Complete classic literature • Five-line readings • Clear US narration
VELMORA ACADEMY
Academy of Archival Languages & Memory Studies
Menu Close
Runnymede and Lincoln Fair
Runnymede and Lincoln Fair

Chapter XIII

Chapter 13 of Runnymede and Lincoln Fair is here in full — 112 sentences across 23 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Cover illustration for Runnymede and Lincoln Fair
Context Illustration Reading 1/22 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
CHAS-CHATEIL On the summit of a hill looking over the vale of the Kennet stood the castle of Chas-Chateil, surrounded by a park well wooded, and stocked with deer and beasts of game.
It had been built in the reign of Stephen by Henry de Moreville, a great baron who flourished in the twelfth century and bore an eagle on his shield, after his return from the Holy Land; and as the Morevilles were favourites with the second Henry, it escaped destruction during the time when the politic king razed so many feudal fortresses to the ground.
Originally it was an ordinary Norman castle, consisting of a basecourt, the sides of the walls being fortified with angles, towers, buttresses, battlements, and hornworks.
But it was now a far prouder and more magnificent edifice--a place which, if well garrisoned and provisioned, might, before the invention of cannon, have held out long against a besieging army.
In fact, few men in England had a more thorough perception of the utter insecurity of national affairs at that time than Hugh de Moreville.
0:00 / 0:00
Speed 0.75x
AI-generated narration by OpenAI · Slow US English
LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

Runnymede and Lincoln Fair

Chapter XIII

Chapter 13 of Runnymede and Lincoln Fair is here in full — 112 sentences across 23 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/22 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
CHAS-CHATEIL On the summit of a hill looking over the vale of the Kennet stood the castle of Chas-Chateil, surrounded by a park well wooded, and stocked with deer and beasts of game.
Line 2
It had been built in the reign of Stephen by Henry de Moreville, a great baron who flourished in the twelfth century and bore an eagle on his shield, after his return from the Holy Land; and as the Morevilles were favourites with the second Henry, it escaped destruction during the time when the politic king razed so many feudal fortresses to the ground.
Line 3
Originally it was an ordinary Norman castle, consisting of a basecourt, the sides of the walls being fortified with angles, towers, buttresses, battlements, and hornworks.
Line 4
But it was now a far prouder and more magnificent edifice--a place which, if well garrisoned and provisioned, might, before the invention of cannon, have held out long against a besieging army.
Line 5
In fact, few men in England had a more thorough perception of the utter insecurity of national affairs at that time than Hugh de Moreville.

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

besieging noun US /bɪˈsiːdʒɪŋ/

the action of an armed force that surrounds a fortified place and isolates it while continuing to attack

From this reading “But it was now a far prouder and more magnificent edifice--a place which, if well garrisoned and provisioned, might, before the invention of cannon, have held out long against a besieging army.”

buttresses noun US /ˈbʌtrəsəz/

plural of “buttress” — a support usually of stone or brick; supports the wall of a building

From this reading “Originally it was an ordinary Norman castle, consisting of a basecourt, the sides of the walls being fortified with angles, towers, buttresses, battlements, and hornworks.”

fortresses noun US /ˈfɔːrtrəsɪz/

plural of “fortress” — a fortified defensive structure

From this reading “It had been built in the reign of Stephen by Henry de Moreville, a great baron who flourished in the twelfth century and bore an eagle on his shield, after his return from the Holy Land; and as the Morevilles were favourites with the second Henry, it escaped destruction during the time when the politic king razed so many feudal fortresses to the ground.”

garrisoned verb US /ˈɡærəsənd/

past form of “garrison” — station (troops) in a fort or garrison

From this reading “But it was now a far prouder and more magnificent edifice--a place which, if well garrisoned and provisioned, might, before the invention of cannon, have held out long against a besieging army.”

insecurity noun US /ˌɪnsɪˈkjʊrɪti/

the state of being subject to danger or injury

From this reading “In fact, few men in England had a more thorough perception of the utter insecurity of national affairs at that time than Hugh de Moreville.”

prouder adjective US /ˈpraʊdər/

comparative of “proud” — feeling self-respect or pleasure in something by which you measure your self-worth; or being a reason for pride

From this reading “But it was now a far prouder and more magnificent edifice--a place which, if well garrisoned and provisioned, might, before the invention of cannon, have held out long against a besieging army.”

razed adjective US /reɪzd/

torn down and broken up

From this reading “It had been built in the reign of Stephen by Henry de Moreville, a great baron who flourished in the twelfth century and bore an eagle on his shield, after his return from the Holy Land; and as the Morevilles were favourites with the second Henry, it escaped destruction during the time when the politic king razed so many feudal fortresses to the ground.”

stocked adjective US /stɑːkt/

furnished with more than enough

From this reading “CHAS-CHATEIL On the summit of a hill looking over the vale of the Kennet stood the castle of Chas-Chateil, surrounded by a park well wooded, and stocked with deer and beasts of game.”

Word partnerships in these lines

English keeps certain words together, and knowing the pair is worth more than knowing each word alone. Every partnership below was counted across our whole published library, and earns its place by appearing far more often than two unrelated words of the same frequency would.

