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Romola

Chapter V · A Learned Squabble

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Context Illustration Reading 1/38 · 5 lines
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Bartolommeo Scala, secretary of the Florentine Republic, on whom Tito Melema had been thus led to anchor his hopes, lived in a handsome palace close to the Porta Pinti, now known as the Casa Gherardesca.
His arms—an azure ladder transverse on a golden field, with the motto _Gradatim_ placed over the entrance—told all comers that the miller’s son held his ascent to honours by his own efforts a fact to be proclaimed without wincing.
The secretary was a vain and pompous man, but he was also an honest one: he was sincerely convinced of his own merit, and could see no reason for feigning.
The topmost round of his azure ladder had been reached by this time: he had held his secretaryship these twenty years—had long since made his orations on the _ringhiera_, or platform of the Old Palace, as the custom was, in the presence of princely visitors, while Marzocco, the republican lion, wore his gold crown on the occasion, and all the people cried, “Viva Messer Bartolommeo!”—had been on an embassy to Rome, and had there been made titular Senator, Apostolical Secretary, Knight of the Golden Spur; and had, eight years ago, been Gonfaloniere—last goal of the Florentine citizen’s ambition.
Meantime he had got richer and richer, and more and more gouty, after the manner of successful mortality; and the Knight of the Golden Spur had often to sit with helpless cushioned heel under the handsome loggia he had built for himself, overlooking the spacious gardens and lawn at the back of his palace.
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LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

Romola

Chapter V · A Learned Squabble

Reading 1/38 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
Bartolommeo Scala, secretary of the Florentine Republic, on whom Tito Melema had been thus led to anchor his hopes, lived in a handsome palace close to the Porta Pinti, now known as the Casa Gherardesca.
Line 2
His arms—an azure ladder transverse on a golden field, with the motto _Gradatim_ placed over the entrance—told all comers that the miller’s son held his ascent to honours by his own efforts a fact to be proclaimed without wincing.
Line 3
The secretary was a vain and pompous man, but he was also an honest one: he was sincerely convinced of his own merit, and could see no reason for feigning.
Line 4
The topmost round of his azure ladder had been reached by this time: he had held his secretaryship these twenty years—had long since made his orations on the _ringhiera_, or platform of the Old Palace, as the custom was, in the presence of princely visitors, while Marzocco, the republican lion, wore his gold crown on the occasion, and all the people cried, “Viva Messer Bartolommeo!”—had been on an embassy to Rome, and had there been made titular Senator, Apostolical Secretary, Knight of the Golden Spur; and had, eight years ago, been Gonfaloniere—last goal of the Florentine citizen’s ambition.
Line 5
Meantime he had got richer and richer, and more and more gouty, after the manner of successful mortality; and the Knight of the Golden Spur had often to sit with helpless cushioned heel under the handsome loggia he had built for himself, overlooking the spacious gardens and lawn at the back of his palace.

Learner Dictionary

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, audio, and collocations from this reading.

After preposition US /ˈæftər/

later than; following

From this reading “Meantime he had got richer and richer, and more and more gouty, after the manner of successful mortality; and the Knight of the Golden Spur had often to sit with helpless cushioned heel under the handsome loggia he had built for himself, overlooking the spacious gardens and lawn at the back of his palace.”

Been auxiliary verb US /bɪn/

the past participle of “be”

From this reading “Bartolommeo Scala, secretary of the Florentine Republic, on whom Tito Melema had been thus led to anchor his hopes, lived in a handsome palace close to the Porta Pinti, now known as the Casa Gherardesca.”

Could modal verb US /kʊd/

the past of “can”; used for possibility or polite requests

From this reading “The secretary was a vain and pompous man, but he was also an honest one: he was sincerely convinced of his own merit, and could see no reason for feigning.”

Cried noun US /cried/

an important story-specific word used in this passage

From this reading “The topmost round of his azure ladder had been reached by this time: he had held his secretaryship these twenty years—had long since made his orations on the _ringhiera_, or platform of the Old Palace, as the custom was, in the presence of princely visitors, while Marzocco, the republican lion, wore his gold crown on the occasion, and all the people cried, “Viva Messer Bartolommeo!”—had been on an embassy to Rome, and had there been made titular Senator, Apostolical Secretary, Knight of the Golden Spur; and had, eight years ago, been Gonfaloniere—last goal of the Florentine citizen’s ambition.”

Handsome noun US /ˈhandsome/

a story-specific word describing an important person, object, action, or idea in this passage

From this reading “Bartolommeo Scala, secretary of the Florentine Republic, on whom Tito Melema had been thus led to anchor his hopes, lived in a handsome palace close to the Porta Pinti, now known as the Casa Gherardesca.”

Himself pronoun US /hɪmˈself/

used when the man or boy doing the action is also its object

From this reading “Meantime he had got richer and richer, and more and more gouty, after the manner of successful mortality; and the Knight of the Golden Spur had often to sit with helpless cushioned heel under the handsome loggia he had built for himself, overlooking the spacious gardens and lawn at the back of his palace.”

Honest adjective US /ˈɑnɪst/

truthful and trustworthy

From this reading “The secretary was a vain and pompous man, but he was also an honest one: he was sincerely convinced of his own merit, and could see no reason for feigning.”

Last noun US /last/

an important story-specific word used in this passage

From this reading “The topmost round of his azure ladder had been reached by this time: he had held his secretaryship these twenty years—had long since made his orations on the _ringhiera_, or platform of the Old Palace, as the custom was, in the presence of princely visitors, while Marzocco, the republican lion, wore his gold crown on the occasion, and all the people cried, “Viva Messer Bartolommeo!”—had been on an embassy to Rome, and had there been made titular Senator, Apostolical Secretary, Knight of the Golden Spur; and had, eight years ago, been Gonfaloniere—last goal of the Florentine citizen’s ambition.”

Long noun US /long/

an important story-specific word used in this passage

From this reading “The topmost round of his azure ladder had been reached by this time: he had held his secretaryship these twenty years—had long since made his orations on the _ringhiera_, or platform of the Old Palace, as the custom was, in the presence of princely visitors, while Marzocco, the republican lion, wore his gold crown on the occasion, and all the people cried, “Viva Messer Bartolommeo!”—had been on an embassy to Rome, and had there been made titular Senator, Apostolical Secretary, Knight of the Golden Spur; and had, eight years ago, been Gonfaloniere—last goal of the Florentine citizen’s ambition.”

Meantime noun US /ˈmiːntaɪm/

the period of time while something else is happening

From this reading “Meantime he had got richer and richer, and more and more gouty, after the manner of successful mortality; and the Knight of the Golden Spur had often to sit with helpless cushioned heel under the handsome loggia he had built for himself, overlooking the spacious gardens and lawn at the back of his palace.”

One pronoun US /wʌn/

used to mean any person in general, including the speaker

From this reading “The secretary was a vain and pompous man, but he was also an honest one: he was sincerely convinced of his own merit, and could see no reason for feigning.”

Over preposition US /ˈoʊvər/

above and across; more than

From this reading “His arms—an azure ladder transverse on a golden field, with the motto _Gradatim_ placed over the entrance—told all comers that the miller’s son held his ascent to honours by his own efforts a fact to be proclaimed without wincing.”

Since preposition US /sɪns/

from a time in the past until now

From this reading “The topmost round of his azure ladder had been reached by this time: he had held his secretaryship these twenty years—had long since made his orations on the _ringhiera_, or platform of the Old Palace, as the custom was, in the presence of princely visitors, while Marzocco, the republican lion, wore his gold crown on the occasion, and all the people cried, “Viva Messer Bartolommeo!”—had been on an embassy to Rome, and had there been made titular Senator, Apostolical Secretary, Knight of the Golden Spur; and had, eight years ago, been Gonfaloniere—last goal of the Florentine citizen’s ambition.”

