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Rowlandson's Oxford
Rowlandson's Oxford

Chapter XI · ’Varsity Literature

Chapter XI of Rowlandson's Oxford, “’Varsity Literature,” is here in full — 141 sentences across 29 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

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Context Illustration Reading 1/28 · 5 lines
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Present-day ineptitude--Jackson’s _Oxford Journal_--Domestic intelligence--Election poems--Curious advertisements--Superabundance of St John’s editors--Terrae Filius.
There is some indefinable element in the atmosphere of Oxford which has always excited an itch for writing.
The sister university can, of course, point to many sons whose names stand high in the literary firmament, but they do not amount to a tithe of the number of great writers who have passed through Oxford.
Oxford may be the home of lost causes, but she is also the cradle for infant pens.
Generations of pens splutter their first incoherencies behind the comparative shelter of the city walls through which the harsh criticism of maturer writers cannot penetrate.
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LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

Rowlandson's Oxford

Chapter XI · ’Varsity Literature

Chapter XI of Rowlandson's Oxford, “’Varsity Literature,” is here in full — 141 sentences across 29 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/28 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
Present-day ineptitude--Jackson’s _Oxford Journal_--Domestic intelligence--Election poems--Curious advertisements--Superabundance of St John’s editors--Terrae Filius.
Line 2
There is some indefinable element in the atmosphere of Oxford which has always excited an itch for writing.
/ðer ɪz sʌm ˌɪndɪˈfaɪnəbəl ˈeləmənt ɪn ðə ˈætməsfɪr ʌv ˈɑːksfərd wɪtʃ hæz ˈɔːlweɪz ɪkˈsaɪtəd æn ɪtʃ fɔːr ˈraɪtɪŋ/
Line 3
The sister university can, of course, point to many sons whose names stand high in the literary firmament, but they do not amount to a tithe of the number of great writers who have passed through Oxford.
Line 4
Oxford may be the home of lost causes, but she is also the cradle for infant pens.
/ˈɑːksfərd meɪ biː ðə hoʊm ʌv lɔːst ˈkɑːzəz bʌt ʃiː ɪz ˈɔːlsoʊ ðə ˈkreɪdəl fɔːr ˈɪnfənt penz/
Line 5
Generations of pens splutter their first incoherencies behind the comparative shelter of the city walls through which the harsh criticism of maturer writers cannot penetrate.

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

advertisements noun US /ˈædvərtaɪzmənts/

plural of “advertisement” — a public promotion of some product or service

From this reading “Present-day ineptitude--Jackson’s _Oxford Journal_--Domestic intelligence--Election poems--Curious advertisements--Superabundance of St John’s editors--Terrae Filius.”

editors noun US /ˈedɪtərz/

plural of “editor” — a person responsible for the editorial aspects of publication; the person who determines the final content of a text (especially of a newspaper or magazine)

From this reading “Present-day ineptitude--Jackson’s _Oxford Journal_--Domestic intelligence--Election poems--Curious advertisements--Superabundance of St John’s editors--Terrae Filius.”

indefinable adjective US /ˌɪndɪˈfaɪnəbəl/

not capable of being precisely or readily described; not easily put into words

From this reading “There is some indefinable element in the atmosphere of Oxford which has always excited an itch for writing.”

ineptitude noun US /ˌɪˈneptɪtuːd/

unskillfulness resulting from a lack of training

From this reading “Present-day ineptitude--Jackson’s _Oxford Journal_--Domestic intelligence--Election poems--Curious advertisements--Superabundance of St John’s editors--Terrae Filius.”

itch verb US /ɪtʃ/

scrape or rub as if to relieve itching

From this reading “There is some indefinable element in the atmosphere of Oxford which has always excited an itch for writing.”

Jackson's noun US /ˈdʒæksənz/

possessive form of “jackson” — English film actress who later became a member of British Parliament (born in 1936)

pens noun US /penz/

plural of “pen” — a writing implement with a point from which ink flows

From this reading “Oxford may be the home of lost causes, but she is also the cradle for infant pens.”

tithe verb US /taɪð/

exact a tithe from

From this reading “The sister university can, of course, point to many sons whose names stand high in the literary firmament, but they do not amount to a tithe of the number of great writers who have passed through Oxford.”