Shown as this reading writes them, with the form the library counts, what kind of pairing it is, and how often it occurs.

twelfth century adjective + noun

In this reading “It had been built in the reign of Stephen by Henry de Moreville, a great baron who flourished in the twelfth century and bore an eagle on his shield, after his return from the Holy Land; and as the Morevilles were favourites with the second Henry, it escaped destruction during the time when the politic king razed so many feudal fortresses to the ground.”

escaped destruction adjective + noun

In this reading “It had been built in the reign of Stephen by Henry de Moreville, a great baron who flourished in the twelfth century and bore an eagle on his shield, after his return from the Holy Land; and as the Morevilles were favourites with the second Henry, it escaped destruction during the time when the politic king razed so many feudal fortresses to the ground.”

On the summit preposition + article + noun counted as “on … summit”

In this reading “CHAS-CHATEIL On the summit of a hill looking over the vale of the Kennet stood the castle of Chas-Chateil, surrounded by a park well wooded, and stocked with deer and beasts of game.”

consisting of verb + particle counted as “consist of”

In this reading “Originally it was an ordinary Norman castle, consisting of a basecourt, the sides of the walls being fortified with angles, towers, buttresses, battlements, and hornworks.”

well wooded adverb + adjective

In this reading “CHAS-CHATEIL On the summit of a hill looking over the vale of the Kennet stood the castle of Chas-Chateil, surrounded by a park well wooded, and stocked with deer and beasts of game.”

In fact preposition + noun

in reality or actuality

In this reading “In fact, few men in England had a more thorough perception of the utter insecurity of national affairs at that time than Hugh de Moreville.”

return from verb + particle

In this reading “It had been built in the reign of Stephen by Henry de Moreville, a great baron who flourished in the twelfth century and bore an eagle on his shield, after his return from the Holy Land; and as the Morevilles were favourites with the second Henry, it escaped destruction during the time when the politic king razed so many feudal fortresses to the ground.”

few men adjective + noun

In this reading “In fact, few men in England had a more thorough perception of the utter insecurity of national affairs at that time than Hugh de Moreville.”

All words in this reading · 121

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading CHAS-CHATEIL On the summit of a hill looking over the vale of the Kennet stood the castle of Chas-Chateil, surrounded by a park well wooded, and stocked with deer and beasts of game.

affairsnounUS /əˈferz/

matters of personal concern

From this reading In fact, few men in England had a more thorough perception of the utter insecurity of national affairs at that time than Hugh de Moreville.

afterprepositionUS /ˈæftər/

later than; following

From this reading It had been built in the reign of Stephen by Henry de Moreville, a great baron who flourished in the twelfth century and bore an eagle on his shield, after his return from the Holy Land; and as the Morevilles were favourites with the second Henry, it escaped destruction during the time when the politic king razed so many feudal fortresses to the ground.

againstprepositionUS /əˈɡenst/

touching and pressing; in opposition to

From this reading But it was now a far prouder and more magnificent edifice--a place which, if well garrisoned and provisioned, might, before the invention of cannon, have held out long against a besieging army.

andeterminerUS /æn/

the form of “a” used before a word that begins with a vowel sound

From this reading It had been built in the reign of Stephen by Henry de Moreville, a great baron who flourished in the twelfth century and bore an eagle on his shield, after his return from the Holy Land; and as the Morevilles were favourites with the second Henry, it escaped destruction during the time when the politic king razed so many feudal fortresses to the ground.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading CHAS-CHATEIL On the summit of a hill looking over the vale of the Kennet stood the castle of Chas-Chateil, surrounded by a park well wooded, and stocked with deer and beasts of game.

anglesnounUS /ˈæŋɡəlz/

plural of “angle” — the space between two lines or planes that intersect; the inclination of one line to another; measured in degrees or radians

From this reading Originally it was an ordinary Norman castle, consisting of a basecourt, the sides of the walls being fortified with angles, towers, buttresses, battlements, and hornworks.

armynounUS /ˈɑːrmi/

a permanent organization of the military land forces of a nation or state

From this reading But it was now a far prouder and more magnificent edifice--a place which, if well garrisoned and provisioned, might, before the invention of cannon, have held out long against a besieging army.

asconjunctionUS /æz/

at the same time that; because; in the way that

From this reading It had been built in the reign of Stephen by Henry de Moreville, a great baron who flourished in the twelfth century and bore an eagle on his shield, after his return from the Holy Land; and as the Morevilles were favourites with the second Henry, it escaped destruction during the time when the politic king razed so many feudal fortresses to the ground.

atprepositionUS /æt/

in or near a particular place or position

From this reading In fact, few men in England had a more thorough perception of the utter insecurity of national affairs at that time than Hugh de Moreville.

baronnounUS /ˈbærən/

a nobleman (in various countries) of varying rank

From this reading It had been built in the reign of Stephen by Henry de Moreville, a great baron who flourished in the twelfth century and bore an eagle on his shield, after his return from the Holy Land; and as the Morevilles were favourites with the second Henry, it escaped destruction during the time when the politic king razed so many feudal fortresses to the ground.

basecourt

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Originally it was an ordinary Norman castle, consisting of a basecourt, the sides of the walls being fortified with angles, towers, buttresses, battlements, and hornworks.

battlementsnounUS /ˈbætəlmənts/

plural of “battlement” — a rampart built around the top of a castle with regular gaps for firing arrows or guns

From this reading Originally it was an ordinary Norman castle, consisting of a basecourt, the sides of the walls being fortified with angles, towers, buttresses, battlements, and hornworks.

beastsnounUS /biːsts/

plural of “beast” — a living organism characterized by voluntary movement

From this reading CHAS-CHATEIL On the summit of a hill looking over the vale of the Kennet stood the castle of Chas-Chateil, surrounded by a park well wooded, and stocked with deer and beasts of game.

