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Ruth Fielding on the St. Lawrence
Ruth Fielding on the St. Lawrence

Chapter XXI · Chapter 21

Chapter 21 of Ruth Fielding on the St. Lawrence is here in full — 101 sentences across 21 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

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IN THE CHINESE DEN It was several minutes before Ruth could accustom her sight to the uncertain, flickering flame of the torches with which the cavern was illuminated.
There was, too, a small fire on a stone hearth and above it a stone and cement chimney that portrayed ingenuity in its building.
The cavern was a natural one, but man had made of it a not impossible habitation.
She felt rugs under her feet as she was drawn along by the King of the Pipes, and when her eyes became accustomed to the half-gloom of the place she saw that there were several low tables and a couch or two, the latter likewise covered with rugs.
Not only had some ingenuity been expended in fitting up the cave, but the furnishings must have occasioned the expenditure of considerable money.
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LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

Ruth Fielding on the St. Lawrence

Chapter XXI · Chapter 21

Chapter 21 of Ruth Fielding on the St. Lawrence is here in full — 101 sentences across 21 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/20 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
IN THE CHINESE DEN It was several minutes before Ruth could accustom her sight to the uncertain, flickering flame of the torches with which the cavern was illuminated.
/ɪn ðə tʃaɪˈniːz den ɪt wɑːz ˈsevrəl ˈmɪnəts bɪˈfɔːr ruːθ kʊd əˈkʌstəm hɜːr saɪt tuː ðə ənˈsɜːrtən ˈflɪkərɪŋ fleɪm ʌv ðə ˈtɔːrtʃɪz wɪð wɪtʃ ðə ˈkæv.ərn wɑːz ˌɪˈluːməneɪtəd/
Line 2
There was, too, a small fire on a stone hearth and above it a stone and cement chimney that portrayed ingenuity in its building.
/ðer wɑːz tuː ə smɔːl ˈfaɪər ɑːn ə stoʊn hɑːrθ ənd əˈbʌv ɪt ə stoʊn ənd səˈment ˈtʃɪmni ðæt pɔːrˈtreɪd ˌɪndʒəˈnuːətiː ɪn ɪts ˈbɪldɪŋ/
Line 3
The cavern was a natural one, but man had made of it a not impossible habitation.
/ðə ˈkæv.ərn wɑːz ə ˈnætʃərəl wʌn bʌt mæn hæd meɪd ʌv ɪt ə nɑːt ˌɪmˈpɑːsəbəl ˌhæbəˈteɪʃən/
Line 4
She felt rugs under her feet as she was drawn along by the King of the Pipes, and when her eyes became accustomed to the half-gloom of the place she saw that there were several low tables and a couch or two, the latter likewise covered with rugs.
Line 5
Not only had some ingenuity been expended in fitting up the cave, but the furnishings must have occasioned the expenditure of considerable money.
/nɑːt ˈoʊnli hæd sʌm ˌɪndʒəˈnuːətiː bɪn ɪkˈspendɪd ɪn ˈfɪtɪŋ ʌp ðə keɪv bʌt ðə ˈfɜːrnɪʃɪŋz mʌst hæv əˈkeɪʒənd ðə ɪkˈspendətʃər ʌv kənˈsɪdərəbəl ˈmʌni/

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

accustom verb US /əˈkʌstəm/

make psychologically or physically used (to something)

From this reading “IN THE CHINESE DEN It was several minutes before Ruth could accustom her sight to the uncertain, flickering flame of the torches with which the cavern was illuminated.”

cement noun US /səˈment/

concrete pavement is sometimes referred to as cement

From this reading “There was, too, a small fire on a stone hearth and above it a stone and cement chimney that portrayed ingenuity in its building.”

expended verb US /ɪkˈspendɪd/

past form of “expend” — use up, consume fully

From this reading “Not only had some ingenuity been expended in fitting up the cave, but the furnishings must have occasioned the expenditure of considerable money.”

expenditure noun US /ɪkˈspendətʃər/

money paid out; an amount spent

From this reading “Not only had some ingenuity been expended in fitting up the cave, but the furnishings must have occasioned the expenditure of considerable money.”

