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Roughing It, Part 7.
Roughing It, Part 7.

Chapter VII · Chapter 7

Chapter 7 of Roughing It, Part 7. is here in full — 86 sentences across 18 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Cover illustration for Roughing It, Part 7.
Context Illustration Reading 1/17 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
I still quote from my journal:
I found the national Legislature to consist of half a dozen white men and some thirty or forty natives.
It was a dark assemblage.
The nobles and Ministers (about a dozen of them altogether) occupied the extreme left of the hall, with David Kalakaua (the King's Chamberlain) and Prince William at the head.
The President of the Assembly, His Royal Highness M. Kekuanaoa, [Kekuanaoa is not of the blood royal.
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LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

Roughing It, Part 7.

Chapter VII · Chapter 7

Chapter 7 of Roughing It, Part 7. is here in full — 86 sentences across 18 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/17 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
I still quote from my journal:
/aɪ stɪl kwoʊt frʌm maɪ ˈdʒɜːrnəl/
Line 2
I found the national Legislature to consist of half a dozen white men and some thirty or forty natives.
/aɪ faʊnd ðə ˈnæʃənəl ˈledʒəsleɪtʃər tuː kənˈsɪst ʌv hæf ə ˈdʌzən waɪt men ənd sʌm ˈθɜːrdiː ɔːr ˈfɔːrti ˈneɪtɪvz/
Line 3
It was a dark assemblage.
/ɪt wɑːz ə dɑːrk əˈsemblədʒ/
Line 4
The nobles and Ministers (about a dozen of them altogether) occupied the extreme left of the hall, with David Kalakaua (the King's Chamberlain) and Prince William at the head.
Line 5
The President of the Assembly, His Royal Highness M. Kekuanaoa, [Kekuanaoa is not of the blood royal.

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

assemblage noun US /əˈsemblədʒ/

a group of persons together in one place

From this reading “It was a dark assemblage.”

Chamberlain noun US /ˈtʃeɪmbərlən/

British statesman who as Prime Minister pursued a policy of appeasement toward fascist Germany (1869-1940)

From this reading “The nobles and Ministers (about a dozen of them altogether) occupied the extreme left of the hall, with David Kalakaua (the King's Chamberlain) and Prince William at the head.”

consist verb US /kənˈsɪst/

originate

From this reading “I found the national Legislature to consist of half a dozen white men and some thirty or forty natives.”

journal noun US /ˈdʒɜːrnəl/

a daily written record of (usually personal) experiences and observations

From this reading “I still quote from my journal:”

Legislature noun US /ˈledʒəsleɪtʃər/

persons who make or amend or repeal laws

From this reading “I found the national Legislature to consist of half a dozen white men and some thirty or forty natives.”

Ministers noun US /ˈmɪnəstərz/

plural of “minister” — a person authorized to conduct religious worship

From this reading “The nobles and Ministers (about a dozen of them altogether) occupied the extreme left of the hall, with David Kalakaua (the King's Chamberlain) and Prince William at the head.”

nobles noun US /ˈnoʊbəlz/

plural of “noble” — a titled peer of the realm

From this reading “The nobles and Ministers (about a dozen of them altogether) occupied the extreme left of the hall, with David Kalakaua (the King's Chamberlain) and Prince William at the head.”

quote verb US /kwoʊt/

repeat a passage from

From this reading “I still quote from my journal:”

All words in this reading · 56

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading I found the national Legislature to consist of half a dozen white men and some thirty or forty natives.

aboutprepositionUS /əˈbaʊt/

on the subject of; concerning

From this reading The nobles and Ministers (about a dozen of them altogether) occupied the extreme left of the hall, with David Kalakaua (the King's Chamberlain) and Prince William at the head.

altogetheradverbUS /ˌɔːltəˈɡeðər/

to a complete degree or to the full or entire extent (“whole” is often used informally for “wholly”)

From this reading The nobles and Ministers (about a dozen of them altogether) occupied the extreme left of the hall, with David Kalakaua (the King's Chamberlain) and Prince William at the head.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading I found the national Legislature to consist of half a dozen white men and some thirty or forty natives.

assemblagenounUS /əˈsemblədʒ/

a group of persons together in one place

From this reading It was a dark assemblage.

AssemblynounUS /əˈsembli/

a group of machine parts that fit together to form a self-contained unit

From this reading The President of the Assembly, His Royal Highness M. Kekuanaoa, [Kekuanaoa is not of the blood royal.

atprepositionUS /æt/

in or near a particular place or position

From this reading The nobles and Ministers (about a dozen of them altogether) occupied the extreme left of the hall, with David Kalakaua (the King's Chamberlain) and Prince William at the head.

bloodnounUS /blʌd/

The red fluid that circulates in the heart and blood vessels.

From this reading The President of the Assembly, His Royal Highness M. Kekuanaoa, [Kekuanaoa is not of the blood royal.