beenauxiliary verbUS /bɪn/

the past participle of “be”

From this reading It had been built in the reign of Stephen by Henry de Moreville, a great baron who flourished in the twelfth century and bore an eagle on his shield, after his return from the Holy Land; and as the Morevilles were favourites with the second Henry, it escaped destruction during the time when the politic king razed so many feudal fortresses to the ground.

beforeprepositionUS /bɪˈfɔːr/

earlier than; in front of

From this reading But it was now a far prouder and more magnificent edifice--a place which, if well garrisoned and provisioned, might, before the invention of cannon, have held out long against a besieging army.

beingauxiliary verbUS /ˈbiːɪŋ/

the -ing form of “be”

From this reading Originally it was an ordinary Norman castle, consisting of a basecourt, the sides of the walls being fortified with angles, towers, buttresses, battlements, and hornworks.

besiegingnounUS /bɪˈsiːdʒɪŋ/

the action of an armed force that surrounds a fortified place and isolates it while continuing to attack

From this reading But it was now a far prouder and more magnificent edifice--a place which, if well garrisoned and provisioned, might, before the invention of cannon, have held out long against a besieging army.

boreverbUS /bɔːr/

cause to be bored

From this reading It had been built in the reign of Stephen by Henry de Moreville, a great baron who flourished in the twelfth century and bore an eagle on his shield, after his return from the Holy Land; and as the Morevilles were favourites with the second Henry, it escaped destruction during the time when the politic king razed so many feudal fortresses to the ground.

builtadjectiveUS /bɪlt/

(used of soaps or cleaning agents) having a substance (an abrasive or filler) added to increase effectiveness

From this reading It had been built in the reign of Stephen by Henry de Moreville, a great baron who flourished in the twelfth century and bore an eagle on his shield, after his return from the Holy Land; and as the Morevilles were favourites with the second Henry, it escaped destruction during the time when the politic king razed so many feudal fortresses to the ground.

ButconjunctionUS /bʌt/

used to introduce something that contrasts with what came before

From this reading But it was now a far prouder and more magnificent edifice--a place which, if well garrisoned and provisioned, might, before the invention of cannon, have held out long against a besieging army.

buttressesnounUS /ˈbʌtrəsəz/

plural of “buttress” — a support usually of stone or brick; supports the wall of a building

From this reading Originally it was an ordinary Norman castle, consisting of a basecourt, the sides of the walls being fortified with angles, towers, buttresses, battlements, and hornworks.

byprepositionUS /baɪ/

showing who or what does the action

From this reading CHAS-CHATEIL On the summit of a hill looking over the vale of the Kennet stood the castle of Chas-Chateil, surrounded by a park well wooded, and stocked with deer and beasts of game.

cannonnounUS /ˈkænən/

a large artillery gun that is usually on wheels

From this reading But it was now a far prouder and more magnificent edifice--a place which, if well garrisoned and provisioned, might, before the invention of cannon, have held out long against a besieging army.

castlenounUS /ˈkæsəl/

a large and stately mansion

From this reading CHAS-CHATEIL On the summit of a hill looking over the vale of the Kennet stood the castle of Chas-Chateil, surrounded by a park well wooded, and stocked with deer and beasts of game.

centurynounUS /ˈsentʃəri/

a period of 100 years

From this reading It had been built in the reign of Stephen by Henry de Moreville, a great baron who flourished in the twelfth century and bore an eagle on his shield, after his return from the Holy Land; and as the Morevilles were favourites with the second Henry, it escaped destruction during the time when the politic king razed so many feudal fortresses to the ground.

CHAS-CHATEIL

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading CHAS-CHATEIL On the summit of a hill looking over the vale of the Kennet stood the castle of Chas-Chateil, surrounded by a park well wooded, and stocked with deer and beasts of game.

consistingverbUS /kənˈsɪstɪŋ/

-ing form of “consist” — originate

From this reading Originally it was an ordinary Norman castle, consisting of a basecourt, the sides of the walls being fortified with angles, towers, buttresses, battlements, and hornworks.

denounUS /diː/

a Mid-Atlantic state; one of the original 13 colonies

From this reading It had been built in the reign of Stephen by Henry de Moreville, a great baron who flourished in the twelfth century and bore an eagle on his shield, after his return from the Holy Land; and as the Morevilles were favourites with the second Henry, it escaped destruction during the time when the politic king razed so many feudal fortresses to the ground.

deernounUS /dɪr/

distinguished from Bovidae by the male's having solid deciduous antlers

From this reading CHAS-CHATEIL On the summit of a hill looking over the vale of the Kennet stood the castle of Chas-Chateil, surrounded by a park well wooded, and stocked with deer and beasts of game.

destructionnounUS /dɪˈstrʌkʃən/

the termination of something by causing so much damage to it that it cannot be repaired or no longer exists

From this reading It had been built in the reign of Stephen by Henry de Moreville, a great baron who flourished in the twelfth century and bore an eagle on his shield, after his return from the Holy Land; and as the Morevilles were favourites with the second Henry, it escaped destruction during the time when the politic king razed so many feudal fortresses to the ground.

duringprepositionUS /ˈdʊrɪŋ/

all through a period, or at some point within it

From this reading It had been built in the reign of Stephen by Henry de Moreville, a great baron who flourished in the twelfth century and bore an eagle on his shield, after his return from the Holy Land; and as the Morevilles were favourites with the second Henry, it escaped destruction during the time when the politic king razed so many feudal fortresses to the ground.

eaglenounUS /ˈiːɡəl/

any of various large keen-sighted diurnal birds of prey noted for their broad wings and strong soaring flight

From this reading It had been built in the reign of Stephen by Henry de Moreville, a great baron who flourished in the twelfth century and bore an eagle on his shield, after his return from the Holy Land; and as the Morevilles were favourites with the second Henry, it escaped destruction during the time when the politic king razed so many feudal fortresses to the ground.

edificenounUS /ˈedəfəs/

a structure that has a roof and walls and stands more or less permanently in one place

From this reading But it was now a far prouder and more magnificent edifice--a place which, if well garrisoned and provisioned, might, before the invention of cannon, have held out long against a besieging army.