These determiner US /ðiːz/

the plural of “this”: the people or things near, or just mentioned

From this reading “The topmost round of his azure ladder had been reached by this time: he had held his secretaryship these twenty years—had long since made his orations on the _ringhiera_, or platform of the Old Palace, as the custom was, in the presence of princely visitors, while Marzocco, the republican lion, wore his gold crown on the occasion, and all the people cried, “Viva Messer Bartolommeo!”—had been on an embassy to Rome, and had there been made titular Senator, Apostolical Secretary, Knight of the Golden Spur; and had, eight years ago, been Gonfaloniere—last goal of the Florentine citizen’s ambition.”

Time noun US /time/

an important story-specific word used in this passage

From this reading “The topmost round of his azure ladder had been reached by this time: he had held his secretaryship these twenty years—had long since made his orations on the _ringhiera_, or platform of the Old Palace, as the custom was, in the presence of princely visitors, while Marzocco, the republican lion, wore his gold crown on the occasion, and all the people cried, “Viva Messer Bartolommeo!”—had been on an embassy to Rome, and had there been made titular Senator, Apostolical Secretary, Knight of the Golden Spur; and had, eight years ago, been Gonfaloniere—last goal of the Florentine citizen’s ambition.”

Told noun US /told/

an important story-specific word used in this passage

From this reading “His arms—an azure ladder transverse on a golden field, with the motto _Gradatim_ placed over the entrance—told all comers that the miller’s son held his ascent to honours by his own efforts a fact to be proclaimed without wincing.”

Under preposition US /ˈʌndər/

below or beneath something; less than

From this reading “Meantime he had got richer and richer, and more and more gouty, after the manner of successful mortality; and the Knight of the Golden Spur had often to sit with helpless cushioned heel under the handsome loggia he had built for himself, overlooking the spacious gardens and lawn at the back of his palace.”

While conjunction US /waɪl/

during the time that

From this reading “The topmost round of his azure ladder had been reached by this time: he had held his secretaryship these twenty years—had long since made his orations on the _ringhiera_, or platform of the Old Palace, as the custom was, in the presence of princely visitors, while Marzocco, the republican lion, wore his gold crown on the occasion, and all the people cried, “Viva Messer Bartolommeo!”—had been on an embassy to Rome, and had there been made titular Senator, Apostolical Secretary, Knight of the Golden Spur; and had, eight years ago, been Gonfaloniere—last goal of the Florentine citizen’s ambition.”

Without preposition US /wɪˈθaʊt/

not having, not using, or not accompanied by

From this reading “His arms—an azure ladder transverse on a golden field, with the motto _Gradatim_ placed over the entrance—told all comers that the miller’s son held his ascent to honours by his own efforts a fact to be proclaimed without wincing.”

All words in this reading · 153

Every word is available to listen to. Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading Bartolommeo Scala, secretary of the Florentine Republic, on whom Tito Melema had been thus led to anchor his hopes, lived in a handsome palace close to the Porta Pinti, now known as the Casa Gherardesca.

afterprepositionUS /ˈæftər/

later than; following

From this reading Meantime he had got richer and richer, and more and more gouty, after the manner of successful mortality; and the Knight of the Golden Spur had often to sit with helpless cushioned heel under the handsome loggia he had built for himself, overlooking the spacious gardens and lawn at the back of his palace.

ago

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The topmost round of his azure ladder had been reached by this time: he had held his secretaryship these twenty years—had long since made his orations on the _ringhiera_, or platform of the Old Palace, as the custom was, in the presence of princely visitors, while Marzocco, the republican lion, wore his gold crown on the occasion, and all the people cried, “Viva Messer Bartolommeo!”—had been on an embassy to Rome, and had there been made titular Senator, Apostolical Secretary, Knight of the Golden Spur; and had, eight years ago, been Gonfaloniere—last goal of the Florentine citizen’s ambition.

all

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading His arms—an azure ladder transverse on a golden field, with the motto _Gradatim_ placed over the entrance—told all comers that the miller’s son held his ascent to honours by his own efforts a fact to be proclaimed without wincing.

also

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The secretary was a vain and pompous man, but he was also an honest one: he was sincerely convinced of his own merit, and could see no reason for feigning.

ambition

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The topmost round of his azure ladder had been reached by this time: he had held his secretaryship these twenty years—had long since made his orations on the _ringhiera_, or platform of the Old Palace, as the custom was, in the presence of princely visitors, while Marzocco, the republican lion, wore his gold crown on the occasion, and all the people cried, “Viva Messer Bartolommeo!”—had been on an embassy to Rome, and had there been made titular Senator, Apostolical Secretary, Knight of the Golden Spur; and had, eight years ago, been Gonfaloniere—last goal of the Florentine citizen’s ambition.

andeterminerUS /æn/

the form of “a” used before a word that begins with a vowel sound

From this reading His arms—an azure ladder transverse on a golden field, with the motto _Gradatim_ placed over the entrance—told all comers that the miller’s son held his ascent to honours by his own efforts a fact to be proclaimed without wincing.

anchor

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Bartolommeo Scala, secretary of the Florentine Republic, on whom Tito Melema had been thus led to anchor his hopes, lived in a handsome palace close to the Porta Pinti, now known as the Casa Gherardesca.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading The secretary was a vain and pompous man, but he was also an honest one: he was sincerely convinced of his own merit, and could see no reason for feigning.

Apostolical

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The topmost round of his azure ladder had been reached by this time: he had held his secretaryship these twenty years—had long since made his orations on the _ringhiera_, or platform of the Old Palace, as the custom was, in the presence of princely visitors, while Marzocco, the republican lion, wore his gold crown on the occasion, and all the people cried, “Viva Messer Bartolommeo!”—had been on an embassy to Rome, and had there been made titular Senator, Apostolical Secretary, Knight of the Golden Spur; and had, eight years ago, been Gonfaloniere—last goal of the Florentine citizen’s ambition.

arms

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading His arms—an azure ladder transverse on a golden field, with the motto _Gradatim_ placed over the entrance—told all comers that the miller’s son held his ascent to honours by his own efforts a fact to be proclaimed without wincing.

asconjunctionUS /æz/

at the same time that; because; in the way that

From this reading Bartolommeo Scala, secretary of the Florentine Republic, on whom Tito Melema had been thus led to anchor his hopes, lived in a handsome palace close to the Porta Pinti, now known as the Casa Gherardesca.

ascent

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading His arms—an azure ladder transverse on a golden field, with the motto _Gradatim_ placed over the entrance—told all comers that the miller’s son held his ascent to honours by his own efforts a fact to be proclaimed without wincing.

atprepositionUS /æt/

in or near a particular place or position

From this reading Meantime he had got richer and richer, and more and more gouty, after the manner of successful mortality; and the Knight of the Golden Spur had often to sit with helpless cushioned heel under the handsome loggia he had built for himself, overlooking the spacious gardens and lawn at the back of his palace.

azure

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading His arms—an azure ladder transverse on a golden field, with the motto _Gradatim_ placed over the entrance—told all comers that the miller’s son held his ascent to honours by his own efforts a fact to be proclaimed without wincing.

back

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Meantime he had got richer and richer, and more and more gouty, after the manner of successful mortality; and the Knight of the Golden Spur had often to sit with helpless cushioned heel under the handsome loggia he had built for himself, overlooking the spacious gardens and lawn at the back of his palace.

