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Ruth
Ruth

Chapter VIII · Chapter 8

Chapter 8 of Ruth is here in full — 70 sentences across 14 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

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Context Illustration Reading 1/14 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
The Storm-Spirit Subdued Mrs Hughes bustled about with many a sympathetic exclamation, now in pretty broken English, now in more fluent Welsh, which sounded as soft as Russian or Italian, in her musical voice.
Mr Benson, for that was the name of the hunchback, lay on the sofa, thinking; while the tender Mrs Hughes made every arrangement for his relief from pain.
He had lodged with her for three successive years, and she knew and loved him.
Ruth stood in the little bow-window, looking out.
Across the moon, and over the deep blue heavens, large, torn, irregular-shaped clouds went hurrying, as if summoned by some storm-spirit.
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LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

Ruth

Chapter VIII · Chapter 8

Chapter 8 of Ruth is here in full — 70 sentences across 14 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/14 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
The Storm-Spirit Subdued Mrs Hughes bustled about with many a sympathetic exclamation, now in pretty broken English, now in more fluent Welsh, which sounded as soft as Russian or Italian, in her musical voice.
Line 2
Mr Benson, for that was the name of the hunchback, lay on the sofa, thinking; while the tender Mrs Hughes made every arrangement for his relief from pain.
Line 3
He had lodged with her for three successive years, and she knew and loved him.
/hiː hæd lɑːdʒd wɪð hɜːr fɔːr θriː səkˈsesɪv jɪrz ənd ʃiː nuː ənd lʌvd hɪm/
Line 4
Ruth stood in the little bow-window, looking out.
Line 5
Across the moon, and over the deep blue heavens, large, torn, irregular-shaped clouds went hurrying, as if summoned by some storm-spirit.

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

fluent adjective US /ˈfluːənt/

smooth and unconstrained in movement

From this reading “The Storm-Spirit Subdued Mrs Hughes bustled about with many a sympathetic exclamation, now in pretty broken English, now in more fluent Welsh, which sounded as soft as Russian or Italian, in her musical voice.”

Hughes noun US /hjuːz/

English poet (born in 1930)

From this reading “The Storm-Spirit Subdued Mrs Hughes bustled about with many a sympathetic exclamation, now in pretty broken English, now in more fluent Welsh, which sounded as soft as Russian or Italian, in her musical voice.”

hunchback noun US /ˈhʌntʃbæk/

an abnormal backward curve to the vertebral column

From this reading “Mr Benson, for that was the name of the hunchback, lay on the sofa, thinking; while the tender Mrs Hughes made every arrangement for his relief from pain.”

lodged verb US /lɑːdʒd/

past form of “lodge” — be a lodger; stay temporarily

From this reading “He had lodged with her for three successive years, and she knew and loved him.”

Subdued adjective US /səbˈduːd/

in a softened tone

From this reading “The Storm-Spirit Subdued Mrs Hughes bustled about with many a sympathetic exclamation, now in pretty broken English, now in more fluent Welsh, which sounded as soft as Russian or Italian, in her musical voice.”

successive adjective US /səkˈsesɪv/

in regular succession without gaps

From this reading “He had lodged with her for three successive years, and she knew and loved him.”

sympathetic adjective US /ˌsɪmpəˈθetɪk/

of or relating to the sympathetic nervous system

From this reading “The Storm-Spirit Subdued Mrs Hughes bustled about with many a sympathetic exclamation, now in pretty broken English, now in more fluent Welsh, which sounded as soft as Russian or Italian, in her musical voice.”

Welsh noun US /weltʃ/

a native or resident of Wales

From this reading “The Storm-Spirit Subdued Mrs Hughes bustled about with many a sympathetic exclamation, now in pretty broken English, now in more fluent Welsh, which sounded as soft as Russian or Italian, in her musical voice.”

All words in this reading · 84

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading The Storm-Spirit Subdued Mrs Hughes bustled about with many a sympathetic exclamation, now in pretty broken English, now in more fluent Welsh, which sounded as soft as Russian or Italian, in her musical voice.

aboutprepositionUS /əˈbaʊt/

on the subject of; concerning

From this reading The Storm-Spirit Subdued Mrs Hughes bustled about with many a sympathetic exclamation, now in pretty broken English, now in more fluent Welsh, which sounded as soft as Russian or Italian, in her musical voice.