flickering adjective US /ˈflɪkərɪŋ/

shining unsteadily

From this reading “IN THE CHINESE DEN It was several minutes before Ruth could accustom her sight to the uncertain, flickering flame of the torches with which the cavern was illuminated.”

furnishings noun US /ˈfɜːrnɪʃɪŋz/

plural of “furnishing” — (usually plural) accessory wearing apparel

From this reading “Not only had some ingenuity been expended in fitting up the cave, but the furnishings must have occasioned the expenditure of considerable money.”

portrayed adjective US /pɔːrˈtreɪd/

represented graphically by sketch or design or lines

From this reading “There was, too, a small fire on a stone hearth and above it a stone and cement chimney that portrayed ingenuity in its building.”

rugs noun US /rʌɡz/

plural of “rug” — floor covering consisting of a piece of thick heavy fabric (usually with nap or pile)

From this reading “She felt rugs under her feet as she was drawn along by the King of the Pipes, and when her eyes became accustomed to the half-gloom of the place she saw that there were several low tables and a couch or two, the latter likewise covered with rugs.”

All words in this reading · 91

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading There was, too, a small fire on a stone hearth and above it a stone and cement chimney that portrayed ingenuity in its building.

aboveprepositionUS /əˈbʌv/

higher than, or over, something

From this reading There was, too, a small fire on a stone hearth and above it a stone and cement chimney that portrayed ingenuity in its building.

accustomverbUS /əˈkʌstəm/

make psychologically or physically used (to something)

From this reading IN THE CHINESE DEN It was several minutes before Ruth could accustom her sight to the uncertain, flickering flame of the torches with which the cavern was illuminated.

accustomedadjectiveUS /əˈkʌstəmd/

commonly used or practiced; usual

From this reading She felt rugs under her feet as she was drawn along by the King of the Pipes, and when her eyes became accustomed to the half-gloom of the place she saw that there were several low tables and a couch or two, the latter likewise covered with rugs.

alongprepositionUS /əˈlɔːŋ/

following the length of something from one end toward the other

From this reading She felt rugs under her feet as she was drawn along by the King of the Pipes, and when her eyes became accustomed to the half-gloom of the place she saw that there were several low tables and a couch or two, the latter likewise covered with rugs.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading There was, too, a small fire on a stone hearth and above it a stone and cement chimney that portrayed ingenuity in its building.

asconjunctionUS /æz/

at the same time that; because; in the way that

From this reading She felt rugs under her feet as she was drawn along by the King of the Pipes, and when her eyes became accustomed to the half-gloom of the place she saw that there were several low tables and a couch or two, the latter likewise covered with rugs.

becameverbUS /bɪˈkeɪm/

inflected form of “become” — enter or assume a certain state or condition

From this reading She felt rugs under her feet as she was drawn along by the King of the Pipes, and when her eyes became accustomed to the half-gloom of the place she saw that there were several low tables and a couch or two, the latter likewise covered with rugs.

beenauxiliary verbUS /bɪn/

the past participle of “be”

From this reading Not only had some ingenuity been expended in fitting up the cave, but the furnishings must have occasioned the expenditure of considerable money.

beforeprepositionUS /bɪˈfɔːr/

earlier than; in front of

From this reading IN THE CHINESE DEN It was several minutes before Ruth could accustom her sight to the uncertain, flickering flame of the torches with which the cavern was illuminated.

buildingnounUS /ˈbɪldɪŋ/

a structure that has a roof and walls and stands more or less permanently in one place

From this reading There was, too, a small fire on a stone hearth and above it a stone and cement chimney that portrayed ingenuity in its building.

butconjunctionUS /bʌt/

used to introduce something that contrasts with what came before

From this reading The cavern was a natural one, but man had made of it a not impossible habitation.

byprepositionUS /baɪ/

showing who or what does the action

From this reading She felt rugs under her feet as she was drawn along by the King of the Pipes, and when her eyes became accustomed to the half-gloom of the place she saw that there were several low tables and a couch or two, the latter likewise covered with rugs.

cavenounUS /keɪv/

a geological formation consisting of an underground enclosure with access from the surface of the ground or from the sea

From this reading Not only had some ingenuity been expended in fitting up the cave, but the furnishings must have occasioned the expenditure of considerable money.

cavernnounUS /ˈkæv.ərn/

A large, vast underground cave, often filled with forgotten ancient treasures.

