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Rowlandson the Caricaturist
Rowlandson the Caricaturist

Chapter IV

Chapter 4 of Rowlandson the Caricaturist is here in full — 389 sentences across 78 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

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Context Illustration Reading 1/77 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
This curious advertisement is repeated in a satirical print which Rowlandson prepared on the same subject.
_March 1, 1784._ _The Apostate Jack Robinson, the Political Rat-catcher.
N.B. Rats taken alive._--Before the door of the Treasury, from whence the converter of rats draws his supply of baits and lures, travelling cautiously on all fours and feeling his way, the political rat-catcher is slily augmenting his captures.
Round the apostate Jack's waist hangs the _cestus of corruption_, in his pocket is a little aide-de-camp, who is made to cry, 'We'll ferret them out!'
On his back is a double trap, baited with miniature coronets, places, &c.; one or two rats have been secured in this; golden pieces strew the floor, and with these the rats to be captured are playing and coquetting.
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LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

Rowlandson the Caricaturist

Chapter IV

Chapter 4 of Rowlandson the Caricaturist is here in full — 389 sentences across 78 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/77 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
This curious advertisement is repeated in a satirical print which Rowlandson prepared on the same subject.
Line 2
_March 1, 1784._ _The Apostate Jack Robinson, the Political Rat-catcher.
Line 3
N.B. Rats taken alive._--Before the door of the Treasury, from whence the converter of rats draws his supply of baits and lures, travelling cautiously on all fours and feeling his way, the political rat-catcher is slily augmenting his captures.
Line 4
Round the apostate Jack's waist hangs the _cestus of corruption_, in his pocket is a little aide-de-camp, who is made to cry, 'We'll ferret them out!'
Line 5
On his back is a double trap, baited with miniature coronets, places, &c.; one or two rats have been secured in this; golden pieces strew the floor, and with these the rats to be captured are playing and coquetting.

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

apostate noun US /əˈpɔːsteɪt/

a disloyal person who betrays or deserts his cause or religion or political party or friend etc.

From this reading “_March 1, 1784._ _The Apostate Jack Robinson, the Political Rat-catcher.”

augmenting verb US /ˈɔːɡmentɪŋ/

-ing form of “augment” — enlarge or increase

From this reading “N.B. Rats taken alive._--Before the door of the Treasury, from whence the converter of rats draws his supply of baits and lures, travelling cautiously on all fours and feeling his way, the political rat-catcher is slily augmenting his captures.”

baits noun US /beɪts/

plural of “bait” — anything that serves as an enticement

From this reading “N.B. Rats taken alive._--Before the door of the Treasury, from whence the converter of rats draws his supply of baits and lures, travelling cautiously on all fours and feeling his way, the political rat-catcher is slily augmenting his captures.”

captures noun US /ˈkæptʃərz/

plural of “capture” — the act of forcibly dispossessing an owner of property

From this reading “N.B. Rats taken alive._--Before the door of the Treasury, from whence the converter of rats draws his supply of baits and lures, travelling cautiously on all fours and feeling his way, the political rat-catcher is slily augmenting his captures.”

converter noun US /kənˈvɜːrtər/

a device for changing one substance or form or state into another

From this reading “N.B. Rats taken alive._--Before the door of the Treasury, from whence the converter of rats draws his supply of baits and lures, travelling cautiously on all fours and feeling his way, the political rat-catcher is slily augmenting his captures.”

coronets noun US /ˈkɔːrəˈnets/

plural of “coronet” — a small crown; usually indicates a high rank but below that of sovereign

From this reading “On his back is a double trap, baited with miniature coronets, places, &c.; one or two rats have been secured in this; golden pieces strew the floor, and with these the rats to be captured are playing and coquetting.”

lures noun US /lʊrz/

plural of “lure” — qualities that attract by seeming to promise some kind of reward

From this reading “N.B. Rats taken alive._--Before the door of the Treasury, from whence the converter of rats draws his supply of baits and lures, travelling cautiously on all fours and feeling his way, the political rat-catcher is slily augmenting his captures.”

strew verb US /struː/

spread by scattering ("straw" is archaic)

From this reading “On his back is a double trap, baited with miniature coronets, places, &c.; one or two rats have been secured in this; golden pieces strew the floor, and with these the rats to be captured are playing and coquetting.”