ChamberlainnounUS /ˈtʃeɪmbərlən/

British statesman who as Prime Minister pursued a policy of appeasement toward fascist Germany (1869-1940)

From this reading The nobles and Ministers (about a dozen of them altogether) occupied the extreme left of the hall, with David Kalakaua (the King's Chamberlain) and Prince William at the head.

consistverbUS /kənˈsɪst/

originate

From this reading I found the national Legislature to consist of half a dozen white men and some thirty or forty natives.

darknounUS /dɑːrk/

absence of light or illumination

From this reading It was a dark assemblage.

DavidnounUS /ˈdeɪvɪd/

patron saint of Wales (circa 520-600)

From this reading The nobles and Ministers (about a dozen of them altogether) occupied the extreme left of the hall, with David Kalakaua (the King's Chamberlain) and Prince William at the head.

dozennounUS /ˈdʌzən/

the cardinal number that is the sum of eleven and one

From this reading I found the national Legislature to consist of half a dozen white men and some thirty or forty natives.

extremeadjectiveUS /ekˈstriːm/

of the greatest possible degree or extent or intensity

From this reading The nobles and Ministers (about a dozen of them altogether) occupied the extreme left of the hall, with David Kalakaua (the King's Chamberlain) and Prince William at the head.

fortyadjectiveUS /ˈfɔːrti/

being ten more than thirty

From this reading I found the national Legislature to consist of half a dozen white men and some thirty or forty natives.

foundverbUS /faʊnd/

set up or found

From this reading I found the national Legislature to consist of half a dozen white men and some thirty or forty natives.

fromprepositionUS /frʌm/

showing where something starts, or who sent it

From this reading I still quote from my journal:

halfadjectiveUS /hæf/

consisting of one of two equivalent parts in value or quantity

From this reading I found the national Legislature to consist of half a dozen white men and some thirty or forty natives.

hallnounUS /hɔːl/

an interior passage or corridor onto which rooms open

From this reading The nobles and Ministers (about a dozen of them altogether) occupied the extreme left of the hall, with David Kalakaua (the King's Chamberlain) and Prince William at the head.

headnounUS /hed/

the upper part of the human body or the front part of the body in animals; contains the face and brains

From this reading The nobles and Ministers (about a dozen of them altogether) occupied the extreme left of the hall, with David Kalakaua (the King's Chamberlain) and Prince William at the head.

HighnessnounUS /ˈhaɪnəs/

(Your Highness or His Highness or Her Highness) title used to address a royal person

From this reading The President of the Assembly, His Royal Highness M. Kekuanaoa, [Kekuanaoa is not of the blood royal.

HisdeterminerUS /hɪz/

belonging to a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned

From this reading The President of the Assembly, His Royal Highness M. Kekuanaoa, [Kekuanaoa is not of the blood royal.

IpronounUS /aɪ/

the person speaking or writing, as the subject of the verb

From this reading I still quote from my journal:

isauxiliary verbUS /ɪz/

the form of “be” used with he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading The President of the Assembly, His Royal Highness M. Kekuanaoa, [Kekuanaoa is not of the blood royal.

ItpronounUS /ɪt/

a thing, animal, or idea already mentioned

From this reading It was a dark assemblage.

journalnounUS /ˈdʒɜːrnəl/

a daily written record of (usually personal) experiences and observations

From this reading I still quote from my journal:

Kalakaua

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The nobles and Ministers (about a dozen of them altogether) occupied the extreme left of the hall, with David Kalakaua (the King's Chamberlain) and Prince William at the head.

Kekuanaoa

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The President of the Assembly, His Royal Highness M. Kekuanaoa, [Kekuanaoa is not of the blood royal.

King'snounUS /kɪŋz/

possessive form of “king” — a male sovereign; ruler of a kingdom

From this reading The nobles and Ministers (about a dozen of them altogether) occupied the extreme left of the hall, with David Kalakaua (the King's Chamberlain) and Prince William at the head.

leftnounUS /left/

location near or direction toward the left side; i.e. the side to the north when a person or object faces east

From this reading The nobles and Ministers (about a dozen of them altogether) occupied the extreme left of the hall, with David Kalakaua (the King's Chamberlain) and Prince William at the head.

LegislaturenounUS /ˈledʒəsleɪtʃər/

persons who make or amend or repeal laws

From this reading I found the national Legislature to consist of half a dozen white men and some thirty or forty natives.

MnounUS /em/

the basic unit of length adopted under the Systeme International d'Unites (approximately 1.094 yards)

From this reading The President of the Assembly, His Royal Highness M. Kekuanaoa, [Kekuanaoa is not of the blood royal.

mennounUS /men/

the force of workers available

From this reading I found the national Legislature to consist of half a dozen white men and some thirty or forty natives.