Word partnerships in these lines

English keeps certain words together, and knowing the pair is worth more than knowing each word alone. Every partnership below was counted across our whole published library, and earns its place by appearing far more often than two unrelated words of the same frequency would.

Shown as this reading writes them, with the form the library counts, what kind of pairing it is, and how often it occurs.

passed through verb + particle counted as “pass through”

make a passage or journey from one place to another

In this reading “The sister university can, of course, point to many sons whose names stand high in the literary firmament, but they do not amount to a tithe of the number of great writers who have passed through Oxford.”

of course preposition + noun

as might be expected

In this reading “The sister university can, of course, point to many sons whose names stand high in the literary firmament, but they do not amount to a tithe of the number of great writers who have passed through Oxford.”

city walls noun + noun counted as “city wall”

In this reading “Generations of pens splutter their first incoherencies behind the comparative shelter of the city walls through which the harsh criticism of maturer writers cannot penetrate.”

great writers adjective + noun counted as “great writer”

In this reading “The sister university can, of course, point to many sons whose names stand high in the literary firmament, but they do not amount to a tithe of the number of great writers who have passed through Oxford.”

in the atmosphere preposition + article + noun counted as “in … atmosphere”

In this reading “There is some indefinable element in the atmosphere of Oxford which has always excited an itch for writing.”

All words in this reading · 87

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading The sister university can, of course, point to many sons whose names stand high in the literary firmament, but they do not amount to a tithe of the number of great writers who have passed through Oxford.

advertisementsnounUS /ˈædvərtaɪzmənts/

plural of “advertisement” — a public promotion of some product or service

From this reading Present-day ineptitude--Jackson’s _Oxford Journal_--Domestic intelligence--Election poems--Curious advertisements--Superabundance of St John’s editors--Terrae Filius.

alsoadverbUS /ˈɔːlsoʊ/

in addition

From this reading Oxford may be the home of lost causes, but she is also the cradle for infant pens.

alwaysadverbUS /ˈɔːlweɪz/

at all times; all the time and on every occasion

From this reading There is some indefinable element in the atmosphere of Oxford which has always excited an itch for writing.

amountnounUS /əˈmaʊnt/

a quantity of money

From this reading The sister university can, of course, point to many sons whose names stand high in the literary firmament, but they do not amount to a tithe of the number of great writers who have passed through Oxford.

andeterminerUS /æn/

the form of “a” used before a word that begins with a vowel sound

From this reading There is some indefinable element in the atmosphere of Oxford which has always excited an itch for writing.

atmospherenounUS /ˈætməsfɪr/

a particular environment or surrounding influence

From this reading There is some indefinable element in the atmosphere of Oxford which has always excited an itch for writing.

beauxiliary verbUS /biː/

used with a past participle to form the passive, or with -ing for continuous tenses

From this reading Oxford may be the home of lost causes, but she is also the cradle for infant pens.

behindprepositionUS /bɪˈhaɪnd/

at or toward the back of something

From this reading Generations of pens splutter their first incoherencies behind the comparative shelter of the city walls through which the harsh criticism of maturer writers cannot penetrate.

butconjunctionUS /bʌt/

used to introduce something that contrasts with what came before

From this reading The sister university can, of course, point to many sons whose names stand high in the literary firmament, but they do not amount to a tithe of the number of great writers who have passed through Oxford.

canmodal verbUS /kæn/

to be able to, or to be allowed to

From this reading The sister university can, of course, point to many sons whose names stand high in the literary firmament, but they do not amount to a tithe of the number of great writers who have passed through Oxford.

cannot

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Generations of pens splutter their first incoherencies behind the comparative shelter of the city walls through which the harsh criticism of maturer writers cannot penetrate.

causesnounUS /ˈkɑːzəz/

plural of “cause” — events that provide the generative force that is the origin of something

From this reading Oxford may be the home of lost causes, but she is also the cradle for infant pens.

citynounUS /ˈsɪti/

a large and densely populated urban area; may include several independent administrative districts

From this reading Generations of pens splutter their first incoherencies behind the comparative shelter of the city walls through which the harsh criticism of maturer writers cannot penetrate.

comparativeadjectiveUS /kəmˈperətɪv/

relating to or based on or involving comparison

From this reading Generations of pens splutter their first incoherencies behind the comparative shelter of the city walls through which the harsh criticism of maturer writers cannot penetrate.

coursenounUS /kɔːrs/

education imparted in a series of lessons or meetings

From this reading The sister university can, of course, point to many sons whose names stand high in the literary firmament, but they do not amount to a tithe of the number of great writers who have passed through Oxford.

cradlenounUS /ˈkreɪdəl/

a baby bed with sides and rockers

From this reading Oxford may be the home of lost causes, but she is also the cradle for infant pens.

criticismnounUS /ˈkrɪtɪsɪzəm/

disapproval expressed by pointing out faults or shortcomings

From this reading Generations of pens splutter their first incoherencies behind the comparative shelter of the city walls through which the harsh criticism of maturer writers cannot penetrate.