From this reading IN THE CHINESE DEN It was several minutes before Ruth could accustom her sight to the uncertain, flickering flame of the torches with which the cavern was illuminated.

cementnounUS /səˈment/

concrete pavement is sometimes referred to as cement

From this reading There was, too, a small fire on a stone hearth and above it a stone and cement chimney that portrayed ingenuity in its building.

chimneynounUS /ˈtʃɪmni/

a vertical flue that provides a path through which smoke from a fire is carried away through the wall or roof of a building

From this reading There was, too, a small fire on a stone hearth and above it a stone and cement chimney that portrayed ingenuity in its building.

CHINESEnounUS /tʃaɪˈniːz/

any of the Sino-Tibetan languages spoken in China; regarded as dialects of a single language (even though they are mutually unintelligible) because they share an ideographic writing system

From this reading IN THE CHINESE DEN It was several minutes before Ruth could accustom her sight to the uncertain, flickering flame of the torches with which the cavern was illuminated.

considerableadjectiveUS /kənˈsɪdərəbəl/

large or relatively large in number or amount or extent or degree

From this reading Not only had some ingenuity been expended in fitting up the cave, but the furnishings must have occasioned the expenditure of considerable money.

couchnounUS /kaʊtʃ/

an upholstered seat for more than one person

From this reading She felt rugs under her feet as she was drawn along by the King of the Pipes, and when her eyes became accustomed to the half-gloom of the place she saw that there were several low tables and a couch or two, the latter likewise covered with rugs.

couldmodal verbUS /kʊd/

the past of “can”; used for possibility or polite requests

From this reading IN THE CHINESE DEN It was several minutes before Ruth could accustom her sight to the uncertain, flickering flame of the torches with which the cavern was illuminated.

coveredadjectiveUS /ˈkʌvərd/

overlaid or spread or topped with or enclosed within something; sometimes used as a combining form

From this reading She felt rugs under her feet as she was drawn along by the King of the Pipes, and when her eyes became accustomed to the half-gloom of the place she saw that there were several low tables and a couch or two, the latter likewise covered with rugs.

DENnounUS /den/

the habitation of wild animals

From this reading IN THE CHINESE DEN It was several minutes before Ruth could accustom her sight to the uncertain, flickering flame of the torches with which the cavern was illuminated.

drawnadjectiveUS /drɔːn/

showing the wearing effects of overwork or care or suffering

From this reading She felt rugs under her feet as she was drawn along by the King of the Pipes, and when her eyes became accustomed to the half-gloom of the place she saw that there were several low tables and a couch or two, the latter likewise covered with rugs.

expendedverbUS /ɪkˈspendɪd/

past form of “expend” — use up, consume fully

From this reading Not only had some ingenuity been expended in fitting up the cave, but the furnishings must have occasioned the expenditure of considerable money.

expenditurenounUS /ɪkˈspendətʃər/

money paid out; an amount spent

From this reading Not only had some ingenuity been expended in fitting up the cave, but the furnishings must have occasioned the expenditure of considerable money.

eyesnounUS /aɪz/

opinion or judgment

From this reading She felt rugs under her feet as she was drawn along by the King of the Pipes, and when her eyes became accustomed to the half-gloom of the place she saw that there were several low tables and a couch or two, the latter likewise covered with rugs.

feetnounUS /fiːt/

plural of “foot” — the part of the leg of a human being below the ankle joint

From this reading She felt rugs under her feet as she was drawn along by the King of the Pipes, and when her eyes became accustomed to the half-gloom of the place she saw that there were several low tables and a couch or two, the latter likewise covered with rugs.