Word partnerships in these lines

English keeps certain words together, and knowing the pair is worth more than knowing each word alone. Every partnership below was counted across our whole published library, and earns its place by appearing far more often than two unrelated words of the same frequency would.

Shown as this reading writes them, with the form the library counts, what kind of pairing it is, and how often it occurs.

from whence preposition + adverb

In this reading “N.B. Rats taken alive._--Before the door of the Treasury, from whence the converter of rats draws his supply of baits and lures, travelling cautiously on all fours and feeling his way, the political rat-catcher is slily augmenting his captures.”

same subject adjective + noun

In this reading “This curious advertisement is repeated in a satirical print which Rowlandson prepared on the same subject.”

supply of verb + particle

In this reading “N.B. Rats taken alive._--Before the door of the Treasury, from whence the converter of rats draws his supply of baits and lures, travelling cautiously on all fours and feeling his way, the political rat-catcher is slily augmenting his captures.”

Before the door preposition + article + noun counted as “before … door”

In this reading “N.B. Rats taken alive._--Before the door of the Treasury, from whence the converter of rats draws his supply of baits and lures, travelling cautiously on all fours and feeling his way, the political rat-catcher is slily augmenting his captures.”

all fours adjective + noun counted as “all four”

In this reading “N.B. Rats taken alive._--Before the door of the Treasury, from whence the converter of rats draws his supply of baits and lures, travelling cautiously on all fours and feeling his way, the political rat-catcher is slily augmenting his captures.”

All words in this reading · 93

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

1

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading _March 1, 1784._ _The Apostate Jack Robinson, the Political Rat-catcher.

1784

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading _March 1, 1784._ _The Apostate Jack Robinson, the Political Rat-catcher.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading This curious advertisement is repeated in a satirical print which Rowlandson prepared on the same subject.

advertisementnounUS /ædˈvɜːrtəzmənt/

a public promotion of some product or service

From this reading This curious advertisement is repeated in a satirical print which Rowlandson prepared on the same subject.

aide-de-campnoun

an officer who acts as military assistant to a more senior officer

From this reading Round the apostate Jack's waist hangs the _cestus of corruption_, in his pocket is a little aide-de-camp, who is made to cry, 'We'll ferret them out!'

aliveadjectiveUS /əˈlaɪv/

possessing life

From this reading N.B. Rats taken alive._--Before the door of the Treasury, from whence the converter of rats draws his supply of baits and lures, travelling cautiously on all fours and feeling his way, the political rat-catcher is slily augmenting his captures.

alladjectiveUS /ɔːl/

(quantifier) used with either mass or count nouns to indicate the whole number or amount of or every one of a class

From this reading N.B. Rats taken alive._--Before the door of the Treasury, from whence the converter of rats draws his supply of baits and lures, travelling cautiously on all fours and feeling his way, the political rat-catcher is slily augmenting his captures.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading N.B. Rats taken alive._--Before the door of the Treasury, from whence the converter of rats draws his supply of baits and lures, travelling cautiously on all fours and feeling his way, the political rat-catcher is slily augmenting his captures.

ApostatenounUS /əˈpɔːsteɪt/

a disloyal person who betrays or deserts his cause or religion or political party or friend etc.

From this reading _March 1, 1784._ _The Apostate Jack Robinson, the Political Rat-catcher.

areauxiliary verbUS /ɑːr/

the form of “be” used with you, we, they, or a plural noun

From this reading On his back is a double trap, baited with miniature coronets, places, &c.; one or two rats have been secured in this; golden pieces strew the floor, and with these the rats to be captured are playing and coquetting.

augmentingverbUS /ˈɔːɡmentɪŋ/

-ing form of “augment” — enlarge or increase

From this reading N.B. Rats taken alive._--Before the door of the Treasury, from whence the converter of rats draws his supply of baits and lures, travelling cautiously on all fours and feeling his way, the political rat-catcher is slily augmenting his captures.