EnglandnounUS /ˈɪŋɡlənd/

a division of the United Kingdom

From this reading In fact, few men in England had a more thorough perception of the utter insecurity of national affairs at that time than Hugh de Moreville.

escapedadjectiveUS /ɪˈskeɪpt/

having escaped, especially from confinement

From this reading It had been built in the reign of Stephen by Henry de Moreville, a great baron who flourished in the twelfth century and bore an eagle on his shield, after his return from the Holy Land; and as the Morevilles were favourites with the second Henry, it escaped destruction during the time when the politic king razed so many feudal fortresses to the ground.

factnounUS /fækt/

a piece of information about circumstances that exist or events that have occurred

From this reading In fact, few men in England had a more thorough perception of the utter insecurity of national affairs at that time than Hugh de Moreville.

faradverbUS /fɑːr/

to a considerable degree; very much

From this reading But it was now a far prouder and more magnificent edifice--a place which, if well garrisoned and provisioned, might, before the invention of cannon, have held out long against a besieging army.

favourites

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading It had been built in the reign of Stephen by Henry de Moreville, a great baron who flourished in the twelfth century and bore an eagle on his shield, after his return from the Holy Land; and as the Morevilles were favourites with the second Henry, it escaped destruction during the time when the politic king razed so many feudal fortresses to the ground.

feudaladjectiveUS /ˈfjuːdəl/

of or relating to or characteristic of feudalism

From this reading It had been built in the reign of Stephen by Henry de Moreville, a great baron who flourished in the twelfth century and bore an eagle on his shield, after his return from the Holy Land; and as the Morevilles were favourites with the second Henry, it escaped destruction during the time when the politic king razed so many feudal fortresses to the ground.

fewadjectiveUS /fjuː/

a quantifier that can be used with count nouns and is often preceded by “a”; a small but indefinite number

From this reading In fact, few men in England had a more thorough perception of the utter insecurity of national affairs at that time than Hugh de Moreville.

flourishedverbUS /ˈflɜːrɪʃt/

past form of “flourish” — grow vigorously

From this reading It had been built in the reign of Stephen by Henry de Moreville, a great baron who flourished in the twelfth century and bore an eagle on his shield, after his return from the Holy Land; and as the Morevilles were favourites with the second Henry, it escaped destruction during the time when the politic king razed so many feudal fortresses to the ground.

fortifiedadjectiveUS /ˈfɔːrtəfaɪd/

secured with bastions or fortifications

From this reading Originally it was an ordinary Norman castle, consisting of a basecourt, the sides of the walls being fortified with angles, towers, buttresses, battlements, and hornworks.

fortressesnounUS /ˈfɔːrtrəsɪz/

plural of “fortress” — a fortified defensive structure

From this reading It had been built in the reign of Stephen by Henry de Moreville, a great baron who flourished in the twelfth century and bore an eagle on his shield, after his return from the Holy Land; and as the Morevilles were favourites with the second Henry, it escaped destruction during the time when the politic king razed so many feudal fortresses to the ground.

fromprepositionUS /frʌm/

showing where something starts, or who sent it

From this reading It had been built in the reign of Stephen by Henry de Moreville, a great baron who flourished in the twelfth century and bore an eagle on his shield, after his return from the Holy Land; and as the Morevilles were favourites with the second Henry, it escaped destruction during the time when the politic king razed so many feudal fortresses to the ground.

gamenounUS /ɡeɪm/

a contest with rules to determine a winner

From this reading CHAS-CHATEIL On the summit of a hill looking over the vale of the Kennet stood the castle of Chas-Chateil, surrounded by a park well wooded, and stocked with deer and beasts of game.

garrisonedverbUS /ˈɡærəsənd/

past form of “garrison” — station (troops) in a fort or garrison

From this reading But it was now a far prouder and more magnificent edifice--a place which, if well garrisoned and provisioned, might, before the invention of cannon, have held out long against a besieging army.

greatadjectiveUS /ɡreɪt/

relatively large in size or number or extent; larger than others of its kind

From this reading It had been built in the reign of Stephen by Henry de Moreville, a great baron who flourished in the twelfth century and bore an eagle on his shield, after his return from the Holy Land; and as the Morevilles were favourites with the second Henry, it escaped destruction during the time when the politic king razed so many feudal fortresses to the ground.

groundnounUS /ɡraʊnd/

the solid part of the earth's surface

From this reading It had been built in the reign of Stephen by Henry de Moreville, a great baron who flourished in the twelfth century and bore an eagle on his shield, after his return from the Holy Land; and as the Morevilles were favourites with the second Henry, it escaped destruction during the time when the politic king razed so many feudal fortresses to the ground.

hadauxiliary verbUS /hæd/

the past form of “have”, used to form the past perfect

From this reading It had been built in the reign of Stephen by Henry de Moreville, a great baron who flourished in the twelfth century and bore an eagle on his shield, after his return from the Holy Land; and as the Morevilles were favourites with the second Henry, it escaped destruction during the time when the politic king razed so many feudal fortresses to the ground.

haveauxiliary verbUS /hæv/

used with a past participle to form the perfect tenses

From this reading But it was now a far prouder and more magnificent edifice--a place which, if well garrisoned and provisioned, might, before the invention of cannon, have held out long against a besieging army.

heldadjectiveUS /held/

occupied or in the control of; often used in combination

From this reading But it was now a far prouder and more magnificent edifice--a place which, if well garrisoned and provisioned, might, before the invention of cannon, have held out long against a besieging army.

