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Rowlandson's Oxford
Rowlandson's Oxford

Chapter X · Work and Examinations

Chapter X of Rowlandson's Oxford, “Work and Examinations,” is here in full — 123 sentences across 25 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

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Context Illustration Reading 1/24 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
Tolerated ignorance--Lax discipline--Gibbon and Magdalen--The Vindication”--Opposing and responding--“Schemes”--Doing austens--Perjury and bribes--Receiving presents--Magdalen collections.
Nowadays work is a factor in university life which has to be seriously reckoned with.
However strong one’s intentions to do none, however convinced one may be of the complete absurdity and futility of cramming dull stuff for no apparent good reasons, when there is such a glorious time to be had doing nothing in the mornings and sweating at athletics in the afternoons, yet the Dons have of late acquired a foolish habit of sending a man down unless he succeeds in scraping through certain examinations.
They feel it to be essential, through some misguided feeling of duty, to harry the athlete and outdoor man, and at certain periods, even, to hound him in white tie, and as much gown as he can lay hands on, to the schools, and if, on his final exit from their clutches, they are not satisfied with the results of his cramming, they invert their thumbs and down he goes!
It matters not whether he be merely a humble eightsman or the all-important President of the Boat Club.
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AI-generated narration by OpenAI · Slow US English
LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

Rowlandson's Oxford

Chapter X · Work and Examinations

Chapter X of Rowlandson's Oxford, “Work and Examinations,” is here in full — 123 sentences across 25 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/24 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
Tolerated ignorance--Lax discipline--Gibbon and Magdalen--TheVindication”--Opposing and responding--“Schemes”--Doing austens--Perjury and bribes--Receiving presents--Magdalen collections.
Line 2
Nowadays work is a factor in university life which has to be seriously reckoned with.
/ˈnaʊədeɪz wɜːrk ɪz ə ˈfæktər ɪn ˌjuːnəˈvɜːrsəti laɪf wɪtʃ hæz tuː biː ˈsɪriəsli ˈrekənd wɪð/
Line 3
However strong one’s intentions to do none, however convinced one may be of the complete absurdity and futility of cramming dull stuff for no apparent good reasons, when there is such a glorious time to be had doing nothing in the mornings andsweatingat athletics in the afternoons, yet the Dons have of late acquired a foolish habit of sending a man down unless he succeeds in scraping through certain examinations.
Line 4
They feel it to be essential, through some misguided feeling of duty, to harry the athlete and outdoor man, and at certain periods, even, to hound him in white tie, and as much gown as he can lay hands on, to the schools, and if, on his final exit from their clutches, they are not satisfied with the results of his cramming, they invert their thumbs and down he goes!
/ðeɪ fiːl ɪt tuː biː eˈsenʃəl θruː sʌm mɪsˈɡaɪdɪd ˈfiːlɪŋ ʌv ˈduːti tuː ˈheri ðə ˈæθliːt ənd ˈaʊtdɔːr mæn ənd æt ˈsɜːrtən ˈpɪriədz ˈiːvɪn tuː haʊnd hɪm ɪn waɪt taɪ ənd æz mʌtʃ ɡaʊn æz hiː kæn leɪ hændz ɑːn tuː ðə skuːlz ənd ɪf ɑːn hɪz ˈfaɪnəl ˈeɡzɪt frʌm ðer ˈklʌtʃəz ðeɪ ɑːr nɑːt ˈsætəsfaɪd wɪð ðə rɪˈzʌlts ʌv hɪz ˈkræmɪŋ ðeɪ ˌɪnˈvɜːrt ðer θʌmz ənd daʊn hiː ɡoʊz/
Line 5
It matters not whether he be merely a humble eightsman or the all-important President of the Boat Club.

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

athletics noun US /æθˈletɪks/

an active diversion requiring physical exertion and competition

From this reading “However strong one’s intentions to do none, however convinced one may be of the complete absurdity and futility of cramming dull stuff for no apparent good reasons, when there is such a glorious time to be had doing nothing in the mornings and “sweating” at athletics in the afternoons, yet the Dons have of late acquired a foolish habit of sending a man down unless he succeeds in scraping through certain examinations.”

bribes noun US /braɪbz/

plural of “bribe” — payment made to a person in a position of trust to corrupt his judgment

From this reading “Tolerated ignorance--Lax discipline--Gibbon and Magdalen--The “Vindication”--Opposing and responding--“Schemes”--Doing austens--Perjury and bribes--Receiving presents--Magdalen collections.”

cramming verb US /ˈkræmɪŋ/

inflected form of “cram” — crowd or pack to capacity

From this reading “However strong one’s intentions to do none, however convinced one may be of the complete absurdity and futility of cramming dull stuff for no apparent good reasons, when there is such a glorious time to be had doing nothing in the mornings and “sweating” at athletics in the afternoons, yet the Dons have of late acquired a foolish habit of sending a man down unless he succeeds in scraping through certain examinations.”

Dons noun US /dɑːnz/

plural of “don” — a Spanish gentleman or nobleman

From this reading “However strong one’s intentions to do none, however convinced one may be of the complete absurdity and futility of cramming dull stuff for no apparent good reasons, when there is such a glorious time to be had doing nothing in the mornings and “sweating” at athletics in the afternoons, yet the Dons have of late acquired a foolish habit of sending a man down unless he succeeds in scraping through certain examinations.”

invert verb US /ˌɪnˈvɜːrt/

make an inversion (in a musical composition)

From this reading “They feel it to be essential, through some misguided feeling of duty, to harry the athlete and outdoor man, and at certain periods, even, to hound him in white tie, and as much gown as he can lay hands on, to the schools, and if, on his final exit from their clutches, they are not satisfied with the results of his cramming, they invert their thumbs and down he goes!”

Lax adjective US /læks/

lacking in rigor or strictness

From this reading “Tolerated ignorance--Lax discipline--Gibbon and Magdalen--The “Vindication”--Opposing and responding--“Schemes”--Doing austens--Perjury and bribes--Receiving presents--Magdalen collections.”

Perjury noun US /ˈpɜːrdʒəri/

criminal offense of making false statements under oath

From this reading “Tolerated ignorance--Lax discipline--Gibbon and Magdalen--The “Vindication”--Opposing and responding--“Schemes”--Doing austens--Perjury and bribes--Receiving presents--Magdalen collections.”

Vindication noun US /vɪndəˈkeɪʃən/

the act of vindicating or defending against criticism or censure etc.

From this reading “Tolerated ignorance--Lax discipline--Gibbon and Magdalen--The “Vindication”--Opposing and responding--“Schemes”--Doing austens--Perjury and bribes--Receiving presents--Magdalen collections.”

Word partnerships in these lines

English keeps certain words together, and knowing the pair is worth more than knowing each word alone. Every partnership below was counted across our whole published library, and earns its place by appearing far more often than two unrelated words of the same frequency would.

