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Ruth of the U. S. A.
Ruth of the U. S. A.

Chapter II

Chapter 2 of Ruth of the U. S. A. is here in full — 174 sentences across 35 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Cover illustration for Ruth of the U. S. A.
Context Illustration Reading 1/34 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
It was the day for great destinies.
Germany was starving; yet German armies, stronger and better prepared than ever before, were about to annihilate the British and the French.
Austria, crumbling, was secretly suing for peace; yet Austria was awaiting only the melting of snow in the mountain passes before striking for Venice and Padua.
Russia was reorganizing to fight again on the side of the allies; Russia, prostrate, had become a mere reservoir of manpower for the Hohenzollerns.
The U-boats were beaten; the U-boats were sweeping the seas.
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LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

Ruth of the U. S. A.

Chapter II

Chapter 2 of Ruth of the U. S. A. is here in full — 174 sentences across 35 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/34 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
It was the day for great destinies.
/ɪt wɑːz ðə deɪ fɔːr ɡreɪt ˈdestəniz/
Line 2
Germany was starving; yet German armies, stronger and better prepared than ever before, were about to annihilate the British and the French.
/ˈdʒɜːrməni wɑːz ˈstɑːrvɪŋ jet ˈdʒɜːrmən ˈɑːrmiz ˈstrɔːŋər ənd ˈbetər priˈperd ðæn ˈevər bɪˈfɔːr wɜːr əˈbaʊt tuː əˈnaɪəleɪt ðə ˈbrɪtɪʃ ənd ðə frentʃ/
Line 3
Austria, crumbling, was secretly suing for peace; yet Austria was awaiting only the melting of snow in the mountain passes before striking for Venice and Padua.
/ˈɔːstriə ˈkrʌmbəlɪŋ wɑːz ˈsiːkrɪtli ˈsuːɪŋ fɔːr piːs jet ˈɔːstriə wɑːz əˈweɪtɪŋ ˈoʊnli ðə ˈmeltɪŋ ʌv snoʊ ɪn ðə ˈmaʊntən ˈpæsəz bɪˈfɔːr ˈstraɪkɪŋ fɔːr ˈvenəs ənd ˈpædjuːə/
Line 4
Russia was reorganizing to fight again on the side of the allies; Russia, prostrate, had become a mere reservoir of manpower for the Hohenzollerns.
Line 5
The U-boats were beaten; the U-boats were sweeping the seas.

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

annihilate verb US /əˈnaɪəleɪt/

kill in large numbers

From this reading “Germany was starving; yet German armies, stronger and better prepared than ever before, were about to annihilate the British and the French.”

crumbling verb US /ˈkrʌmbəlɪŋ/

-ing form of “crumble” — fall apart

From this reading “Austria, crumbling, was secretly suing for peace; yet Austria was awaiting only the melting of snow in the mountain passes before striking for Venice and Padua.”

destinies noun US /ˈdestəniz/

plural of “destiny” — an event (or a course of events) that will inevitably happen in the future

From this reading “It was the day for great destinies.”

manpower noun US /ˈmænpaʊər/

the force of workers available

From this reading “Russia was reorganizing to fight again on the side of the allies; Russia, prostrate, had become a mere reservoir of manpower for the Hohenzollerns.”

Padua noun US /ˈpædjuːə/

a city in Veneto

From this reading “Austria, crumbling, was secretly suing for peace; yet Austria was awaiting only the melting of snow in the mountain passes before striking for Venice and Padua.”

reorganizing verb US /riˈɔːrɡənaɪzɪŋ/

-ing form of “reorganize” — organize anew

From this reading “Russia was reorganizing to fight again on the side of the allies; Russia, prostrate, had become a mere reservoir of manpower for the Hohenzollerns.”

reservoir noun US /ˈrezəvwɑːr/

a large or extra supply of something

From this reading “Russia was reorganizing to fight again on the side of the allies; Russia, prostrate, had become a mere reservoir of manpower for the Hohenzollerns.”

suing verb US /ˈsuːɪŋ/

-ing form of “sue” — institute legal proceedings against; file a suit against

From this reading “Austria, crumbling, was secretly suing for peace; yet Austria was awaiting only the melting of snow in the mountain passes before striking for Venice and Padua.”

Word partnerships in these lines

English keeps certain words together, and knowing the pair is worth more than knowing each word alone. Every partnership below was counted across our whole published library, and earns its place by appearing far more often than two unrelated words of the same frequency would.

Shown as this reading writes them, with the form the library counts, what kind of pairing it is, and how often it occurs.

passes before verb + particle counted as “pass before”

In this reading “Austria, crumbling, was secretly suing for peace; yet Austria was awaiting only the melting of snow in the mountain passes before striking for Venice and Padua.”