BnounUS /biː/

aerobic rod-shaped spore-producing bacterium; often occurring in chainlike formations; found primarily in soil

From this reading N.B. Rats taken alive._--Before the door of the Treasury, from whence the converter of rats draws his supply of baits and lures, travelling cautiously on all fours and feeling his way, the political rat-catcher is slily augmenting his captures.

backadverbUS /bæk/

in or to or toward a former location

From this reading On his back is a double trap, baited with miniature coronets, places, &c.; one or two rats have been secured in this; golden pieces strew the floor, and with these the rats to be captured are playing and coquetting.

baitedverbUS /ˈbeɪtɪd/

past form of “bait” — harass with persistent criticism or carping

From this reading On his back is a double trap, baited with miniature coronets, places, &c.; one or two rats have been secured in this; golden pieces strew the floor, and with these the rats to be captured are playing and coquetting.

baitsnounUS /beɪts/

plural of “bait” — anything that serves as an enticement

From this reading N.B. Rats taken alive._--Before the door of the Treasury, from whence the converter of rats draws his supply of baits and lures, travelling cautiously on all fours and feeling his way, the political rat-catcher is slily augmenting his captures.

beauxiliary verbUS /biː/

used with a past participle to form the passive, or with -ing for continuous tenses

From this reading On his back is a double trap, baited with miniature coronets, places, &c.; one or two rats have been secured in this; golden pieces strew the floor, and with these the rats to be captured are playing and coquetting.

beenauxiliary verbUS /bɪn/

the past participle of “be”

From this reading On his back is a double trap, baited with miniature coronets, places, &c.; one or two rats have been secured in this; golden pieces strew the floor, and with these the rats to be captured are playing and coquetting.

BeforeprepositionUS /bɪˈfɔːr/

earlier than; in front of

From this reading N.B. Rats taken alive._--Before the door of the Treasury, from whence the converter of rats draws his supply of baits and lures, travelling cautiously on all fours and feeling his way, the political rat-catcher is slily augmenting his captures.

cnounUS /siː/

a degree on the centigrade scale of temperature

From this reading On his back is a double trap, baited with miniature coronets, places, &c.; one or two rats have been secured in this; golden pieces strew the floor, and with these the rats to be captured are playing and coquetting.

capturedverbUS /ˈkæptʃərd/

past form of “capture” — succeed in representing or expressing something intangible

From this reading On his back is a double trap, baited with miniature coronets, places, &c.; one or two rats have been secured in this; golden pieces strew the floor, and with these the rats to be captured are playing and coquetting.

capturesnounUS /ˈkæptʃərz/

plural of “capture” — the act of forcibly dispossessing an owner of property

From this reading N.B. Rats taken alive._--Before the door of the Treasury, from whence the converter of rats draws his supply of baits and lures, travelling cautiously on all fours and feeling his way, the political rat-catcher is slily augmenting his captures.

cautiouslyadverbUS /ˈkɔːʃəsli/

as if with kid gloves; with caution or prudence or tact

From this reading N.B. Rats taken alive._--Before the door of the Treasury, from whence the converter of rats draws his supply of baits and lures, travelling cautiously on all fours and feeling his way, the political rat-catcher is slily augmenting his captures.

cestus

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Round the apostate Jack's waist hangs the _cestus of corruption_, in his pocket is a little aide-de-camp, who is made to cry, 'We'll ferret them out!'

converternounUS /kənˈvɜːrtər/

a device for changing one substance or form or state into another

From this reading N.B. Rats taken alive._--Before the door of the Treasury, from whence the converter of rats draws his supply of baits and lures, travelling cautiously on all fours and feeling his way, the political rat-catcher is slily augmenting his captures.

coquetting

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading On his back is a double trap, baited with miniature coronets, places, &c.; one or two rats have been secured in this; golden pieces strew the floor, and with these the rats to be captured are playing and coquetting.

coronetsnounUS /ˈkɔːrəˈnets/

plural of “coronet” — a small crown; usually indicates a high rank but below that of sovereign

From this reading On his back is a double trap, baited with miniature coronets, places, &c.; one or two rats have been secured in this; golden pieces strew the floor, and with these the rats to be captured are playing and coquetting.

corruptionnounUS /kərˈʌpʃən/

lack of integrity or honesty (especially susceptibility to bribery); use of a position of trust for dishonest gain

From this reading Round the apostate Jack's waist hangs the _cestus of corruption_, in his pocket is a little aide-de-camp, who is made to cry, 'We'll ferret them out!'

