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Ruth Erskine's Son
Ruth Erskine's Son

Chapter VI

Chapter 6 of Ruth Erskine's Son is here in full — 102 sentences across 21 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

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Context Illustration Reading 1/20 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
IDEAL CONDITIONS ERSKINE BURNHAM'S lesson was short, but sharp, and he seemed to have learned it thoroughly.
He gave himself more persistently to study than before, and was even more devoted to his mother than ever, if that were possible.
He let the visiting sisters of freshmen and sophomores dignifiedly alone, and resisted without a sigh numerous attempts to draw him into local society circles.
"Haven't time for society just now," was his invariable excuse.
"Nor inclination," he would add privately for his mother's benefit.
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LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

Ruth Erskine's Son

Chapter VI

Chapter 6 of Ruth Erskine's Son is here in full — 102 sentences across 21 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/20 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
IDEAL CONDITIONS ERSKINE BURNHAM'S lesson was short, but sharp, and he seemed to have learned it thoroughly.
Line 2
He gave himself more persistently to study than before, and was even more devoted to his mother than ever, if that were possible.
/hiː ɡeɪv hɪmˈself mɔːr pərˈsɪstəntli tuː ˈstʌdi ðæn bɪˈfɔːr ənd wɑːz ˈiːvɪn mɔːr dɪˈvoʊtɪd tuː hɪz ˈmʌðər ðæn ˈevər ɪf ðæt wɜːr ˈpɑːsəbəl/
Line 3
He let the visiting sisters of freshmen and sophomores dignifiedly alone, and resisted without a sigh numerous attempts to draw him into local society circles.
Line 4
"Haven't time for society just now," was his invariable excuse.
Line 5
"Nor inclination," he would add privately for his mother's benefit.
/nɔːr ˌɪnkləˈneɪʃən hiː wʊd æd ˈpraɪvətli fɔːr hɪz ˈmʌðərz ˈbenəfɪt/

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

burnham's noun US /ˈbɜːrnəmz/

possessive form of “burnham” — United States architect who designed the first important skyscraper with a skeleton (1846-1912)

From this reading “IDEAL CONDITIONS ERSKINE BURNHAM'S lesson was short, but sharp, and he seemed to have learned it thoroughly.”

circles noun US /ˈsɜːrkəlz/

plural of “circle” — ellipse in which the two axes are of equal length; a plane curve generated by one point moving at a constant distance from a fixed point

From this reading “He let the visiting sisters of freshmen and sophomores dignifiedly alone, and resisted without a sigh numerous attempts to draw him into local society circles.”

freshmen noun US /ˈfreʃmɪn/

plural of “freshman” — a first-year undergraduate

From this reading “He let the visiting sisters of freshmen and sophomores dignifiedly alone, and resisted without a sigh numerous attempts to draw him into local society circles.”

invariable adjective US /ˌɪnˈveriəbəl/

not liable to or capable of change

From this reading “"Haven't time for society just now," was his invariable excuse.”

persistently adverb US /pərˈsɪstəntli/

in a persistent manner

From this reading “He gave himself more persistently to study than before, and was even more devoted to his mother than ever, if that were possible.”

privately adverb US /ˈpraɪvətli/

kept private or confined to those intimately concerned

From this reading “"Nor inclination," he would add privately for his mother's benefit.”

resisted verb US /rɪˈzɪstɪd/

past form of “resist” — elude, especially in a baffling way

From this reading “He let the visiting sisters of freshmen and sophomores dignifiedly alone, and resisted without a sigh numerous attempts to draw him into local society circles.”

sophomores noun US /ˈsɑːfmɔːrz/

plural of “sophomore” — a second-year undergraduate

From this reading “He let the visiting sisters of freshmen and sophomores dignifiedly alone, and resisted without a sigh numerous attempts to draw him into local society circles.”

All words in this reading · 68

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading He let the visiting sisters of freshmen and sophomores dignifiedly alone, and resisted without a sigh numerous attempts to draw him into local society circles.

addverbUS /æd/

make an addition (to); join or combine or unite with others; increase the quality, quantity, size or scope of

From this reading "Nor inclination," he would add privately for his mother's benefit.

aloneadjectiveUS /əˈloʊn/

Having no one else present.

From this reading He let the visiting sisters of freshmen and sophomores dignifiedly alone, and resisted without a sigh numerous attempts to draw him into local society circles.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading IDEAL CONDITIONS ERSKINE BURNHAM'S lesson was short, but sharp, and he seemed to have learned it thoroughly.

attemptsnounUS /əˈtempts/

plural of “attempt” — earnest and conscientious activity intended to do or accomplish something

From this reading He let the visiting sisters of freshmen and sophomores dignifiedly alone, and resisted without a sigh numerous attempts to draw him into local society circles.

beforeprepositionUS /bɪˈfɔːr/

earlier than; in front of

From this reading He gave himself more persistently to study than before, and was even more devoted to his mother than ever, if that were possible.

benefitnounUS /ˈbenəfɪt/

financial assistance in time of need

From this reading "Nor inclination," he would add privately for his mother's benefit.

