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Romances of Old Japan
Romances of Old Japan

Chapter V

Chapter 5 of Romances of Old Japan is here in full — 882 sentences across 177 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

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Context Illustration Reading 1/176 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
SCENE: A village school kept by Takebe Genzo and his wife Tonami, both devoted vassals of the exiled Prime Minister, Michizane Sugawara.
Among Takebe's pupils is the young Sugawara.
This boy they disguise and pass off as their own child.
The little lord, though only eight years of age, excels in everything among the pupils and, inheriting the ability from his father, writes Chinese hieroglyphics with great skill.
The senior pupil is a lazy, stupid, and incorrigibly mischievous fellow, fifteen years of age, who will not study at all.
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A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

Romances of Old Japan

Chapter V

Chapter 5 of Romances of Old Japan is here in full — 882 sentences across 177 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/176 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
SCENE: A village school kept by Takebe Genzo and his wife Tonami, both devoted vassals of the exiled Prime Minister, Michizane Sugawara.
Line 2
Among Takebe's pupils is the young Sugawara.
Line 3
This boy they disguise and pass off as their own child.
/ðɪs bɔɪ ðeɪ dɪsˈɡaɪz ənd pæs ɔːf æz ðer oʊn tʃaɪld/
Line 4
The little lord, though only eight years of age, excels in everything among the pupils and, inheriting the ability from his father, writes Chinese hieroglyphics with great skill.
/ðə ˈlɪtəl lɔːrd ðoʊ ˈoʊnli eɪt jɪrz ʌv eɪdʒ ɪkˈselz ɪn ˈevriθɪŋ əˈmʌŋ ðə ˈpjuːpəlz ənd ˌɪnˈherətɪŋ ðə əˈbɪlətiː frʌm hɪz ˈfɑːðər raɪts tʃaɪˈniːz ˌhaɪroʊˈɡlɪfɪks wɪð ɡreɪt skɪl/
Line 5
The senior pupil is a lazy, stupid, and incorrigibly mischievous fellow, fifteen years of age, who will not study at all.

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

excels verb US /ɪkˈselz/

third-person singular of “excel” — distinguish oneself

From this reading “The little lord, though only eight years of age, excels in everything among the pupils and, inheriting the ability from his father, writes Chinese hieroglyphics with great skill.”

exiled verb US /ˈeɡzaɪld/

past form of “exile” — expel from a country

From this reading “SCENE: A village school kept by Takebe Genzo and his wife Tonami, both devoted vassals of the exiled Prime Minister, Michizane Sugawara.”

hieroglyphics noun US /ˌhaɪroʊˈɡlɪfɪks/

plural of “hieroglyphic” — writing that resembles hieroglyphics (usually by being illegible)

From this reading “The little lord, though only eight years of age, excels in everything among the pupils and, inheriting the ability from his father, writes Chinese hieroglyphics with great skill.”

inheriting adjective US /ˌɪnˈherətɪŋ/

having the legal right to inherit

From this reading “The little lord, though only eight years of age, excels in everything among the pupils and, inheriting the ability from his father, writes Chinese hieroglyphics with great skill.”

mischievous adjective US /ˈmɪstʃəvəs/

naughtily or annoyingly playful

From this reading “The senior pupil is a lazy, stupid, and incorrigibly mischievous fellow, fifteen years of age, who will not study at all.”

pupils noun US /ˈpjuːpəlz/

plural of “pupil” — a learner who is enrolled in an educational institution

From this reading “Among Takebe's pupils is the young Sugawara.”

senior adjective US /ˈsiːnjər/

older; higher in rank; longer in length of tenure or service

From this reading “The senior pupil is a lazy, stupid, and incorrigibly mischievous fellow, fifteen years of age, who will not study at all.”

vassals noun US /ˈvæsəlz/

plural of “vassal” — a person holding a fief; a person who owes allegiance and service to a feudal lord

From this reading “SCENE: A village school kept by Takebe Genzo and his wife Tonami, both devoted vassals of the exiled Prime Minister, Michizane Sugawara.”

