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Ruth
Ruth

Chapter XX · Chapter 20

Chapter 20 of Ruth is here in full — 267 sentences across 54 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Cover illustration for Ruth
Context Illustration Reading 1/53 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
Mr Farquhar's Attentions Transferred The next morning, as Jemima and her mother sat at their work, it came into the head of the former to remember her father's very marked way of thanking Ruth the evening before.
"What a favourite Mrs Denbigh is with papa," said she.
"I am sure I don't wonder at it.
Did you notice, mamma, how he thanked her for coming here last night?"
"Yes, dear; but I don't think it was all--" Mrs Bradshaw stopped short.
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AI-generated narration by OpenAI · Slow US English
LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

Ruth

Chapter XX · Chapter 20

Chapter 20 of Ruth is here in full — 267 sentences across 54 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/53 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
Mr Farquhar's Attentions Transferred The next morning, as Jemima and her mother sat at their work, it came into the head of the former to remember her father's very marked way of thanking Ruth the evening before.
Line 2
"What a favourite Mrs Denbigh is with papa," said she.
Line 3
"I am sure I don't wonder at it.
Line 4
Did you notice, mamma, how he thanked her for coming here last night?"
Line 5
"Yes, dear; but I don't think it was all--" Mrs Bradshaw stopped short.

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

Attentions noun US /əˈtenʃənz/

plural of “attention” — the process whereby a person concentrates on some features of the environment to the (relative) exclusion of others

From this reading “Mr Farquhar's Attentions Transferred The next morning, as Jemima and her mother sat at their work, it came into the head of the former to remember her father's very marked way of thanking Ruth the evening before.”

favourite noun US /ˈfeɪvərɪt/

a competitor thought likely to win

From this reading “"What a favourite Mrs Denbigh is with papa," said she.”

mamma noun US /ˈmɑːmə/

informal terms for a mother

From this reading “Did you notice, mamma, how he thanked her for coming here last night?"”

papa noun US /ˈpɑːpʌ/

an informal term for a father; probably derived from baby talk

From this reading “"What a favourite Mrs Denbigh is with papa," said she.”

Ruth noun US /ruːθ/

United States professional baseball player famous for hitting home runs (1895-1948)

From this reading “Mr Farquhar's Attentions Transferred The next morning, as Jemima and her mother sat at their work, it came into the head of the former to remember her father's very marked way of thanking Ruth the evening before.”

thanked verb US /θæŋkt/

past form of “thank” — express gratitude or show appreciation to

From this reading “Did you notice, mamma, how he thanked her for coming here last night?"”

thanking verb US /ˈθæŋkɪŋ/

-ing form of “thank” — express gratitude or show appreciation to

From this reading “Mr Farquhar's Attentions Transferred The next morning, as Jemima and her mother sat at their work, it came into the head of the former to remember her father's very marked way of thanking Ruth the evening before.”

Transferred verb US /trænˈsfɜːrd/

inflected form of “transfer” — transfer somebody to a different position or location of work

From this reading “Mr Farquhar's Attentions Transferred The next morning, as Jemima and her mother sat at their work, it came into the head of the former to remember her father's very marked way of thanking Ruth the evening before.”

All words in this reading · 68

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading "What a favourite Mrs Denbigh is with papa," said she.

alladjectiveUS /ɔːl/

(quantifier) used with either mass or count nouns to indicate the whole number or amount of or every one of a class

From this reading "Yes, dear; but I don't think it was all--" Mrs Bradshaw stopped short.

amauxiliary verbUS /æm/

the form of “be” used with “I”

From this reading "I am sure I don't wonder at it.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading Mr Farquhar's Attentions Transferred The next morning, as Jemima and her mother sat at their work, it came into the head of the former to remember her father's very marked way of thanking Ruth the evening before.

asconjunctionUS /æz/

at the same time that; because; in the way that

From this reading Mr Farquhar's Attentions Transferred The next morning, as Jemima and her mother sat at their work, it came into the head of the former to remember her father's very marked way of thanking Ruth the evening before.

atprepositionUS /æt/

in or near a particular place or position

From this reading Mr Farquhar's Attentions Transferred The next morning, as Jemima and her mother sat at their work, it came into the head of the former to remember her father's very marked way of thanking Ruth the evening before.