Bartolommeo

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Bartolommeo Scala, secretary of the Florentine Republic, on whom Tito Melema had been thus led to anchor his hopes, lived in a handsome palace close to the Porta Pinti, now known as the Casa Gherardesca.

beauxiliary verbUS /biː/

used with a past participle to form the passive, or with -ing for continuous tenses

From this reading His arms—an azure ladder transverse on a golden field, with the motto _Gradatim_ placed over the entrance—told all comers that the miller’s son held his ascent to honours by his own efforts a fact to be proclaimed without wincing.

beenauxiliary verbUS /bɪn/

the past participle of “be”

From this reading Bartolommeo Scala, secretary of the Florentine Republic, on whom Tito Melema had been thus led to anchor his hopes, lived in a handsome palace close to the Porta Pinti, now known as the Casa Gherardesca.

built

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Meantime he had got richer and richer, and more and more gouty, after the manner of successful mortality; and the Knight of the Golden Spur had often to sit with helpless cushioned heel under the handsome loggia he had built for himself, overlooking the spacious gardens and lawn at the back of his palace.

butconjunctionUS /bʌt/

used to introduce something that contrasts with what came before

From this reading The secretary was a vain and pompous man, but he was also an honest one: he was sincerely convinced of his own merit, and could see no reason for feigning.

byprepositionUS /baɪ/

showing who or what does the action

From this reading His arms—an azure ladder transverse on a golden field, with the motto _Gradatim_ placed over the entrance—told all comers that the miller’s son held his ascent to honours by his own efforts a fact to be proclaimed without wincing.

Casa

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Bartolommeo Scala, secretary of the Florentine Republic, on whom Tito Melema had been thus led to anchor his hopes, lived in a handsome palace close to the Porta Pinti, now known as the Casa Gherardesca.

citizen's

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The topmost round of his azure ladder had been reached by this time: he had held his secretaryship these twenty years—had long since made his orations on the _ringhiera_, or platform of the Old Palace, as the custom was, in the presence of princely visitors, while Marzocco, the republican lion, wore his gold crown on the occasion, and all the people cried, “Viva Messer Bartolommeo!”—had been on an embassy to Rome, and had there been made titular Senator, Apostolical Secretary, Knight of the Golden Spur; and had, eight years ago, been Gonfaloniere—last goal of the Florentine citizen’s ambition.

close

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Bartolommeo Scala, secretary of the Florentine Republic, on whom Tito Melema had been thus led to anchor his hopes, lived in a handsome palace close to the Porta Pinti, now known as the Casa Gherardesca.

comers

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading His arms—an azure ladder transverse on a golden field, with the motto _Gradatim_ placed over the entrance—told all comers that the miller’s son held his ascent to honours by his own efforts a fact to be proclaimed without wincing.

convinced

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The secretary was a vain and pompous man, but he was also an honest one: he was sincerely convinced of his own merit, and could see no reason for feigning.

couldmodal verbUS /kʊd/

the past of “can”; used for possibility or polite requests

From this reading The secretary was a vain and pompous man, but he was also an honest one: he was sincerely convinced of his own merit, and could see no reason for feigning.

criednounUS /cried/

an important story-specific word used in this passage

From this reading The topmost round of his azure ladder had been reached by this time: he had held his secretaryship these twenty years—had long since made his orations on the _ringhiera_, or platform of the Old Palace, as the custom was, in the presence of princely visitors, while Marzocco, the republican lion, wore his gold crown on the occasion, and all the people cried, “Viva Messer Bartolommeo!”—had been on an embassy to Rome, and had there been made titular Senator, Apostolical Secretary, Knight of the Golden Spur; and had, eight years ago, been Gonfaloniere—last goal of the Florentine citizen’s ambition.

crown

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The topmost round of his azure ladder had been reached by this time: he had held his secretaryship these twenty years—had long since made his orations on the _ringhiera_, or platform of the Old Palace, as the custom was, in the presence of princely visitors, while Marzocco, the republican lion, wore his gold crown on the occasion, and all the people cried, “Viva Messer Bartolommeo!”—had been on an embassy to Rome, and had there been made titular Senator, Apostolical Secretary, Knight of the Golden Spur; and had, eight years ago, been Gonfaloniere—last goal of the Florentine citizen’s ambition.

cushioned

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Meantime he had got richer and richer, and more and more gouty, after the manner of successful mortality; and the Knight of the Golden Spur had often to sit with helpless cushioned heel under the handsome loggia he had built for himself, overlooking the spacious gardens and lawn at the back of his palace.

custom

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The topmost round of his azure ladder had been reached by this time: he had held his secretaryship these twenty years—had long since made his orations on the _ringhiera_, or platform of the Old Palace, as the custom was, in the presence of princely visitors, while Marzocco, the republican lion, wore his gold crown on the occasion, and all the people cried, “Viva Messer Bartolommeo!”—had been on an embassy to Rome, and had there been made titular Senator, Apostolical Secretary, Knight of the Golden Spur; and had, eight years ago, been Gonfaloniere—last goal of the Florentine citizen’s ambition.

efforts

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading His arms—an azure ladder transverse on a golden field, with the motto _Gradatim_ placed over the entrance—told all comers that the miller’s son held his ascent to honours by his own efforts a fact to be proclaimed without wincing.

eight

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The topmost round of his azure ladder had been reached by this time: he had held his secretaryship these twenty years—had long since made his orations on the _ringhiera_, or platform of the Old Palace, as the custom was, in the presence of princely visitors, while Marzocco, the republican lion, wore his gold crown on the occasion, and all the people cried, “Viva Messer Bartolommeo!”—had been on an embassy to Rome, and had there been made titular Senator, Apostolical Secretary, Knight of the Golden Spur; and had, eight years ago, been Gonfaloniere—last goal of the Florentine citizen’s ambition.

embassy

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The topmost round of his azure ladder had been reached by this time: he had held his secretaryship these twenty years—had long since made his orations on the _ringhiera_, or platform of the Old Palace, as the custom was, in the presence of princely visitors, while Marzocco, the republican lion, wore his gold crown on the occasion, and all the people cried, “Viva Messer Bartolommeo!”—had been on an embassy to Rome, and had there been made titular Senator, Apostolical Secretary, Knight of the Golden Spur; and had, eight years ago, been Gonfaloniere—last goal of the Florentine citizen’s ambition.

entrance

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading His arms—an azure ladder transverse on a golden field, with the motto _Gradatim_ placed over the entrance—told all comers that the miller’s son held his ascent to honours by his own efforts a fact to be proclaimed without wincing.

fact

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading His arms—an azure ladder transverse on a golden field, with the motto _Gradatim_ placed over the entrance—told all comers that the miller’s son held his ascent to honours by his own efforts a fact to be proclaimed without wincing.

feigning

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The secretary was a vain and pompous man, but he was also an honest one: he was sincerely convinced of his own merit, and could see no reason for feigning.

field

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading His arms—an azure ladder transverse on a golden field, with the motto _Gradatim_ placed over the entrance—told all comers that the miller’s son held his ascent to honours by his own efforts a fact to be proclaimed without wincing.

Florentine

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Bartolommeo Scala, secretary of the Florentine Republic, on whom Tito Melema had been thus led to anchor his hopes, lived in a handsome palace close to the Porta Pinti, now known as the Casa Gherardesca.

forprepositionUS /fɔːr/

intended to be given to, or used by, somebody

From this reading The secretary was a vain and pompous man, but he was also an honest one: he was sincerely convinced of his own merit, and could see no reason for feigning.

gardens

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Meantime he had got richer and richer, and more and more gouty, after the manner of successful mortality; and the Knight of the Golden Spur had often to sit with helpless cushioned heel under the handsome loggia he had built for himself, overlooking the spacious gardens and lawn at the back of his palace.

