could think calmly, acknowledged that it was far better that the man whom she had loved so devotedly should be lying in the green churchyard than that he should be living a hunted outcast, perhaps imprisoned in a living tomb on which the iron hand of the law had turned the key for ever.

pastnounUS /pæst/

the time that has elapsed

From this reading Her thoughts were far away in the past, and the form that was ever before her eyes was the form of her dead husband.

perhapsadverbUS /pərˈhæps/

by chance

From this reading Ruth, when her first paroxysm of grief was over and she could think calmly, acknowledged that it was far better that the man whom she had loved so devotedly should be lying in the green churchyard than that he should be living a hunted outcast, perhaps imprisoned in a living tomb on which the iron hand of the law had turned the key for ever.

pursueverbUS /pərˈsuː/

carry out or participate in an activity; be involved in

From this reading At the grave Justice halts—beyond it neither friends can aid nor foes pursue.

roomnounUS /ruːm/

an area within a building enclosed by walls and floor and ceiling

From this reading Ruth Heritage, dressed in the deepest mourning, sat in the great room of Heritage Hall, looking out upon the grounds but seeing them not.

RuthnounUS /ruːθ/

United States professional baseball player famous for hitting home runs (1895-1948)

From this reading Ruth Heritage, dressed in the deepest mourning, sat in the great room of Heritage Hall, looking out upon the grounds but seeing them not.

satnounUS /sæt/

the seventh and last day of the week; observed as the Sabbath by Jews and some Christians

From this reading Ruth Heritage, dressed in the deepest mourning, sat in the great room of Heritage Hall, looking out upon the grounds but seeing them not.

seeingnounUS /ˈsiːɪŋ/

perception by means of the eyes

From this reading Ruth Heritage, dressed in the deepest mourning, sat in the great room of Heritage Hall, looking out upon the grounds but seeing them not.

shepronounUS /ʃiː/

a woman, girl, or female animal already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading Ruth, when her first paroxysm of grief was over and she could think calmly, acknowledged that it was far better that the man whom she had loved so devotedly should be lying in the green churchyard than that he should be living a hunted outcast, perhaps imprisoned in a living tomb on which the iron hand of the law had turned the key for ever.

shouldmodal verbUS /ʃʊd/

used to say what is right, expected, or advisable

From this reading Ruth, when her first paroxysm of grief was over and she could think calmly, acknowledged that it was far better that the man whom she had loved so devotedly should be lying in the green churchyard than that he should be living a hunted outcast, perhaps imprisoned in a living tomb on which the iron hand of the law had turned the key for ever.

sinsnounUS /sɪnz/

plural of “sin” — estrangement from god

From this reading With all his sins upon him, Edward Marston slept the long sleep until the Great Judge should call him.

sleepnounUS /sliːp/

a natural and periodic state of rest during which consciousness of the world is suspended

From this reading With all his sins upon him, Edward Marston slept the long sleep until the Great Judge should call him.

sleptverbUS /slept/

inflected form of “sleep” — be asleep

From this reading With all his sins upon him, Edward Marston slept the long sleep until the Great Judge should call him.

soconjunctionUS /soʊ/

for that reason; with the result that

From this reading Ruth, when her first paroxysm of grief was over and she could think calmly, acknowledged that it was far better that the man whom she had loved so devotedly should be lying in the green churchyard than that he should be living a hunted outcast, perhaps imprisoned in a living tomb on which the iron hand of the law had turned the key for ever.

thanconjunctionUS /ðæn/

used to introduce the second part of a comparison

From this reading Ruth, when her first paroxysm of grief was over and she could think calmly, acknowledged that it was far better that the man whom she had loved so devotedly should be lying in the green churchyard than that he should be living a hunted outcast, perhaps imprisoned in a living tomb on which the iron hand of the law had turned the key for ever.

thatconjunctionUS /ðæt/

used to introduce what somebody said, thought, or felt

From this reading Her thoughts were far away in the past, and the form that was ever before her eyes was the form of her dead husband.

thedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading Ruth Heritage, dressed in the deepest mourning, sat in the great room of Heritage Hall, looking out upon the grounds but seeing them not.

thempronounUS /ðem/

the people or things already mentioned, as the object

From this reading Ruth Heritage, dressed in the deepest mourning, sat in the great room of Heritage Hall, looking out upon the grounds but seeing them not.

thinkverbUS /θɪŋk/

judge or regard; look upon; judge

From this reading Ruth, when her first paroxysm of grief was over and she could think calmly, acknowledged that it was far better that the man whom she had loved so devotedly should be lying in the green churchyard than that he should be living a hunted outcast, perhaps imprisoned in a living tomb on which the iron hand of the law had turned the key for ever.