CuriousadjectiveUS /ˈkjʊriəs/

beyond or deviating from the usual or expected

From this reading Present-day ineptitude--Jackson’s _Oxford Journal_--Domestic intelligence--Election poems--Curious advertisements--Superabundance of St John’s editors--Terrae Filius.

doauxiliary verbUS /duː/

used to form questions and negatives, and to give emphasis

From this reading The sister university can, of course, point to many sons whose names stand high in the literary firmament, but they do not amount to a tithe of the number of great writers who have passed through Oxford.

DomesticadjectiveUS /dəˈmestɪk/

of concern to or concerning the internal affairs of a nation

From this reading Present-day ineptitude--Jackson’s _Oxford Journal_--Domestic intelligence--Election poems--Curious advertisements--Superabundance of St John’s editors--Terrae Filius.

editorsnounUS /ˈedɪtərz/

plural of “editor” — a person responsible for the editorial aspects of publication; the person who determines the final content of a text (especially of a newspaper or magazine)

From this reading Present-day ineptitude--Jackson’s _Oxford Journal_--Domestic intelligence--Election poems--Curious advertisements--Superabundance of St John’s editors--Terrae Filius.

ElectionnounUS /ɪˈlekʃən/

a vote to select the winner of a position or political office

From this reading Present-day ineptitude--Jackson’s _Oxford Journal_--Domestic intelligence--Election poems--Curious advertisements--Superabundance of St John’s editors--Terrae Filius.

elementnounUS /ˈeləmənt/

an abstract part of something

From this reading There is some indefinable element in the atmosphere of Oxford which has always excited an itch for writing.

excitedadjectiveUS /ɪkˈsaɪtəd/

(of persons) excessively affected by emotion

From this reading There is some indefinable element in the atmosphere of Oxford which has always excited an itch for writing.

Filius

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Present-day ineptitude--Jackson’s _Oxford Journal_--Domestic intelligence--Election poems--Curious advertisements--Superabundance of St John’s editors--Terrae Filius.

firmamentnoun

the apparent surface of the imaginary sphere on which celestial bodies appear to be projected

From this reading The sister university can, of course, point to many sons whose names stand high in the literary firmament, but they do not amount to a tithe of the number of great writers who have passed through Oxford.

firstadjectiveUS /fɜːrst/

preceding all others in time or space or degree

From this reading Generations of pens splutter their first incoherencies behind the comparative shelter of the city walls through which the harsh criticism of maturer writers cannot penetrate.

forprepositionUS /fɔːr/

intended to be given to, or used by, somebody

From this reading There is some indefinable element in the atmosphere of Oxford which has always excited an itch for writing.

GenerationsnounUS /ˌdʒenərˈeɪʃənz/

plural of “generation” — all the people living at the same time or of approximately the same age

From this reading Generations of pens splutter their first incoherencies behind the comparative shelter of the city walls through which the harsh criticism of maturer writers cannot penetrate.

greatadjectiveUS /ɡreɪt/

relatively large in size or number or extent; larger than others of its kind

From this reading The sister university can, of course, point to many sons whose names stand high in the literary firmament, but they do not amount to a tithe of the number of great writers who have passed through Oxford.

harshadjectiveUS /hɑːrʃ/

unpleasantly stern

From this reading Generations of pens splutter their first incoherencies behind the comparative shelter of the city walls through which the harsh criticism of maturer writers cannot penetrate.

hasauxiliary verbUS /hæz/

the form of “have” used with he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading There is some indefinable element in the atmosphere of Oxford which has always excited an itch for writing.

haveauxiliary verbUS /hæv/

used with a past participle to form the perfect tenses

From this reading The sister university can, of course, point to many sons whose names stand high in the literary firmament, but they do not amount to a tithe of the number of great writers who have passed through Oxford.

highadjectiveUS /haɪ/

greater than normal in degree or intensity or amount

From this reading The sister university can, of course, point to many sons whose names stand high in the literary firmament, but they do not amount to a tithe of the number of great writers who have passed through Oxford.

homenounUS /hoʊm/

where you live at a particular time

From this reading Oxford may be the home of lost causes, but she is also the cradle for infant pens.