Gherardesca

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Bartolommeo Scala, secretary of the Florentine Republic, on whom Tito Melema had been thus led to anchor his hopes, lived in a handsome palace close to the Porta Pinti, now known as the Casa Gherardesca.

goal

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The topmost round of his azure ladder had been reached by this time: he had held his secretaryship these twenty years—had long since made his orations on the _ringhiera_, or platform of the Old Palace, as the custom was, in the presence of princely visitors, while Marzocco, the republican lion, wore his gold crown on the occasion, and all the people cried, “Viva Messer Bartolommeo!”—had been on an embassy to Rome, and had there been made titular Senator, Apostolical Secretary, Knight of the Golden Spur; and had, eight years ago, been Gonfaloniere—last goal of the Florentine citizen’s ambition.

gold

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The topmost round of his azure ladder had been reached by this time: he had held his secretaryship these twenty years—had long since made his orations on the _ringhiera_, or platform of the Old Palace, as the custom was, in the presence of princely visitors, while Marzocco, the republican lion, wore his gold crown on the occasion, and all the people cried, “Viva Messer Bartolommeo!”—had been on an embassy to Rome, and had there been made titular Senator, Apostolical Secretary, Knight of the Golden Spur; and had, eight years ago, been Gonfaloniere—last goal of the Florentine citizen’s ambition.

golden

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading His arms—an azure ladder transverse on a golden field, with the motto _Gradatim_ placed over the entrance—told all comers that the miller’s son held his ascent to honours by his own efforts a fact to be proclaimed without wincing.

Gonfaloniere

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The topmost round of his azure ladder had been reached by this time: he had held his secretaryship these twenty years—had long since made his orations on the _ringhiera_, or platform of the Old Palace, as the custom was, in the presence of princely visitors, while Marzocco, the republican lion, wore his gold crown on the occasion, and all the people cried, “Viva Messer Bartolommeo!”—had been on an embassy to Rome, and had there been made titular Senator, Apostolical Secretary, Knight of the Golden Spur; and had, eight years ago, been Gonfaloniere—last goal of the Florentine citizen’s ambition.

got

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From this reading Meantime he had got richer and richer, and more and more gouty, after the manner of successful mortality; and the Knight of the Golden Spur had often to sit with helpless cushioned heel under the handsome loggia he had built for himself, overlooking the spacious gardens and lawn at the back of his palace.

gouty

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Meantime he had got richer and richer, and more and more gouty, after the manner of successful mortality; and the Knight of the Golden Spur had often to sit with helpless cushioned heel under the handsome loggia he had built for himself, overlooking the spacious gardens and lawn at the back of his palace.

Gradatim

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading His arms—an azure ladder transverse on a golden field, with the motto _Gradatim_ placed over the entrance—told all comers that the miller’s son held his ascent to honours by his own efforts a fact to be proclaimed without wincing.

hadauxiliary verbUS /hæd/

the past form of “have”, used to form the past perfect

From this reading Bartolommeo Scala, secretary of the Florentine Republic, on whom Tito Melema had been thus led to anchor his hopes, lived in a handsome palace close to the Porta Pinti, now known as the Casa Gherardesca.

handsomenounUS /ˈhandsome/

a story-specific word describing an important person, object, action, or idea in this passage

From this reading Bartolommeo Scala, secretary of the Florentine Republic, on whom Tito Melema had been thus led to anchor his hopes, lived in a handsome palace close to the Porta Pinti, now known as the Casa Gherardesca.

hepronounUS /hiː/

a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading The secretary was a vain and pompous man, but he was also an honest one: he was sincerely convinced of his own merit, and could see no reason for feigning.

heel

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Meantime he had got richer and richer, and more and more gouty, after the manner of successful mortality; and the Knight of the Golden Spur had often to sit with helpless cushioned heel under the handsome loggia he had built for himself, overlooking the spacious gardens and lawn at the back of his palace.

held

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading His arms—an azure ladder transverse on a golden field, with the motto _Gradatim_ placed over the entrance—told all comers that the miller’s son held his ascent to honours by his own efforts a fact to be proclaimed without wincing.

helpless

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Meantime he had got richer and richer, and more and more gouty, after the manner of successful mortality; and the Knight of the Golden Spur had often to sit with helpless cushioned heel under the handsome loggia he had built for himself, overlooking the spacious gardens and lawn at the back of his palace.

himselfpronounUS /hɪmˈself/

used when the man or boy doing the action is also its object

From this reading Meantime he had got richer and richer, and more and more gouty, after the manner of successful mortality; and the Knight of the Golden Spur had often to sit with helpless cushioned heel under the handsome loggia he had built for himself, overlooking the spacious gardens and lawn at the back of his palace.

hisdeterminerUS /hɪz/

belonging to a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned

From this reading Bartolommeo Scala, secretary of the Florentine Republic, on whom Tito Melema had been thus led to anchor his hopes, lived in a handsome palace close to the Porta Pinti, now known as the Casa Gherardesca.

honestadjectiveUS /ˈɑnɪst/

truthful and trustworthy

From this reading The secretary was a vain and pompous man, but he was also an honest one: he was sincerely convinced of his own merit, and could see no reason for feigning.

honours

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading His arms—an azure ladder transverse on a golden field, with the motto _Gradatim_ placed over the entrance—told all comers that the miller’s son held his ascent to honours by his own efforts a fact to be proclaimed without wincing.

hopes

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Bartolommeo Scala, secretary of the Florentine Republic, on whom Tito Melema had been thus led to anchor his hopes, lived in a handsome palace close to the Porta Pinti, now known as the Casa Gherardesca.

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading Bartolommeo Scala, secretary of the Florentine Republic, on whom Tito Melema had been thus led to anchor his hopes, lived in a handsome palace close to the Porta Pinti, now known as the Casa Gherardesca.

Knight

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The topmost round of his azure ladder had been reached by this time: he had held his secretaryship these twenty years—had long since made his orations on the _ringhiera_, or platform of the Old Palace, as the custom was, in the presence of princely visitors, while Marzocco, the republican lion, wore his gold crown on the occasion, and all the people cried, “Viva Messer Bartolommeo!”—had been on an embassy to Rome, and had there been made titular Senator, Apostolical Secretary, Knight of the Golden Spur; and had, eight years ago, been Gonfaloniere—last goal of the Florentine citizen’s ambition.

known

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Bartolommeo Scala, secretary of the Florentine Republic, on whom Tito Melema had been thus led to anchor his hopes, lived in a handsome palace close to the Porta Pinti, now known as the Casa Gherardesca.

ladder

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading His arms—an azure ladder transverse on a golden field, with the motto _Gradatim_ placed over the entrance—told all comers that the miller’s son held his ascent to honours by his own efforts a fact to be proclaimed without wincing.

lastnounUS /last/

an important story-specific word used in this passage

From this reading The topmost round of his azure ladder had been reached by this time: he had held his secretaryship these twenty years—had long since made his orations on the _ringhiera_, or platform of the Old Palace, as the custom was, in the presence of princely visitors, while Marzocco, the republican lion, wore his gold crown on the occasion, and all the people cried, “Viva Messer Bartolommeo!”—had been on an embassy to Rome, and had there been made titular Senator, Apostolical Secretary, Knight of the Golden Spur; and had, eight years ago, been Gonfaloniere—last goal of the Florentine citizen’s ambition.

lawn

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Meantime he had got richer and richer, and more and more gouty, after the manner of successful mortality; and the Knight of the Golden Spur had often to sit with helpless cushioned heel under the handsome loggia he had built for himself, overlooking the spacious gardens and lawn at the back of his palace.