Word partnerships in these lines

English keeps certain words together, and knowing the pair is worth more than knowing each word alone. Every partnership below was counted across our whole published library, and earns its place by appearing far more often than two unrelated words of the same frequency would.

Shown as this reading writes them, with the form the library counts, what kind of pairing it is, and how often it occurs.

fifteen years noun + noun

In this reading “The senior pupil is a lazy, stupid, and incorrigibly mischievous fellow, fifteen years of age, who will not study at all.”

eight years adjective + noun

In this reading “The little lord, though only eight years of age, excels in everything among the pupils and, inheriting the ability from his father, writes Chinese hieroglyphics with great skill.”

great skill adjective + noun

In this reading “The little lord, though only eight years of age, excels in everything among the pupils and, inheriting the ability from his father, writes Chinese hieroglyphics with great skill.”

village school noun + noun

In this reading “SCENE: A village school kept by Takebe Genzo and his wife Tonami, both devoted vassals of the exiled Prime Minister, Michizane Sugawara.”

excels in verb + particle counted as “excel in”

In this reading “The little lord, though only eight years of age, excels in everything among the pupils and, inheriting the ability from his father, writes Chinese hieroglyphics with great skill.”

own child verb + noun

In this reading “This boy they disguise and pass off as their own child.”

pass off verb + particle

be accepted as something or somebody in a false character or identity

In this reading “This boy they disguise and pass off as their own child.”

All words in this reading · 71

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

AdeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading SCENE: A village school kept by Takebe Genzo and his wife Tonami, both devoted vassals of the exiled Prime Minister, Michizane Sugawara.

abilitynounUS /əˈbɪlətiː/

the quality of being able to perform; a quality that permits or facilitates achievement or accomplishment

From this reading The little lord, though only eight years of age, excels in everything among the pupils and, inheriting the ability from his father, writes Chinese hieroglyphics with great skill.

agenounUS /eɪdʒ/

how long something has existed

From this reading The little lord, though only eight years of age, excels in everything among the pupils and, inheriting the ability from his father, writes Chinese hieroglyphics with great skill.

alladjectiveUS /ɔːl/

(quantifier) used with either mass or count nouns to indicate the whole number or amount of or every one of a class

From this reading The senior pupil is a lazy, stupid, and incorrigibly mischievous fellow, fifteen years of age, who will not study at all.

AmongprepositionUS /əˈmʌŋ/

surrounded by; in the middle of a group

From this reading Among Takebe's pupils is the young Sugawara.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading SCENE: A village school kept by Takebe Genzo and his wife Tonami, both devoted vassals of the exiled Prime Minister, Michizane Sugawara.

asconjunctionUS /æz/

at the same time that; because; in the way that

From this reading This boy they disguise and pass off as their own child.

atprepositionUS /æt/

in or near a particular place or position

From this reading The senior pupil is a lazy, stupid, and incorrigibly mischievous fellow, fifteen years of age, who will not study at all.

bothdeterminerUS /boʊθ/

the two together, not just one

From this reading SCENE: A village school kept by Takebe Genzo and his wife Tonami, both devoted vassals of the exiled Prime Minister, Michizane Sugawara.

boynounUS /bɔɪ/

a youthful male person

From this reading This boy they disguise and pass off as their own child.

byprepositionUS /baɪ/

showing who or what does the action

From this reading SCENE: A village school kept by Takebe Genzo and his wife Tonami, both devoted vassals of the exiled Prime Minister, Michizane Sugawara.

childnounUS /tʃaɪld/

a young person of either sex

From this reading This boy they disguise and pass off as their own child.

ChinesenounUS /tʃaɪˈniːz/

any of the Sino-Tibetan languages spoken in China; regarded as dialects of a single language (even though they are mutually unintelligible) because they share an ideographic writing system

From this reading The little lord, though only eight years of age, excels in everything among the pupils and, inheriting the ability from his father, writes Chinese hieroglyphics with great skill.

devotedadjectiveUS /dɪˈvoʊtɪd/

zealous in devotion or affection

From this reading SCENE: A village school kept by Takebe Genzo and his wife Tonami, both devoted vassals of the exiled Prime Minister, Michizane Sugawara.

disguisenounUS /dɪsˈɡaɪz/

A means of altering one's appearance to conceal one's identity.