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading There is some indefinable element in the atmosphere of Oxford which has always excited an itch for writing.

incoherencies

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Generations of pens splutter their first incoherencies behind the comparative shelter of the city walls through which the harsh criticism of maturer writers cannot penetrate.

indefinableadjectiveUS /ˌɪndɪˈfaɪnəbəl/

not capable of being precisely or readily described; not easily put into words

From this reading There is some indefinable element in the atmosphere of Oxford which has always excited an itch for writing.

ineptitudenounUS /ˌɪˈneptɪtuːd/

unskillfulness resulting from a lack of training

From this reading Present-day ineptitude--Jackson’s _Oxford Journal_--Domestic intelligence--Election poems--Curious advertisements--Superabundance of St John’s editors--Terrae Filius.

infantnounUS /ˈɪnfənt/

a very young child (birth to 1 year) who has not yet begun to walk or talk

From this reading Oxford may be the home of lost causes, but she is also the cradle for infant pens.

intelligencenounUS /ˌɪnˈtelədʒəns/

the ability to comprehend; to understand and profit from experience

From this reading Present-day ineptitude--Jackson’s _Oxford Journal_--Domestic intelligence--Election poems--Curious advertisements--Superabundance of St John’s editors--Terrae Filius.

isauxiliary verbUS /ɪz/

the form of “be” used with he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading There is some indefinable element in the atmosphere of Oxford which has always excited an itch for writing.

itchverbUS /ɪtʃ/

scrape or rub as if to relieve itching

From this reading There is some indefinable element in the atmosphere of Oxford which has always excited an itch for writing.

Jackson'snounUS /ˈdʒæksənz/

possessive form of “jackson” — English film actress who later became a member of British Parliament (born in 1936)

From this reading Present-day ineptitude--Jackson’s _Oxford Journal_--Domestic intelligence--Election poems--Curious advertisements--Superabundance of St John’s editors--Terrae Filius.

John'snounUS /dʒɑːnz/

possessive form of “john” — a room or building equipped with one or more toilets

From this reading Present-day ineptitude--Jackson’s _Oxford Journal_--Domestic intelligence--Election poems--Curious advertisements--Superabundance of St John’s editors--Terrae Filius.

JournalnounUS /ˈdʒɜːrnəl/

a daily written record of (usually personal) experiences and observations

From this reading Present-day ineptitude--Jackson’s _Oxford Journal_--Domestic intelligence--Election poems--Curious advertisements--Superabundance of St John’s editors--Terrae Filius.

literaryadjectiveUS /ˈlɪtəreri/

of or relating to or characteristic of literature

From this reading The sister university can, of course, point to many sons whose names stand high in the literary firmament, but they do not amount to a tithe of the number of great writers who have passed through Oxford.

lostadjectiveUS /lɔːst/

no longer in your possession or control; unable to be found or recovered

From this reading Oxford may be the home of lost causes, but she is also the cradle for infant pens.

manyadjectiveUS /ˈmeni/

a quantifier that can be used with count nouns and is often preceded by “as” or “too” or “so” or “that”; amounting to a large but indefinite number

From this reading The sister university can, of course, point to many sons whose names stand high in the literary firmament, but they do not amount to a tithe of the number of great writers who have passed through Oxford.

maturer

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Generations of pens splutter their first incoherencies behind the comparative shelter of the city walls through which the harsh criticism of maturer writers cannot penetrate.

maymodal verbUS /meɪ/

used to say something is possible, or to give permission

From this reading Oxford may be the home of lost causes, but she is also the cradle for infant pens.

namesnounUS /neɪmz/

verbal abuse; a crude substitute for argument

From this reading The sister university can, of course, point to many sons whose names stand high in the literary firmament, but they do not amount to a tithe of the number of great writers who have passed through Oxford.

notadverbUS /nɑːt/

used to make a word, phrase, or sentence negative

From this reading The sister university can, of course, point to many sons whose names stand high in the literary firmament, but they do not amount to a tithe of the number of great writers who have passed through Oxford.

numbernounUS /ˈnʌmbər/

the property possessed by a sum or total or indefinite quantity of units or individuals

From this reading The sister university can, of course, point to many sons whose names stand high in the literary firmament, but they do not amount to a tithe of the number of great writers who have passed through Oxford.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading Present-day ineptitude--Jackson’s _Oxford Journal_--Domestic intelligence--Election poems--Curious advertisements--Superabundance of St John’s editors--Terrae Filius.