AcrossprepositionUS /əˈkrɔːs/

from one side of something to the other

From this reading Across the moon, and over the deep blue heavens, large, torn, irregular-shaped clouds went hurrying, as if summoned by some storm-spirit.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading He had lodged with her for three successive years, and she knew and loved him.

arrangementnounUS /ərˈeɪndʒmənt/

the thing arranged or agreed to

From this reading Mr Benson, for that was the name of the hunchback, lay on the sofa, thinking; while the tender Mrs Hughes made every arrangement for his relief from pain.

asconjunctionUS /æz/

at the same time that; because; in the way that

From this reading The Storm-Spirit Subdued Mrs Hughes bustled about with many a sympathetic exclamation, now in pretty broken English, now in more fluent Welsh, which sounded as soft as Russian or Italian, in her musical voice.

Benson

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Mr Benson, for that was the name of the hunchback, lay on the sofa, thinking; while the tender Mrs Hughes made every arrangement for his relief from pain.

blueadjectiveUS /bluː/

of the color intermediate between green and violet; having a color similar to that of a clear unclouded sky

From this reading Across the moon, and over the deep blue heavens, large, torn, irregular-shaped clouds went hurrying, as if summoned by some storm-spirit.

bow-window

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Ruth stood in the little bow-window, looking out.

brokenadjectiveUS /ˈbroʊkən/

physically and forcibly separated into pieces or cracked or split

From this reading The Storm-Spirit Subdued Mrs Hughes bustled about with many a sympathetic exclamation, now in pretty broken English, now in more fluent Welsh, which sounded as soft as Russian or Italian, in her musical voice.

bustled

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The Storm-Spirit Subdued Mrs Hughes bustled about with many a sympathetic exclamation, now in pretty broken English, now in more fluent Welsh, which sounded as soft as Russian or Italian, in her musical voice.

byprepositionUS /baɪ/

showing who or what does the action

From this reading Across the moon, and over the deep blue heavens, large, torn, irregular-shaped clouds went hurrying, as if summoned by some storm-spirit.

cloudsnounUS /klaʊdz/

plural of “cloud” — any collection of particles (e.g., smoke or dust) or gases that is visible

From this reading Across the moon, and over the deep blue heavens, large, torn, irregular-shaped clouds went hurrying, as if summoned by some storm-spirit.

deepadjectiveUS /diːp/

relatively deep or strong; affecting one deeply

From this reading Across the moon, and over the deep blue heavens, large, torn, irregular-shaped clouds went hurrying, as if summoned by some storm-spirit.

EnglishnounUS /ˈɪŋɡlɪʃ/

an Indo-European language belonging to the West Germanic branch; the official language of Britain and the United States and most of the commonwealth countries

From this reading The Storm-Spirit Subdued Mrs Hughes bustled about with many a sympathetic exclamation, now in pretty broken English, now in more fluent Welsh, which sounded as soft as Russian or Italian, in her musical voice.

everydeterminerUS /ˈevəri/

all the members of a group, with none left out

From this reading Mr Benson, for that was the name of the hunchback, lay on the sofa, thinking; while the tender Mrs Hughes made every arrangement for his relief from pain.

exclamationnounUS /ˌekskləˈmeɪʃən/

an abrupt excited utterance

From this reading The Storm-Spirit Subdued Mrs Hughes bustled about with many a sympathetic exclamation, now in pretty broken English, now in more fluent Welsh, which sounded as soft as Russian or Italian, in her musical voice.

fluentadjectiveUS /ˈfluːənt/

smooth and unconstrained in movement

From this reading The Storm-Spirit Subdued Mrs Hughes bustled about with many a sympathetic exclamation, now in pretty broken English, now in more fluent Welsh, which sounded as soft as Russian or Italian, in her musical voice.

forprepositionUS /fɔːr/

intended to be given to, or used by, somebody

From this reading Mr Benson, for that was the name of the hunchback, lay on the sofa, thinking; while the tender Mrs Hughes made every arrangement for his relief from pain.

fromprepositionUS /frʌm/

showing where something starts, or who sent it

From this reading Mr Benson, for that was the name of the hunchback, lay on the sofa, thinking; while the tender Mrs Hughes made every arrangement for his relief from pain.

hadauxiliary verbUS /hæd/

the past form of “have”, used to form the past perfect

From this reading He had lodged with her for three successive years, and she knew and loved him.

