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Ruth Hall
Ruth Hall

Chapter IV

Chapter 4 of Ruth Hall is here in full — 46 sentences across 10 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

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Context Illustration Reading 1/9 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
Ruth's nurse, Mrs. Jiff, was fat, elephantine, and unctuous.
Nursing agreed with her.
She had "tasted" too many bowls of wine-whey on the stairs, tipped up too many bottles of porter in the closet, slid down too many slippery oysters before handing them to "her lady," not to do credit to her pantry devotions.
Mrs. Jiff wore an uncommonly stiff gingham gown, which sounded, every time she moved, like the rustle of a footfall among the withered leaves of autumn.
Her shoes were new, thick, and creaky, and she had a wheezy, dilapidated-bellowsy way of breathing, consequent upon the consumption of the above-mentioned port and oysters, which was intensely crucifying to a sick ear.
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LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

Ruth Hall

Chapter IV

Chapter 4 of Ruth Hall is here in full — 46 sentences across 10 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/9 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
Ruth's nurse, Mrs. Jiff, was fat, elephantine, and unctuous.
Line 2
Nursing agreed with her.
/ˈnɜːrsɪŋ əˈɡriːd wɪð hɜːr/
Line 3
She had "tasted" too many bowls of wine-whey on the stairs, tipped up too many bottles of porter in the closet, slid down too many slippery oysters before handing them to "her lady," not to do credit to her pantry devotions.
Line 4
Mrs. Jiff wore an uncommonly stiff gingham gown, which sounded, every time she moved, like the rustle of a footfall among the withered leaves of autumn.
Line 5
Her shoes were new, thick, and creaky, and she had a wheezy, dilapidated-bellowsy way of breathing, consequent upon the consumption of the above-mentioned port and oysters, which was intensely crucifying to a sick ear.

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

bowls noun US /boʊlz/

a bowling game played on a level lawn with biased wooden balls that are rolled at a jack

From this reading “She had "tasted" too many bowls of wine-whey on the stairs, tipped up too many bottles of porter in the closet, slid down too many slippery oysters before handing them to "her lady," not to do credit to her pantry devotions.”

consequent adjective US /ˈkɑːnsəkwənt/

occurring with or following as a consequence

From this reading “Her shoes were new, thick, and creaky, and she had a wheezy, dilapidated-bellowsy way of breathing, consequent upon the consumption of the above-mentioned port and oysters, which was intensely crucifying to a sick ear.”

creaky adjective US /ˈkriːki/

worn and broken down by hard use

From this reading “Her shoes were new, thick, and creaky, and she had a wheezy, dilapidated-bellowsy way of breathing, consequent upon the consumption of the above-mentioned port and oysters, which was intensely crucifying to a sick ear.”

elephantine adjective US /ˌeləˈfæntiːn/

of great mass; huge and bulky

From this reading “Ruth's nurse, Mrs. Jiff, was fat, elephantine, and unctuous.”

footfall noun US /ˈfʊtfɔːl/

the sound of a step of someone walking

From this reading “Mrs. Jiff wore an uncommonly stiff gingham gown, which sounded, every time she moved, like the rustle of a footfall among the withered leaves of autumn.”

gingham noun US /ˈɡɪŋəm/

a clothing fabric in a plaid weave

From this reading “Mrs. Jiff wore an uncommonly stiff gingham gown, which sounded, every time she moved, like the rustle of a footfall among the withered leaves of autumn.”

Ruth's noun US /ruːθs/

possessive form of “ruth” — United States professional baseball player famous for hitting home runs (1895-1948)

From this reading “Ruth's nurse, Mrs. Jiff, was fat, elephantine, and unctuous.”

unctuous adjective US /ˈʌŋtʃwəs/

unpleasantly and excessively suave or ingratiating in manner or speech

From this reading “Ruth's nurse, Mrs. Jiff, was fat, elephantine, and unctuous.”