Shown as this reading writes them, with the form the library counts, what kind of pairing it is, and how often it occurs.

white tie noun + noun

bow tie worn as part of a man's formal evening dress

In this reading “They feel it to be essential, through some misguided feeling of duty, to harry the athlete and outdoor man, and at certain periods, even, to hound him in white tie, and as much gown as he can lay hands on, to the schools, and if, on his final exit from their clutches, they are not satisfied with the results of his cramming, they invert their thumbs and down he goes!”

certain periods adjective + noun counted as “certain period”

In this reading “They feel it to be essential, through some misguided feeling of duty, to harry the athlete and outdoor man, and at certain periods, even, to hound him in white tie, and as much gown as he can lay hands on, to the schools, and if, on his final exit from their clutches, they are not satisfied with the results of his cramming, they invert their thumbs and down he goes!”

good reasons adjective + noun counted as “good reason”

In this reading “However strong one’s intentions to do none, however convinced one may be of the complete absurdity and futility of cramming dull stuff for no apparent good reasons, when there is such a glorious time to be had doing nothing in the mornings and “sweating” at athletics in the afternoons, yet the Dons have of late acquired a foolish habit of sending a man down unless he succeeds in scraping through certain examinations.”

succeeds in verb + particle counted as “succeed in”

In this reading “However strong one’s intentions to do none, however convinced one may be of the complete absurdity and futility of cramming dull stuff for no apparent good reasons, when there is such a glorious time to be had doing nothing in the mornings and “sweating” at athletics in the afternoons, yet the Dons have of late acquired a foolish habit of sending a man down unless he succeeds in scraping through certain examinations.”

lay hands verb + noun

In this reading “They feel it to be essential, through some misguided feeling of duty, to harry the athlete and outdoor man, and at certain periods, even, to hound him in white tie, and as much gown as he can lay hands on, to the schools, and if, on his final exit from their clutches, they are not satisfied with the results of his cramming, they invert their thumbs and down he goes!”

in the afternoons preposition + article + noun counted as “in … afternoon”

In this reading “However strong one’s intentions to do none, however convinced one may be of the complete absurdity and futility of cramming dull stuff for no apparent good reasons, when there is such a glorious time to be had doing nothing in the mornings and “sweating” at athletics in the afternoons, yet the Dons have of late acquired a foolish habit of sending a man down unless he succeeds in scraping through certain examinations.”

in the mornings preposition + article + noun counted as “in … morning”

In this reading “However strong one’s intentions to do none, however convinced one may be of the complete absurdity and futility of cramming dull stuff for no apparent good reasons, when there is such a glorious time to be had doing nothing in the mornings and “sweating” at athletics in the afternoons, yet the Dons have of late acquired a foolish habit of sending a man down unless he succeeds in scraping through certain examinations.”

with the results preposition + article + noun counted as “with … result”

In this reading “They feel it to be essential, through some misguided feeling of duty, to harry the athlete and outdoor man, and at certain periods, even, to hound him in white tie, and as much gown as he can lay hands on, to the schools, and if, on his final exit from their clutches, they are not satisfied with the results of his cramming, they invert their thumbs and down he goes!”

All words in this reading · 133

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading Nowadays work is a factor in university life which has to be seriously reckoned with.

absurditynounUS /əbˈsɜːrdəti/

a message whose content is at variance with reason

From this reading However strong one’s intentions to do none, however convinced one may be of the complete absurdity and futility of cramming dull stuff for no apparent good reasons, when there is such a glorious time to be had doing nothing in the mornings and “sweating” at athletics in the afternoons, yet the Dons have of late acquired a foolish habit of sending a man down unless he succeeds in scraping through certain examinations.

acquiredadjectiveUS /əˈkwaɪərd/

gotten through environmental forces

From this reading However strong one’s intentions to do none, however convinced one may be of the complete absurdity and futility of cramming dull stuff for no apparent good reasons, when there is such a glorious time to be had doing nothing in the mornings and “sweating” at athletics in the afternoons, yet the Dons have of late acquired a foolish habit of sending a man down unless he succeeds in scraping through certain examinations.

afternoonsnounUS /ˌæftərˈnuːnz/

plural of “afternoon” — the part of the day between noon and evening

From this reading However strong one’s intentions to do none, however convinced one may be of the complete absurdity and futility of cramming dull stuff for no apparent good reasons, when there is such a glorious time to be had doing nothing in the mornings and “sweating” at athletics in the afternoons, yet the Dons have of late acquired a foolish habit of sending a man down unless he succeeds in scraping through certain examinations.

all-importantadjective

of the greatest importance

From this reading It matters not whether he be merely a humble eightsman or the all-important President of the Boat Club.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading Tolerated ignorance--Lax discipline--Gibbon and Magdalen--The “Vindication”--Opposing and responding--“Schemes”--Doing austens--Perjury and bribes--Receiving presents--Magdalen collections.

apparentadjectiveUS /əˈperənt/

clearly revealed to the mind or the senses or judgment

From this reading However strong one’s intentions to do none, however convinced one may be of the complete absurdity and futility of cramming dull stuff for no apparent good reasons, when there is such a glorious time to be had doing nothing in the mornings and “sweating” at athletics in the afternoons, yet the Dons have of late acquired a foolish habit of sending a man down unless he succeeds in scraping through certain examinations.

areauxiliary verbUS /ɑːr/

the form of “be” used with you, we, they, or a plural noun

From this reading They feel it to be essential, through some misguided feeling of duty, to harry the athlete and outdoor man, and at certain periods, even, to hound him in white tie, and as much gown as he can lay hands on, to the schools, and if, on his final exit from their clutches, they are not satisfied with the results of his cramming, they invert their thumbs and down he goes!

asconjunctionUS /æz/

at the same time that; because; in the way that

From this reading They feel it to be essential, through some misguided feeling of duty, to harry the athlete and outdoor man, and at certain periods, even, to hound him in white tie, and as much gown as he can lay hands on, to the schools, and if, on his final exit from their clutches, they are not satisfied with the results of his cramming, they invert their thumbs and down he goes!

atprepositionUS /æt/

in or near a particular place or position

From this reading However strong one’s intentions to do none, however convinced one may be of the complete absurdity and futility of cramming dull stuff for no apparent good reasons, when there is such a glorious time to be had doing nothing in the mornings and “sweating” at athletics in the afternoons, yet the Dons have of late acquired a foolish habit of sending a man down unless he succeeds in scraping through certain examinations.

athletenounUS /ˈæθliːt/

a person trained to compete in sports

From this reading They feel it to be essential, through some misguided feeling of duty, to harry the athlete and outdoor man, and at certain periods, even, to hound him in white tie, and as much gown as he can lay hands on, to the schools, and if, on his final exit from their clutches, they are not satisfied with the results of his cramming, they invert their thumbs and down he goes!

athleticsnounUS /æθˈletɪks/

an active diversion requiring physical exertion and competition

From this reading However strong one’s intentions to do none, however convinced one may be of the complete absurdity and futility of cramming dull stuff for no apparent good reasons, when there is such a glorious time to be had doing nothing in the mornings and “sweating” at athletics in the afternoons, yet the Dons have of late acquired a foolish habit of sending a man down unless he succeeds in scraping through certain examinations.

austens

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Tolerated ignorance--Lax discipline--Gibbon and Magdalen--The “Vindication”--Opposing and responding--“Schemes”--Doing austens--Perjury and bribes--Receiving presents--Magdalen collections.

beauxiliary verbUS /biː/

used with a past participle to form the passive, or with -ing for continuous tenses

From this reading Nowadays work is a factor in university life which has to be seriously reckoned with.