cryverbUS /kraɪ/

utter a sudden loud cry

From this reading Round the apostate Jack's waist hangs the _cestus of corruption_, in his pocket is a little aide-de-camp, who is made to cry, 'We'll ferret them out!'

curiousadjectiveUS /ˈkjʊriəs/

beyond or deviating from the usual or expected

From this reading This curious advertisement is repeated in a satirical print which Rowlandson prepared on the same subject.

doornounUS /dɔːr/

a swinging or sliding barrier that will close the entrance to a room or building or vehicle

From this reading N.B. Rats taken alive._--Before the door of the Treasury, from whence the converter of rats draws his supply of baits and lures, travelling cautiously on all fours and feeling his way, the political rat-catcher is slily augmenting his captures.

doubleverbUS /ˈdʌbəl/

increase twofold

From this reading On his back is a double trap, baited with miniature coronets, places, &c.; one or two rats have been secured in this; golden pieces strew the floor, and with these the rats to be captured are playing and coquetting.

drawsnounUS /drɔːz/

plural of “draw” — a gully that is shallower than a ravine

From this reading N.B. Rats taken alive._--Before the door of the Treasury, from whence the converter of rats draws his supply of baits and lures, travelling cautiously on all fours and feeling his way, the political rat-catcher is slily augmenting his captures.

feelingnounUS /ˈfiːlɪŋ/

the experiencing of affective and emotional states

From this reading N.B. Rats taken alive._--Before the door of the Treasury, from whence the converter of rats draws his supply of baits and lures, travelling cautiously on all fours and feeling his way, the political rat-catcher is slily augmenting his captures.

ferretverbUS /ˈferət/

hound or harry relentlessly

From this reading Round the apostate Jack's waist hangs the _cestus of corruption_, in his pocket is a little aide-de-camp, who is made to cry, 'We'll ferret them out!'

floornounUS /flɔːr/

the inside lower horizontal surface (as of a room, hallway, tent, or other structure)

From this reading On his back is a double trap, baited with miniature coronets, places, &c.; one or two rats have been secured in this; golden pieces strew the floor, and with these the rats to be captured are playing and coquetting.

foursnounUS /fɔːrz/

plural of “four” — the cardinal number that is the sum of three and one

From this reading N.B. Rats taken alive._--Before the door of the Treasury, from whence the converter of rats draws his supply of baits and lures, travelling cautiously on all fours and feeling his way, the political rat-catcher is slily augmenting his captures.

fromprepositionUS /frʌm/

showing where something starts, or who sent it

From this reading N.B. Rats taken alive._--Before the door of the Treasury, from whence the converter of rats draws his supply of baits and lures, travelling cautiously on all fours and feeling his way, the political rat-catcher is slily augmenting his captures.

goldenadjectiveUS /ˈɡoʊldən/

having the deep slightly brownish color of gold

From this reading On his back is a double trap, baited with miniature coronets, places, &c.; one or two rats have been secured in this; golden pieces strew the floor, and with these the rats to be captured are playing and coquetting.

hangsnounUS /hæŋz/

plural of “hang” — a special way of doing something

From this reading Round the apostate Jack's waist hangs the _cestus of corruption_, in his pocket is a little aide-de-camp, who is made to cry, 'We'll ferret them out!'

haveauxiliary verbUS /hæv/

used with a past participle to form the perfect tenses

From this reading On his back is a double trap, baited with miniature coronets, places, &c.; one or two rats have been secured in this; golden pieces strew the floor, and with these the rats to be captured are playing and coquetting.

hisdeterminerUS /hɪz/

belonging to a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned

From this reading N.B. Rats taken alive._--Before the door of the Treasury, from whence the converter of rats draws his supply of baits and lures, travelling cautiously on all fours and feeling his way, the political rat-catcher is slily augmenting his captures.

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading This curious advertisement is repeated in a satirical print which Rowlandson prepared on the same subject.

isauxiliary verbUS /ɪz/

the form of “be” used with he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading This curious advertisement is repeated in a satirical print which Rowlandson prepared on the same subject.

JacknounUS /dʒæk/

a small worthless amount

From this reading _March 1, 1784._ _The Apostate Jack Robinson, the Political Rat-catcher.