HepronounUS /hiː/

a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading He had lodged with her for three successive years, and she knew and loved him.

heavensnounUS /ˈhevənz/

the apparent surface of the imaginary sphere on which celestial bodies appear to be projected

From this reading Across the moon, and over the deep blue heavens, large, torn, irregular-shaped clouds went hurrying, as if summoned by some storm-spirit.

herdeterminerUS /hɜːr/

belonging to a woman, girl, or female animal already mentioned

From this reading The Storm-Spirit Subdued Mrs Hughes bustled about with many a sympathetic exclamation, now in pretty broken English, now in more fluent Welsh, which sounded as soft as Russian or Italian, in her musical voice.

himpronounUS /hɪm/

the male already mentioned, as the object of a verb or preposition

From this reading He had lodged with her for three successive years, and she knew and loved him.

hisdeterminerUS /hɪz/

belonging to a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned

From this reading Mr Benson, for that was the name of the hunchback, lay on the sofa, thinking; while the tender Mrs Hughes made every arrangement for his relief from pain.

HughesnounUS /hjuːz/

English poet (born in 1930)

From this reading The Storm-Spirit Subdued Mrs Hughes bustled about with many a sympathetic exclamation, now in pretty broken English, now in more fluent Welsh, which sounded as soft as Russian or Italian, in her musical voice.

hunchbacknounUS /ˈhʌntʃbæk/

an abnormal backward curve to the vertebral column

From this reading Mr Benson, for that was the name of the hunchback, lay on the sofa, thinking; while the tender Mrs Hughes made every arrangement for his relief from pain.

hurryingadjectiveUS /ˈhɜːriɪŋ/

moving with great haste

From this reading Across the moon, and over the deep blue heavens, large, torn, irregular-shaped clouds went hurrying, as if summoned by some storm-spirit.

ifconjunctionUS /ɪf/

on condition that; in the event that

From this reading Across the moon, and over the deep blue heavens, large, torn, irregular-shaped clouds went hurrying, as if summoned by some storm-spirit.

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading The Storm-Spirit Subdued Mrs Hughes bustled about with many a sympathetic exclamation, now in pretty broken English, now in more fluent Welsh, which sounded as soft as Russian or Italian, in her musical voice.

irregular-shaped

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Across the moon, and over the deep blue heavens, large, torn, irregular-shaped clouds went hurrying, as if summoned by some storm-spirit.

ItaliannounUS /ˌɪˈtæljən/

a native or inhabitant of Italy

From this reading The Storm-Spirit Subdued Mrs Hughes bustled about with many a sympathetic exclamation, now in pretty broken English, now in more fluent Welsh, which sounded as soft as Russian or Italian, in her musical voice.

knewverbUS /nuː/

inflected form of “know” — be cognizant or aware of a fact or a specific piece of information; possess knowledge or information about

From this reading He had lodged with her for three successive years, and she knew and loved him.

largeadjectiveUS /lɑːrdʒ/

above average in size or number or quantity or magnitude or extent

From this reading Across the moon, and over the deep blue heavens, large, torn, irregular-shaped clouds went hurrying, as if summoned by some storm-spirit.

layverbUS /leɪ/

put into a certain place or abstract location

From this reading Mr Benson, for that was the name of the hunchback, lay on the sofa, thinking; while the tender Mrs Hughes made every arrangement for his relief from pain.

littleadjectiveUS /ˈlɪtəl/

limited or below average in number or quantity or magnitude or extent

From this reading Ruth stood in the little bow-window, looking out.