BoatnounUS /boʊt/

a small vessel for travel on water

From this reading It matters not whether he be merely a humble eightsman or the all-important President of the Boat Club.

bribesnounUS /braɪbz/

plural of “bribe” — payment made to a person in a position of trust to corrupt his judgment

From this reading Tolerated ignorance--Lax discipline--Gibbon and Magdalen--The “Vindication”--Opposing and responding--“Schemes”--Doing austens--Perjury and bribes--Receiving presents--Magdalen collections.

canmodal verbUS /kæn/

to be able to, or to be allowed to

From this reading They feel it to be essential, through some misguided feeling of duty, to harry the athlete and outdoor man, and at certain periods, even, to hound him in white tie, and as much gown as he can lay hands on, to the schools, and if, on his final exit from their clutches, they are not satisfied with the results of his cramming, they invert their thumbs and down he goes!

certainadjectiveUS /ˈsɜːrtən/

definite but not specified or identified

From this reading However strong one’s intentions to do none, however convinced one may be of the complete absurdity and futility of cramming dull stuff for no apparent good reasons, when there is such a glorious time to be had doing nothing in the mornings and “sweating” at athletics in the afternoons, yet the Dons have of late acquired a foolish habit of sending a man down unless he succeeds in scraping through certain examinations.

ClubnounUS /klʌb/

a team of professional baseball players who play and travel together

From this reading It matters not whether he be merely a humble eightsman or the all-important President of the Boat Club.

clutchesnounUS /ˈklʌtʃəz/

the act of grasping

From this reading They feel it to be essential, through some misguided feeling of duty, to harry the athlete and outdoor man, and at certain periods, even, to hound him in white tie, and as much gown as he can lay hands on, to the schools, and if, on his final exit from their clutches, they are not satisfied with the results of his cramming, they invert their thumbs and down he goes!

collectionsnounUS /kəˈlekʃənz/

plural of “collection” — several things grouped together or considered as a whole

From this reading Tolerated ignorance--Lax discipline--Gibbon and Magdalen--The “Vindication”--Opposing and responding--“Schemes”--Doing austens--Perjury and bribes--Receiving presents--Magdalen collections.

completeverbUS /kəmˈpliːt/

come or bring to a finish or an end

From this reading However strong one’s intentions to do none, however convinced one may be of the complete absurdity and futility of cramming dull stuff for no apparent good reasons, when there is such a glorious time to be had doing nothing in the mornings and “sweating” at athletics in the afternoons, yet the Dons have of late acquired a foolish habit of sending a man down unless he succeeds in scraping through certain examinations.

convincedadjectiveUS /kənˈvɪnst/

persuaded of; very sure

From this reading However strong one’s intentions to do none, however convinced one may be of the complete absurdity and futility of cramming dull stuff for no apparent good reasons, when there is such a glorious time to be had doing nothing in the mornings and “sweating” at athletics in the afternoons, yet the Dons have of late acquired a foolish habit of sending a man down unless he succeeds in scraping through certain examinations.

crammingverbUS /ˈkræmɪŋ/

inflected form of “cram” — crowd or pack to capacity

From this reading However strong one’s intentions to do none, however convinced one may be of the complete absurdity and futility of cramming dull stuff for no apparent good reasons, when there is such a glorious time to be had doing nothing in the mornings and “sweating” at athletics in the afternoons, yet the Dons have of late acquired a foolish habit of sending a man down unless he succeeds in scraping through certain examinations.

disciplinenounUS /ˈdɪsəplən/

a branch of knowledge

From this reading Tolerated ignorance--Lax discipline--Gibbon and Magdalen--The “Vindication”--Opposing and responding--“Schemes”--Doing austens--Perjury and bribes--Receiving presents--Magdalen collections.

doauxiliary verbUS /duː/

used to form questions and negatives, and to give emphasis

From this reading However strong one’s intentions to do none, however convinced one may be of the complete absurdity and futility of cramming dull stuff for no apparent good reasons, when there is such a glorious time to be had doing nothing in the mornings and “sweating” at athletics in the afternoons, yet the Dons have of late acquired a foolish habit of sending a man down unless he succeeds in scraping through certain examinations.

DoingverbUS /ˈduːɪŋ/

-ing form of “do” — engage in

From this reading Tolerated ignorance--Lax discipline--Gibbon and Magdalen--The “Vindication”--Opposing and responding--“Schemes”--Doing austens--Perjury and bribes--Receiving presents--Magdalen collections.

DonsnounUS /dɑːnz/

plural of “don” — a Spanish gentleman or nobleman

From this reading However strong one’s intentions to do none, however convinced one may be of the complete absurdity and futility of cramming dull stuff for no apparent good reasons, when there is such a glorious time to be had doing nothing in the mornings and “sweating” at athletics in the afternoons, yet the Dons have of late acquired a foolish habit of sending a man down unless he succeeds in scraping through certain examinations.

downadjectiveUS /daʊn/

being or moving lower in position or less in some value

From this reading However strong one’s intentions to do none, however convinced one may be of the complete absurdity and futility of cramming dull stuff for no apparent good reasons, when there is such a glorious time to be had doing nothing in the mornings and “sweating” at athletics in the afternoons, yet the Dons have of late acquired a foolish habit of sending a man down unless he succeeds in scraping through certain examinations.

dulladjectiveUS /dʌl/

lacking in liveliness or animation

From this reading However strong one’s intentions to do none, however convinced one may be of the complete absurdity and futility of cramming dull stuff for no apparent good reasons, when there is such a glorious time to be had doing nothing in the mornings and “sweating” at athletics in the afternoons, yet the Dons have of late acquired a foolish habit of sending a man down unless he succeeds in scraping through certain examinations.

dutynounUS /ˈduːti/

the social force that binds you to the courses of action demanded by that force

From this reading They feel it to be essential, through some misguided feeling of duty, to harry the athlete and outdoor man, and at certain periods, even, to hound him in white tie, and as much gown as he can lay hands on, to the schools, and if, on his final exit from their clutches, they are not satisfied with the results of his cramming, they invert their thumbs and down he goes!

eightsman

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading It matters not whether he be merely a humble eightsman or the all-important President of the Boat Club.

essentialadjectiveUS /eˈsenʃəl/

absolutely necessary; vitally necessary

From this reading They feel it to be essential, through some misguided feeling of duty, to harry the athlete and outdoor man, and at certain periods, even, to hound him in white tie, and as much gown as he can lay hands on, to the schools, and if, on his final exit from their clutches, they are not satisfied with the results of his cramming, they invert their thumbs and down he goes!

evenadjectiveUS /ˈiːvɪn/

divisible by two

From this reading They feel it to be essential, through some misguided feeling of duty, to harry the athlete and outdoor man, and at certain periods, even, to hound him in white tie, and as much gown as he can lay hands on, to the schools, and if, on his final exit from their clutches, they are not satisfied with the results of his cramming, they invert their thumbs and down he goes!