led

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Bartolommeo Scala, secretary of the Florentine Republic, on whom Tito Melema had been thus led to anchor his hopes, lived in a handsome palace close to the Porta Pinti, now known as the Casa Gherardesca.

lion

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The topmost round of his azure ladder had been reached by this time: he had held his secretaryship these twenty years—had long since made his orations on the _ringhiera_, or platform of the Old Palace, as the custom was, in the presence of princely visitors, while Marzocco, the republican lion, wore his gold crown on the occasion, and all the people cried, “Viva Messer Bartolommeo!”—had been on an embassy to Rome, and had there been made titular Senator, Apostolical Secretary, Knight of the Golden Spur; and had, eight years ago, been Gonfaloniere—last goal of the Florentine citizen’s ambition.

lived

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Bartolommeo Scala, secretary of the Florentine Republic, on whom Tito Melema had been thus led to anchor his hopes, lived in a handsome palace close to the Porta Pinti, now known as the Casa Gherardesca.

loggia

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Meantime he had got richer and richer, and more and more gouty, after the manner of successful mortality; and the Knight of the Golden Spur had often to sit with helpless cushioned heel under the handsome loggia he had built for himself, overlooking the spacious gardens and lawn at the back of his palace.

longnounUS /long/

an important story-specific word used in this passage

From this reading The topmost round of his azure ladder had been reached by this time: he had held his secretaryship these twenty years—had long since made his orations on the _ringhiera_, or platform of the Old Palace, as the custom was, in the presence of princely visitors, while Marzocco, the republican lion, wore his gold crown on the occasion, and all the people cried, “Viva Messer Bartolommeo!”—had been on an embassy to Rome, and had there been made titular Senator, Apostolical Secretary, Knight of the Golden Spur; and had, eight years ago, been Gonfaloniere—last goal of the Florentine citizen’s ambition.

made

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The topmost round of his azure ladder had been reached by this time: he had held his secretaryship these twenty years—had long since made his orations on the _ringhiera_, or platform of the Old Palace, as the custom was, in the presence of princely visitors, while Marzocco, the republican lion, wore his gold crown on the occasion, and all the people cried, “Viva Messer Bartolommeo!”—had been on an embassy to Rome, and had there been made titular Senator, Apostolical Secretary, Knight of the Golden Spur; and had, eight years ago, been Gonfaloniere—last goal of the Florentine citizen’s ambition.

man

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The secretary was a vain and pompous man, but he was also an honest one: he was sincerely convinced of his own merit, and could see no reason for feigning.

manner

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Meantime he had got richer and richer, and more and more gouty, after the manner of successful mortality; and the Knight of the Golden Spur had often to sit with helpless cushioned heel under the handsome loggia he had built for himself, overlooking the spacious gardens and lawn at the back of his palace.

Marzocco

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The topmost round of his azure ladder had been reached by this time: he had held his secretaryship these twenty years—had long since made his orations on the _ringhiera_, or platform of the Old Palace, as the custom was, in the presence of princely visitors, while Marzocco, the republican lion, wore his gold crown on the occasion, and all the people cried, “Viva Messer Bartolommeo!”—had been on an embassy to Rome, and had there been made titular Senator, Apostolical Secretary, Knight of the Golden Spur; and had, eight years ago, been Gonfaloniere—last goal of the Florentine citizen’s ambition.

MeantimenounUS /ˈmiːntaɪm/

the period of time while something else is happening

From this reading Meantime he had got richer and richer, and more and more gouty, after the manner of successful mortality; and the Knight of the Golden Spur had often to sit with helpless cushioned heel under the handsome loggia he had built for himself, overlooking the spacious gardens and lawn at the back of his palace.

Melema

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Bartolommeo Scala, secretary of the Florentine Republic, on whom Tito Melema had been thus led to anchor his hopes, lived in a handsome palace close to the Porta Pinti, now known as the Casa Gherardesca.

merit

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The secretary was a vain and pompous man, but he was also an honest one: he was sincerely convinced of his own merit, and could see no reason for feigning.

Messer

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The topmost round of his azure ladder had been reached by this time: he had held his secretaryship these twenty years—had long since made his orations on the _ringhiera_, or platform of the Old Palace, as the custom was, in the presence of princely visitors, while Marzocco, the republican lion, wore his gold crown on the occasion, and all the people cried, “Viva Messer Bartolommeo!”—had been on an embassy to Rome, and had there been made titular Senator, Apostolical Secretary, Knight of the Golden Spur; and had, eight years ago, been Gonfaloniere—last goal of the Florentine citizen’s ambition.

miller's

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading His arms—an azure ladder transverse on a golden field, with the motto _Gradatim_ placed over the entrance—told all comers that the miller’s son held his ascent to honours by his own efforts a fact to be proclaimed without wincing.

more

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Meantime he had got richer and richer, and more and more gouty, after the manner of successful mortality; and the Knight of the Golden Spur had often to sit with helpless cushioned heel under the handsome loggia he had built for himself, overlooking the spacious gardens and lawn at the back of his palace.

mortality

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Meantime he had got richer and richer, and more and more gouty, after the manner of successful mortality; and the Knight of the Golden Spur had often to sit with helpless cushioned heel under the handsome loggia he had built for himself, overlooking the spacious gardens and lawn at the back of his palace.

motto

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading His arms—an azure ladder transverse on a golden field, with the motto _Gradatim_ placed over the entrance—told all comers that the miller’s son held his ascent to honours by his own efforts a fact to be proclaimed without wincing.

nodeterminerUS /noʊ/

not any; not one

From this reading The secretary was a vain and pompous man, but he was also an honest one: he was sincerely convinced of his own merit, and could see no reason for feigning.

now

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Bartolommeo Scala, secretary of the Florentine Republic, on whom Tito Melema had been thus led to anchor his hopes, lived in a handsome palace close to the Porta Pinti, now known as the Casa Gherardesca.

occasion

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The topmost round of his azure ladder had been reached by this time: he had held his secretaryship these twenty years—had long since made his orations on the _ringhiera_, or platform of the Old Palace, as the custom was, in the presence of princely visitors, while Marzocco, the republican lion, wore his gold crown on the occasion, and all the people cried, “Viva Messer Bartolommeo!”—had been on an embassy to Rome, and had there been made titular Senator, Apostolical Secretary, Knight of the Golden Spur; and had, eight years ago, been Gonfaloniere—last goal of the Florentine citizen’s ambition.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading Bartolommeo Scala, secretary of the Florentine Republic, on whom Tito Melema had been thus led to anchor his hopes, lived in a handsome palace close to the Porta Pinti, now known as the Casa Gherardesca.

often

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Meantime he had got richer and richer, and more and more gouty, after the manner of successful mortality; and the Knight of the Golden Spur had often to sit with helpless cushioned heel under the handsome loggia he had built for himself, overlooking the spacious gardens and lawn at the back of his palace.