OxfordnounUS /ˈɑːksfərd/

a city in southern England to the northwest of London; site of Oxford University

From this reading Present-day ineptitude--Jackson’s _Oxford Journal_--Domestic intelligence--Election poems--Curious advertisements--Superabundance of St John’s editors--Terrae Filius.

passedverbUS /pæst/

past form of “pass” — go across or through

From this reading The sister university can, of course, point to many sons whose names stand high in the literary firmament, but they do not amount to a tithe of the number of great writers who have passed through Oxford.

penetrateverbUS /ˈpenətreɪt/

pass into or through, often by overcoming resistance

From this reading Generations of pens splutter their first incoherencies behind the comparative shelter of the city walls through which the harsh criticism of maturer writers cannot penetrate.

pensnounUS /penz/

plural of “pen” — a writing implement with a point from which ink flows

From this reading Oxford may be the home of lost causes, but she is also the cradle for infant pens.

poemsnounUS /ˈpoʊəmz/

plural of “poem” — a composition written in metrical feet forming rhythmical lines

From this reading Present-day ineptitude--Jackson’s _Oxford Journal_--Domestic intelligence--Election poems--Curious advertisements--Superabundance of St John’s editors--Terrae Filius.

pointnounUS /pɔɪnt/

a geometric element that has position but no extension

From this reading The sister university can, of course, point to many sons whose names stand high in the literary firmament, but they do not amount to a tithe of the number of great writers who have passed through Oxford.

Present-dayadjective

belonging to the present time

From this reading Present-day ineptitude--Jackson’s _Oxford Journal_--Domestic intelligence--Election poems--Curious advertisements--Superabundance of St John’s editors--Terrae Filius.

shepronounUS /ʃiː/

a woman, girl, or female animal already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading Oxford may be the home of lost causes, but she is also the cradle for infant pens.

shelternounUS /ˈʃeltər/

a structure that provides privacy and protection from danger

From this reading Generations of pens splutter their first incoherencies behind the comparative shelter of the city walls through which the harsh criticism of maturer writers cannot penetrate.

sisternounUS /ˈsɪstər/

a female person who has the same parents as another person

From this reading The sister university can, of course, point to many sons whose names stand high in the literary firmament, but they do not amount to a tithe of the number of great writers who have passed through Oxford.

someadjectiveUS /sʌm/

(quantifier) used with either mass nouns or plural count nouns to indicate an unspecified number or quantity

From this reading There is some indefinable element in the atmosphere of Oxford which has always excited an itch for writing.

sonsnounUS /sʌnz/

plural of “son” — a male human offspring

From this reading The sister university can, of course, point to many sons whose names stand high in the literary firmament, but they do not amount to a tithe of the number of great writers who have passed through Oxford.

splutternoun

the noise of something spattering or sputtering explosively

From this reading Generations of pens splutter their first incoherencies behind the comparative shelter of the city walls through which the harsh criticism of maturer writers cannot penetrate.

St

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Present-day ineptitude--Jackson’s _Oxford Journal_--Domestic intelligence--Election poems--Curious advertisements--Superabundance of St John’s editors--Terrae Filius.

standverbUS /stænd/

be standing; be upright

From this reading The sister university can, of course, point to many sons whose names stand high in the literary firmament, but they do not amount to a tithe of the number of great writers who have passed through Oxford.

Superabundancenoun

a quantity that is more than what is appropriate

From this reading Present-day ineptitude--Jackson’s _Oxford Journal_--Domestic intelligence--Election poems--Curious advertisements--Superabundance of St John’s editors--Terrae Filius.