feltverbUS /felt/

mat together and make felt-like

From this reading She felt rugs under her feet as she was drawn along by the King of the Pipes, and when her eyes became accustomed to the half-gloom of the place she saw that there were several low tables and a couch or two, the latter likewise covered with rugs.

fireverbUS /ˈfaɪər/

start firing a weapon

From this reading There was, too, a small fire on a stone hearth and above it a stone and cement chimney that portrayed ingenuity in its building.

fittingadjectiveUS /ˈfɪtɪŋ/

in harmony with the spirit of particular persons or occasion

From this reading Not only had some ingenuity been expended in fitting up the cave, but the furnishings must have occasioned the expenditure of considerable money.

flamenounUS /fleɪm/

A hot glowing body of ignited gas produced by fire.

From this reading IN THE CHINESE DEN It was several minutes before Ruth could accustom her sight to the uncertain, flickering flame of the torches with which the cavern was illuminated.

flickeringadjectiveUS /ˈflɪkərɪŋ/

shining unsteadily

From this reading IN THE CHINESE DEN It was several minutes before Ruth could accustom her sight to the uncertain, flickering flame of the torches with which the cavern was illuminated.

furnishingsnounUS /ˈfɜːrnɪʃɪŋz/

plural of “furnishing” — (usually plural) accessory wearing apparel

From this reading Not only had some ingenuity been expended in fitting up the cave, but the furnishings must have occasioned the expenditure of considerable money.

habitationnounUS /ˌhæbəˈteɪʃən/

the native habitat or home of an animal or plant

From this reading The cavern was a natural one, but man had made of it a not impossible habitation.

hadauxiliary verbUS /hæd/

the past form of “have”, used to form the past perfect

From this reading The cavern was a natural one, but man had made of it a not impossible habitation.

half-gloom

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading She felt rugs under her feet as she was drawn along by the King of the Pipes, and when her eyes became accustomed to the half-gloom of the place she saw that there were several low tables and a couch or two, the latter likewise covered with rugs.

haveauxiliary verbUS /hæv/

used with a past participle to form the perfect tenses

From this reading Not only had some ingenuity been expended in fitting up the cave, but the furnishings must have occasioned the expenditure of considerable money.

hearthnounUS /hɑːrθ/

an open recess in a wall at the base of a chimney where a fire can be built

From this reading There was, too, a small fire on a stone hearth and above it a stone and cement chimney that portrayed ingenuity in its building.

herdeterminerUS /hɜːr/

belonging to a woman, girl, or female animal already mentioned

From this reading IN THE CHINESE DEN It was several minutes before Ruth could accustom her sight to the uncertain, flickering flame of the torches with which the cavern was illuminated.

illuminatedadjectiveUS /ˌɪˈluːməneɪtəd/

provided with artificial light

From this reading IN THE CHINESE DEN It was several minutes before Ruth could accustom her sight to the uncertain, flickering flame of the torches with which the cavern was illuminated.

impossibleadjectiveUS /ˌɪmˈpɑːsəbəl/

not capable of occurring or being accomplished or dealt with

From this reading The cavern was a natural one, but man had made of it a not impossible habitation.

INprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading IN THE CHINESE DEN It was several minutes before Ruth could accustom her sight to the uncertain, flickering flame of the torches with which the cavern was illuminated.

ingenuitynounUS /ˌɪndʒəˈnuːətiː/

the power of creative imagination

From this reading There was, too, a small fire on a stone hearth and above it a stone and cement chimney that portrayed ingenuity in its building.

ItpronounUS /ɪt/

a thing, animal, or idea already mentioned

From this reading IN THE CHINESE DEN It was several minutes before Ruth could accustom her sight to the uncertain, flickering flame of the torches with which the cavern was illuminated.

itsdeterminerUS /ɪts/

belonging to the thing or animal already mentioned

From this reading There was, too, a small fire on a stone hearth and above it a stone and cement chimney that portrayed ingenuity in its building.