Jack'snounUS /dʒæks/

possessive form of “jack” — a small worthless amount

From this reading Round the apostate Jack's waist hangs the _cestus of corruption_, in his pocket is a little aide-de-camp, who is made to cry, 'We'll ferret them out!'

littleadjectiveUS /ˈlɪtəl/

limited or below average in number or quantity or magnitude or extent

From this reading Round the apostate Jack's waist hangs the _cestus of corruption_, in his pocket is a little aide-de-camp, who is made to cry, 'We'll ferret them out!'

luresnounUS /lʊrz/

plural of “lure” — qualities that attract by seeming to promise some kind of reward

From this reading N.B. Rats taken alive._--Before the door of the Treasury, from whence the converter of rats draws his supply of baits and lures, travelling cautiously on all fours and feeling his way, the political rat-catcher is slily augmenting his captures.

madeadjectiveUS /meɪd/

produced by a manufacturing process

From this reading Round the apostate Jack's waist hangs the _cestus of corruption_, in his pocket is a little aide-de-camp, who is made to cry, 'We'll ferret them out!'

MarchverbUS /mɑːrtʃ/

march in a procession

From this reading _March 1, 1784._ _The Apostate Jack Robinson, the Political Rat-catcher.

miniaturenounUS /ˈmɪniətʃʊr/

painting or drawing included in a book (especially in illuminated medieval manuscripts)

From this reading On his back is a double trap, baited with miniature coronets, places, &c.; one or two rats have been secured in this; golden pieces strew the floor, and with these the rats to be captured are playing and coquetting.

NnounUS /en/

a common nonmetallic element that is normally a colorless odorless tasteless inert diatomic gas; constitutes 78 percent of the atmosphere by volume; a constituent of all living tissues

From this reading N.B. Rats taken alive._--Before the door of the Treasury, from whence the converter of rats draws his supply of baits and lures, travelling cautiously on all fours and feeling his way, the political rat-catcher is slily augmenting his captures.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading N.B. Rats taken alive._--Before the door of the Treasury, from whence the converter of rats draws his supply of baits and lures, travelling cautiously on all fours and feeling his way, the political rat-catcher is slily augmenting his captures.

onprepositionUS /ɑːn/

touching and supported by a surface

From this reading This curious advertisement is repeated in a satirical print which Rowlandson prepared on the same subject.

onepronounUS /wʌn/

used to mean any person in general, including the speaker

From this reading On his back is a double trap, baited with miniature coronets, places, &c.; one or two rats have been secured in this; golden pieces strew the floor, and with these the rats to be captured are playing and coquetting.

orconjunctionUS /ɔːr/

used to join alternatives or possibilities

From this reading On his back is a double trap, baited with miniature coronets, places, &c.; one or two rats have been secured in this; golden pieces strew the floor, and with these the rats to be captured are playing and coquetting.

outadjectiveUS /aʊt/

not allowed to continue to bat or run

From this reading Round the apostate Jack's waist hangs the _cestus of corruption_, in his pocket is a little aide-de-camp, who is made to cry, 'We'll ferret them out!'

piecesnounUS /ˈpiːsəz/

plural of “piece” — a separate part of a whole

From this reading On his back is a double trap, baited with miniature coronets, places, &c.; one or two rats have been secured in this; golden pieces strew the floor, and with these the rats to be captured are playing and coquetting.

placesnounUS /ˈpleɪsəz/

plural of “place” — a point located with respect to surface features of some region

From this reading On his back is a double trap, baited with miniature coronets, places, &c.; one or two rats have been secured in this; golden pieces strew the floor, and with these the rats to be captured are playing and coquetting.

playingnounUS /ˈpleɪɪŋ/

the act of playing a musical instrument

From this reading On his back is a double trap, baited with miniature coronets, places, &c.; one or two rats have been secured in this; golden pieces strew the floor, and with these the rats to be captured are playing and coquetting.

pocketnounUS /ˈpɑːkət/

a small pouch inside a garment for carrying small articles

From this reading Round the apostate Jack's waist hangs the _cestus of corruption_, in his pocket is a little aide-de-camp, who is made to cry, 'We'll ferret them out!'