BURNHAM'SnounUS /ˈbɜːrnəmz/

possessive form of “burnham” — United States architect who designed the first important skyscraper with a skeleton (1846-1912)

From this reading IDEAL CONDITIONS ERSKINE BURNHAM'S lesson was short, but sharp, and he seemed to have learned it thoroughly.

butconjunctionUS /bʌt/

used to introduce something that contrasts with what came before

From this reading IDEAL CONDITIONS ERSKINE BURNHAM'S lesson was short, but sharp, and he seemed to have learned it thoroughly.

circlesnounUS /ˈsɜːrkəlz/

plural of “circle” — ellipse in which the two axes are of equal length; a plane curve generated by one point moving at a constant distance from a fixed point

From this reading He let the visiting sisters of freshmen and sophomores dignifiedly alone, and resisted without a sigh numerous attempts to draw him into local society circles.

CONDITIONSnounUS /kənˈdɪʃənz/

the prevailing context that influences the performance or the outcome of a process

From this reading IDEAL CONDITIONS ERSKINE BURNHAM'S lesson was short, but sharp, and he seemed to have learned it thoroughly.

devotedadjectiveUS /dɪˈvoʊtɪd/

zealous in devotion or affection

From this reading He gave himself more persistently to study than before, and was even more devoted to his mother than ever, if that were possible.

dignifiedly

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading He let the visiting sisters of freshmen and sophomores dignifiedly alone, and resisted without a sigh numerous attempts to draw him into local society circles.

drawverbUS /drɔː/

cause to move by pulling

From this reading He let the visiting sisters of freshmen and sophomores dignifiedly alone, and resisted without a sigh numerous attempts to draw him into local society circles.

ERSKINE

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading IDEAL CONDITIONS ERSKINE BURNHAM'S lesson was short, but sharp, and he seemed to have learned it thoroughly.

evenadjectiveUS /ˈiːvɪn/

divisible by two

From this reading He gave himself more persistently to study than before, and was even more devoted to his mother than ever, if that were possible.

everadverbUS /ˈevər/

at any time

From this reading He gave himself more persistently to study than before, and was even more devoted to his mother than ever, if that were possible.

excuseverbUS /ɪksˈkjuːs/

accept an excuse for

From this reading "Haven't time for society just now," was his invariable excuse.

forprepositionUS /fɔːr/

intended to be given to, or used by, somebody

From this reading "Haven't time for society just now," was his invariable excuse.

freshmennounUS /ˈfreʃmɪn/

plural of “freshman” — a first-year undergraduate

From this reading He let the visiting sisters of freshmen and sophomores dignifiedly alone, and resisted without a sigh numerous attempts to draw him into local society circles.

gaveverbUS /ɡeɪv/

inflected form of “give” — cause to have, in the abstract sense or physical sense

From this reading He gave himself more persistently to study than before, and was even more devoted to his mother than ever, if that were possible.

haveauxiliary verbUS /hæv/

used with a past participle to form the perfect tenses

From this reading IDEAL CONDITIONS ERSKINE BURNHAM'S lesson was short, but sharp, and he seemed to have learned it thoroughly.

Haven't

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading "Haven't time for society just now," was his invariable excuse.

hepronounUS /hiː/

a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading IDEAL CONDITIONS ERSKINE BURNHAM'S lesson was short, but sharp, and he seemed to have learned it thoroughly.

himpronounUS /hɪm/

the male already mentioned, as the object of a verb or preposition

From this reading He let the visiting sisters of freshmen and sophomores dignifiedly alone, and resisted without a sigh numerous attempts to draw him into local society circles.

himselfpronounUS /hɪmˈself/

used when the man or boy doing the action is also its object

From this reading He gave himself more persistently to study than before, and was even more devoted to his mother than ever, if that were possible.

hisdeterminerUS /hɪz/

belonging to a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned

From this reading He gave himself more persistently to study than before, and was even more devoted to his mother than ever, if that were possible.