KingnounUS /kɪŋ/

a male sovereign; ruler of a kingdom

From this reading She felt rugs under her feet as she was drawn along by the King of the Pipes, and when her eyes became accustomed to the half-gloom of the place she saw that there were several low tables and a couch or two, the latter likewise covered with rugs.

latteradjectiveUS /ˈlætər/

referring to the second of two things or persons mentioned (or the last one or ones of several)

From this reading She felt rugs under her feet as she was drawn along by the King of the Pipes, and when her eyes became accustomed to the half-gloom of the place she saw that there were several low tables and a couch or two, the latter likewise covered with rugs.

likewiseadverbUS /ˈlaɪkwaɪz/

in like or similar manner

From this reading She felt rugs under her feet as she was drawn along by the King of the Pipes, and when her eyes became accustomed to the half-gloom of the place she saw that there were several low tables and a couch or two, the latter likewise covered with rugs.

lowadjectiveUS /loʊ/

less than normal in degree or intensity or amount

From this reading She felt rugs under her feet as she was drawn along by the King of the Pipes, and when her eyes became accustomed to the half-gloom of the place she saw that there were several low tables and a couch or two, the latter likewise covered with rugs.

madeadjectiveUS /meɪd/

produced by a manufacturing process

From this reading The cavern was a natural one, but man had made of it a not impossible habitation.

mannounUS /mæn/

an adult person who is male (as opposed to a woman)

From this reading The cavern was a natural one, but man had made of it a not impossible habitation.

minutesnounUS /ˈmɪnəts/

a written account of what transpired at a meeting

From this reading IN THE CHINESE DEN It was several minutes before Ruth could accustom her sight to the uncertain, flickering flame of the torches with which the cavern was illuminated.

moneynounUS /ˈmʌni/

the most common medium of exchange; functions as legal tender

From this reading Not only had some ingenuity been expended in fitting up the cave, but the furnishings must have occasioned the expenditure of considerable money.

mustmodal verbUS /mʌst/

used to say something is necessary, or almost certainly true

From this reading Not only had some ingenuity been expended in fitting up the cave, but the furnishings must have occasioned the expenditure of considerable money.

naturaladjectiveUS /ˈnætʃərəl/

in accordance with nature; relating to or concerning nature

From this reading The cavern was a natural one, but man had made of it a not impossible habitation.

notadverbUS /nɑːt/

used to make a word, phrase, or sentence negative

From this reading The cavern was a natural one, but man had made of it a not impossible habitation.

occasionedverbUS /əˈkeɪʒənd/

past form of “occasion” — give occasion to

From this reading Not only had some ingenuity been expended in fitting up the cave, but the furnishings must have occasioned the expenditure of considerable money.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading IN THE CHINESE DEN It was several minutes before Ruth could accustom her sight to the uncertain, flickering flame of the torches with which the cavern was illuminated.

onprepositionUS /ɑːn/

touching and supported by a surface

From this reading There was, too, a small fire on a stone hearth and above it a stone and cement chimney that portrayed ingenuity in its building.

onepronounUS /wʌn/

used to mean any person in general, including the speaker

From this reading The cavern was a natural one, but man had made of it a not impossible habitation.

onlyadverbUS /ˈoʊnli/

and nothing more

From this reading Not only had some ingenuity been expended in fitting up the cave, but the furnishings must have occasioned the expenditure of considerable money.

orconjunctionUS /ɔːr/

used to join alternatives or possibilities

From this reading She felt rugs under her feet as she was drawn along by the King of the Pipes, and when her eyes became accustomed to the half-gloom of the place she saw that there were several low tables and a couch or two, the latter likewise covered with rugs.