Word partnerships in these lines

English keeps certain words together, and knowing the pair is worth more than knowing each word alone. Every partnership below was counted across our whole published library, and earns its place by appearing far more often than two unrelated words of the same frequency would.

Shown as this reading writes them, with the form the library counts, what kind of pairing it is, and how often it occurs.

withered leaves adjective + noun counted as “withered leaf”

In this reading “Mrs. Jiff wore an uncommonly stiff gingham gown, which sounded, every time she moved, like the rustle of a footfall among the withered leaves of autumn.”

slid down verb + adjective counted as “slide down”

fall or sink heavily

In this reading “She had "tasted" too many bowls of wine-whey on the stairs, tipped up too many bottles of porter in the closet, slid down too many slippery oysters before handing them to "her lady," not to do credit to her pantry devotions.”

too many adverb + adjective

In this reading “She had "tasted" too many bowls of wine-whey on the stairs, tipped up too many bottles of porter in the closet, slid down too many slippery oysters before handing them to "her lady," not to do credit to her pantry devotions.”

rustle of verb + particle

In this reading “Mrs. Jiff wore an uncommonly stiff gingham gown, which sounded, every time she moved, like the rustle of a footfall among the withered leaves of autumn.”

on the stairs preposition + article + noun counted as “on … stairs”

In this reading “She had "tasted" too many bowls of wine-whey on the stairs, tipped up too many bottles of porter in the closet, slid down too many slippery oysters before handing them to "her lady," not to do credit to her pantry devotions.”

in the closet preposition + article + noun counted as “in … closet”

In this reading “She had "tasted" too many bowls of wine-whey on the stairs, tipped up too many bottles of porter in the closet, slid down too many slippery oysters before handing them to "her lady," not to do credit to her pantry devotions.”

All words in this reading · 81

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading Mrs. Jiff wore an uncommonly stiff gingham gown, which sounded, every time she moved, like the rustle of a footfall among the withered leaves of autumn.

above-mentionedadjective

mentioned or named earlier in the same text

From this reading Her shoes were new, thick, and creaky, and she had a wheezy, dilapidated-bellowsy way of breathing, consequent upon the consumption of the above-mentioned port and oysters, which was intensely crucifying to a sick ear.

agreedadjectiveUS /əˈɡriːd/

united by being of the same opinion

From this reading Nursing agreed with her.

amongprepositionUS /əˈmʌŋ/

surrounded by; in the middle of a group

From this reading Mrs. Jiff wore an uncommonly stiff gingham gown, which sounded, every time she moved, like the rustle of a footfall among the withered leaves of autumn.

andeterminerUS /æn/

the form of “a” used before a word that begins with a vowel sound

From this reading Mrs. Jiff wore an uncommonly stiff gingham gown, which sounded, every time she moved, like the rustle of a footfall among the withered leaves of autumn.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading Ruth's nurse, Mrs. Jiff, was fat, elephantine, and unctuous.

autumnnounUS /ˈɔːtəm/

the season when the leaves fall from the trees

From this reading Mrs. Jiff wore an uncommonly stiff gingham gown, which sounded, every time she moved, like the rustle of a footfall among the withered leaves of autumn.

beforeprepositionUS /bɪˈfɔːr/

earlier than; in front of

From this reading She had "tasted" too many bowls of wine-whey on the stairs, tipped up too many bottles of porter in the closet, slid down too many slippery oysters before handing them to "her lady," not to do credit to her pantry devotions.

bottlesnounUS /ˈbɑːtəlz/

plural of “bottle” — a glass or plastic vessel used for storing drinks or other liquids; typically cylindrical without handles and with a narrow neck that can be plugged or capped

From this reading She had "tasted" too many bowls of wine-whey on the stairs, tipped up too many bottles of porter in the closet, slid down too many slippery oysters before handing them to "her lady," not to do credit to her pantry devotions.

bowlsnounUS /boʊlz/

a bowling game played on a level lawn with biased wooden balls that are rolled at a jack