IDEALadjectiveUS /aɪˈdiːl/

conforming to an ultimate standard of perfection or excellence; embodying an ideal

From this reading IDEAL CONDITIONS ERSKINE BURNHAM'S lesson was short, but sharp, and he seemed to have learned it thoroughly.

ifconjunctionUS /ɪf/

on condition that; in the event that

From this reading He gave himself more persistently to study than before, and was even more devoted to his mother than ever, if that were possible.

inclinationnounUS /ˌɪnkləˈneɪʃən/

an attitude of mind especially one that favors one alternative over others

From this reading "Nor inclination," he would add privately for his mother's benefit.

intoprepositionUS /ˈɪntuː/

moving to the inside of something

From this reading He let the visiting sisters of freshmen and sophomores dignifiedly alone, and resisted without a sigh numerous attempts to draw him into local society circles.

invariableadjectiveUS /ˌɪnˈveriəbəl/

not liable to or capable of change

From this reading "Haven't time for society just now," was his invariable excuse.

itpronounUS /ɪt/

a thing, animal, or idea already mentioned

From this reading IDEAL CONDITIONS ERSKINE BURNHAM'S lesson was short, but sharp, and he seemed to have learned it thoroughly.

justadverbUS /dʒʌst/

and nothing more

From this reading "Haven't time for society just now," was his invariable excuse.

learnedadjectiveUS /lɜːrnd/

having or showing profound knowledge

From this reading IDEAL CONDITIONS ERSKINE BURNHAM'S lesson was short, but sharp, and he seemed to have learned it thoroughly.

lessonnounUS /ˈlesən/

a unit of instruction

From this reading IDEAL CONDITIONS ERSKINE BURNHAM'S lesson was short, but sharp, and he seemed to have learned it thoroughly.

letauxiliary verbUS /let/

used to make a suggestion or a command including the speaker

From this reading He let the visiting sisters of freshmen and sophomores dignifiedly alone, and resisted without a sigh numerous attempts to draw him into local society circles.

localadjectiveUS /ˈloʊkəl/

relating to or applicable to or concerned with the administration of a city or town or district rather than a larger area

From this reading He let the visiting sisters of freshmen and sophomores dignifiedly alone, and resisted without a sigh numerous attempts to draw him into local society circles.

moreadjectiveUS /mɔːr/

(comparative of “much” used with mass nouns) a quantifier meaning greater in size or amount or extent or degree

From this reading He gave himself more persistently to study than before, and was even more devoted to his mother than ever, if that were possible.

mothernounUS /ˈmʌðər/

a woman who has given birth to a child (also used as a term of address to your mother)

From this reading He gave himself more persistently to study than before, and was even more devoted to his mother than ever, if that were possible.

mother'snounUS /ˈmʌðərz/

possessive form of “mother” — a woman who has given birth to a child (also used as a term of address to your mother)

From this reading "Nor inclination," he would add privately for his mother's benefit.

NorconjunctionUS /nɔːr/

and not; used after a negative to add a second negative

From this reading "Nor inclination," he would add privately for his mother's benefit.

nowadverbUS /naʊ/

in the historical present; at this point in the narration of a series of past events

From this reading "Haven't time for society just now," was his invariable excuse.

numerousadjectiveUS /ˈnuːmərəs/

amounting to a large indefinite number

From this reading He let the visiting sisters of freshmen and sophomores dignifiedly alone, and resisted without a sigh numerous attempts to draw him into local society circles.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading He let the visiting sisters of freshmen and sophomores dignifiedly alone, and resisted without a sigh numerous attempts to draw him into local society circles.

persistentlyadverbUS /pərˈsɪstəntli/

in a persistent manner

From this reading He gave himself more persistently to study than before, and was even more devoted to his mother than ever, if that were possible.

possibleadjectiveUS /ˈpɑːsəbəl/

capable of happening or existing

From this reading He gave himself more persistently to study than before, and was even more devoted to his mother than ever, if that were possible.

privatelyadverbUS /ˈpraɪvətli/

kept private or confined to those intimately concerned

From this reading "Nor inclination," he would add privately for his mother's benefit.

resistedverbUS /rɪˈzɪstɪd/

past form of “resist” — elude, especially in a baffling way

From this reading He let the visiting sisters of freshmen and sophomores dignifiedly alone, and resisted without a sigh numerous attempts to draw him into local society circles.

seemedverbUS /siːmd/

past form of “seem” — give a certain impression or have a certain outward aspect

From this reading IDEAL CONDITIONS ERSKINE BURNHAM'S lesson was short, but sharp, and he seemed to have learned it thoroughly.

sharpadjectiveUS /ʃɑːrp/

(of something seen or heard) clearly defined

From this reading IDEAL CONDITIONS ERSKINE BURNHAM'S lesson was short, but sharp, and he seemed to have learned it thoroughly.

shortadjectiveUS /ʃɔːrt/

primarily temporal sense; indicating or being or seeming to be limited in duration