From this reading This boy they disguise and pass off as their own child.

eightadjectiveUS /eɪt/

being one more than seven

From this reading The little lord, though only eight years of age, excels in everything among the pupils and, inheriting the ability from his father, writes Chinese hieroglyphics with great skill.

everythingpronounUS /ˈevriθɪŋ/

all things; all of a situation

From this reading The little lord, though only eight years of age, excels in everything among the pupils and, inheriting the ability from his father, writes Chinese hieroglyphics with great skill.

excelsverbUS /ɪkˈselz/

third-person singular of “excel” — distinguish oneself

From this reading The little lord, though only eight years of age, excels in everything among the pupils and, inheriting the ability from his father, writes Chinese hieroglyphics with great skill.

exiledverbUS /ˈeɡzaɪld/

past form of “exile” — expel from a country

From this reading SCENE: A village school kept by Takebe Genzo and his wife Tonami, both devoted vassals of the exiled Prime Minister, Michizane Sugawara.

fathernounUS /ˈfɑːðər/

a male parent (also used as a term of address to your father)

From this reading The little lord, though only eight years of age, excels in everything among the pupils and, inheriting the ability from his father, writes Chinese hieroglyphics with great skill.

fellownounUS /ˈfeloʊ/

a boy or man

From this reading The senior pupil is a lazy, stupid, and incorrigibly mischievous fellow, fifteen years of age, who will not study at all.

fifteennounUS /fɪfˈtiːn/

the cardinal number that is the sum of fourteen and one

From this reading The senior pupil is a lazy, stupid, and incorrigibly mischievous fellow, fifteen years of age, who will not study at all.

fromprepositionUS /frʌm/

showing where something starts, or who sent it

From this reading The little lord, though only eight years of age, excels in everything among the pupils and, inheriting the ability from his father, writes Chinese hieroglyphics with great skill.

Genzo

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading SCENE: A village school kept by Takebe Genzo and his wife Tonami, both devoted vassals of the exiled Prime Minister, Michizane Sugawara.

greatadjectiveUS /ɡreɪt/

relatively large in size or number or extent; larger than others of its kind

From this reading The little lord, though only eight years of age, excels in everything among the pupils and, inheriting the ability from his father, writes Chinese hieroglyphics with great skill.

hieroglyphicsnounUS /ˌhaɪroʊˈɡlɪfɪks/

plural of “hieroglyphic” — writing that resembles hieroglyphics (usually by being illegible)

From this reading The little lord, though only eight years of age, excels in everything among the pupils and, inheriting the ability from his father, writes Chinese hieroglyphics with great skill.

hisdeterminerUS /hɪz/

belonging to a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned

From this reading SCENE: A village school kept by Takebe Genzo and his wife Tonami, both devoted vassals of the exiled Prime Minister, Michizane Sugawara.

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading The little lord, though only eight years of age, excels in everything among the pupils and, inheriting the ability from his father, writes Chinese hieroglyphics with great skill.

incorrigiblyadverb

in an incorrigible manner

From this reading The senior pupil is a lazy, stupid, and incorrigibly mischievous fellow, fifteen years of age, who will not study at all.

inheritingadjectiveUS /ˌɪnˈherətɪŋ/

having the legal right to inherit

From this reading The little lord, though only eight years of age, excels in everything among the pupils and, inheriting the ability from his father, writes Chinese hieroglyphics with great skill.

isauxiliary verbUS /ɪz/

the form of “be” used with he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading Among Takebe's pupils is the young Sugawara.

keptadjectiveUS /kept/

(especially of promises or contracts) not violated or disregarded

From this reading SCENE: A village school kept by Takebe Genzo and his wife Tonami, both devoted vassals of the exiled Prime Minister, Michizane Sugawara.

lazyadjectiveUS /ˈleɪzi/

moving slowly and gently

From this reading The senior pupil is a lazy, stupid, and incorrigibly mischievous fellow, fifteen years of age, who will not study at all.

littleadjectiveUS /ˈlɪtəl/

limited or below average in number or quantity or magnitude or extent

From this reading The little lord, though only eight years of age, excels in everything among the pupils and, inheriting the ability from his father, writes Chinese hieroglyphics with great skill.

lordnounUS /lɔːrd/

terms referring to the Judeo-Christian God

From this reading The little lord, though only eight years of age, excels in everything among the pupils and, inheriting the ability from his father, writes Chinese hieroglyphics with great skill.