From this reading She had "tasted" too many bowls of wine-whey on the stairs, tipped up too many bottles of porter in the closet, slid down too many slippery oysters before handing them to "her lady," not to do credit to her pantry devotions.

breathingnounUS /ˈbriːðɪŋ/

the bodily process of inhalation and exhalation; the process of taking in oxygen from inhaled air and releasing carbon dioxide by exhalation

From this reading Her shoes were new, thick, and creaky, and she had a wheezy, dilapidated-bellowsy way of breathing, consequent upon the consumption of the above-mentioned port and oysters, which was intensely crucifying to a sick ear.

closetnounUS /ˈklɑːzət/

a small room (or recess) or cabinet used for storage space

From this reading She had "tasted" too many bowls of wine-whey on the stairs, tipped up too many bottles of porter in the closet, slid down too many slippery oysters before handing them to "her lady," not to do credit to her pantry devotions.

consequentadjectiveUS /ˈkɑːnsəkwənt/

occurring with or following as a consequence

From this reading Her shoes were new, thick, and creaky, and she had a wheezy, dilapidated-bellowsy way of breathing, consequent upon the consumption of the above-mentioned port and oysters, which was intensely crucifying to a sick ear.

consumptionnounUS /kənˈsʌmpʃən/

the process of taking food into the body through the mouth (as by eating)

From this reading Her shoes were new, thick, and creaky, and she had a wheezy, dilapidated-bellowsy way of breathing, consequent upon the consumption of the above-mentioned port and oysters, which was intensely crucifying to a sick ear.

creakyadjectiveUS /ˈkriːki/

worn and broken down by hard use

From this reading Her shoes were new, thick, and creaky, and she had a wheezy, dilapidated-bellowsy way of breathing, consequent upon the consumption of the above-mentioned port and oysters, which was intensely crucifying to a sick ear.

creditnounUS /ˈkredət/

approval

From this reading She had "tasted" too many bowls of wine-whey on the stairs, tipped up too many bottles of porter in the closet, slid down too many slippery oysters before handing them to "her lady," not to do credit to her pantry devotions.

crucifying

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Her shoes were new, thick, and creaky, and she had a wheezy, dilapidated-bellowsy way of breathing, consequent upon the consumption of the above-mentioned port and oysters, which was intensely crucifying to a sick ear.

devotions

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading She had "tasted" too many bowls of wine-whey on the stairs, tipped up too many bottles of porter in the closet, slid down too many slippery oysters before handing them to "her lady," not to do credit to her pantry devotions.

dilapidated-bellowsy

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Her shoes were new, thick, and creaky, and she had a wheezy, dilapidated-bellowsy way of breathing, consequent upon the consumption of the above-mentioned port and oysters, which was intensely crucifying to a sick ear.

doauxiliary verbUS /duː/

used to form questions and negatives, and to give emphasis

From this reading She had "tasted" too many bowls of wine-whey on the stairs, tipped up too many bottles of porter in the closet, slid down too many slippery oysters before handing them to "her lady," not to do credit to her pantry devotions.

downadjectiveUS /daʊn/

being or moving lower in position or less in some value

From this reading She had "tasted" too many bowls of wine-whey on the stairs, tipped up too many bottles of porter in the closet, slid down too many slippery oysters before handing them to "her lady," not to do credit to her pantry devotions.

earnounUS /iːr/

the sense organ for hearing and equilibrium

From this reading Her shoes were new, thick, and creaky, and she had a wheezy, dilapidated-bellowsy way of breathing, consequent upon the consumption of the above-mentioned port and oysters, which was intensely crucifying to a sick ear.

elephantineadjectiveUS /ˌeləˈfæntiːn/

of great mass; huge and bulky

From this reading Ruth's nurse, Mrs. Jiff, was fat, elephantine, and unctuous.

everydeterminerUS /ˈevəri/

all the members of a group, with none left out

From this reading Mrs. Jiff wore an uncommonly stiff gingham gown, which sounded, every time she moved, like the rustle of a footfall among the withered leaves of autumn.