examinationsnounUS /ɪɡˌzæməˈneɪʃənz/

plural of “examination” — the act of examining something closely (as for mistakes)

From this reading However strong one’s intentions to do none, however convinced one may be of the complete absurdity and futility of cramming dull stuff for no apparent good reasons, when there is such a glorious time to be had doing nothing in the mornings and “sweating” at athletics in the afternoons, yet the Dons have of late acquired a foolish habit of sending a man down unless he succeeds in scraping through certain examinations.

exitnounUS /ˈeɡzɪt/

an opening that permits escape or release

From this reading They feel it to be essential, through some misguided feeling of duty, to harry the athlete and outdoor man, and at certain periods, even, to hound him in white tie, and as much gown as he can lay hands on, to the schools, and if, on his final exit from their clutches, they are not satisfied with the results of his cramming, they invert their thumbs and down he goes!

factornounUS /ˈfæktər/

anything that contributes causally to a result

From this reading Nowadays work is a factor in university life which has to be seriously reckoned with.

feelverbUS /fiːl/

undergo an emotional sensation or be in a particular state of mind

From this reading They feel it to be essential, through some misguided feeling of duty, to harry the athlete and outdoor man, and at certain periods, even, to hound him in white tie, and as much gown as he can lay hands on, to the schools, and if, on his final exit from their clutches, they are not satisfied with the results of his cramming, they invert their thumbs and down he goes!

feelingnounUS /ˈfiːlɪŋ/

the experiencing of affective and emotional states

From this reading They feel it to be essential, through some misguided feeling of duty, to harry the athlete and outdoor man, and at certain periods, even, to hound him in white tie, and as much gown as he can lay hands on, to the schools, and if, on his final exit from their clutches, they are not satisfied with the results of his cramming, they invert their thumbs and down he goes!

finaladjectiveUS /ˈfaɪnəl/

occurring at or forming an end or termination

From this reading They feel it to be essential, through some misguided feeling of duty, to harry the athlete and outdoor man, and at certain periods, even, to hound him in white tie, and as much gown as he can lay hands on, to the schools, and if, on his final exit from their clutches, they are not satisfied with the results of his cramming, they invert their thumbs and down he goes!

foolishadjectiveUS /ˈfuːlɪʃ/

devoid of good sense or judgment

From this reading However strong one’s intentions to do none, however convinced one may be of the complete absurdity and futility of cramming dull stuff for no apparent good reasons, when there is such a glorious time to be had doing nothing in the mornings and “sweating” at athletics in the afternoons, yet the Dons have of late acquired a foolish habit of sending a man down unless he succeeds in scraping through certain examinations.

forprepositionUS /fɔːr/

intended to be given to, or used by, somebody

From this reading However strong one’s intentions to do none, however convinced one may be of the complete absurdity and futility of cramming dull stuff for no apparent good reasons, when there is such a glorious time to be had doing nothing in the mornings and “sweating” at athletics in the afternoons, yet the Dons have of late acquired a foolish habit of sending a man down unless he succeeds in scraping through certain examinations.

fromprepositionUS /frʌm/

showing where something starts, or who sent it

From this reading They feel it to be essential, through some misguided feeling of duty, to harry the athlete and outdoor man, and at certain periods, even, to hound him in white tie, and as much gown as he can lay hands on, to the schools, and if, on his final exit from their clutches, they are not satisfied with the results of his cramming, they invert their thumbs and down he goes!

futilitynounUS /fjuːˈtɪləti/

uselessness as a consequence of having no practical result

From this reading However strong one’s intentions to do none, however convinced one may be of the complete absurdity and futility of cramming dull stuff for no apparent good reasons, when there is such a glorious time to be had doing nothing in the mornings and “sweating” at athletics in the afternoons, yet the Dons have of late acquired a foolish habit of sending a man down unless he succeeds in scraping through certain examinations.

GibbonnounUS /ˈɡɪbən/

English historian best known for his history of the Roman Empire (1737-1794)

From this reading Tolerated ignorance--Lax discipline--Gibbon and Magdalen--The “Vindication”--Opposing and responding--“Schemes”--Doing austens--Perjury and bribes--Receiving presents--Magdalen collections.

gloriousadjectiveUS /ˈɡlɔːriəs/

having or deserving or conferring glory

From this reading However strong one’s intentions to do none, however convinced one may be of the complete absurdity and futility of cramming dull stuff for no apparent good reasons, when there is such a glorious time to be had doing nothing in the mornings and “sweating” at athletics in the afternoons, yet the Dons have of late acquired a foolish habit of sending a man down unless he succeeds in scraping through certain examinations.

goesnounUS /ɡoʊz/

plural of “go” — a time period for working (after which you will be relieved by someone else)

From this reading They feel it to be essential, through some misguided feeling of duty, to harry the athlete and outdoor man, and at certain periods, even, to hound him in white tie, and as much gown as he can lay hands on, to the schools, and if, on his final exit from their clutches, they are not satisfied with the results of his cramming, they invert their thumbs and down he goes!

goodadjectiveUS /ɡʊd/

having desirable or positive qualities especially those suitable for a thing specified

From this reading However strong one’s intentions to do none, however convinced one may be of the complete absurdity and futility of cramming dull stuff for no apparent good reasons, when there is such a glorious time to be had doing nothing in the mornings and “sweating” at athletics in the afternoons, yet the Dons have of late acquired a foolish habit of sending a man down unless he succeeds in scraping through certain examinations.

gownnounUS /ɡaʊn/

a woman's dress, usually with a close-fitting bodice and a long flared skirt, often worn on formal occasions

From this reading They feel it to be essential, through some misguided feeling of duty, to harry the athlete and outdoor man, and at certain periods, even, to hound him in white tie, and as much gown as he can lay hands on, to the schools, and if, on his final exit from their clutches, they are not satisfied with the results of his cramming, they invert their thumbs and down he goes!

habitnounUS /ˈhæbət/

an established custom

From this reading However strong one’s intentions to do none, however convinced one may be of the complete absurdity and futility of cramming dull stuff for no apparent good reasons, when there is such a glorious time to be had doing nothing in the mornings and “sweating” at athletics in the afternoons, yet the Dons have of late acquired a foolish habit of sending a man down unless he succeeds in scraping through certain examinations.

hadauxiliary verbUS /hæd/

the past form of “have”, used to form the past perfect

From this reading However strong one’s intentions to do none, however convinced one may be of the complete absurdity and futility of cramming dull stuff for no apparent good reasons, when there is such a glorious time to be had doing nothing in the mornings and “sweating” at athletics in the afternoons, yet the Dons have of late acquired a foolish habit of sending a man down unless he succeeds in scraping through certain examinations.

handsnounUS /hændz/

(with “in”) guardianship over; in divorce cases it is the right to house and care for and discipline a child

From this reading They feel it to be essential, through some misguided feeling of duty, to harry the athlete and outdoor man, and at certain periods, even, to hound him in white tie, and as much gown as he can lay hands on, to the schools, and if, on his final exit from their clutches, they are not satisfied with the results of his cramming, they invert their thumbs and down he goes!