Michizane

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading SCENE: A village school kept by Takebe Genzo and his wife Tonami, both devoted vassals of the exiled Prime Minister, Michizane Sugawara.

MinisternounUS /ˈmɪnəstər/

a person authorized to conduct religious worship

From this reading SCENE: A village school kept by Takebe Genzo and his wife Tonami, both devoted vassals of the exiled Prime Minister, Michizane Sugawara.

mischievousadjectiveUS /ˈmɪstʃəvəs/

naughtily or annoyingly playful

From this reading The senior pupil is a lazy, stupid, and incorrigibly mischievous fellow, fifteen years of age, who will not study at all.

notadverbUS /nɑːt/

used to make a word, phrase, or sentence negative

From this reading The senior pupil is a lazy, stupid, and incorrigibly mischievous fellow, fifteen years of age, who will not study at all.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading SCENE: A village school kept by Takebe Genzo and his wife Tonami, both devoted vassals of the exiled Prime Minister, Michizane Sugawara.

offadverbUS /ɔːf/

from a particular thing or place or position (“forth” is obsolete)

From this reading This boy they disguise and pass off as their own child.

onlyadverbUS /ˈoʊnli/

and nothing more

From this reading The little lord, though only eight years of age, excels in everything among the pupils and, inheriting the ability from his father, writes Chinese hieroglyphics with great skill.

ownverbUS /oʊn/

have ownership or possession of

From this reading This boy they disguise and pass off as their own child.

passverbUS /pæs/

go across or through

From this reading This boy they disguise and pass off as their own child.

PrimeadjectiveUS /praɪm/

first in rank or degree

From this reading SCENE: A village school kept by Takebe Genzo and his wife Tonami, both devoted vassals of the exiled Prime Minister, Michizane Sugawara.

pupilnounUS /ˈpjuːpəl/

a learner who is enrolled in an educational institution

From this reading The senior pupil is a lazy, stupid, and incorrigibly mischievous fellow, fifteen years of age, who will not study at all.

pupilsnounUS /ˈpjuːpəlz/

plural of “pupil” — a learner who is enrolled in an educational institution

From this reading Among Takebe's pupils is the young Sugawara.

SCENEnounUS /siːn/

the place where some action occurs

From this reading SCENE: A village school kept by Takebe Genzo and his wife Tonami, both devoted vassals of the exiled Prime Minister, Michizane Sugawara.

schoolnounUS /skuːl/

an educational institution

From this reading SCENE: A village school kept by Takebe Genzo and his wife Tonami, both devoted vassals of the exiled Prime Minister, Michizane Sugawara.

senioradjectiveUS /ˈsiːnjər/

older; higher in rank; longer in length of tenure or service

From this reading The senior pupil is a lazy, stupid, and incorrigibly mischievous fellow, fifteen years of age, who will not study at all.

skillnounUS /skɪl/

an ability that has been acquired by training

From this reading The little lord, though only eight years of age, excels in everything among the pupils and, inheriting the ability from his father, writes Chinese hieroglyphics with great skill.

studynounUS /ˈstʌdi/

a detailed critical inspection

From this reading The senior pupil is a lazy, stupid, and incorrigibly mischievous fellow, fifteen years of age, who will not study at all.

stupidadjectiveUS /ˈstuːpəd/

lacking or marked by lack of intellectual acuity

From this reading The senior pupil is a lazy, stupid, and incorrigibly mischievous fellow, fifteen years of age, who will not study at all.

Sugawara

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading SCENE: A village school kept by Takebe Genzo and his wife Tonami, both devoted vassals of the exiled Prime Minister, Michizane Sugawara.

Takebe

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading SCENE: A village school kept by Takebe Genzo and his wife Tonami, both devoted vassals of the exiled Prime Minister, Michizane Sugawara.