Old

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The topmost round of his azure ladder had been reached by this time: he had held his secretaryship these twenty years—had long since made his orations on the _ringhiera_, or platform of the Old Palace, as the custom was, in the presence of princely visitors, while Marzocco, the republican lion, wore his gold crown on the occasion, and all the people cried, “Viva Messer Bartolommeo!”—had been on an embassy to Rome, and had there been made titular Senator, Apostolical Secretary, Knight of the Golden Spur; and had, eight years ago, been Gonfaloniere—last goal of the Florentine citizen’s ambition.

onprepositionUS /ɑːn/

touching and supported by a surface

From this reading Bartolommeo Scala, secretary of the Florentine Republic, on whom Tito Melema had been thus led to anchor his hopes, lived in a handsome palace close to the Porta Pinti, now known as the Casa Gherardesca.

onepronounUS /wʌn/

used to mean any person in general, including the speaker

From this reading The secretary was a vain and pompous man, but he was also an honest one: he was sincerely convinced of his own merit, and could see no reason for feigning.

orconjunctionUS /ɔːr/

used to join alternatives or possibilities

From this reading The topmost round of his azure ladder had been reached by this time: he had held his secretaryship these twenty years—had long since made his orations on the _ringhiera_, or platform of the Old Palace, as the custom was, in the presence of princely visitors, while Marzocco, the republican lion, wore his gold crown on the occasion, and all the people cried, “Viva Messer Bartolommeo!”—had been on an embassy to Rome, and had there been made titular Senator, Apostolical Secretary, Knight of the Golden Spur; and had, eight years ago, been Gonfaloniere—last goal of the Florentine citizen’s ambition.

orations

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The topmost round of his azure ladder had been reached by this time: he had held his secretaryship these twenty years—had long since made his orations on the _ringhiera_, or platform of the Old Palace, as the custom was, in the presence of princely visitors, while Marzocco, the republican lion, wore his gold crown on the occasion, and all the people cried, “Viva Messer Bartolommeo!”—had been on an embassy to Rome, and had there been made titular Senator, Apostolical Secretary, Knight of the Golden Spur; and had, eight years ago, been Gonfaloniere—last goal of the Florentine citizen’s ambition.

overprepositionUS /ˈoʊvər/

above and across; more than

From this reading His arms—an azure ladder transverse on a golden field, with the motto _Gradatim_ placed over the entrance—told all comers that the miller’s son held his ascent to honours by his own efforts a fact to be proclaimed without wincing.

overlooking

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Meantime he had got richer and richer, and more and more gouty, after the manner of successful mortality; and the Knight of the Golden Spur had often to sit with helpless cushioned heel under the handsome loggia he had built for himself, overlooking the spacious gardens and lawn at the back of his palace.

own

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading His arms—an azure ladder transverse on a golden field, with the motto _Gradatim_ placed over the entrance—told all comers that the miller’s son held his ascent to honours by his own efforts a fact to be proclaimed without wincing.

palace

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Bartolommeo Scala, secretary of the Florentine Republic, on whom Tito Melema had been thus led to anchor his hopes, lived in a handsome palace close to the Porta Pinti, now known as the Casa Gherardesca.

people

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The topmost round of his azure ladder had been reached by this time: he had held his secretaryship these twenty years—had long since made his orations on the _ringhiera_, or platform of the Old Palace, as the custom was, in the presence of princely visitors, while Marzocco, the republican lion, wore his gold crown on the occasion, and all the people cried, “Viva Messer Bartolommeo!”—had been on an embassy to Rome, and had there been made titular Senator, Apostolical Secretary, Knight of the Golden Spur; and had, eight years ago, been Gonfaloniere—last goal of the Florentine citizen’s ambition.

Pinti

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Bartolommeo Scala, secretary of the Florentine Republic, on whom Tito Melema had been thus led to anchor his hopes, lived in a handsome palace close to the Porta Pinti, now known as the Casa Gherardesca.

placed

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading His arms—an azure ladder transverse on a golden field, with the motto _Gradatim_ placed over the entrance—told all comers that the miller’s son held his ascent to honours by his own efforts a fact to be proclaimed without wincing.

platform

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The topmost round of his azure ladder had been reached by this time: he had held his secretaryship these twenty years—had long since made his orations on the _ringhiera_, or platform of the Old Palace, as the custom was, in the presence of princely visitors, while Marzocco, the republican lion, wore his gold crown on the occasion, and all the people cried, “Viva Messer Bartolommeo!”—had been on an embassy to Rome, and had there been made titular Senator, Apostolical Secretary, Knight of the Golden Spur; and had, eight years ago, been Gonfaloniere—last goal of the Florentine citizen’s ambition.

pompous

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The secretary was a vain and pompous man, but he was also an honest one: he was sincerely convinced of his own merit, and could see no reason for feigning.

Porta

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Bartolommeo Scala, secretary of the Florentine Republic, on whom Tito Melema had been thus led to anchor his hopes, lived in a handsome palace close to the Porta Pinti, now known as the Casa Gherardesca.

presence

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The topmost round of his azure ladder had been reached by this time: he had held his secretaryship these twenty years—had long since made his orations on the _ringhiera_, or platform of the Old Palace, as the custom was, in the presence of princely visitors, while Marzocco, the republican lion, wore his gold crown on the occasion, and all the people cried, “Viva Messer Bartolommeo!”—had been on an embassy to Rome, and had there been made titular Senator, Apostolical Secretary, Knight of the Golden Spur; and had, eight years ago, been Gonfaloniere—last goal of the Florentine citizen’s ambition.

princely

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The topmost round of his azure ladder had been reached by this time: he had held his secretaryship these twenty years—had long since made his orations on the _ringhiera_, or platform of the Old Palace, as the custom was, in the presence of princely visitors, while Marzocco, the republican lion, wore his gold crown on the occasion, and all the people cried, “Viva Messer Bartolommeo!”—had been on an embassy to Rome, and had there been made titular Senator, Apostolical Secretary, Knight of the Golden Spur; and had, eight years ago, been Gonfaloniere—last goal of the Florentine citizen’s ambition.

proclaimed

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading His arms—an azure ladder transverse on a golden field, with the motto _Gradatim_ placed over the entrance—told all comers that the miller’s son held his ascent to honours by his own efforts a fact to be proclaimed without wincing.

reached

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The topmost round of his azure ladder had been reached by this time: he had held his secretaryship these twenty years—had long since made his orations on the _ringhiera_, or platform of the Old Palace, as the custom was, in the presence of princely visitors, while Marzocco, the republican lion, wore his gold crown on the occasion, and all the people cried, “Viva Messer Bartolommeo!”—had been on an embassy to Rome, and had there been made titular Senator, Apostolical Secretary, Knight of the Golden Spur; and had, eight years ago, been Gonfaloniere—last goal of the Florentine citizen’s ambition.

reason

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The secretary was a vain and pompous man, but he was also an honest one: he was sincerely convinced of his own merit, and could see no reason for feigning.

Republic

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Bartolommeo Scala, secretary of the Florentine Republic, on whom Tito Melema had been thus led to anchor his hopes, lived in a handsome palace close to the Porta Pinti, now known as the Casa Gherardesca.

republican

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The topmost round of his azure ladder had been reached by this time: he had held his secretaryship these twenty years—had long since made his orations on the _ringhiera_, or platform of the Old Palace, as the custom was, in the presence of princely visitors, while Marzocco, the republican lion, wore his gold crown on the occasion, and all the people cried, “Viva Messer Bartolommeo!”—had been on an embassy to Rome, and had there been made titular Senator, Apostolical Secretary, Knight of the Golden Spur; and had, eight years ago, been Gonfaloniere—last goal of the Florentine citizen’s ambition.

richer

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Meantime he had got richer and richer, and more and more gouty, after the manner of successful mortality; and the Knight of the Golden Spur had often to sit with helpless cushioned heel under the handsome loggia he had built for himself, overlooking the spacious gardens and lawn at the back of his palace.

ringhiera

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The topmost round of his azure ladder had been reached by this time: he had held his secretaryship these twenty years—had long since made his orations on the _ringhiera_, or platform of the Old Palace, as the custom was, in the presence of princely visitors, while Marzocco, the republican lion, wore his gold crown on the occasion, and all the people cried, “Viva Messer Bartolommeo!”—had been on an embassy to Rome, and had there been made titular Senator, Apostolical Secretary, Knight of the Golden Spur; and had, eight years ago, been Gonfaloniere—last goal of the Florentine citizen’s ambition.