fatadjectiveUS /fæt/

having an (over)abundance of flesh

From this reading Ruth's nurse, Mrs. Jiff, was fat, elephantine, and unctuous.

footfallnounUS /ˈfʊtfɔːl/

the sound of a step of someone walking

From this reading Mrs. Jiff wore an uncommonly stiff gingham gown, which sounded, every time she moved, like the rustle of a footfall among the withered leaves of autumn.

ginghamnounUS /ˈɡɪŋəm/

a clothing fabric in a plaid weave

From this reading Mrs. Jiff wore an uncommonly stiff gingham gown, which sounded, every time she moved, like the rustle of a footfall among the withered leaves of autumn.

gownnounUS /ɡaʊn/

a woman's dress, usually with a close-fitting bodice and a long flared skirt, often worn on formal occasions

From this reading Mrs. Jiff wore an uncommonly stiff gingham gown, which sounded, every time she moved, like the rustle of a footfall among the withered leaves of autumn.

hadauxiliary verbUS /hæd/

the past form of “have”, used to form the past perfect

From this reading She had "tasted" too many bowls of wine-whey on the stairs, tipped up too many bottles of porter in the closet, slid down too many slippery oysters before handing them to "her lady," not to do credit to her pantry devotions.

handingverbUS /ˈhændɪŋ/

-ing form of “hand” — place into the hands or custody of

From this reading She had "tasted" too many bowls of wine-whey on the stairs, tipped up too many bottles of porter in the closet, slid down too many slippery oysters before handing them to "her lady," not to do credit to her pantry devotions.

herdeterminerUS /hɜːr/

belonging to a woman, girl, or female animal already mentioned

From this reading Nursing agreed with her.

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading She had "tasted" too many bowls of wine-whey on the stairs, tipped up too many bottles of porter in the closet, slid down too many slippery oysters before handing them to "her lady," not to do credit to her pantry devotions.

intenselyadverbUS /ˌɪnˈtensli/

to a high degree; extremely; in high concentration or density

From this reading Her shoes were new, thick, and creaky, and she had a wheezy, dilapidated-bellowsy way of breathing, consequent upon the consumption of the above-mentioned port and oysters, which was intensely crucifying to a sick ear.

Jiff

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Ruth's nurse, Mrs. Jiff, was fat, elephantine, and unctuous.

ladynounUS /ˈleɪdi/

a polite name for any woman

From this reading She had "tasted" too many bowls of wine-whey on the stairs, tipped up too many bottles of porter in the closet, slid down too many slippery oysters before handing them to "her lady," not to do credit to her pantry devotions.

leavesnounUS /liːvz/

plural of “leaf” — the main organ of photosynthesis and transpiration in higher plants

From this reading Mrs. Jiff wore an uncommonly stiff gingham gown, which sounded, every time she moved, like the rustle of a footfall among the withered leaves of autumn.

likeverbUS /laɪk/

prefer or wish to do something

From this reading Mrs. Jiff wore an uncommonly stiff gingham gown, which sounded, every time she moved, like the rustle of a footfall among the withered leaves of autumn.

manyadjectiveUS /ˈmeni/

a quantifier that can be used with count nouns and is often preceded by “as” or “too” or “so” or “that”; amounting to a large but indefinite number

From this reading She had "tasted" too many bowls of wine-whey on the stairs, tipped up too many bottles of porter in the closet, slid down too many slippery oysters before handing them to "her lady," not to do credit to her pantry devotions.

movedadjectiveUS /muːvd/

being excited or provoked to the expression of an emotion

From this reading Mrs. Jiff wore an uncommonly stiff gingham gown, which sounded, every time she moved, like the rustle of a footfall among the withered leaves of autumn.