lodgedverbUS /lɑːdʒd/

past form of “lodge” — be a lodger; stay temporarily

From this reading He had lodged with her for three successive years, and she knew and loved him.

lookingnounUS /ˈlʊkɪŋ/

the act of directing the eyes toward something and perceiving it visually

From this reading Ruth stood in the little bow-window, looking out.

lovedadjectiveUS /lʌvd/

held dear

From this reading He had lodged with her for three successive years, and she knew and loved him.

madeadjectiveUS /meɪd/

produced by a manufacturing process

From this reading Mr Benson, for that was the name of the hunchback, lay on the sofa, thinking; while the tender Mrs Hughes made every arrangement for his relief from pain.

manyadjectiveUS /ˈmeni/

a quantifier that can be used with count nouns and is often preceded by “as” or “too” or “so” or “that”; amounting to a large but indefinite number

From this reading The Storm-Spirit Subdued Mrs Hughes bustled about with many a sympathetic exclamation, now in pretty broken English, now in more fluent Welsh, which sounded as soft as Russian or Italian, in her musical voice.

moonnounUS /muːn/

the natural satellite of the Earth

From this reading Across the moon, and over the deep blue heavens, large, torn, irregular-shaped clouds went hurrying, as if summoned by some storm-spirit.

moreadjectiveUS /mɔːr/

(comparative of “much” used with mass nouns) a quantifier meaning greater in size or amount or extent or degree

From this reading The Storm-Spirit Subdued Mrs Hughes bustled about with many a sympathetic exclamation, now in pretty broken English, now in more fluent Welsh, which sounded as soft as Russian or Italian, in her musical voice.

MrnounUS /ˈmɪstər/

a form of address for a man

From this reading Mr Benson, for that was the name of the hunchback, lay on the sofa, thinking; while the tender Mrs Hughes made every arrangement for his relief from pain.

MrsnounUS /ˈmɪsɪz/

a form of address for a married woman

From this reading The Storm-Spirit Subdued Mrs Hughes bustled about with many a sympathetic exclamation, now in pretty broken English, now in more fluent Welsh, which sounded as soft as Russian or Italian, in her musical voice.

musicaladjectiveUS /ˈmjuːzɪkəl/

characterized by or capable of producing music

From this reading The Storm-Spirit Subdued Mrs Hughes bustled about with many a sympathetic exclamation, now in pretty broken English, now in more fluent Welsh, which sounded as soft as Russian or Italian, in her musical voice.

nameverbUS /neɪm/

assign a specified (usually proper) proper name to

From this reading Mr Benson, for that was the name of the hunchback, lay on the sofa, thinking; while the tender Mrs Hughes made every arrangement for his relief from pain.

nowadverbUS /naʊ/

in the historical present; at this point in the narration of a series of past events

From this reading The Storm-Spirit Subdued Mrs Hughes bustled about with many a sympathetic exclamation, now in pretty broken English, now in more fluent Welsh, which sounded as soft as Russian or Italian, in her musical voice.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading Mr Benson, for that was the name of the hunchback, lay on the sofa, thinking; while the tender Mrs Hughes made every arrangement for his relief from pain.

onprepositionUS /ɑːn/

touching and supported by a surface

From this reading Mr Benson, for that was the name of the hunchback, lay on the sofa, thinking; while the tender Mrs Hughes made every arrangement for his relief from pain.

orconjunctionUS /ɔːr/

used to join alternatives or possibilities

From this reading The Storm-Spirit Subdued Mrs Hughes bustled about with many a sympathetic exclamation, now in pretty broken English, now in more fluent Welsh, which sounded as soft as Russian or Italian, in her musical voice.

outadjectiveUS /aʊt/

not allowed to continue to bat or run

From this reading Ruth stood in the little bow-window, looking out.

overprepositionUS /ˈoʊvər/

above and across; more than

From this reading Across the moon, and over the deep blue heavens, large, torn, irregular-shaped clouds went hurrying, as if summoned by some storm-spirit.

painnounUS /peɪn/

a symptom of some physical hurt or disorder

From this reading Mr Benson, for that was the name of the hunchback, lay on the sofa, thinking; while the tender Mrs Hughes made every arrangement for his relief from pain.

prettyadjectiveUS /ˈprɪti/

pleasing by delicacy or grace; not imposing

From this reading The Storm-Spirit Subdued Mrs Hughes bustled about with many a sympathetic exclamation, now in pretty broken English, now in more fluent Welsh, which sounded as soft as Russian or Italian, in her musical voice.

reliefnounUS /rɪˈliːf/

the feeling that comes when something burdensome is removed or reduced

From this reading Mr Benson, for that was the name of the hunchback, lay on the sofa, thinking; while the tender Mrs Hughes made every arrangement for his relief from pain.