PoliticaladjectiveUS /pəˈlɪtəkəl/

involving or characteristic of politics or parties or politicians

From this reading _March 1, 1784._ _The Apostate Jack Robinson, the Political Rat-catcher.

preparedadjectiveUS /priˈperd/

made ready or fit or suitable beforehand

From this reading This curious advertisement is repeated in a satirical print which Rowlandson prepared on the same subject.

printnounUS /prɪnt/

the text appearing in a book, newspaper, or other printed publication

From this reading This curious advertisement is repeated in a satirical print which Rowlandson prepared on the same subject.

Rat-catchernoun

a workman employed to destroy or drive away vermin

From this reading _March 1, 1784._ _The Apostate Jack Robinson, the Political Rat-catcher.

RatsnounUS /ræts/

plural of “rat” — any of various long-tailed rodents similar to but larger than a mouse

From this reading N.B. Rats taken alive._--Before the door of the Treasury, from whence the converter of rats draws his supply of baits and lures, travelling cautiously on all fours and feeling his way, the political rat-catcher is slily augmenting his captures.

repeatedadjectiveUS /rɪˈpiːtɪd/

recurring again and again

From this reading This curious advertisement is repeated in a satirical print which Rowlandson prepared on the same subject.

RobinsonnounUS /ˈrɑːbənsən/

English chemist noted for his studies of molecular structures in plants (1886-1975)

From this reading _March 1, 1784._ _The Apostate Jack Robinson, the Political Rat-catcher.

RoundnounUS /raʊnd/

a charge of ammunition for a single shot

From this reading Round the apostate Jack's waist hangs the _cestus of corruption_, in his pocket is a little aide-de-camp, who is made to cry, 'We'll ferret them out!'

Rowlandson

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading This curious advertisement is repeated in a satirical print which Rowlandson prepared on the same subject.

sameadjectiveUS /seɪm/

Identical; not different.

From this reading This curious advertisement is repeated in a satirical print which Rowlandson prepared on the same subject.

satiricaladjectiveUS /səˈtɪrəkəl/

exposing human folly to ridicule

From this reading This curious advertisement is repeated in a satirical print which Rowlandson prepared on the same subject.

securedverbUS /sɪˈkjʊrd/

past form of “secure” — get by special effort

From this reading On his back is a double trap, baited with miniature coronets, places, &c.; one or two rats have been secured in this; golden pieces strew the floor, and with these the rats to be captured are playing and coquetting.

slily

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading N.B. Rats taken alive._--Before the door of the Treasury, from whence the converter of rats draws his supply of baits and lures, travelling cautiously on all fours and feeling his way, the political rat-catcher is slily augmenting his captures.

strewverbUS /struː/

spread by scattering ("straw" is archaic)

From this reading On his back is a double trap, baited with miniature coronets, places, &c.; one or two rats have been secured in this; golden pieces strew the floor, and with these the rats to be captured are playing and coquetting.

subjectnounUS /səbˈdʒekt/

the subject matter of a conversation or discussion

From this reading This curious advertisement is repeated in a satirical print which Rowlandson prepared on the same subject.

supplyverbUS /səˈplaɪ/

give something useful or necessary to

From this reading N.B. Rats taken alive._--Before the door of the Treasury, from whence the converter of rats draws his supply of baits and lures, travelling cautiously on all fours and feeling his way, the political rat-catcher is slily augmenting his captures.

takenadjectiveUS /ˈteɪkən/

understood in a certain way; made sense of

From this reading N.B. Rats taken alive._--Before the door of the Treasury, from whence the converter of rats draws his supply of baits and lures, travelling cautiously on all fours and feeling his way, the political rat-catcher is slily augmenting his captures.

thedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading This curious advertisement is repeated in a satirical print which Rowlandson prepared on the same subject.

thempronounUS /ðem/

the people or things already mentioned, as the object

From this reading Round the apostate Jack's waist hangs the _cestus of corruption_, in his pocket is a little aide-de-camp, who is made to cry, 'We'll ferret them out!'

thesedeterminerUS /ðiːz/

the plural of “this”: the people or things near, or just mentioned

From this reading On his back is a double trap, baited with miniature coronets, places, &c.; one or two rats have been secured in this; golden pieces strew the floor, and with these the rats to be captured are playing and coquetting.