MinistersnounUS /ˈmɪnəstərz/

plural of “minister” — a person authorized to conduct religious worship

From this reading The nobles and Ministers (about a dozen of them altogether) occupied the extreme left of the hall, with David Kalakaua (the King's Chamberlain) and Prince William at the head.

mydeterminerUS /maɪ/

belonging to the person speaking

From this reading I still quote from my journal:

nationaladjectiveUS /ˈnæʃənəl/

of or relating to or belonging to a nation or country

From this reading I found the national Legislature to consist of half a dozen white men and some thirty or forty natives.

nativesnounUS /ˈneɪtɪvz/

plural of “native” — an indigenous person who was born in a particular place

From this reading I found the national Legislature to consist of half a dozen white men and some thirty or forty natives.

noblesnounUS /ˈnoʊbəlz/

plural of “noble” — a titled peer of the realm

From this reading The nobles and Ministers (about a dozen of them altogether) occupied the extreme left of the hall, with David Kalakaua (the King's Chamberlain) and Prince William at the head.

notadverbUS /nɑːt/

used to make a word, phrase, or sentence negative

From this reading The President of the Assembly, His Royal Highness M. Kekuanaoa, [Kekuanaoa is not of the blood royal.

occupiedadjectiveUS /ˈɑːkjəpaɪd/

held or filled or in use

From this reading The nobles and Ministers (about a dozen of them altogether) occupied the extreme left of the hall, with David Kalakaua (the King's Chamberlain) and Prince William at the head.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading I found the national Legislature to consist of half a dozen white men and some thirty or forty natives.

orconjunctionUS /ɔːr/

used to join alternatives or possibilities

From this reading I found the national Legislature to consist of half a dozen white men and some thirty or forty natives.

PresidentnounUS /ˈprezədent/

an executive officer of a firm or corporation

From this reading The President of the Assembly, His Royal Highness M. Kekuanaoa, [Kekuanaoa is not of the blood royal.

PrincenounUS /prɪns/

a male member of a royal family other than the sovereign (especially the son of a sovereign)

From this reading The nobles and Ministers (about a dozen of them altogether) occupied the extreme left of the hall, with David Kalakaua (the King's Chamberlain) and Prince William at the head.

quoteverbUS /kwoʊt/

repeat a passage from

From this reading I still quote from my journal:

RoyaladjectiveUS /ˈrɔɪəl/

of or relating to or indicative of or issued or performed by a king or queen or other monarch

From this reading The President of the Assembly, His Royal Highness M. Kekuanaoa, [Kekuanaoa is not of the blood royal.

someadjectiveUS /sʌm/

(quantifier) used with either mass nouns or plural count nouns to indicate an unspecified number or quantity

From this reading I found the national Legislature to consist of half a dozen white men and some thirty or forty natives.

stilladjectiveUS /stɪl/

not in physical motion

From this reading I still quote from my journal:

thedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading I found the national Legislature to consist of half a dozen white men and some thirty or forty natives.

thempronounUS /ðem/

the people or things already mentioned, as the object

From this reading The nobles and Ministers (about a dozen of them altogether) occupied the extreme left of the hall, with David Kalakaua (the King's Chamberlain) and Prince William at the head.

thirtynounUS /ˈθɜːrdiː/

the cardinal number that is the product of ten and three

From this reading I found the national Legislature to consist of half a dozen white men and some thirty or forty natives.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading I found the national Legislature to consist of half a dozen white men and some thirty or forty natives.

wasauxiliary verbUS /wɑːz/

the past form of “be” used with I, he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading It was a dark assemblage.

whitenounUS /waɪt/

a Caucasian

From this reading I found the national Legislature to consist of half a dozen white men and some thirty or forty natives.

William

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The nobles and Ministers (about a dozen of them altogether) occupied the extreme left of the hall, with David Kalakaua (the King's Chamberlain) and Prince William at the head.

withprepositionUS /wɪð/

in the company of; together with

From this reading The nobles and Ministers (about a dozen of them altogether) occupied the extreme left of the hall, with David Kalakaua (the King's Chamberlain) and Prince William at the head.

Chapter 7 of Roughing It, Part 7. by Mark Twain holds 86 sentences, grouped into 18 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 7 of Roughing It, Part 7. contain?

Chapter 7 holds 86 sentences of Roughing It, Part 7., unabridged, divided into 18 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 7 of Roughing It, Part 7. by Mark Twain exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 86 sentences, grouped into 18 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 7 of Roughing It, Part 7.?

Work through the 18 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 18 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 7 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 7 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading Roughing It, Part 7.

Common questions about reading Roughing It, Part 7. by Mark Twain on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of Roughing It, Part 7.?

Yes. All 872 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #8588 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of Roughing It, Part 7. is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #8588, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does Roughing It, Part 7. take to read?

About 72 minutes of reading across 175 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

How to read Roughing It, Part 7. section by section

How to work through Roughing It, Part 7. section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.

  1. Open a chapter

    Choose one of the 10 chapters of Roughing It, Part 7. to begin.

  2. Read one section

    Each section holds 5 sentences; read it once through.

  3. Listen and tap

    Play the section aloud, then tap any unfamiliar word for its entry.

Vocabulary met early in Roughing It, Part 7.

Words and structures a reader meets early in Roughing It, Part 7., each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Comrades
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Roughing It, Part 7.; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
There--another
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Roughing It, Part 7.; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Those
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Roughing It, Part 7.; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Victims
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Roughing It, Part 7.; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.