HenrynounUS /ˈhenri/

a unit of inductance in which an induced electromotive force of one volt is produced when the current is varied at the rate of one ampere per second

From this reading It had been built in the reign of Stephen by Henry de Moreville, a great baron who flourished in the twelfth century and bore an eagle on his shield, after his return from the Holy Land; and as the Morevilles were favourites with the second Henry, it escaped destruction during the time when the politic king razed so many feudal fortresses to the ground.

hillnounUS /hɪl/

a local and well-defined elevation of the land

From this reading CHAS-CHATEIL On the summit of a hill looking over the vale of the Kennet stood the castle of Chas-Chateil, surrounded by a park well wooded, and stocked with deer and beasts of game.

hisdeterminerUS /hɪz/

belonging to a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned

From this reading It had been built in the reign of Stephen by Henry de Moreville, a great baron who flourished in the twelfth century and bore an eagle on his shield, after his return from the Holy Land; and as the Morevilles were favourites with the second Henry, it escaped destruction during the time when the politic king razed so many feudal fortresses to the ground.

HolynounUS /ˈhoʊli/

a sacred place of pilgrimage

From this reading It had been built in the reign of Stephen by Henry de Moreville, a great baron who flourished in the twelfth century and bore an eagle on his shield, after his return from the Holy Land; and as the Morevilles were favourites with the second Henry, it escaped destruction during the time when the politic king razed so many feudal fortresses to the ground.

hornworks

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Originally it was an ordinary Norman castle, consisting of a basecourt, the sides of the walls being fortified with angles, towers, buttresses, battlements, and hornworks.

Hugh

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading In fact, few men in England had a more thorough perception of the utter insecurity of national affairs at that time than Hugh de Moreville.

ifconjunctionUS /ɪf/

on condition that; in the event that

From this reading But it was now a far prouder and more magnificent edifice--a place which, if well garrisoned and provisioned, might, before the invention of cannon, have held out long against a besieging army.

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading It had been built in the reign of Stephen by Henry de Moreville, a great baron who flourished in the twelfth century and bore an eagle on his shield, after his return from the Holy Land; and as the Morevilles were favourites with the second Henry, it escaped destruction during the time when the politic king razed so many feudal fortresses to the ground.

insecuritynounUS /ˌɪnsɪˈkjʊrɪti/

the state of being subject to danger or injury

From this reading In fact, few men in England had a more thorough perception of the utter insecurity of national affairs at that time than Hugh de Moreville.

inventionnounUS /ˌɪnˈvenʃən/

the creation of something in the mind

From this reading But it was now a far prouder and more magnificent edifice--a place which, if well garrisoned and provisioned, might, before the invention of cannon, have held out long against a besieging army.

ItpronounUS /ɪt/

a thing, animal, or idea already mentioned

From this reading It had been built in the reign of Stephen by Henry de Moreville, a great baron who flourished in the twelfth century and bore an eagle on his shield, after his return from the Holy Land; and as the Morevilles were favourites with the second Henry, it escaped destruction during the time when the politic king razed so many feudal fortresses to the ground.

Kennet

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading CHAS-CHATEIL On the summit of a hill looking over the vale of the Kennet stood the castle of Chas-Chateil, surrounded by a park well wooded, and stocked with deer and beasts of game.

kingnounUS /kɪŋ/

a male sovereign; ruler of a kingdom

From this reading It had been built in the reign of Stephen by Henry de Moreville, a great baron who flourished in the twelfth century and bore an eagle on his shield, after his return from the Holy Land; and as the Morevilles were favourites with the second Henry, it escaped destruction during the time when the politic king razed so many feudal fortresses to the ground.

LandnounUS /lænd/

the land on which real estate is located

From this reading It had been built in the reign of Stephen by Henry de Moreville, a great baron who flourished in the twelfth century and bore an eagle on his shield, after his return from the Holy Land; and as the Morevilles were favourites with the second Henry, it escaped destruction during the time when the politic king razed so many feudal fortresses to the ground.

longadjectiveUS /lɔːŋ/

primarily temporal sense; being or indicating a relatively great or greater than average duration or passage of time or a duration as specified

From this reading But it was now a far prouder and more magnificent edifice--a place which, if well garrisoned and provisioned, might, before the invention of cannon, have held out long against a besieging army.

lookingnounUS /ˈlʊkɪŋ/

the act of directing the eyes toward something and perceiving it visually

From this reading CHAS-CHATEIL On the summit of a hill looking over the vale of the Kennet stood the castle of Chas-Chateil, surrounded by a park well wooded, and stocked with deer and beasts of game.

magnificentadjectiveUS /mæɡˈnɪfəsənt/

characterized by grandeur

From this reading But it was now a far prouder and more magnificent edifice--a place which, if well garrisoned and provisioned, might, before the invention of cannon, have held out long against a besieging army.