RussiannounUS /ˈrʌʃən/

a native or inhabitant of Russia

From this reading The Storm-Spirit Subdued Mrs Hughes bustled about with many a sympathetic exclamation, now in pretty broken English, now in more fluent Welsh, which sounded as soft as Russian or Italian, in her musical voice.

RuthnounUS /ruːθ/

United States professional baseball player famous for hitting home runs (1895-1948)

From this reading Ruth stood in the little bow-window, looking out.

shepronounUS /ʃiː/

a woman, girl, or female animal already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading He had lodged with her for three successive years, and she knew and loved him.

sofanounUS /ˈsoʊfə/

an upholstered seat for more than one person

From this reading Mr Benson, for that was the name of the hunchback, lay on the sofa, thinking; while the tender Mrs Hughes made every arrangement for his relief from pain.

softadjectiveUS /sɑːft/

yielding readily to pressure or weight

From this reading The Storm-Spirit Subdued Mrs Hughes bustled about with many a sympathetic exclamation, now in pretty broken English, now in more fluent Welsh, which sounded as soft as Russian or Italian, in her musical voice.

someadjectiveUS /sʌm/

(quantifier) used with either mass nouns or plural count nouns to indicate an unspecified number or quantity

From this reading Across the moon, and over the deep blue heavens, large, torn, irregular-shaped clouds went hurrying, as if summoned by some storm-spirit.

soundedverbUS /ˈsaʊndɪd/

past form of “sound” — appear in a certain way

From this reading The Storm-Spirit Subdued Mrs Hughes bustled about with many a sympathetic exclamation, now in pretty broken English, now in more fluent Welsh, which sounded as soft as Russian or Italian, in her musical voice.

stoodverbUS /stʊd/

Maintained an upright posture.

From this reading Ruth stood in the little bow-window, looking out.

Storm-Spirit

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The Storm-Spirit Subdued Mrs Hughes bustled about with many a sympathetic exclamation, now in pretty broken English, now in more fluent Welsh, which sounded as soft as Russian or Italian, in her musical voice.

SubduedadjectiveUS /səbˈduːd/

in a softened tone

From this reading The Storm-Spirit Subdued Mrs Hughes bustled about with many a sympathetic exclamation, now in pretty broken English, now in more fluent Welsh, which sounded as soft as Russian or Italian, in her musical voice.

successiveadjectiveUS /səkˈsesɪv/

in regular succession without gaps

From this reading He had lodged with her for three successive years, and she knew and loved him.

summonedverbUS /ˈsʌmənd/

past form of “summon” — call in an official matter, such as to attend court

From this reading Across the moon, and over the deep blue heavens, large, torn, irregular-shaped clouds went hurrying, as if summoned by some storm-spirit.

sympatheticadjectiveUS /ˌsɪmpəˈθetɪk/

of or relating to the sympathetic nervous system

From this reading The Storm-Spirit Subdued Mrs Hughes bustled about with many a sympathetic exclamation, now in pretty broken English, now in more fluent Welsh, which sounded as soft as Russian or Italian, in her musical voice.

tenderadjectiveUS /ˈtendər/

given to sympathy or gentleness or sentimentality

From this reading Mr Benson, for that was the name of the hunchback, lay on the sofa, thinking; while the tender Mrs Hughes made every arrangement for his relief from pain.

thatconjunctionUS /ðæt/

used to introduce what somebody said, thought, or felt

From this reading Mr Benson, for that was the name of the hunchback, lay on the sofa, thinking; while the tender Mrs Hughes made every arrangement for his relief from pain.

ThedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading The Storm-Spirit Subdued Mrs Hughes bustled about with many a sympathetic exclamation, now in pretty broken English, now in more fluent Welsh, which sounded as soft as Russian or Italian, in her musical voice.

thinkingnounUS /ˈθɪŋkɪŋ/

the process of using your mind to consider something carefully

From this reading Mr Benson, for that was the name of the hunchback, lay on the sofa, thinking; while the tender Mrs Hughes made every arrangement for his relief from pain.

threenounUS /θriː/

the cardinal number that is the sum of one and one and one

From this reading He had lodged with her for three successive years, and she knew and loved him.

tornadjectiveUS /tɔːrn/

having edges that are jagged from injury

From this reading Across the moon, and over the deep blue heavens, large, torn, irregular-shaped clouds went hurrying, as if summoned by some storm-spirit.

voicenounUS /vɔɪs/

the distinctive quality or pitch or condition of a person's speech

From this reading The Storm-Spirit Subdued Mrs Hughes bustled about with many a sympathetic exclamation, now in pretty broken English, now in more fluent Welsh, which sounded as soft as Russian or Italian, in her musical voice.

wasauxiliary verbUS /wɑːz/

the past form of “be” used with I, he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading Mr Benson, for that was the name of the hunchback, lay on the sofa, thinking; while the tender Mrs Hughes made every arrangement for his relief from pain.

WelshnounUS /weltʃ/

a native or resident of Wales

From this reading The Storm-Spirit Subdued Mrs Hughes bustled about with many a sympathetic exclamation, now in pretty broken English, now in more fluent Welsh, which sounded as soft as Russian or Italian, in her musical voice.

wentverbUS /went/

inflected form of “go” — change location; move, travel, or proceed, also metaphorically

From this reading Across the moon, and over the deep blue heavens, large, torn, irregular-shaped clouds went hurrying, as if summoned by some storm-spirit.

whichpronounUS /wɪtʃ/

used to introduce a clause giving more about a thing just mentioned

From this reading The Storm-Spirit Subdued Mrs Hughes bustled about with many a sympathetic exclamation, now in pretty broken English, now in more fluent Welsh, which sounded as soft as Russian or Italian, in her musical voice.

whileconjunctionUS /waɪl/

during the time that

From this reading Mr Benson, for that was the name of the hunchback, lay on the sofa, thinking; while the tender Mrs Hughes made every arrangement for his relief from pain.

withprepositionUS /wɪð/

in the company of; together with

From this reading The Storm-Spirit Subdued Mrs Hughes bustled about with many a sympathetic exclamation, now in pretty broken English, now in more fluent Welsh, which sounded as soft as Russian or Italian, in her musical voice.

yearsnounUS /jɪrz/

a late time of life

From this reading He had lodged with her for three successive years, and she knew and loved him.

Chapter 8 of Ruth by Elizabeth Cleghorn Gaskell holds 70 sentences, grouped into 14 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the public-domain source, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 8 of Ruth contain?

Chapter 8 holds 70 sentences of Ruth, unabridged, divided into 14 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 8 of Ruth by Elizabeth Cleghorn Gaskell exactly as it stands in the public-domain source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 70 sentences, grouped into 14 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 8 of Ruth?

Work through the 14 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 14 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 8 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 8 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading Ruth

Common questions about reading Ruth by Elizabeth Cleghorn Gaskell on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of Ruth?

Yes. All 7422 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #4275 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of Ruth is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #4275, a public-domain edition. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does Ruth take to read?

About 600 minutes of reading across 1485 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

How to read Ruth section by section

How to work through Ruth section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.

  1. Open a chapter

    Choose one of the 35 chapters of Ruth to begin.

  2. Read one section

    Each section holds 5 sentences; read it once through.

  3. Listen and tap

    Play the section aloud, then tap any unfamiliar word for its entry.

Vocabulary met early in Ruth

Words and structures a reader meets early in Ruth, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Evening
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Ruth; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Mason
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Ruth; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Collected
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Ruth; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Young
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Ruth; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.