AttentionsnounUS /əˈtenʃənz/

plural of “attention” — the process whereby a person concentrates on some features of the environment to the (relative) exclusion of others

From this reading Mr Farquhar's Attentions Transferred The next morning, as Jemima and her mother sat at their work, it came into the head of the former to remember her father's very marked way of thanking Ruth the evening before.

beforeprepositionUS /bɪˈfɔːr/

earlier than; in front of

From this reading Mr Farquhar's Attentions Transferred The next morning, as Jemima and her mother sat at their work, it came into the head of the former to remember her father's very marked way of thanking Ruth the evening before.

Bradshaw

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading "Yes, dear; but I don't think it was all--" Mrs Bradshaw stopped short.

butconjunctionUS /bʌt/

used to introduce something that contrasts with what came before

From this reading "Yes, dear; but I don't think it was all--" Mrs Bradshaw stopped short.

cameverbUS /keɪm/

inflected form of “come” — move toward, travel toward something or somebody or approach something or somebody

From this reading Mr Farquhar's Attentions Transferred The next morning, as Jemima and her mother sat at their work, it came into the head of the former to remember her father's very marked way of thanking Ruth the evening before.

comingnounUS /ˈkʌmɪŋ/

the act of drawing spatially closer to something

From this reading Did you notice, mamma, how he thanked her for coming here last night?"

dearadjectiveUS /dɪr/

dearly loved

From this reading "Yes, dear; but I don't think it was all--" Mrs Bradshaw stopped short.

Denbigh

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading "What a favourite Mrs Denbigh is with papa," said she.

Didauxiliary verbUS /dɪd/

the past form of “do”, used in questions and negatives

From this reading Did you notice, mamma, how he thanked her for coming here last night?"

don't

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading "I am sure I don't wonder at it.

eveningnounUS /ˈiːvnɪŋ/

the latter part of the day (the period of decreasing daylight from late afternoon until nightfall)

From this reading Mr Farquhar's Attentions Transferred The next morning, as Jemima and her mother sat at their work, it came into the head of the former to remember her father's very marked way of thanking Ruth the evening before.

Farquhar's

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Mr Farquhar's Attentions Transferred The next morning, as Jemima and her mother sat at their work, it came into the head of the former to remember her father's very marked way of thanking Ruth the evening before.

father'snounUS /ˈfɑːðərz/

possessive form of “father” — a male parent (also used as a term of address to your father)

From this reading Mr Farquhar's Attentions Transferred The next morning, as Jemima and her mother sat at their work, it came into the head of the former to remember her father's very marked way of thanking Ruth the evening before.

favouritenounUS /ˈfeɪvərɪt/

a competitor thought likely to win

From this reading "What a favourite Mrs Denbigh is with papa," said she.

forprepositionUS /fɔːr/

intended to be given to, or used by, somebody

From this reading Did you notice, mamma, how he thanked her for coming here last night?"

formeradjectiveUS /ˈfɔːrmər/

referring to the first of two things or persons mentioned (or the earlier one or ones of several)

From this reading Mr Farquhar's Attentions Transferred The next morning, as Jemima and her mother sat at their work, it came into the head of the former to remember her father's very marked way of thanking Ruth the evening before.

hepronounUS /hiː/

a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading Did you notice, mamma, how he thanked her for coming here last night?"

headnounUS /hed/

the upper part of the human body or the front part of the body in animals; contains the face and brains

From this reading Mr Farquhar's Attentions Transferred The next morning, as Jemima and her mother sat at their work, it came into the head of the former to remember her father's very marked way of thanking Ruth the evening before.

herdeterminerUS /hɜːr/

belonging to a woman, girl, or female animal already mentioned

From this reading Mr Farquhar's Attentions Transferred The next morning, as Jemima and her mother sat at their work, it came into the head of the former to remember her father's very marked way of thanking Ruth the evening before.

hereadverbUS /hiːr/

in or at this place; where the speaker or writer is

From this reading Did you notice, mamma, how he thanked her for coming here last night?"

how

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Did you notice, mamma, how he thanked her for coming here last night?"

IpronounUS /aɪ/

the person speaking or writing, as the subject of the verb

From this reading "I am sure I don't wonder at it.

intoprepositionUS /ˈɪntuː/

moving to the inside of something

From this reading Mr Farquhar's Attentions Transferred The next morning, as Jemima and her mother sat at their work, it came into the head of the former to remember her father's very marked way of thanking Ruth the evening before.

isauxiliary verbUS /ɪz/

the form of “be” used with he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading "What a favourite Mrs Denbigh is with papa," said she.

itpronounUS /ɪt/

a thing, animal, or idea already mentioned

From this reading Mr Farquhar's Attentions Transferred The next morning, as Jemima and her mother sat at their work, it came into the head of the former to remember her father's very marked way of thanking Ruth the evening before.