harryverbUS /ˈheri/

annoy continually or chronically

From this reading They feel it to be essential, through some misguided feeling of duty, to harry the athlete and outdoor man, and at certain periods, even, to hound him in white tie, and as much gown as he can lay hands on, to the schools, and if, on his final exit from their clutches, they are not satisfied with the results of his cramming, they invert their thumbs and down he goes!

hasauxiliary verbUS /hæz/

the form of “have” used with he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading Nowadays work is a factor in university life which has to be seriously reckoned with.

haveauxiliary verbUS /hæv/

used with a past participle to form the perfect tenses

From this reading However strong one’s intentions to do none, however convinced one may be of the complete absurdity and futility of cramming dull stuff for no apparent good reasons, when there is such a glorious time to be had doing nothing in the mornings and “sweating” at athletics in the afternoons, yet the Dons have of late acquired a foolish habit of sending a man down unless he succeeds in scraping through certain examinations.

hepronounUS /hiː/

a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading However strong one’s intentions to do none, however convinced one may be of the complete absurdity and futility of cramming dull stuff for no apparent good reasons, when there is such a glorious time to be had doing nothing in the mornings and “sweating” at athletics in the afternoons, yet the Dons have of late acquired a foolish habit of sending a man down unless he succeeds in scraping through certain examinations.

himpronounUS /hɪm/

the male already mentioned, as the object of a verb or preposition

From this reading They feel it to be essential, through some misguided feeling of duty, to harry the athlete and outdoor man, and at certain periods, even, to hound him in white tie, and as much gown as he can lay hands on, to the schools, and if, on his final exit from their clutches, they are not satisfied with the results of his cramming, they invert their thumbs and down he goes!

hisdeterminerUS /hɪz/

belonging to a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned

From this reading They feel it to be essential, through some misguided feeling of duty, to harry the athlete and outdoor man, and at certain periods, even, to hound him in white tie, and as much gown as he can lay hands on, to the schools, and if, on his final exit from their clutches, they are not satisfied with the results of his cramming, they invert their thumbs and down he goes!

houndnounUS /haʊnd/

any of several breeds of dog used for hunting typically having large drooping ears

From this reading They feel it to be essential, through some misguided feeling of duty, to harry the athlete and outdoor man, and at certain periods, even, to hound him in white tie, and as much gown as he can lay hands on, to the schools, and if, on his final exit from their clutches, they are not satisfied with the results of his cramming, they invert their thumbs and down he goes!

HoweveradverbUS /ˌhaʊˈevər/

used to add a contrasting statement

From this reading However strong one’s intentions to do none, however convinced one may be of the complete absurdity and futility of cramming dull stuff for no apparent good reasons, when there is such a glorious time to be had doing nothing in the mornings and “sweating” at athletics in the afternoons, yet the Dons have of late acquired a foolish habit of sending a man down unless he succeeds in scraping through certain examinations.

humbleadjectiveUS /ˈhʌmbəl/

low or inferior in station or quality

From this reading It matters not whether he be merely a humble eightsman or the all-important President of the Boat Club.

ifconjunctionUS /ɪf/

on condition that; in the event that

From this reading They feel it to be essential, through some misguided feeling of duty, to harry the athlete and outdoor man, and at certain periods, even, to hound him in white tie, and as much gown as he can lay hands on, to the schools, and if, on his final exit from their clutches, they are not satisfied with the results of his cramming, they invert their thumbs and down he goes!

ignorancenounUS /ˈɪɡnərəns/

the lack of knowledge or education

From this reading Tolerated ignorance--Lax discipline--Gibbon and Magdalen--The “Vindication”--Opposing and responding--“Schemes”--Doing austens--Perjury and bribes--Receiving presents--Magdalen collections.

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading Nowadays work is a factor in university life which has to be seriously reckoned with.

intentionsnounUS /ˌɪnˈtentʃənz/

plural of “intention” — an anticipated outcome that is intended or that guides your planned actions

From this reading However strong one’s intentions to do none, however convinced one may be of the complete absurdity and futility of cramming dull stuff for no apparent good reasons, when there is such a glorious time to be had doing nothing in the mornings and “sweating” at athletics in the afternoons, yet the Dons have of late acquired a foolish habit of sending a man down unless he succeeds in scraping through certain examinations.

invertverbUS /ˌɪnˈvɜːrt/

make an inversion (in a musical composition)

From this reading They feel it to be essential, through some misguided feeling of duty, to harry the athlete and outdoor man, and at certain periods, even, to hound him in white tie, and as much gown as he can lay hands on, to the schools, and if, on his final exit from their clutches, they are not satisfied with the results of his cramming, they invert their thumbs and down he goes!

isauxiliary verbUS /ɪz/

the form of “be” used with he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading Nowadays work is a factor in university life which has to be seriously reckoned with.

itpronounUS /ɪt/

a thing, animal, or idea already mentioned

From this reading They feel it to be essential, through some misguided feeling of duty, to harry the athlete and outdoor man, and at certain periods, even, to hound him in white tie, and as much gown as he can lay hands on, to the schools, and if, on his final exit from their clutches, they are not satisfied with the results of his cramming, they invert their thumbs and down he goes!

lateadjectiveUS /leɪt/

being or occurring at an advanced period of time or after a usual or expected time

From this reading However strong one’s intentions to do none, however convinced one may be of the complete absurdity and futility of cramming dull stuff for no apparent good reasons, when there is such a glorious time to be had doing nothing in the mornings and “sweating” at athletics in the afternoons, yet the Dons have of late acquired a foolish habit of sending a man down unless he succeeds in scraping through certain examinations.

LaxadjectiveUS /læks/

lacking in rigor or strictness

From this reading Tolerated ignorance--Lax discipline--Gibbon and Magdalen--The “Vindication”--Opposing and responding--“Schemes”--Doing austens--Perjury and bribes--Receiving presents--Magdalen collections.

layverbUS /leɪ/

put into a certain place or abstract location

From this reading They feel it to be essential, through some misguided feeling of duty, to harry the athlete and outdoor man, and at certain periods, even, to hound him in white tie, and as much gown as he can lay hands on, to the schools, and if, on his final exit from their clutches, they are not satisfied with the results of his cramming, they invert their thumbs and down he goes!

lifenounUS /laɪf/

a characteristic state or mode of living

From this reading Nowadays work is a factor in university life which has to be seriously reckoned with.