Terrae

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Present-day ineptitude--Jackson’s _Oxford Journal_--Domestic intelligence--Election poems--Curious advertisements--Superabundance of St John’s editors--Terrae Filius.

thedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading There is some indefinable element in the atmosphere of Oxford which has always excited an itch for writing.

theirdeterminerUS /ðer/

belonging to the people or things already mentioned

From this reading Generations of pens splutter their first incoherencies behind the comparative shelter of the city walls through which the harsh criticism of maturer writers cannot penetrate.

ThereadverbUS /ðer/

in or at that place or location

From this reading There is some indefinable element in the atmosphere of Oxford which has always excited an itch for writing.

theypronounUS /ðeɪ/

the people, animals, or things already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading The sister university can, of course, point to many sons whose names stand high in the literary firmament, but they do not amount to a tithe of the number of great writers who have passed through Oxford.

throughprepositionUS /θruː/

from one end or side of something to the other

From this reading The sister university can, of course, point to many sons whose names stand high in the literary firmament, but they do not amount to a tithe of the number of great writers who have passed through Oxford.

titheverbUS /taɪð/

exact a tithe from

From this reading The sister university can, of course, point to many sons whose names stand high in the literary firmament, but they do not amount to a tithe of the number of great writers who have passed through Oxford.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading The sister university can, of course, point to many sons whose names stand high in the literary firmament, but they do not amount to a tithe of the number of great writers who have passed through Oxford.

universitynounUS /ˌjuːnəˈvɜːrsəti/

the body of faculty and students at a university

From this reading The sister university can, of course, point to many sons whose names stand high in the literary firmament, but they do not amount to a tithe of the number of great writers who have passed through Oxford.

wallsnounUS /wɔːlz/

plural of “wall” — an architectural partition with a height and length greater than its thickness; used to divide or enclose an area or to support another structure

From this reading Generations of pens splutter their first incoherencies behind the comparative shelter of the city walls through which the harsh criticism of maturer writers cannot penetrate.

whichpronounUS /wɪtʃ/

used to introduce a clause giving more about a thing just mentioned

From this reading There is some indefinable element in the atmosphere of Oxford which has always excited an itch for writing.

whopronounUS /huː/

which person or people

From this reading The sister university can, of course, point to many sons whose names stand high in the literary firmament, but they do not amount to a tithe of the number of great writers who have passed through Oxford.

whosedeterminerUS /huːz/

belonging to which person

From this reading The sister university can, of course, point to many sons whose names stand high in the literary firmament, but they do not amount to a tithe of the number of great writers who have passed through Oxford.

writersnounUS /ˈraɪtərz/

plural of “writer” — writes (books or stories or articles or the like) professionally (for pay)

From this reading The sister university can, of course, point to many sons whose names stand high in the literary firmament, but they do not amount to a tithe of the number of great writers who have passed through Oxford.

writingnounUS /ˈraɪtɪŋ/

the act of creating written works

From this reading There is some indefinable element in the atmosphere of Oxford which has always excited an itch for writing.

Chapter 11 of Rowlandson's Oxford by A. Hamilton (Arthur Hamilton) Gibbs holds 141 sentences, grouped into 29 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 11 of Rowlandson's Oxford contain?

Chapter 11 holds 141 sentences of Rowlandson's Oxford, unabridged, divided into 29 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 11 of Rowlandson's Oxford by A. Hamilton (Arthur Hamilton) Gibbs exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 141 sentences, grouped into 29 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 11 of Rowlandson's Oxford?

Work through the 29 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 29 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 11 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 11 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading Rowlandson's Oxford

Common questions about reading Rowlandson's Oxford by A. Hamilton (Arthur Hamilton) Gibbs on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of Rowlandson's Oxford?

Yes. All 2160 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #42960 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of Rowlandson's Oxford is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #42960, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does Rowlandson's Oxford take to read?

About 180 minutes of reading across 432 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

How to read Rowlandson's Oxford section by section

How to work through Rowlandson's Oxford section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.

  1. Open a chapter

    Choose one of the 20 chapters of Rowlandson's Oxford to begin.

  2. Read one section

    Each section holds 5 sentences; read it once through.

  3. Listen and tap

    Play the section aloud, then tap any unfamiliar word for its entry.

Vocabulary met early in Rowlandson's Oxford

Words and structures a reader meets early in Rowlandson's Oxford, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

William
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Rowlandson's Oxford; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Collins--joins
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Rowlandson's Oxford; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Smarts--forgets
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Rowlandson's Oxford; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Work--
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Rowlandson's Oxford; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.