thoughtsnounUS /θɔːts/

plural of “thought” — the content of cognition; the main thing you are thinking about

From this reading Her thoughts were far away in the past, and the form that was ever before her eyes was the form of her dead husband.

tombnounUS /tuːm/

a place for the burial of a corpse (especially beneath the ground and marked by a tombstone)

From this reading Ruth, when her first paroxysm of grief was over and she could think calmly, acknowledged that it was far better that the man whom she had loved so devotedly should be lying in the green churchyard than that he should be living a hunted outcast, perhaps imprisoned in a living tomb on which the iron hand of the law had turned the key for ever.

turnedadjectiveUS /tɜːrnd/

moved around an axis or center

From this reading Ruth, when her first paroxysm of grief was over and she could think calmly, acknowledged that it was far better that the man whom she had loved so devotedly should be lying in the green churchyard than that he should be living a hunted outcast, perhaps imprisoned in a living tomb on which the iron hand of the law had turned the key for ever.

untilprepositionUS /ənˈtɪl/

up to a particular time

From this reading With all his sins upon him, Edward Marston slept the long sleep until the Great Judge should call him.

uponprepositionUS /əˈpɑːn/

a formal word for “on”

From this reading Ruth Heritage, dressed in the deepest mourning, sat in the great room of Heritage Hall, looking out upon the grounds but seeing them not.

wasauxiliary verbUS /wɑːz/

the past form of “be” used with I, he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading Her thoughts were far away in the past, and the form that was ever before her eyes was the form of her dead husband.

wereauxiliary verbUS /wɜːr/

the past form of “be” used with you, we, they, or a plural noun

From this reading Her thoughts were far away in the past, and the form that was ever before her eyes was the form of her dead husband.

whenconjunctionUS /wen/

at the time that

From this reading Ruth, when her first paroxysm of grief was over and she could think calmly, acknowledged that it was far better that the man whom she had loved so devotedly should be lying in the green churchyard than that he should be living a hunted outcast, perhaps imprisoned in a living tomb on which the iron hand of the law had turned the key for ever.

whichpronounUS /wɪtʃ/

used to introduce a clause giving more about a thing just mentioned

From this reading Ruth, when her first paroxysm of grief was over and she could think calmly, acknowledged that it was far better that the man whom she had loved so devotedly should be lying in the green churchyard than that he should be living a hunted outcast, perhaps imprisoned in a living tomb on which the iron hand of the law had turned the key for ever.

whompronounUS /huːm/

the form of “who” used as the object of a verb or preposition

From this reading Ruth, when her first paroxysm of grief was over and she could think calmly, acknowledged that it was far better that the man whom she had loved so devotedly should be lying in the green churchyard than that he should be living a hunted outcast, perhaps imprisoned in a living tomb on which the iron hand of the law had turned the key for ever.

WithprepositionUS /wɪð/

in the company of; together with

From this reading With all his sins upon him, Edward Marston slept the long sleep until the Great Judge should call him.

Chapter 40 of Rogues and Vagabonds by George R. (George Robert) Sims holds 137 sentences, grouped into 28 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 40 of Rogues and Vagabonds contain?

Chapter 40 holds 137 sentences of Rogues and Vagabonds, unabridged, divided into 28 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 40 of Rogues and Vagabonds by George R. (George Robert) Sims exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 137 sentences, grouped into 28 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 40 of Rogues and Vagabonds?

Work through the 28 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 28 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 40 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 40 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading Rogues and Vagabonds

Common questions about reading Rogues and Vagabonds by George R. (George Robert) Sims on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of Rogues and Vagabonds?

Yes. All 8655 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #46443 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of Rogues and Vagabonds is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #46443, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does Rogues and Vagabonds take to read?

About 600 minutes of reading across 1731 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

How to read Rogues and Vagabonds section by section

How to work through Rogues and Vagabonds section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.

  1. Open a chapter

    Choose one of the 40 chapters of Rogues and Vagabonds to begin.

  2. Read one section

    Each section holds 5 sentences; read it once through.

  3. Listen and tap

    Play the section aloud, then tap any unfamiliar word for its entry.

Vocabulary met early in Rogues and Vagabonds

Words and structures a reader meets early in Rogues and Vagabonds, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Going
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Rogues and Vagabonds; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Cloudless
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Rogues and Vagabonds; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Heavens
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Rogues and Vagabonds; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Waves
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Rogues and Vagabonds; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.