Takebe's

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Among Takebe's pupils is the young Sugawara.

thedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading SCENE: A village school kept by Takebe Genzo and his wife Tonami, both devoted vassals of the exiled Prime Minister, Michizane Sugawara.

theirdeterminerUS /ðer/

belonging to the people or things already mentioned

From this reading This boy they disguise and pass off as their own child.

theypronounUS /ðeɪ/

the people, animals, or things already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading This boy they disguise and pass off as their own child.

ThisdeterminerUS /ðɪs/

used for a person or thing that is near, or that has just been mentioned

From this reading This boy they disguise and pass off as their own child.

thoughconjunctionUS /ðoʊ/

in spite of the fact that

From this reading The little lord, though only eight years of age, excels in everything among the pupils and, inheriting the ability from his father, writes Chinese hieroglyphics with great skill.

Tonami

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading SCENE: A village school kept by Takebe Genzo and his wife Tonami, both devoted vassals of the exiled Prime Minister, Michizane Sugawara.

vassalsnounUS /ˈvæsəlz/

plural of “vassal” — a person holding a fief; a person who owes allegiance and service to a feudal lord

From this reading SCENE: A village school kept by Takebe Genzo and his wife Tonami, both devoted vassals of the exiled Prime Minister, Michizane Sugawara.

villagenounUS /ˈvɪlədʒ/

a community of people smaller than a town

From this reading SCENE: A village school kept by Takebe Genzo and his wife Tonami, both devoted vassals of the exiled Prime Minister, Michizane Sugawara.

whopronounUS /huː/

which person or people

From this reading The senior pupil is a lazy, stupid, and incorrigibly mischievous fellow, fifteen years of age, who will not study at all.

wifenounUS /waɪf/

a married woman; a man's partner in marriage

From this reading SCENE: A village school kept by Takebe Genzo and his wife Tonami, both devoted vassals of the exiled Prime Minister, Michizane Sugawara.

willmodal verbUS /wɪl/

used to talk about the future, or about willingness

From this reading The senior pupil is a lazy, stupid, and incorrigibly mischievous fellow, fifteen years of age, who will not study at all.

withprepositionUS /wɪð/

in the company of; together with

From this reading The little lord, though only eight years of age, excels in everything among the pupils and, inheriting the ability from his father, writes Chinese hieroglyphics with great skill.

writesverbUS /raɪts/

third-person singular of “write” — produce a literary work

From this reading The little lord, though only eight years of age, excels in everything among the pupils and, inheriting the ability from his father, writes Chinese hieroglyphics with great skill.

yearsnounUS /jɪrz/

a late time of life

From this reading The little lord, though only eight years of age, excels in everything among the pupils and, inheriting the ability from his father, writes Chinese hieroglyphics with great skill.

youngadjectiveUS /jʌŋ/

(used of living things especially persons) in an early period of life or development or growth

From this reading Among Takebe's pupils is the young Sugawara.

Chapter 5 of Romances of Old Japan by Yei Theodora [Translator] Ozaki holds 882 sentences, grouped into 177 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 5 of Romances of Old Japan contain?

Chapter 5 holds 882 sentences of Romances of Old Japan, unabridged, divided into 177 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 5 of Romances of Old Japan by Yei Theodora [Translator] Ozaki exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 882 sentences, grouped into 177 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 5 of Romances of Old Japan?

Work through the 177 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 177 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 5 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 5 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading Romances of Old Japan

Common questions about reading Romances of Old Japan by Yei Theodora [Translator] Ozaki on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of Romances of Old Japan?

Yes. All 3201 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #45933 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of Romances of Old Japan is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #45933, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does Romances of Old Japan take to read?

About 266 minutes of reading across 641 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

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How to work through Romances of Old Japan section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.

  1. Open a chapter

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  3. Listen and tap

    Play the section aloud, then tap any unfamiliar word for its entry.

Vocabulary met early in Romances of Old Japan

Words and structures a reader meets early in Romances of Old Japan, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Https
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Romances of Old Japan; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Gunbei
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Romances of Old Japan; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Watched
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Romances of Old Japan; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Execution
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Romances of Old Japan; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.