manyadjectiveUS /ˈmeni/

a quantifier that can be used with count nouns and is often preceded by “as” or “too” or “so” or “that”; amounting to a large but indefinite number

From this reading It had been built in the reign of Stephen by Henry de Moreville, a great baron who flourished in the twelfth century and bore an eagle on his shield, after his return from the Holy Land; and as the Morevilles were favourites with the second Henry, it escaped destruction during the time when the politic king razed so many feudal fortresses to the ground.

mennounUS /men/

the force of workers available

From this reading In fact, few men in England had a more thorough perception of the utter insecurity of national affairs at that time than Hugh de Moreville.

mightmodal verbUS /maɪt/

used to say something is possible but not certain

From this reading But it was now a far prouder and more magnificent edifice--a place which, if well garrisoned and provisioned, might, before the invention of cannon, have held out long against a besieging army.

moreadjectiveUS /mɔːr/

(comparative of “much” used with mass nouns) a quantifier meaning greater in size or amount or extent or degree

From this reading But it was now a far prouder and more magnificent edifice--a place which, if well garrisoned and provisioned, might, before the invention of cannon, have held out long against a besieging army.

Moreville

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading It had been built in the reign of Stephen by Henry de Moreville, a great baron who flourished in the twelfth century and bore an eagle on his shield, after his return from the Holy Land; and as the Morevilles were favourites with the second Henry, it escaped destruction during the time when the politic king razed so many feudal fortresses to the ground.

Morevilles

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading It had been built in the reign of Stephen by Henry de Moreville, a great baron who flourished in the twelfth century and bore an eagle on his shield, after his return from the Holy Land; and as the Morevilles were favourites with the second Henry, it escaped destruction during the time when the politic king razed so many feudal fortresses to the ground.

nationaladjectiveUS /ˈnæʃənəl/

of or relating to or belonging to a nation or country

From this reading In fact, few men in England had a more thorough perception of the utter insecurity of national affairs at that time than Hugh de Moreville.

NormannounUS /ˈnɔːrmən/

United States operatic soprano (born in 1945)

From this reading Originally it was an ordinary Norman castle, consisting of a basecourt, the sides of the walls being fortified with angles, towers, buttresses, battlements, and hornworks.

nowadverbUS /naʊ/

in the historical present; at this point in the narration of a series of past events

From this reading But it was now a far prouder and more magnificent edifice--a place which, if well garrisoned and provisioned, might, before the invention of cannon, have held out long against a besieging army.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading CHAS-CHATEIL On the summit of a hill looking over the vale of the Kennet stood the castle of Chas-Chateil, surrounded by a park well wooded, and stocked with deer and beasts of game.

OnprepositionUS /ɑːn/

touching and supported by a surface

From this reading CHAS-CHATEIL On the summit of a hill looking over the vale of the Kennet stood the castle of Chas-Chateil, surrounded by a park well wooded, and stocked with deer and beasts of game.

ordinarynounUS /ˈɔːrdəneri/

a judge of a probate court

From this reading Originally it was an ordinary Norman castle, consisting of a basecourt, the sides of the walls being fortified with angles, towers, buttresses, battlements, and hornworks.

OriginallyadverbUS /ərˈɪdʒənəli/

in an original manner

From this reading Originally it was an ordinary Norman castle, consisting of a basecourt, the sides of the walls being fortified with angles, towers, buttresses, battlements, and hornworks.

outadjectiveUS /aʊt/

not allowed to continue to bat or run

From this reading But it was now a far prouder and more magnificent edifice--a place which, if well garrisoned and provisioned, might, before the invention of cannon, have held out long against a besieging army.

overprepositionUS /ˈoʊvər/

above and across; more than

From this reading CHAS-CHATEIL On the summit of a hill looking over the vale of the Kennet stood the castle of Chas-Chateil, surrounded by a park well wooded, and stocked with deer and beasts of game.

parknounUS /pɑːrk/

a large area of land preserved in its natural state as public property

From this reading CHAS-CHATEIL On the summit of a hill looking over the vale of the Kennet stood the castle of Chas-Chateil, surrounded by a park well wooded, and stocked with deer and beasts of game.

perceptionnounUS /pərˈsepʃən/

the representation of what is perceived; basic component in the formation of a concept

From this reading In fact, few men in England had a more thorough perception of the utter insecurity of national affairs at that time than Hugh de Moreville.

placenounUS /pleɪs/

a point located with respect to surface features of some region

From this reading But it was now a far prouder and more magnificent edifice--a place which, if well garrisoned and provisioned, might, before the invention of cannon, have held out long against a besieging army.

politicadjectiveUS /ˈpɑːlətɪk/

marked by artful prudence, expedience, and shrewdness

From this reading It had been built in the reign of Stephen by Henry de Moreville, a great baron who flourished in the twelfth century and bore an eagle on his shield, after his return from the Holy Land; and as the Morevilles were favourites with the second Henry, it escaped destruction during the time when the politic king razed so many feudal fortresses to the ground.

prouderadjectiveUS /ˈpraʊdər/

comparative of “proud” — feeling self-respect or pleasure in something by which you measure your self-worth; or being a reason for pride

From this reading But it was now a far prouder and more magnificent edifice--a place which, if well garrisoned and provisioned, might, before the invention of cannon, have held out long against a besieging army.