Rome

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The topmost round of his azure ladder had been reached by this time: he had held his secretaryship these twenty years—had long since made his orations on the _ringhiera_, or platform of the Old Palace, as the custom was, in the presence of princely visitors, while Marzocco, the republican lion, wore his gold crown on the occasion, and all the people cried, “Viva Messer Bartolommeo!”—had been on an embassy to Rome, and had there been made titular Senator, Apostolical Secretary, Knight of the Golden Spur; and had, eight years ago, been Gonfaloniere—last goal of the Florentine citizen’s ambition.

round

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The topmost round of his azure ladder had been reached by this time: he had held his secretaryship these twenty years—had long since made his orations on the _ringhiera_, or platform of the Old Palace, as the custom was, in the presence of princely visitors, while Marzocco, the republican lion, wore his gold crown on the occasion, and all the people cried, “Viva Messer Bartolommeo!”—had been on an embassy to Rome, and had there been made titular Senator, Apostolical Secretary, Knight of the Golden Spur; and had, eight years ago, been Gonfaloniere—last goal of the Florentine citizen’s ambition.

Scala

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Bartolommeo Scala, secretary of the Florentine Republic, on whom Tito Melema had been thus led to anchor his hopes, lived in a handsome palace close to the Porta Pinti, now known as the Casa Gherardesca.

secretary

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Bartolommeo Scala, secretary of the Florentine Republic, on whom Tito Melema had been thus led to anchor his hopes, lived in a handsome palace close to the Porta Pinti, now known as the Casa Gherardesca.

secretaryship

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The topmost round of his azure ladder had been reached by this time: he had held his secretaryship these twenty years—had long since made his orations on the _ringhiera_, or platform of the Old Palace, as the custom was, in the presence of princely visitors, while Marzocco, the republican lion, wore his gold crown on the occasion, and all the people cried, “Viva Messer Bartolommeo!”—had been on an embassy to Rome, and had there been made titular Senator, Apostolical Secretary, Knight of the Golden Spur; and had, eight years ago, been Gonfaloniere—last goal of the Florentine citizen’s ambition.

see

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The secretary was a vain and pompous man, but he was also an honest one: he was sincerely convinced of his own merit, and could see no reason for feigning.

Senator

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The topmost round of his azure ladder had been reached by this time: he had held his secretaryship these twenty years—had long since made his orations on the _ringhiera_, or platform of the Old Palace, as the custom was, in the presence of princely visitors, while Marzocco, the republican lion, wore his gold crown on the occasion, and all the people cried, “Viva Messer Bartolommeo!”—had been on an embassy to Rome, and had there been made titular Senator, Apostolical Secretary, Knight of the Golden Spur; and had, eight years ago, been Gonfaloniere—last goal of the Florentine citizen’s ambition.

sinceprepositionUS /sɪns/

from a time in the past until now

From this reading The topmost round of his azure ladder had been reached by this time: he had held his secretaryship these twenty years—had long since made his orations on the _ringhiera_, or platform of the Old Palace, as the custom was, in the presence of princely visitors, while Marzocco, the republican lion, wore his gold crown on the occasion, and all the people cried, “Viva Messer Bartolommeo!”—had been on an embassy to Rome, and had there been made titular Senator, Apostolical Secretary, Knight of the Golden Spur; and had, eight years ago, been Gonfaloniere—last goal of the Florentine citizen’s ambition.

sincerely

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The secretary was a vain and pompous man, but he was also an honest one: he was sincerely convinced of his own merit, and could see no reason for feigning.

sit

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From this reading Meantime he had got richer and richer, and more and more gouty, after the manner of successful mortality; and the Knight of the Golden Spur had often to sit with helpless cushioned heel under the handsome loggia he had built for himself, overlooking the spacious gardens and lawn at the back of his palace.

son

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From this reading His arms—an azure ladder transverse on a golden field, with the motto _Gradatim_ placed over the entrance—told all comers that the miller’s son held his ascent to honours by his own efforts a fact to be proclaimed without wincing.

spacious

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From this reading Meantime he had got richer and richer, and more and more gouty, after the manner of successful mortality; and the Knight of the Golden Spur had often to sit with helpless cushioned heel under the handsome loggia he had built for himself, overlooking the spacious gardens and lawn at the back of his palace.

Spur

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The topmost round of his azure ladder had been reached by this time: he had held his secretaryship these twenty years—had long since made his orations on the _ringhiera_, or platform of the Old Palace, as the custom was, in the presence of princely visitors, while Marzocco, the republican lion, wore his gold crown on the occasion, and all the people cried, “Viva Messer Bartolommeo!”—had been on an embassy to Rome, and had there been made titular Senator, Apostolical Secretary, Knight of the Golden Spur; and had, eight years ago, been Gonfaloniere—last goal of the Florentine citizen’s ambition.

successful

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Meantime he had got richer and richer, and more and more gouty, after the manner of successful mortality; and the Knight of the Golden Spur had often to sit with helpless cushioned heel under the handsome loggia he had built for himself, overlooking the spacious gardens and lawn at the back of his palace.

thatconjunctionUS /ðæt/

used to introduce what somebody said, thought, or felt

From this reading His arms—an azure ladder transverse on a golden field, with the motto _Gradatim_ placed over the entrance—told all comers that the miller’s son held his ascent to honours by his own efforts a fact to be proclaimed without wincing.

thedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading Bartolommeo Scala, secretary of the Florentine Republic, on whom Tito Melema had been thus led to anchor his hopes, lived in a handsome palace close to the Porta Pinti, now known as the Casa Gherardesca.

there

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The topmost round of his azure ladder had been reached by this time: he had held his secretaryship these twenty years—had long since made his orations on the _ringhiera_, or platform of the Old Palace, as the custom was, in the presence of princely visitors, while Marzocco, the republican lion, wore his gold crown on the occasion, and all the people cried, “Viva Messer Bartolommeo!”—had been on an embassy to Rome, and had there been made titular Senator, Apostolical Secretary, Knight of the Golden Spur; and had, eight years ago, been Gonfaloniere—last goal of the Florentine citizen’s ambition.

thesedeterminerUS /ðiːz/

the plural of “this”: the people or things near, or just mentioned

From this reading The topmost round of his azure ladder had been reached by this time: he had held his secretaryship these twenty years—had long since made his orations on the _ringhiera_, or platform of the Old Palace, as the custom was, in the presence of princely visitors, while Marzocco, the republican lion, wore his gold crown on the occasion, and all the people cried, “Viva Messer Bartolommeo!”—had been on an embassy to Rome, and had there been made titular Senator, Apostolical Secretary, Knight of the Golden Spur; and had, eight years ago, been Gonfaloniere—last goal of the Florentine citizen’s ambition.

thisdeterminerUS /ðɪs/

used for a person or thing that is near, or that has just been mentioned

From this reading The topmost round of his azure ladder had been reached by this time: he had held his secretaryship these twenty years—had long since made his orations on the _ringhiera_, or platform of the Old Palace, as the custom was, in the presence of princely visitors, while Marzocco, the republican lion, wore his gold crown on the occasion, and all the people cried, “Viva Messer Bartolommeo!”—had been on an embassy to Rome, and had there been made titular Senator, Apostolical Secretary, Knight of the Golden Spur; and had, eight years ago, been Gonfaloniere—last goal of the Florentine citizen’s ambition.

thus

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Bartolommeo Scala, secretary of the Florentine Republic, on whom Tito Melema had been thus led to anchor his hopes, lived in a handsome palace close to the Porta Pinti, now known as the Casa Gherardesca.

timenounUS /time/

an important story-specific word used in this passage

From this reading The topmost round of his azure ladder had been reached by this time: he had held his secretaryship these twenty years—had long since made his orations on the _ringhiera_, or platform of the Old Palace, as the custom was, in the presence of princely visitors, while Marzocco, the republican lion, wore his gold crown on the occasion, and all the people cried, “Viva Messer Bartolommeo!”—had been on an embassy to Rome, and had there been made titular Senator, Apostolical Secretary, Knight of the Golden Spur; and had, eight years ago, been Gonfaloniere—last goal of the Florentine citizen’s ambition.