MagdalennounUS /ˈmæɡdələn/

a reformed prostitute

From this reading Tolerated ignorance--Lax discipline--Gibbon and Magdalen--The “Vindication”--Opposing and responding--“Schemes”--Doing austens--Perjury and bribes--Receiving presents--Magdalen collections.

mannounUS /mæn/

an adult person who is male (as opposed to a woman)

From this reading However strong one’s intentions to do none, however convinced one may be of the complete absurdity and futility of cramming dull stuff for no apparent good reasons, when there is such a glorious time to be had doing nothing in the mornings and “sweating” at athletics in the afternoons, yet the Dons have of late acquired a foolish habit of sending a man down unless he succeeds in scraping through certain examinations.

mattersnounUS /ˈmætərz/

plural of “matter” — a vaguely specified concern

From this reading It matters not whether he be merely a humble eightsman or the all-important President of the Boat Club.

maymodal verbUS /meɪ/

used to say something is possible, or to give permission

From this reading However strong one’s intentions to do none, however convinced one may be of the complete absurdity and futility of cramming dull stuff for no apparent good reasons, when there is such a glorious time to be had doing nothing in the mornings and “sweating” at athletics in the afternoons, yet the Dons have of late acquired a foolish habit of sending a man down unless he succeeds in scraping through certain examinations.

merelyadverbUS /ˈmɪrli/

and nothing more

From this reading It matters not whether he be merely a humble eightsman or the all-important President of the Boat Club.

misguidedadjectiveUS /mɪsˈɡaɪdɪd/

poorly conceived or thought out

From this reading They feel it to be essential, through some misguided feeling of duty, to harry the athlete and outdoor man, and at certain periods, even, to hound him in white tie, and as much gown as he can lay hands on, to the schools, and if, on his final exit from their clutches, they are not satisfied with the results of his cramming, they invert their thumbs and down he goes!

morningsnounUS /ˈmɔːrnɪŋz/

plural of “morning” — the time period between dawn and noon

From this reading However strong one’s intentions to do none, however convinced one may be of the complete absurdity and futility of cramming dull stuff for no apparent good reasons, when there is such a glorious time to be had doing nothing in the mornings and “sweating” at athletics in the afternoons, yet the Dons have of late acquired a foolish habit of sending a man down unless he succeeds in scraping through certain examinations.

muchadverbUS /mʌtʃ/

to a great degree or extent

From this reading They feel it to be essential, through some misguided feeling of duty, to harry the athlete and outdoor man, and at certain periods, even, to hound him in white tie, and as much gown as he can lay hands on, to the schools, and if, on his final exit from their clutches, they are not satisfied with the results of his cramming, they invert their thumbs and down he goes!

nodeterminerUS /noʊ/

not any; not one

From this reading However strong one’s intentions to do none, however convinced one may be of the complete absurdity and futility of cramming dull stuff for no apparent good reasons, when there is such a glorious time to be had doing nothing in the mornings and “sweating” at athletics in the afternoons, yet the Dons have of late acquired a foolish habit of sending a man down unless he succeeds in scraping through certain examinations.

nonepronounUS /nʌn/

not one, and not any

From this reading However strong one’s intentions to do none, however convinced one may be of the complete absurdity and futility of cramming dull stuff for no apparent good reasons, when there is such a glorious time to be had doing nothing in the mornings and “sweating” at athletics in the afternoons, yet the Dons have of late acquired a foolish habit of sending a man down unless he succeeds in scraping through certain examinations.

notadverbUS /nɑːt/

used to make a word, phrase, or sentence negative

From this reading They feel it to be essential, through some misguided feeling of duty, to harry the athlete and outdoor man, and at certain periods, even, to hound him in white tie, and as much gown as he can lay hands on, to the schools, and if, on his final exit from their clutches, they are not satisfied with the results of his cramming, they invert their thumbs and down he goes!

nothingpronounUS /ˈnʌθɪŋ/

not one thing; not anything

From this reading However strong one’s intentions to do none, however convinced one may be of the complete absurdity and futility of cramming dull stuff for no apparent good reasons, when there is such a glorious time to be had doing nothing in the mornings and “sweating” at athletics in the afternoons, yet the Dons have of late acquired a foolish habit of sending a man down unless he succeeds in scraping through certain examinations.

NowadaysnounUS /ˈnaʊədeɪz/

the period of time that is happening now; any continuous stretch of time including the moment of speech

From this reading Nowadays work is a factor in university life which has to be seriously reckoned with.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading However strong one’s intentions to do none, however convinced one may be of the complete absurdity and futility of cramming dull stuff for no apparent good reasons, when there is such a glorious time to be had doing nothing in the mornings and “sweating” at athletics in the afternoons, yet the Dons have of late acquired a foolish habit of sending a man down unless he succeeds in scraping through certain examinations.

onprepositionUS /ɑːn/

touching and supported by a surface

From this reading They feel it to be essential, through some misguided feeling of duty, to harry the athlete and outdoor man, and at certain periods, even, to hound him in white tie, and as much gown as he can lay hands on, to the schools, and if, on his final exit from their clutches, they are not satisfied with the results of his cramming, they invert their thumbs and down he goes!

onepronounUS /wʌn/

used to mean any person in general, including the speaker

From this reading However strong one’s intentions to do none, however convinced one may be of the complete absurdity and futility of cramming dull stuff for no apparent good reasons, when there is such a glorious time to be had doing nothing in the mornings and “sweating” at athletics in the afternoons, yet the Dons have of late acquired a foolish habit of sending a man down unless he succeeds in scraping through certain examinations.

one's

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading However strong one’s intentions to do none, however convinced one may be of the complete absurdity and futility of cramming dull stuff for no apparent good reasons, when there is such a glorious time to be had doing nothing in the mornings and “sweating” at athletics in the afternoons, yet the Dons have of late acquired a foolish habit of sending a man down unless he succeeds in scraping through certain examinations.

OpposingadjectiveUS /əˈpoʊzɪŋ/

characterized by active hostility

From this reading Tolerated ignorance--Lax discipline--Gibbon and Magdalen--The “Vindication”--Opposing and responding--“Schemes”--Doing austens--Perjury and bribes--Receiving presents--Magdalen collections.

orconjunctionUS /ɔːr/

used to join alternatives or possibilities

From this reading It matters not whether he be merely a humble eightsman or the all-important President of the Boat Club.

outdooradjectiveUS /ˈaʊtdɔːr/

located, suited for, or taking place in the open air

From this reading They feel it to be essential, through some misguided feeling of duty, to harry the athlete and outdoor man, and at certain periods, even, to hound him in white tie, and as much gown as he can lay hands on, to the schools, and if, on his final exit from their clutches, they are not satisfied with the results of his cramming, they invert their thumbs and down he goes!

periodsnounUS /ˈpɪriədz/

plural of “period” — an amount of time

From this reading They feel it to be essential, through some misguided feeling of duty, to harry the athlete and outdoor man, and at certain periods, even, to hound him in white tie, and as much gown as he can lay hands on, to the schools, and if, on his final exit from their clutches, they are not satisfied with the results of his cramming, they invert their thumbs and down he goes!

PerjurynounUS /ˈpɜːrdʒəri/

criminal offense of making false statements under oath

From this reading Tolerated ignorance--Lax discipline--Gibbon and Magdalen--The “Vindication”--Opposing and responding--“Schemes”--Doing austens--Perjury and bribes--Receiving presents--Magdalen collections.

presentsnounUS /ˈprezənts/

plural of “present” — the period of time that is happening now; any continuous stretch of time including the moment of speech

From this reading Tolerated ignorance--Lax discipline--Gibbon and Magdalen--The “Vindication”--Opposing and responding--“Schemes”--Doing austens--Perjury and bribes--Receiving presents--Magdalen collections.