provisioned

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading But it was now a far prouder and more magnificent edifice--a place which, if well garrisoned and provisioned, might, before the invention of cannon, have held out long against a besieging army.

razedadjectiveUS /reɪzd/

torn down and broken up

From this reading It had been built in the reign of Stephen by Henry de Moreville, a great baron who flourished in the twelfth century and bore an eagle on his shield, after his return from the Holy Land; and as the Morevilles were favourites with the second Henry, it escaped destruction during the time when the politic king razed so many feudal fortresses to the ground.

reignverbUS /reɪn/

have sovereign power

From this reading It had been built in the reign of Stephen by Henry de Moreville, a great baron who flourished in the twelfth century and bore an eagle on his shield, after his return from the Holy Land; and as the Morevilles were favourites with the second Henry, it escaped destruction during the time when the politic king razed so many feudal fortresses to the ground.

returnverbUS /rɪˈtɜːrn/

go or come back to place, condition, or activity where one has been before

From this reading It had been built in the reign of Stephen by Henry de Moreville, a great baron who flourished in the twelfth century and bore an eagle on his shield, after his return from the Holy Land; and as the Morevilles were favourites with the second Henry, it escaped destruction during the time when the politic king razed so many feudal fortresses to the ground.

secondnounUS /ˈsekənd/

1/60 of a minute; the basic unit of time adopted under the Systeme International d'Unites

From this reading It had been built in the reign of Stephen by Henry de Moreville, a great baron who flourished in the twelfth century and bore an eagle on his shield, after his return from the Holy Land; and as the Morevilles were favourites with the second Henry, it escaped destruction during the time when the politic king razed so many feudal fortresses to the ground.

shieldnounUS /ʃiːld/

a protective covering or structure

From this reading It had been built in the reign of Stephen by Henry de Moreville, a great baron who flourished in the twelfth century and bore an eagle on his shield, after his return from the Holy Land; and as the Morevilles were favourites with the second Henry, it escaped destruction during the time when the politic king razed so many feudal fortresses to the ground.

sidesnounUS /saɪdz/

plural of “side” — a place within a region identified relative to a center or reference location

From this reading Originally it was an ordinary Norman castle, consisting of a basecourt, the sides of the walls being fortified with angles, towers, buttresses, battlements, and hornworks.

soconjunctionUS /soʊ/

for that reason; with the result that

From this reading It had been built in the reign of Stephen by Henry de Moreville, a great baron who flourished in the twelfth century and bore an eagle on his shield, after his return from the Holy Land; and as the Morevilles were favourites with the second Henry, it escaped destruction during the time when the politic king razed so many feudal fortresses to the ground.

StephennounUS /ˈstiːvən/

English writer (1832-1904)

From this reading It had been built in the reign of Stephen by Henry de Moreville, a great baron who flourished in the twelfth century and bore an eagle on his shield, after his return from the Holy Land; and as the Morevilles were favourites with the second Henry, it escaped destruction during the time when the politic king razed so many feudal fortresses to the ground.

stockedadjectiveUS /stɑːkt/

furnished with more than enough

From this reading CHAS-CHATEIL On the summit of a hill looking over the vale of the Kennet stood the castle of Chas-Chateil, surrounded by a park well wooded, and stocked with deer and beasts of game.

stoodverbUS /stʊd/

Maintained an upright posture.

From this reading CHAS-CHATEIL On the summit of a hill looking over the vale of the Kennet stood the castle of Chas-Chateil, surrounded by a park well wooded, and stocked with deer and beasts of game.

summitnounUS /ˈsʌmət/

the highest level or degree attainable; the highest stage of development

From this reading CHAS-CHATEIL On the summit of a hill looking over the vale of the Kennet stood the castle of Chas-Chateil, surrounded by a park well wooded, and stocked with deer and beasts of game.

surroundedadjectiveUS /sərˈaʊndɪd/

confined on all sides

From this reading CHAS-CHATEIL On the summit of a hill looking over the vale of the Kennet stood the castle of Chas-Chateil, surrounded by a park well wooded, and stocked with deer and beasts of game.

thanconjunctionUS /ðæn/

used to introduce the second part of a comparison

From this reading In fact, few men in England had a more thorough perception of the utter insecurity of national affairs at that time than Hugh de Moreville.

thatconjunctionUS /ðæt/

used to introduce what somebody said, thought, or felt

From this reading In fact, few men in England had a more thorough perception of the utter insecurity of national affairs at that time than Hugh de Moreville.

thedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading CHAS-CHATEIL On the summit of a hill looking over the vale of the Kennet stood the castle of Chas-Chateil, surrounded by a park well wooded, and stocked with deer and beasts of game.

thoroughadjectiveUS /ˈθɜːroʊ/

painstakingly careful and accurate

From this reading In fact, few men in England had a more thorough perception of the utter insecurity of national affairs at that time than Hugh de Moreville.

timenounUS /taɪm/

an instance or single occasion for some event

From this reading It had been built in the reign of Stephen by Henry de Moreville, a great baron who flourished in the twelfth century and bore an eagle on his shield, after his return from the Holy Land; and as the Morevilles were favourites with the second Henry, it escaped destruction during the time when the politic king razed so many feudal fortresses to the ground.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading It had been built in the reign of Stephen by Henry de Moreville, a great baron who flourished in the twelfth century and bore an eagle on his shield, after his return from the Holy Land; and as the Morevilles were favourites with the second Henry, it escaped destruction during the time when the politic king razed so many feudal fortresses to the ground.