MrsnounUS /ˈmɪsɪz/

a form of address for a married woman

From this reading Ruth's nurse, Mrs. Jiff, was fat, elephantine, and unctuous.

newadjectiveUS /nuː/

not of long duration; having just (or relatively recently) come into being or been made or acquired or discovered

From this reading Her shoes were new, thick, and creaky, and she had a wheezy, dilapidated-bellowsy way of breathing, consequent upon the consumption of the above-mentioned port and oysters, which was intensely crucifying to a sick ear.

notadverbUS /nɑːt/

used to make a word, phrase, or sentence negative

From this reading She had "tasted" too many bowls of wine-whey on the stairs, tipped up too many bottles of porter in the closet, slid down too many slippery oysters before handing them to "her lady," not to do credit to her pantry devotions.

nurseverbUS /nɜːrs/

try to cure by special care of treatment, of an illness or injury

From this reading Ruth's nurse, Mrs. Jiff, was fat, elephantine, and unctuous.

NursingnounUS /ˈnɜːrsɪŋ/

the work of caring for the sick or injured or infirm

From this reading Nursing agreed with her.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading She had "tasted" too many bowls of wine-whey on the stairs, tipped up too many bottles of porter in the closet, slid down too many slippery oysters before handing them to "her lady," not to do credit to her pantry devotions.

onprepositionUS /ɑːn/

touching and supported by a surface

From this reading She had "tasted" too many bowls of wine-whey on the stairs, tipped up too many bottles of porter in the closet, slid down too many slippery oysters before handing them to "her lady," not to do credit to her pantry devotions.

oystersnounUS /ˈɔɪstərz/

plural of “oyster” — marine mollusks having a rough irregular shell; found on the sea bed mostly in coastal waters

From this reading She had "tasted" too many bowls of wine-whey on the stairs, tipped up too many bottles of porter in the closet, slid down too many slippery oysters before handing them to "her lady," not to do credit to her pantry devotions.

pantrynounUS /ˈpæntri/

a small storeroom for storing foods or wines

From this reading She had "tasted" too many bowls of wine-whey on the stairs, tipped up too many bottles of porter in the closet, slid down too many slippery oysters before handing them to "her lady," not to do credit to her pantry devotions.

portnounUS /pɔːrt/

a place (seaport or airport) where people and merchandise can enter or leave a country

From this reading Her shoes were new, thick, and creaky, and she had a wheezy, dilapidated-bellowsy way of breathing, consequent upon the consumption of the above-mentioned port and oysters, which was intensely crucifying to a sick ear.

porternounUS /ˈpɔːrtər/

a person employed to carry luggage and supplies

From this reading She had "tasted" too many bowls of wine-whey on the stairs, tipped up too many bottles of porter in the closet, slid down too many slippery oysters before handing them to "her lady," not to do credit to her pantry devotions.

rustleverbUS /ˈrʌsəl/

make a dry crackling sound

From this reading Mrs. Jiff wore an uncommonly stiff gingham gown, which sounded, every time she moved, like the rustle of a footfall among the withered leaves of autumn.

Ruth'snounUS /ruːθs/

possessive form of “ruth” — United States professional baseball player famous for hitting home runs (1895-1948)

From this reading Ruth's nurse, Mrs. Jiff, was fat, elephantine, and unctuous.

ShepronounUS /ʃiː/

a woman, girl, or female animal already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading She had "tasted" too many bowls of wine-whey on the stairs, tipped up too many bottles of porter in the closet, slid down too many slippery oysters before handing them to "her lady," not to do credit to her pantry devotions.

shoesnounUS /ʃuːz/

a particular situation

From this reading Her shoes were new, thick, and creaky, and she had a wheezy, dilapidated-bellowsy way of breathing, consequent upon the consumption of the above-mentioned port and oysters, which was intensely crucifying to a sick ear.

sickadjectiveUS /sɪk/

affected by an impairment of normal physical or mental function

From this reading Her shoes were new, thick, and creaky, and she had a wheezy, dilapidated-bellowsy way of breathing, consequent upon the consumption of the above-mentioned port and oysters, which was intensely crucifying to a sick ear.