ThisdeterminerUS /ðɪs/

used for a person or thing that is near, or that has just been mentioned

From this reading This curious advertisement is repeated in a satirical print which Rowlandson prepared on the same subject.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading Round the apostate Jack's waist hangs the _cestus of corruption_, in his pocket is a little aide-de-camp, who is made to cry, 'We'll ferret them out!'

trapnounUS /træp/

a device in which something (usually an animal) can be caught and penned

From this reading On his back is a double trap, baited with miniature coronets, places, &c.; one or two rats have been secured in this; golden pieces strew the floor, and with these the rats to be captured are playing and coquetting.

travellingnounUS /ˈtrævəlɪŋ/

the act of going from one place to another

From this reading N.B. Rats taken alive._--Before the door of the Treasury, from whence the converter of rats draws his supply of baits and lures, travelling cautiously on all fours and feeling his way, the political rat-catcher is slily augmenting his captures.

TreasurynounUS /ˈtreʒəri/

the funds of a government or institution or individual

From this reading N.B. Rats taken alive._--Before the door of the Treasury, from whence the converter of rats draws his supply of baits and lures, travelling cautiously on all fours and feeling his way, the political rat-catcher is slily augmenting his captures.

twonounUS /tuː/

the cardinal number that is the sum of one and one or a numeral representing this number

From this reading On his back is a double trap, baited with miniature coronets, places, &c.; one or two rats have been secured in this; golden pieces strew the floor, and with these the rats to be captured are playing and coquetting.

waistnounUS /weɪst/

the narrowing of the body between the ribs and hips

From this reading Round the apostate Jack's waist hangs the _cestus of corruption_, in his pocket is a little aide-de-camp, who is made to cry, 'We'll ferret them out!'

waynounUS /weɪ/

how something is done or how it happens

From this reading N.B. Rats taken alive._--Before the door of the Treasury, from whence the converter of rats draws his supply of baits and lures, travelling cautiously on all fours and feeling his way, the political rat-catcher is slily augmenting his captures.

We'll

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Round the apostate Jack's waist hangs the _cestus of corruption_, in his pocket is a little aide-de-camp, who is made to cry, 'We'll ferret them out!'

whenceadverbUS /wens/

an old word meaning “from where”

From this reading N.B. Rats taken alive._--Before the door of the Treasury, from whence the converter of rats draws his supply of baits and lures, travelling cautiously on all fours and feeling his way, the political rat-catcher is slily augmenting his captures.

whichpronounUS /wɪtʃ/

used to introduce a clause giving more about a thing just mentioned

From this reading This curious advertisement is repeated in a satirical print which Rowlandson prepared on the same subject.

whopronounUS /huː/

which person or people

From this reading Round the apostate Jack's waist hangs the _cestus of corruption_, in his pocket is a little aide-de-camp, who is made to cry, 'We'll ferret them out!'

withprepositionUS /wɪð/

in the company of; together with

From this reading On his back is a double trap, baited with miniature coronets, places, &c.; one or two rats have been secured in this; golden pieces strew the floor, and with these the rats to be captured are playing and coquetting.

Chapter 4 of Rowlandson the Caricaturist by Joseph Grego holds 389 sentences, grouped into 78 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 4 of Rowlandson the Caricaturist contain?

Chapter 4 holds 389 sentences of Rowlandson the Caricaturist, unabridged, divided into 78 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 4 of Rowlandson the Caricaturist by Joseph Grego exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 389 sentences, grouped into 78 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 4 of Rowlandson the Caricaturist?

Work through the 78 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 78 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 4 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 4 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading Rowlandson the Caricaturist

Common questions about reading Rowlandson the Caricaturist by Joseph Grego on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of Rowlandson the Caricaturist?

Yes. All 4789 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #45980 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of Rowlandson the Caricaturist is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #45980, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does Rowlandson the Caricaturist take to read?

About 399 minutes of reading across 958 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

How to read Rowlandson the Caricaturist section by section

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Vocabulary met early in Rowlandson the Caricaturist

Words and structures a reader meets early in Rowlandson the Caricaturist, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Sketch
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Rowlandson the Caricaturist; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Times
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Rowlandson the Caricaturist; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Contemporaries
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Rowlandson the Caricaturist; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Volumes--vol
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Rowlandson the Caricaturist; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.