PipesnounUS /paɪps/

plural of “pipe” — a tube with a small bowl at one end; used for smoking tobacco

From this reading She felt rugs under her feet as she was drawn along by the King of the Pipes, and when her eyes became accustomed to the half-gloom of the place she saw that there were several low tables and a couch or two, the latter likewise covered with rugs.

placenounUS /pleɪs/

a point located with respect to surface features of some region

From this reading She felt rugs under her feet as she was drawn along by the King of the Pipes, and when her eyes became accustomed to the half-gloom of the place she saw that there were several low tables and a couch or two, the latter likewise covered with rugs.

portrayedadjectiveUS /pɔːrˈtreɪd/

represented graphically by sketch or design or lines

From this reading There was, too, a small fire on a stone hearth and above it a stone and cement chimney that portrayed ingenuity in its building.

rugsnounUS /rʌɡz/

plural of “rug” — floor covering consisting of a piece of thick heavy fabric (usually with nap or pile)

From this reading She felt rugs under her feet as she was drawn along by the King of the Pipes, and when her eyes became accustomed to the half-gloom of the place she saw that there were several low tables and a couch or two, the latter likewise covered with rugs.

RuthnounUS /ruːθ/

United States professional baseball player famous for hitting home runs (1895-1948)

From this reading IN THE CHINESE DEN It was several minutes before Ruth could accustom her sight to the uncertain, flickering flame of the torches with which the cavern was illuminated.

sawverbUS /sɔː/

cut with a saw

From this reading She felt rugs under her feet as she was drawn along by the King of the Pipes, and when her eyes became accustomed to the half-gloom of the place she saw that there were several low tables and a couch or two, the latter likewise covered with rugs.

severaladjectiveUS /ˈsevrəl/

(used with count nouns) of an indefinite number more than 2 or 3 but not many

From this reading IN THE CHINESE DEN It was several minutes before Ruth could accustom her sight to the uncertain, flickering flame of the torches with which the cavern was illuminated.

ShepronounUS /ʃiː/

a woman, girl, or female animal already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading She felt rugs under her feet as she was drawn along by the King of the Pipes, and when her eyes became accustomed to the half-gloom of the place she saw that there were several low tables and a couch or two, the latter likewise covered with rugs.

sightnounUS /saɪt/

an instance of visual perception

From this reading IN THE CHINESE DEN It was several minutes before Ruth could accustom her sight to the uncertain, flickering flame of the torches with which the cavern was illuminated.

smalladjectiveUS /smɔːl/

limited or below average in number or quantity or magnitude or extent

From this reading There was, too, a small fire on a stone hearth and above it a stone and cement chimney that portrayed ingenuity in its building.

someadjectiveUS /sʌm/

(quantifier) used with either mass nouns or plural count nouns to indicate an unspecified number or quantity

From this reading Not only had some ingenuity been expended in fitting up the cave, but the furnishings must have occasioned the expenditure of considerable money.

stonenounUS /stoʊn/

a lump or mass of hard consolidated mineral matter

From this reading There was, too, a small fire on a stone hearth and above it a stone and cement chimney that portrayed ingenuity in its building.

tablesnounUS /ˈteɪbəlz/

plural of “table” — a set of data arranged in rows and columns

From this reading She felt rugs under her feet as she was drawn along by the King of the Pipes, and when her eyes became accustomed to the half-gloom of the place she saw that there were several low tables and a couch or two, the latter likewise covered with rugs.

thatconjunctionUS /ðæt/

used to introduce what somebody said, thought, or felt

From this reading There was, too, a small fire on a stone hearth and above it a stone and cement chimney that portrayed ingenuity in its building.

THEdeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading IN THE CHINESE DEN It was several minutes before Ruth could accustom her sight to the uncertain, flickering flame of the torches with which the cavern was illuminated.

ThereadverbUS /ðer/

in or at that place or location

From this reading There was, too, a small fire on a stone hearth and above it a stone and cement chimney that portrayed ingenuity in its building.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading IN THE CHINESE DEN It was several minutes before Ruth could accustom her sight to the uncertain, flickering flame of the torches with which the cavern was illuminated.

tooadverbUS /tuː/

to a degree exceeding normal or proper limits

From this reading There was, too, a small fire on a stone hearth and above it a stone and cement chimney that portrayed ingenuity in its building.

torchesnounUS /ˈtɔːrtʃɪz/

plural of “torch” — a light usually carried in the hand; consists of some flammable substance

From this reading IN THE CHINESE DEN It was several minutes before Ruth could accustom her sight to the uncertain, flickering flame of the torches with which the cavern was illuminated.