slidverbUS /slɪd/

inflected form of “slide” — move obliquely or sideways, usually in an uncontrolled manner

From this reading She had "tasted" too many bowls of wine-whey on the stairs, tipped up too many bottles of porter in the closet, slid down too many slippery oysters before handing them to "her lady," not to do credit to her pantry devotions.

slipperyadjectiveUS /ˈslɪpəri/

causing or tending to cause things to slip or slide

From this reading She had "tasted" too many bowls of wine-whey on the stairs, tipped up too many bottles of porter in the closet, slid down too many slippery oysters before handing them to "her lady," not to do credit to her pantry devotions.

soundedverbUS /ˈsaʊndɪd/

past form of “sound” — appear in a certain way

From this reading Mrs. Jiff wore an uncommonly stiff gingham gown, which sounded, every time she moved, like the rustle of a footfall among the withered leaves of autumn.

stairsnounUS /sterz/

a flight of stairs or a flight of steps

From this reading She had "tasted" too many bowls of wine-whey on the stairs, tipped up too many bottles of porter in the closet, slid down too many slippery oysters before handing them to "her lady," not to do credit to her pantry devotions.

stiffadjectiveUS /stɪf/

not moving or operating freely

From this reading Mrs. Jiff wore an uncommonly stiff gingham gown, which sounded, every time she moved, like the rustle of a footfall among the withered leaves of autumn.

tastedverbUS /ˈteɪstɪd/

past form of “taste” — have flavor; taste of something

From this reading She had "tasted" too many bowls of wine-whey on the stairs, tipped up too many bottles of porter in the closet, slid down too many slippery oysters before handing them to "her lady," not to do credit to her pantry devotions.

thedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading She had "tasted" too many bowls of wine-whey on the stairs, tipped up too many bottles of porter in the closet, slid down too many slippery oysters before handing them to "her lady," not to do credit to her pantry devotions.

thempronounUS /ðem/

the people or things already mentioned, as the object

From this reading She had "tasted" too many bowls of wine-whey on the stairs, tipped up too many bottles of porter in the closet, slid down too many slippery oysters before handing them to "her lady," not to do credit to her pantry devotions.

thickadjectiveUS /θɪk/

not thin; of a specific thickness or of relatively great extent from one surface to the opposite usually in the smallest of the three solid dimensions

From this reading Her shoes were new, thick, and creaky, and she had a wheezy, dilapidated-bellowsy way of breathing, consequent upon the consumption of the above-mentioned port and oysters, which was intensely crucifying to a sick ear.

timenounUS /taɪm/

an instance or single occasion for some event

From this reading Mrs. Jiff wore an uncommonly stiff gingham gown, which sounded, every time she moved, like the rustle of a footfall among the withered leaves of autumn.

tippedadjectiveUS /tɪpt/

having a tip; or having a tip as specified (used in combination)

From this reading She had "tasted" too many bowls of wine-whey on the stairs, tipped up too many bottles of porter in the closet, slid down too many slippery oysters before handing them to "her lady," not to do credit to her pantry devotions.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading She had "tasted" too many bowls of wine-whey on the stairs, tipped up too many bottles of porter in the closet, slid down too many slippery oysters before handing them to "her lady," not to do credit to her pantry devotions.

tooadverbUS /tuː/

to a degree exceeding normal or proper limits

From this reading She had "tasted" too many bowls of wine-whey on the stairs, tipped up too many bottles of porter in the closet, slid down too many slippery oysters before handing them to "her lady," not to do credit to her pantry devotions.

uncommonlyadverbUS /ˌʌnˈkɑːmənli/

exceptionally

From this reading Mrs. Jiff wore an uncommonly stiff gingham gown, which sounded, every time she moved, like the rustle of a footfall among the withered leaves of autumn.

unctuousadjectiveUS /ˈʌŋtʃwəs/

unpleasantly and excessively suave or ingratiating in manner or speech

From this reading Ruth's nurse, Mrs. Jiff, was fat, elephantine, and unctuous.