PresidentnounUS /ˈprezədent/

an executive officer of a firm or corporation

From this reading It matters not whether he be merely a humble eightsman or the all-important President of the Boat Club.

reasonsnounUS /ˈriːzənz/

plural of “reason” — a rational motive for a belief or action

From this reading However strong one’s intentions to do none, however convinced one may be of the complete absurdity and futility of cramming dull stuff for no apparent good reasons, when there is such a glorious time to be had doing nothing in the mornings and “sweating” at athletics in the afternoons, yet the Dons have of late acquired a foolish habit of sending a man down unless he succeeds in scraping through certain examinations.

ReceivingverbUS /rəˈsiːvɪŋ/

-ing form of “receive” — get something; come into possession of

From this reading Tolerated ignorance--Lax discipline--Gibbon and Magdalen--The “Vindication”--Opposing and responding--“Schemes”--Doing austens--Perjury and bribes--Receiving presents--Magdalen collections.

reckonedverbUS /ˈrekənd/

past form of “reckon” — expect, believe, or suppose

From this reading Nowadays work is a factor in university life which has to be seriously reckoned with.

respondingverbUS /rɪˈspɑːndɪŋ/

-ing form of “respond” — show a response or a reaction to something

From this reading Tolerated ignorance--Lax discipline--Gibbon and Magdalen--The “Vindication”--Opposing and responding--“Schemes”--Doing austens--Perjury and bribes--Receiving presents--Magdalen collections.

resultsnounUS /rɪˈzʌlts/

plural of “result” — a phenomenon that follows and is caused by some previous phenomenon

From this reading They feel it to be essential, through some misguided feeling of duty, to harry the athlete and outdoor man, and at certain periods, even, to hound him in white tie, and as much gown as he can lay hands on, to the schools, and if, on his final exit from their clutches, they are not satisfied with the results of his cramming, they invert their thumbs and down he goes!

satisfiedadjectiveUS /ˈsætəsfaɪd/

filled with satisfaction

From this reading They feel it to be essential, through some misguided feeling of duty, to harry the athlete and outdoor man, and at certain periods, even, to hound him in white tie, and as much gown as he can lay hands on, to the schools, and if, on his final exit from their clutches, they are not satisfied with the results of his cramming, they invert their thumbs and down he goes!

SchemesnounUS /skiːmz/

plural of “scheme” — an elaborate and systematic plan of action

From this reading Tolerated ignorance--Lax discipline--Gibbon and Magdalen--The “Vindication”--Opposing and responding--“Schemes”--Doing austens--Perjury and bribes--Receiving presents--Magdalen collections.

schoolsnounUS /skuːlz/

plural of “school” — an educational institution

From this reading They feel it to be essential, through some misguided feeling of duty, to harry the athlete and outdoor man, and at certain periods, even, to hound him in white tie, and as much gown as he can lay hands on, to the schools, and if, on his final exit from their clutches, they are not satisfied with the results of his cramming, they invert their thumbs and down he goes!

scrapingnounUS /ˈskreɪpɪŋ/

(usually plural) a fragment scraped off of something and collected

From this reading However strong one’s intentions to do none, however convinced one may be of the complete absurdity and futility of cramming dull stuff for no apparent good reasons, when there is such a glorious time to be had doing nothing in the mornings and “sweating” at athletics in the afternoons, yet the Dons have of late acquired a foolish habit of sending a man down unless he succeeds in scraping through certain examinations.

sendingnounUS /ˈsendɪŋ/

the act of causing something to go (especially messages)

From this reading However strong one’s intentions to do none, however convinced one may be of the complete absurdity and futility of cramming dull stuff for no apparent good reasons, when there is such a glorious time to be had doing nothing in the mornings and “sweating” at athletics in the afternoons, yet the Dons have of late acquired a foolish habit of sending a man down unless he succeeds in scraping through certain examinations.

seriouslyadverbUS /ˈsɪriəsli/

in a serious manner

From this reading Nowadays work is a factor in university life which has to be seriously reckoned with.

someadjectiveUS /sʌm/

(quantifier) used with either mass nouns or plural count nouns to indicate an unspecified number or quantity

From this reading They feel it to be essential, through some misguided feeling of duty, to harry the athlete and outdoor man, and at certain periods, even, to hound him in white tie, and as much gown as he can lay hands on, to the schools, and if, on his final exit from their clutches, they are not satisfied with the results of his cramming, they invert their thumbs and down he goes!

strongadjectiveUS /strɔːŋ/

having strength or power greater than average or expected

From this reading However strong one’s intentions to do none, however convinced one may be of the complete absurdity and futility of cramming dull stuff for no apparent good reasons, when there is such a glorious time to be had doing nothing in the mornings and “sweating” at athletics in the afternoons, yet the Dons have of late acquired a foolish habit of sending a man down unless he succeeds in scraping through certain examinations.

stuffnounUS /stʌf/

the tangible substance that goes into the makeup of a physical object

From this reading However strong one’s intentions to do none, however convinced one may be of the complete absurdity and futility of cramming dull stuff for no apparent good reasons, when there is such a glorious time to be had doing nothing in the mornings and “sweating” at athletics in the afternoons, yet the Dons have of late acquired a foolish habit of sending a man down unless he succeeds in scraping through certain examinations.

succeedsverbUS /səkˈsiːdz/

third-person singular of “succeed” — attain success or reach a desired goal

From this reading However strong one’s intentions to do none, however convinced one may be of the complete absurdity and futility of cramming dull stuff for no apparent good reasons, when there is such a glorious time to be had doing nothing in the mornings and “sweating” at athletics in the afternoons, yet the Dons have of late acquired a foolish habit of sending a man down unless he succeeds in scraping through certain examinations.

suchdeterminerUS /sʌtʃ/

of the kind already mentioned

From this reading However strong one’s intentions to do none, however convinced one may be of the complete absurdity and futility of cramming dull stuff for no apparent good reasons, when there is such a glorious time to be had doing nothing in the mornings and “sweating” at athletics in the afternoons, yet the Dons have of late acquired a foolish habit of sending a man down unless he succeeds in scraping through certain examinations.

sweatingnounUS /ˈswetɪŋ/

the process of the sweat glands of the skin secreting a salty fluid

From this reading However strong one’s intentions to do none, however convinced one may be of the complete absurdity and futility of cramming dull stuff for no apparent good reasons, when there is such a glorious time to be had doing nothing in the mornings and “sweating” at athletics in the afternoons, yet the Dons have of late acquired a foolish habit of sending a man down unless he succeeds in scraping through certain examinations.

ThedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading Tolerated ignorance--Lax discipline--Gibbon and Magdalen--The “Vindication”--Opposing and responding--“Schemes”--Doing austens--Perjury and bribes--Receiving presents--Magdalen collections.

theirdeterminerUS /ðer/

belonging to the people or things already mentioned

From this reading They feel it to be essential, through some misguided feeling of duty, to harry the athlete and outdoor man, and at certain periods, even, to hound him in white tie, and as much gown as he can lay hands on, to the schools, and if, on his final exit from their clutches, they are not satisfied with the results of his cramming, they invert their thumbs and down he goes!

thereadverbUS /ðer/

in or at that place or location

From this reading However strong one’s intentions to do none, however convinced one may be of the complete absurdity and futility of cramming dull stuff for no apparent good reasons, when there is such a glorious time to be had doing nothing in the mornings and “sweating” at athletics in the afternoons, yet the Dons have of late acquired a foolish habit of sending a man down unless he succeeds in scraping through certain examinations.

TheypronounUS /ðeɪ/

the people, animals, or things already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading They feel it to be essential, through some misguided feeling of duty, to harry the athlete and outdoor man, and at certain periods, even, to hound him in white tie, and as much gown as he can lay hands on, to the schools, and if, on his final exit from their clutches, they are not satisfied with the results of his cramming, they invert their thumbs and down he goes!

throughprepositionUS /θruː/

from one end or side of something to the other

From this reading However strong one’s intentions to do none, however convinced one may be of the complete absurdity and futility of cramming dull stuff for no apparent good reasons, when there is such a glorious time to be had doing nothing in the mornings and “sweating” at athletics in the afternoons, yet the Dons have of late acquired a foolish habit of sending a man down unless he succeeds in scraping through certain examinations.

thumbsnounUS /θʌmz/

plural of “thumb” — the thick short innermost digit of the forelimb

From this reading They feel it to be essential, through some misguided feeling of duty, to harry the athlete and outdoor man, and at certain periods, even, to hound him in white tie, and as much gown as he can lay hands on, to the schools, and if, on his final exit from their clutches, they are not satisfied with the results of his cramming, they invert their thumbs and down he goes!

tienounUS /taɪ/

neckwear consisting of a long narrow piece of material worn (mostly by men) under a collar and tied in knot at the front

From this reading They feel it to be essential, through some misguided feeling of duty, to harry the athlete and outdoor man, and at certain periods, even, to hound him in white tie, and as much gown as he can lay hands on, to the schools, and if, on his final exit from their clutches, they are not satisfied with the results of his cramming, they invert their thumbs and down he goes!

timenounUS /taɪm/

an instance or single occasion for some event

From this reading However strong one’s intentions to do none, however convinced one may be of the complete absurdity and futility of cramming dull stuff for no apparent good reasons, when there is such a glorious time to be had doing nothing in the mornings and “sweating” at athletics in the afternoons, yet the Dons have of late acquired a foolish habit of sending a man down unless he succeeds in scraping through certain examinations.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading Nowadays work is a factor in university life which has to be seriously reckoned with.

ToleratedverbUS /ˈtɑːləreɪtɪd/

past form of “tolerate” — put up with something or somebody unpleasant

From this reading Tolerated ignorance--Lax discipline--Gibbon and Magdalen--The “Vindication”--Opposing and responding--“Schemes”--Doing austens--Perjury and bribes--Receiving presents--Magdalen collections.

universitynounUS /ˌjuːnəˈvɜːrsəti/

the body of faculty and students at a university

From this reading Nowadays work is a factor in university life which has to be seriously reckoned with.

unlessconjunctionUS /ənˈles/

except if; if not

From this reading However strong one’s intentions to do none, however convinced one may be of the complete absurdity and futility of cramming dull stuff for no apparent good reasons, when there is such a glorious time to be had doing nothing in the mornings and “sweating” at athletics in the afternoons, yet the Dons have of late acquired a foolish habit of sending a man down unless he succeeds in scraping through certain examinations.

VindicationnounUS /vɪndəˈkeɪʃən/

the act of vindicating or defending against criticism or censure etc.

From this reading Tolerated ignorance--Lax discipline--Gibbon and Magdalen--The “Vindication”--Opposing and responding--“Schemes”--Doing austens--Perjury and bribes--Receiving presents--Magdalen collections.

whenconjunctionUS /wen/

at the time that

From this reading However strong one’s intentions to do none, however convinced one may be of the complete absurdity and futility of cramming dull stuff for no apparent good reasons, when there is such a glorious time to be had doing nothing in the mornings and “sweating” at athletics in the afternoons, yet the Dons have of late acquired a foolish habit of sending a man down unless he succeeds in scraping through certain examinations.

whetherconjunctionUS /ˈweðər/

used to introduce two or more possibilities

From this reading It matters not whether he be merely a humble eightsman or the all-important President of the Boat Club.

whichpronounUS /wɪtʃ/

used to introduce a clause giving more about a thing just mentioned

From this reading Nowadays work is a factor in university life which has to be seriously reckoned with.

whitenounUS /waɪt/

a Caucasian

From this reading They feel it to be essential, through some misguided feeling of duty, to harry the athlete and outdoor man, and at certain periods, even, to hound him in white tie, and as much gown as he can lay hands on, to the schools, and if, on his final exit from their clutches, they are not satisfied with the results of his cramming, they invert their thumbs and down he goes!

withprepositionUS /wɪð/

in the company of; together with

From this reading Nowadays work is a factor in university life which has to be seriously reckoned with.

workverbUS /wɜːrk/

exert oneself by doing mental or physical work for a purpose or out of necessity

From this reading Nowadays work is a factor in university life which has to be seriously reckoned with.

yetconjunctionUS /jet/

but in spite of that

From this reading However strong one’s intentions to do none, however convinced one may be of the complete absurdity and futility of cramming dull stuff for no apparent good reasons, when there is such a glorious time to be had doing nothing in the mornings and “sweating” at athletics in the afternoons, yet the Dons have of late acquired a foolish habit of sending a man down unless he succeeds in scraping through certain examinations.

Chapter 10 of Rowlandson's Oxford by A. Hamilton (Arthur Hamilton) Gibbs holds 123 sentences, grouped into 25 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 10 of Rowlandson's Oxford contain?

Chapter 10 holds 123 sentences of Rowlandson's Oxford, unabridged, divided into 25 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 10 of Rowlandson's Oxford by A. Hamilton (Arthur Hamilton) Gibbs exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 123 sentences, grouped into 25 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 10 of Rowlandson's Oxford?

Work through the 25 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 25 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 10 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 10 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading Rowlandson's Oxford

Common questions about reading Rowlandson's Oxford by A. Hamilton (Arthur Hamilton) Gibbs on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of Rowlandson's Oxford?

Yes. All 2160 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #42960 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of Rowlandson's Oxford is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #42960, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does Rowlandson's Oxford take to read?

About 180 minutes of reading across 432 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

How to read Rowlandson's Oxford section by section

How to work through Rowlandson's Oxford section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.

  1. Open a chapter

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  2. Read one section

    Each section holds 5 sentences; read it once through.

  3. Listen and tap

    Play the section aloud, then tap any unfamiliar word for its entry.

Vocabulary met early in Rowlandson's Oxford

Words and structures a reader meets early in Rowlandson's Oxford, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

William
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Rowlandson's Oxford; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Collins--joins
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Rowlandson's Oxford; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Smarts--forgets
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Rowlandson's Oxford; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Work--
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Rowlandson's Oxford; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.