towersnounUS /ˈtaʊərz/

plural of “tower” — a structure taller than its diameter; can stand alone or be attached to a larger building

From this reading Originally it was an ordinary Norman castle, consisting of a basecourt, the sides of the walls being fortified with angles, towers, buttresses, battlements, and hornworks.

twelfthadjectiveUS /twelfθ/

coming next after the eleventh and just before the thirteenth in position

From this reading It had been built in the reign of Stephen by Henry de Moreville, a great baron who flourished in the twelfth century and bore an eagle on his shield, after his return from the Holy Land; and as the Morevilles were favourites with the second Henry, it escaped destruction during the time when the politic king razed so many feudal fortresses to the ground.

utterverbUS /ˈʌtər/

articulate; either verbally or with a cry, shout, or noise

From this reading In fact, few men in England had a more thorough perception of the utter insecurity of national affairs at that time than Hugh de Moreville.

valenounUS /veɪl/

a long depression in the surface of the land that usually contains a river

From this reading CHAS-CHATEIL On the summit of a hill looking over the vale of the Kennet stood the castle of Chas-Chateil, surrounded by a park well wooded, and stocked with deer and beasts of game.

wallsnounUS /wɔːlz/

plural of “wall” — an architectural partition with a height and length greater than its thickness; used to divide or enclose an area or to support another structure

From this reading Originally it was an ordinary Norman castle, consisting of a basecourt, the sides of the walls being fortified with angles, towers, buttresses, battlements, and hornworks.

wasauxiliary verbUS /wɑːz/

the past form of “be” used with I, he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading Originally it was an ordinary Norman castle, consisting of a basecourt, the sides of the walls being fortified with angles, towers, buttresses, battlements, and hornworks.

welladverbUS /wel/

(often used as a combining form) in a good or proper or satisfactory manner or to a high standard (“good” is a nonstandard dialectal variant for “well”)

From this reading CHAS-CHATEIL On the summit of a hill looking over the vale of the Kennet stood the castle of Chas-Chateil, surrounded by a park well wooded, and stocked with deer and beasts of game.

wereauxiliary verbUS /wɜːr/

the past form of “be” used with you, we, they, or a plural noun

From this reading It had been built in the reign of Stephen by Henry de Moreville, a great baron who flourished in the twelfth century and bore an eagle on his shield, after his return from the Holy Land; and as the Morevilles were favourites with the second Henry, it escaped destruction during the time when the politic king razed so many feudal fortresses to the ground.

whenconjunctionUS /wen/

at the time that

From this reading It had been built in the reign of Stephen by Henry de Moreville, a great baron who flourished in the twelfth century and bore an eagle on his shield, after his return from the Holy Land; and as the Morevilles were favourites with the second Henry, it escaped destruction during the time when the politic king razed so many feudal fortresses to the ground.

whichpronounUS /wɪtʃ/

used to introduce a clause giving more about a thing just mentioned

From this reading But it was now a far prouder and more magnificent edifice--a place which, if well garrisoned and provisioned, might, before the invention of cannon, have held out long against a besieging army.

whopronounUS /huː/

which person or people

From this reading It had been built in the reign of Stephen by Henry de Moreville, a great baron who flourished in the twelfth century and bore an eagle on his shield, after his return from the Holy Land; and as the Morevilles were favourites with the second Henry, it escaped destruction during the time when the politic king razed so many feudal fortresses to the ground.

withprepositionUS /wɪð/

in the company of; together with

From this reading CHAS-CHATEIL On the summit of a hill looking over the vale of the Kennet stood the castle of Chas-Chateil, surrounded by a park well wooded, and stocked with deer and beasts of game.

woodedadjectiveUS /ˈwʊdɪd/

covered with growing trees and bushes etc

From this reading CHAS-CHATEIL On the summit of a hill looking over the vale of the Kennet stood the castle of Chas-Chateil, surrounded by a park well wooded, and stocked with deer and beasts of game.

Chapter 13 of Runnymede and Lincoln Fair by John G. (John George) Edgar holds 112 sentences, grouped into 23 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 13 of Runnymede and Lincoln Fair contain?

Chapter 13 holds 112 sentences of Runnymede and Lincoln Fair, unabridged, divided into 23 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 13 of Runnymede and Lincoln Fair by John G. (John George) Edgar exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 112 sentences, grouped into 23 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 13 of Runnymede and Lincoln Fair?

Work through the 23 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 23 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 13 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 13 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading Runnymede and Lincoln Fair

Common questions about reading Runnymede and Lincoln Fair by John G. (John George) Edgar on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of Runnymede and Lincoln Fair?

Yes. All 3269 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #47923 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of Runnymede and Lincoln Fair is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #47923, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does Runnymede and Lincoln Fair take to read?

About 272 minutes of reading across 654 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

How to read Runnymede and Lincoln Fair section by section

How to work through Runnymede and Lincoln Fair section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.

  1. Open a chapter

    Choose one of the 40 chapters of Runnymede and Lincoln Fair to begin.

  2. Read one section

    Each section holds 5 sentences; read it once through.

  3. Listen and tap

    Play the section aloud, then tap any unfamiliar word for its entry.

Vocabulary met early in Runnymede and Lincoln Fair

Words and structures a reader meets early in Runnymede and Lincoln Fair, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

London
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Runnymede and Lincoln Fair; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Dutton
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Runnymede and Lincoln Fair; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Runnymede
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Runnymede and Lincoln Fair; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Lincoln
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Runnymede and Lincoln Fair; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.