upadjectiveUS /ʌp/

being or moving higher in position or greater in some value; being above a former position or level

From this reading She had "tasted" too many bowls of wine-whey on the stairs, tipped up too many bottles of porter in the closet, slid down too many slippery oysters before handing them to "her lady," not to do credit to her pantry devotions.

uponprepositionUS /əˈpɑːn/

a formal word for “on”

From this reading Her shoes were new, thick, and creaky, and she had a wheezy, dilapidated-bellowsy way of breathing, consequent upon the consumption of the above-mentioned port and oysters, which was intensely crucifying to a sick ear.

wasauxiliary verbUS /wɑːz/

the past form of “be” used with I, he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading Ruth's nurse, Mrs. Jiff, was fat, elephantine, and unctuous.

waynounUS /weɪ/

how something is done or how it happens

From this reading Her shoes were new, thick, and creaky, and she had a wheezy, dilapidated-bellowsy way of breathing, consequent upon the consumption of the above-mentioned port and oysters, which was intensely crucifying to a sick ear.

wereauxiliary verbUS /wɜːr/

the past form of “be” used with you, we, they, or a plural noun

From this reading Her shoes were new, thick, and creaky, and she had a wheezy, dilapidated-bellowsy way of breathing, consequent upon the consumption of the above-mentioned port and oysters, which was intensely crucifying to a sick ear.

wheezyadjective

having a tone of a reed instrument

From this reading Her shoes were new, thick, and creaky, and she had a wheezy, dilapidated-bellowsy way of breathing, consequent upon the consumption of the above-mentioned port and oysters, which was intensely crucifying to a sick ear.

whichpronounUS /wɪtʃ/

used to introduce a clause giving more about a thing just mentioned

From this reading Mrs. Jiff wore an uncommonly stiff gingham gown, which sounded, every time she moved, like the rustle of a footfall among the withered leaves of autumn.

wine-whey

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading She had "tasted" too many bowls of wine-whey on the stairs, tipped up too many bottles of porter in the closet, slid down too many slippery oysters before handing them to "her lady," not to do credit to her pantry devotions.

withprepositionUS /wɪð/

in the company of; together with

From this reading Nursing agreed with her.

witheredadjectiveUS /ˈwɪðərd/

lean and wrinkled by shrinkage as from age or illness

From this reading Mrs. Jiff wore an uncommonly stiff gingham gown, which sounded, every time she moved, like the rustle of a footfall among the withered leaves of autumn.

woreverbUS /wɔːr/

inflected form of “wear” — be dressed in

From this reading Mrs. Jiff wore an uncommonly stiff gingham gown, which sounded, every time she moved, like the rustle of a footfall among the withered leaves of autumn.

Chapter 4 of Ruth Hall by Fanny Fern holds 46 sentences, grouped into 10 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 4 of Ruth Hall contain?

Chapter 4 holds 46 sentences of Ruth Hall, unabridged, divided into 10 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 4 of Ruth Hall by Fanny Fern exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 46 sentences, grouped into 10 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 4 of Ruth Hall?

Work through the 10 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 10 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 4 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 4 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading Ruth Hall

Common questions about reading Ruth Hall by Fanny Fern on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of Ruth Hall?

Yes. All 3544 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #40814 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of Ruth Hall is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #40814, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does Ruth Hall take to read?

About 295 minutes of reading across 709 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

How to read Ruth Hall section by section

How to work through Ruth Hall section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.

  1. Open a chapter

    Choose one of the 40 chapters of Ruth Hall to begin.

  2. Read one section

    Each section holds 5 sentences; read it once through.

  3. Listen and tap

    Play the section aloud, then tap any unfamiliar word for its entry.

Vocabulary met early in Ruth Hall

Words and structures a reader meets early in Ruth Hall, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Domestic
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Ruth Hall; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Present
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Ruth Hall; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Fanny
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Ruth Hall; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Entered
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Ruth Hall; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.