twonounUS /tuː/

the cardinal number that is the sum of one and one or a numeral representing this number

From this reading She felt rugs under her feet as she was drawn along by the King of the Pipes, and when her eyes became accustomed to the half-gloom of the place she saw that there were several low tables and a couch or two, the latter likewise covered with rugs.

uncertainadjectiveUS /ənˈsɜːrtən/

lacking or indicating lack of confidence or assurance

From this reading IN THE CHINESE DEN It was several minutes before Ruth could accustom her sight to the uncertain, flickering flame of the torches with which the cavern was illuminated.

underprepositionUS /ˈʌndər/

below or beneath something; less than

From this reading She felt rugs under her feet as she was drawn along by the King of the Pipes, and when her eyes became accustomed to the half-gloom of the place she saw that there were several low tables and a couch or two, the latter likewise covered with rugs.

upadjectiveUS /ʌp/

being or moving higher in position or greater in some value; being above a former position or level

From this reading Not only had some ingenuity been expended in fitting up the cave, but the furnishings must have occasioned the expenditure of considerable money.

wasauxiliary verbUS /wɑːz/

the past form of “be” used with I, he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading IN THE CHINESE DEN It was several minutes before Ruth could accustom her sight to the uncertain, flickering flame of the torches with which the cavern was illuminated.

wereauxiliary verbUS /wɜːr/

the past form of “be” used with you, we, they, or a plural noun

From this reading She felt rugs under her feet as she was drawn along by the King of the Pipes, and when her eyes became accustomed to the half-gloom of the place she saw that there were several low tables and a couch or two, the latter likewise covered with rugs.

whenconjunctionUS /wen/

at the time that

From this reading She felt rugs under her feet as she was drawn along by the King of the Pipes, and when her eyes became accustomed to the half-gloom of the place she saw that there were several low tables and a couch or two, the latter likewise covered with rugs.

whichpronounUS /wɪtʃ/

used to introduce a clause giving more about a thing just mentioned

From this reading IN THE CHINESE DEN It was several minutes before Ruth could accustom her sight to the uncertain, flickering flame of the torches with which the cavern was illuminated.

withprepositionUS /wɪð/

in the company of; together with

From this reading IN THE CHINESE DEN It was several minutes before Ruth could accustom her sight to the uncertain, flickering flame of the torches with which the cavern was illuminated.

Chapter 21 of Ruth Fielding on the St. Lawrence by Alice B. Emerson holds 101 sentences, grouped into 21 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 21 of Ruth Fielding on the St. Lawrence contain?

Chapter 21 holds 101 sentences of Ruth Fielding on the St. Lawrence, unabridged, divided into 21 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 21 of Ruth Fielding on the St. Lawrence by Alice B. Emerson exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 101 sentences, grouped into 21 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 21 of Ruth Fielding on the St. Lawrence?

Work through the 21 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 21 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 21 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 21 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading Ruth Fielding on the St. Lawrence

Common questions about reading Ruth Fielding on the St. Lawrence by Alice B. Emerson on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of Ruth Fielding on the St. Lawrence?

Yes. All 3124 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #25802 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of Ruth Fielding on the St. Lawrence is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #25802, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does Ruth Fielding on the St. Lawrence take to read?

About 260 minutes of reading across 625 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

How to read Ruth Fielding on the St. Lawrence section by section

How to work through Ruth Fielding on the St. Lawrence section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.

  1. Open a chapter

    Choose one of the 25 chapters of Ruth Fielding on the St. Lawrence to begin.

  2. Read one section

    Each section holds 5 sentences; read it once through.

  3. Listen and tap

    Play the section aloud, then tap any unfamiliar word for its entry.

Vocabulary met early in Ruth Fielding on the St. Lawrence

Words and structures a reader meets early in Ruth Fielding on the St. Lawrence, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Comes
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Ruth Fielding on the St. Lawrence; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Bride
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Ruth Fielding on the St. Lawrence; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Sudden
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Ruth Fielding on the St. Lawrence; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Joyous
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Ruth Fielding on the St. Lawrence; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.