Tito

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Bartolommeo Scala, secretary of the Florentine Republic, on whom Tito Melema had been thus led to anchor his hopes, lived in a handsome palace close to the Porta Pinti, now known as the Casa Gherardesca.

titular

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The topmost round of his azure ladder had been reached by this time: he had held his secretaryship these twenty years—had long since made his orations on the _ringhiera_, or platform of the Old Palace, as the custom was, in the presence of princely visitors, while Marzocco, the republican lion, wore his gold crown on the occasion, and all the people cried, “Viva Messer Bartolommeo!”—had been on an embassy to Rome, and had there been made titular Senator, Apostolical Secretary, Knight of the Golden Spur; and had, eight years ago, been Gonfaloniere—last goal of the Florentine citizen’s ambition.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading Bartolommeo Scala, secretary of the Florentine Republic, on whom Tito Melema had been thus led to anchor his hopes, lived in a handsome palace close to the Porta Pinti, now known as the Casa Gherardesca.

toldnounUS /told/

an important story-specific word used in this passage

From this reading His arms—an azure ladder transverse on a golden field, with the motto _Gradatim_ placed over the entrance—told all comers that the miller’s son held his ascent to honours by his own efforts a fact to be proclaimed without wincing.

topmost

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The topmost round of his azure ladder had been reached by this time: he had held his secretaryship these twenty years—had long since made his orations on the _ringhiera_, or platform of the Old Palace, as the custom was, in the presence of princely visitors, while Marzocco, the republican lion, wore his gold crown on the occasion, and all the people cried, “Viva Messer Bartolommeo!”—had been on an embassy to Rome, and had there been made titular Senator, Apostolical Secretary, Knight of the Golden Spur; and had, eight years ago, been Gonfaloniere—last goal of the Florentine citizen’s ambition.

transverse

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading His arms—an azure ladder transverse on a golden field, with the motto _Gradatim_ placed over the entrance—told all comers that the miller’s son held his ascent to honours by his own efforts a fact to be proclaimed without wincing.

twenty

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The topmost round of his azure ladder had been reached by this time: he had held his secretaryship these twenty years—had long since made his orations on the _ringhiera_, or platform of the Old Palace, as the custom was, in the presence of princely visitors, while Marzocco, the republican lion, wore his gold crown on the occasion, and all the people cried, “Viva Messer Bartolommeo!”—had been on an embassy to Rome, and had there been made titular Senator, Apostolical Secretary, Knight of the Golden Spur; and had, eight years ago, been Gonfaloniere—last goal of the Florentine citizen’s ambition.

underprepositionUS /ˈʌndər/

below or beneath something; less than

From this reading Meantime he had got richer and richer, and more and more gouty, after the manner of successful mortality; and the Knight of the Golden Spur had often to sit with helpless cushioned heel under the handsome loggia he had built for himself, overlooking the spacious gardens and lawn at the back of his palace.

vain

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The secretary was a vain and pompous man, but he was also an honest one: he was sincerely convinced of his own merit, and could see no reason for feigning.

visitors

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The topmost round of his azure ladder had been reached by this time: he had held his secretaryship these twenty years—had long since made his orations on the _ringhiera_, or platform of the Old Palace, as the custom was, in the presence of princely visitors, while Marzocco, the republican lion, wore his gold crown on the occasion, and all the people cried, “Viva Messer Bartolommeo!”—had been on an embassy to Rome, and had there been made titular Senator, Apostolical Secretary, Knight of the Golden Spur; and had, eight years ago, been Gonfaloniere—last goal of the Florentine citizen’s ambition.

Viva

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The topmost round of his azure ladder had been reached by this time: he had held his secretaryship these twenty years—had long since made his orations on the _ringhiera_, or platform of the Old Palace, as the custom was, in the presence of princely visitors, while Marzocco, the republican lion, wore his gold crown on the occasion, and all the people cried, “Viva Messer Bartolommeo!”—had been on an embassy to Rome, and had there been made titular Senator, Apostolical Secretary, Knight of the Golden Spur; and had, eight years ago, been Gonfaloniere—last goal of the Florentine citizen’s ambition.

wasauxiliary verbUS /wɑːz/

the past form of “be” used with I, he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading The secretary was a vain and pompous man, but he was also an honest one: he was sincerely convinced of his own merit, and could see no reason for feigning.

whileconjunctionUS /waɪl/

during the time that

From this reading The topmost round of his azure ladder had been reached by this time: he had held his secretaryship these twenty years—had long since made his orations on the _ringhiera_, or platform of the Old Palace, as the custom was, in the presence of princely visitors, while Marzocco, the republican lion, wore his gold crown on the occasion, and all the people cried, “Viva Messer Bartolommeo!”—had been on an embassy to Rome, and had there been made titular Senator, Apostolical Secretary, Knight of the Golden Spur; and had, eight years ago, been Gonfaloniere—last goal of the Florentine citizen’s ambition.

whompronounUS /huːm/

the form of “who” used as the object of a verb or preposition

From this reading Bartolommeo Scala, secretary of the Florentine Republic, on whom Tito Melema had been thus led to anchor his hopes, lived in a handsome palace close to the Porta Pinti, now known as the Casa Gherardesca.

wincing

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading His arms—an azure ladder transverse on a golden field, with the motto _Gradatim_ placed over the entrance—told all comers that the miller’s son held his ascent to honours by his own efforts a fact to be proclaimed without wincing.

withprepositionUS /wɪð/

in the company of; together with

From this reading His arms—an azure ladder transverse on a golden field, with the motto _Gradatim_ placed over the entrance—told all comers that the miller’s son held his ascent to honours by his own efforts a fact to be proclaimed without wincing.

withoutprepositionUS /wɪˈθaʊt/

not having, not using, or not accompanied by

From this reading His arms—an azure ladder transverse on a golden field, with the motto _Gradatim_ placed over the entrance—told all comers that the miller’s son held his ascent to honours by his own efforts a fact to be proclaimed without wincing.

wore

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The topmost round of his azure ladder had been reached by this time: he had held his secretaryship these twenty years—had long since made his orations on the _ringhiera_, or platform of the Old Palace, as the custom was, in the presence of princely visitors, while Marzocco, the republican lion, wore his gold crown on the occasion, and all the people cried, “Viva Messer Bartolommeo!”—had been on an embassy to Rome, and had there been made titular Senator, Apostolical Secretary, Knight of the Golden Spur; and had, eight years ago, been Gonfaloniere—last goal of the Florentine citizen’s ambition.

years

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The topmost round of his azure ladder had been reached by this time: he had held his secretaryship these twenty years—had long since made his orations on the _ringhiera_, or platform of the Old Palace, as the custom was, in the presence of princely visitors, while Marzocco, the republican lion, wore his gold crown on the occasion, and all the people cried, “Viva Messer Bartolommeo!”—had been on an embassy to Rome, and had there been made titular Senator, Apostolical Secretary, Knight of the Golden Spur; and had, eight years ago, been Gonfaloniere—last goal of the Florentine citizen’s ambition.