From this reading IDEAL CONDITIONS ERSKINE BURNHAM'S lesson was short, but sharp, and he seemed to have learned it thoroughly.

sighverbUS /saɪ/

heave or utter a sigh; breathe deeply and heavily

From this reading He let the visiting sisters of freshmen and sophomores dignifiedly alone, and resisted without a sigh numerous attempts to draw him into local society circles.

sistersnounUS /ˈsɪstərz/

plural of “sister” — a female person who has the same parents as another person

From this reading He let the visiting sisters of freshmen and sophomores dignifiedly alone, and resisted without a sigh numerous attempts to draw him into local society circles.

societynounUS /səˈsaɪəti/

an extended social group having a distinctive cultural and economic organization

From this reading He let the visiting sisters of freshmen and sophomores dignifiedly alone, and resisted without a sigh numerous attempts to draw him into local society circles.

sophomoresnounUS /ˈsɑːfmɔːrz/

plural of “sophomore” — a second-year undergraduate

From this reading He let the visiting sisters of freshmen and sophomores dignifiedly alone, and resisted without a sigh numerous attempts to draw him into local society circles.

studynounUS /ˈstʌdi/

a detailed critical inspection

From this reading He gave himself more persistently to study than before, and was even more devoted to his mother than ever, if that were possible.

thanconjunctionUS /ðæn/

used to introduce the second part of a comparison

From this reading He gave himself more persistently to study than before, and was even more devoted to his mother than ever, if that were possible.

thatconjunctionUS /ðæt/

used to introduce what somebody said, thought, or felt

From this reading He gave himself more persistently to study than before, and was even more devoted to his mother than ever, if that were possible.

thedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading He let the visiting sisters of freshmen and sophomores dignifiedly alone, and resisted without a sigh numerous attempts to draw him into local society circles.

thoroughlyadverbUS /ˈθɜːroʊli/

in an exhaustive manner

From this reading IDEAL CONDITIONS ERSKINE BURNHAM'S lesson was short, but sharp, and he seemed to have learned it thoroughly.

timenounUS /taɪm/

an instance or single occasion for some event

From this reading "Haven't time for society just now," was his invariable excuse.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading IDEAL CONDITIONS ERSKINE BURNHAM'S lesson was short, but sharp, and he seemed to have learned it thoroughly.

visitingnounUS /ˈvɪzɪtɪŋ/

the activity of making visits

From this reading He let the visiting sisters of freshmen and sophomores dignifiedly alone, and resisted without a sigh numerous attempts to draw him into local society circles.

wasauxiliary verbUS /wɑːz/

the past form of “be” used with I, he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading IDEAL CONDITIONS ERSKINE BURNHAM'S lesson was short, but sharp, and he seemed to have learned it thoroughly.

wereauxiliary verbUS /wɜːr/

the past form of “be” used with you, we, they, or a plural noun

From this reading He gave himself more persistently to study than before, and was even more devoted to his mother than ever, if that were possible.

withoutprepositionUS /wɪˈθaʊt/

not having, not using, or not accompanied by

From this reading He let the visiting sisters of freshmen and sophomores dignifiedly alone, and resisted without a sigh numerous attempts to draw him into local society circles.

wouldmodal verbUS /wʊd/

used for something imagined, polite, or habitual in the past

From this reading "Nor inclination," he would add privately for his mother's benefit.

Chapter 6 of Ruth Erskine's Son by Pansy holds 102 sentences, grouped into 21 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 6 of Ruth Erskine's Son contain?

Chapter 6 holds 102 sentences of Ruth Erskine's Son, unabridged, divided into 21 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 6 of Ruth Erskine's Son by Pansy exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 102 sentences, grouped into 21 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 6 of Ruth Erskine's Son?

Work through the 21 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 21 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 6 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 6 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading Ruth Erskine's Son

Common questions about reading Ruth Erskine's Son by Pansy on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of Ruth Erskine's Son?

Yes. All 4075 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #43785 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of Ruth Erskine's Son is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #43785, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does Ruth Erskine's Son take to read?

About 339 minutes of reading across 815 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

How to read Ruth Erskine's Son section by section

How to work through Ruth Erskine's Son section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.

  1. Open a chapter

    Choose one of the 30 chapters of Ruth Erskine's Son to begin.

  2. Read one section

    Each section holds 5 sentences; read it once through.

  3. Listen and tap

    Play the section aloud, then tap any unfamiliar word for its entry.

Vocabulary met early in Ruth Erskine's Son

Words and structures a reader meets early in Ruth Erskine's Son, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Author
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Ruth Erskine's Son; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Erskine's
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Ruth Erskine's Son; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Crosses
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Ruth Erskine's Son; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Ester
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Ruth Erskine's Son; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.