Jemima

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Mr Farquhar's Attentions Transferred The next morning, as Jemima and her mother sat at their work, it came into the head of the former to remember her father's very marked way of thanking Ruth the evening before.

lastadjectiveUS /læst/

immediately past

From this reading Did you notice, mamma, how he thanked her for coming here last night?"

mammanounUS /ˈmɑːmə/

informal terms for a mother

From this reading Did you notice, mamma, how he thanked her for coming here last night?"

markedadjectiveUS /mɑːrkt/

strongly marked; easily noticeable

From this reading Mr Farquhar's Attentions Transferred The next morning, as Jemima and her mother sat at their work, it came into the head of the former to remember her father's very marked way of thanking Ruth the evening before.

morningnounUS /ˈmɔːrnɪŋ/

the time period between dawn and noon

From this reading Mr Farquhar's Attentions Transferred The next morning, as Jemima and her mother sat at their work, it came into the head of the former to remember her father's very marked way of thanking Ruth the evening before.

mothernounUS /ˈmʌðər/

a woman who has given birth to a child (also used as a term of address to your mother)

From this reading Mr Farquhar's Attentions Transferred The next morning, as Jemima and her mother sat at their work, it came into the head of the former to remember her father's very marked way of thanking Ruth the evening before.

MrnounUS /ˈmɪstər/

a form of address for a man

From this reading Mr Farquhar's Attentions Transferred The next morning, as Jemima and her mother sat at their work, it came into the head of the former to remember her father's very marked way of thanking Ruth the evening before.

MrsnounUS /ˈmɪsɪz/

a form of address for a married woman

From this reading "What a favourite Mrs Denbigh is with papa," said she.

nextadjectiveUS /nekst/

immediately following in time or order

From this reading Mr Farquhar's Attentions Transferred The next morning, as Jemima and her mother sat at their work, it came into the head of the former to remember her father's very marked way of thanking Ruth the evening before.

nightnounUS /naɪt/

the time after sunset and before sunrise while it is dark outside

From this reading Did you notice, mamma, how he thanked her for coming here last night?"

noticenounUS /ˈnoʊtəs/

an announcement containing information about an event

From this reading Did you notice, mamma, how he thanked her for coming here last night?"

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading Mr Farquhar's Attentions Transferred The next morning, as Jemima and her mother sat at their work, it came into the head of the former to remember her father's very marked way of thanking Ruth the evening before.

papanounUS /ˈpɑːpʌ/

an informal term for a father; probably derived from baby talk

From this reading "What a favourite Mrs Denbigh is with papa," said she.

rememberverbUS /rɪˈmɛm.bər/

To recall to mind.

From this reading Mr Farquhar's Attentions Transferred The next morning, as Jemima and her mother sat at their work, it came into the head of the former to remember her father's very marked way of thanking Ruth the evening before.

RuthnounUS /ruːθ/

United States professional baseball player famous for hitting home runs (1895-1948)

From this reading Mr Farquhar's Attentions Transferred The next morning, as Jemima and her mother sat at their work, it came into the head of the former to remember her father's very marked way of thanking Ruth the evening before.

saidadjectiveUS /sed/

being the one previously mentioned or spoken of

From this reading "What a favourite Mrs Denbigh is with papa," said she.

satnounUS /sæt/

the seventh and last day of the week; observed as the Sabbath by Jews and some Christians

From this reading Mr Farquhar's Attentions Transferred The next morning, as Jemima and her mother sat at their work, it came into the head of the former to remember her father's very marked way of thanking Ruth the evening before.

shepronounUS /ʃiː/

a woman, girl, or female animal already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading "What a favourite Mrs Denbigh is with papa," said she.

shortadjectiveUS /ʃɔːrt/

primarily temporal sense; indicating or being or seeming to be limited in duration

From this reading "Yes, dear; but I don't think it was all--" Mrs Bradshaw stopped short.

stoppedadjectiveUS /stɑːpt/

(of a nose) blocked

From this reading "Yes, dear; but I don't think it was all--" Mrs Bradshaw stopped short.

sureadjectiveUS /ʃʊr/

having or feeling no doubt or uncertainty; confident and assured

From this reading "I am sure I don't wonder at it.

thankedverbUS /θæŋkt/

past form of “thank” — express gratitude or show appreciation to

From this reading Did you notice, mamma, how he thanked her for coming here last night?"

thankingverbUS /ˈθæŋkɪŋ/

-ing form of “thank” — express gratitude or show appreciation to

From this reading Mr Farquhar's Attentions Transferred The next morning, as Jemima and her mother sat at their work, it came into the head of the former to remember her father's very marked way of thanking Ruth the evening before.

ThedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading Mr Farquhar's Attentions Transferred The next morning, as Jemima and her mother sat at their work, it came into the head of the former to remember her father's very marked way of thanking Ruth the evening before.

theirdeterminerUS /ðer/

belonging to the people or things already mentioned

From this reading Mr Farquhar's Attentions Transferred The next morning, as Jemima and her mother sat at their work, it came into the head of the former to remember her father's very marked way of thanking Ruth the evening before.

thinkverbUS /θɪŋk/

judge or regard; look upon; judge

From this reading "Yes, dear; but I don't think it was all--" Mrs Bradshaw stopped short.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading Mr Farquhar's Attentions Transferred The next morning, as Jemima and her mother sat at their work, it came into the head of the former to remember her father's very marked way of thanking Ruth the evening before.

TransferredverbUS /trænˈsfɜːrd/

inflected form of “transfer” — transfer somebody to a different position or location of work

From this reading Mr Farquhar's Attentions Transferred The next morning, as Jemima and her mother sat at their work, it came into the head of the former to remember her father's very marked way of thanking Ruth the evening before.

veryadjectiveUS /ˈveri/

precisely as stated

From this reading Mr Farquhar's Attentions Transferred The next morning, as Jemima and her mother sat at their work, it came into the head of the former to remember her father's very marked way of thanking Ruth the evening before.

wasauxiliary verbUS /wɑːz/

the past form of “be” used with I, he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading "Yes, dear; but I don't think it was all--" Mrs Bradshaw stopped short.

waynounUS /weɪ/

how something is done or how it happens

From this reading Mr Farquhar's Attentions Transferred The next morning, as Jemima and her mother sat at their work, it came into the head of the former to remember her father's very marked way of thanking Ruth the evening before.

WhatpronounUS /wʌt/

used to ask for information about something

From this reading "What a favourite Mrs Denbigh is with papa," said she.

withprepositionUS /wɪð/

in the company of; together with

From this reading "What a favourite Mrs Denbigh is with papa," said she.

wondernounUS /ˈwʌndər/

the feeling aroused by something strange and surprising

From this reading "I am sure I don't wonder at it.

workverbUS /wɜːrk/

exert oneself by doing mental or physical work for a purpose or out of necessity

From this reading Mr Farquhar's Attentions Transferred The next morning, as Jemima and her mother sat at their work, it came into the head of the former to remember her father's very marked way of thanking Ruth the evening before.

YesnounUS /jes/

an affirmative

From this reading "Yes, dear; but I don't think it was all--" Mrs Bradshaw stopped short.

youpronounUS /juː/

the person or people being spoken to

From this reading Did you notice, mamma, how he thanked her for coming here last night?"

Chapter 20 of Ruth by Elizabeth Cleghorn Gaskell holds 267 sentences, grouped into 54 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the public-domain source, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 20 of Ruth contain?

Chapter 20 holds 267 sentences of Ruth, unabridged, divided into 54 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 20 of Ruth by Elizabeth Cleghorn Gaskell exactly as it stands in the public-domain source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 267 sentences, grouped into 54 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 20 of Ruth?

Work through the 54 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 54 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 20 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 20 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading Ruth

Common questions about reading Ruth by Elizabeth Cleghorn Gaskell on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of Ruth?

Yes. All 7422 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #4275 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of Ruth is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #4275, a public-domain edition. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does Ruth take to read?

About 600 minutes of reading across 1485 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

How to read Ruth section by section

How to work through Ruth section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.

  1. Open a chapter

    Choose one of the 35 chapters of Ruth to begin.

  2. Read one section

    Each section holds 5 sentences; read it once through.

  3. Listen and tap

    Play the section aloud, then tap any unfamiliar word for its entry.

Vocabulary met early in Ruth

Words and structures a reader meets early in Ruth, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Evening
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Ruth; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Mason
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Ruth; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Collected
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Ruth; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Young
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Ruth; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.