All words in this reading · 60

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading Russia was reorganizing to fight again on the side of the allies; Russia, prostrate, had become a mere reservoir of manpower for the Hohenzollerns.

aboutprepositionUS /əˈbaʊt/

on the subject of; concerning

From this reading Germany was starving; yet German armies, stronger and better prepared than ever before, were about to annihilate the British and the French.

againadverbUS /əˈɡen/

anew

From this reading Russia was reorganizing to fight again on the side of the allies; Russia, prostrate, had become a mere reservoir of manpower for the Hohenzollerns.

alliesnounUS /ˈælaɪz/

the alliance of nations that fought the Axis in World War II and which (with subsequent additions) signed the charter of the United Nations in 1945

From this reading Russia was reorganizing to fight again on the side of the allies; Russia, prostrate, had become a mere reservoir of manpower for the Hohenzollerns.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading Germany was starving; yet German armies, stronger and better prepared than ever before, were about to annihilate the British and the French.

annihilateverbUS /əˈnaɪəleɪt/

kill in large numbers

From this reading Germany was starving; yet German armies, stronger and better prepared than ever before, were about to annihilate the British and the French.

armiesnounUS /ˈɑːrmiz/

plural of “army” — a permanent organization of the military land forces of a nation or state

From this reading Germany was starving; yet German armies, stronger and better prepared than ever before, were about to annihilate the British and the French.

AustrianounUS /ˈɔːstriə/

a mountainous republic in central Europe; under the Habsburgs (1278-1918) Austria maintained control of the Holy Roman Empire and was a leader in European politics until the 19th century

From this reading Austria, crumbling, was secretly suing for peace; yet Austria was awaiting only the melting of snow in the mountain passes before striking for Venice and Padua.

awaitingverbUS /əˈweɪtɪŋ/

-ing form of “await” — look forward to the probable occurrence of

From this reading Austria, crumbling, was secretly suing for peace; yet Austria was awaiting only the melting of snow in the mountain passes before striking for Venice and Padua.

beatenadjectiveUS /ˈbiːtən/

formed or made thin by hammering

From this reading The U-boats were beaten; the U-boats were sweeping the seas.

becomeverbUS /bɪˈkʌm/

enter or assume a certain state or condition

From this reading Russia was reorganizing to fight again on the side of the allies; Russia, prostrate, had become a mere reservoir of manpower for the Hohenzollerns.

beforeprepositionUS /bɪˈfɔːr/

earlier than; in front of

From this reading Germany was starving; yet German armies, stronger and better prepared than ever before, were about to annihilate the British and the French.

betteradjectiveUS /ˈbetər/

(comparative of “good”) superior to another (of the same class or set or kind) in excellence or quality or desirability or suitability; more highly skilled than another

From this reading Germany was starving; yet German armies, stronger and better prepared than ever before, were about to annihilate the British and the French.

BritishnounUS /ˈbrɪtɪʃ/

the people of Great Britain

From this reading Germany was starving; yet German armies, stronger and better prepared than ever before, were about to annihilate the British and the French.

crumblingverbUS /ˈkrʌmbəlɪŋ/

-ing form of “crumble” — fall apart

From this reading Austria, crumbling, was secretly suing for peace; yet Austria was awaiting only the melting of snow in the mountain passes before striking for Venice and Padua.

daynounUS /deɪ/

time for Earth to make a complete rotation on its axis

From this reading It was the day for great destinies.

destiniesnounUS /ˈdestəniz/

plural of “destiny” — an event (or a course of events) that will inevitably happen in the future

From this reading It was the day for great destinies.

everadverbUS /ˈevər/

at any time

From this reading Germany was starving; yet German armies, stronger and better prepared than ever before, were about to annihilate the British and the French.

fightverbUS /faɪt/

be engaged in a fight; carry on a fight

From this reading Russia was reorganizing to fight again on the side of the allies; Russia, prostrate, had become a mere reservoir of manpower for the Hohenzollerns.

forprepositionUS /fɔːr/

intended to be given to, or used by, somebody

From this reading It was the day for great destinies.

FrenchnounUS /frentʃ/

the Romance language spoken in France and in countries colonized by France

From this reading Germany was starving; yet German armies, stronger and better prepared than ever before, were about to annihilate the British and the French.

GermannounUS /ˈdʒɜːrmən/

a person of German nationality

From this reading Germany was starving; yet German armies, stronger and better prepared than ever before, were about to annihilate the British and the French.

GermanynounUS /ˈdʒɜːrməni/

a republic in central Europe; split into East Germany and West Germany after World War II and reunited in 1990

From this reading Germany was starving; yet German armies, stronger and better prepared than ever before, were about to annihilate the British and the French.

greatadjectiveUS /ɡreɪt/

relatively large in size or number or extent; larger than others of its kind

From this reading It was the day for great destinies.

hadauxiliary verbUS /hæd/

the past form of “have”, used to form the past perfect

From this reading Russia was reorganizing to fight again on the side of the allies; Russia, prostrate, had become a mere reservoir of manpower for the Hohenzollerns.

Hohenzollerns

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Russia was reorganizing to fight again on the side of the allies; Russia, prostrate, had become a mere reservoir of manpower for the Hohenzollerns.

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading Austria, crumbling, was secretly suing for peace; yet Austria was awaiting only the melting of snow in the mountain passes before striking for Venice and Padua.

ItpronounUS /ɪt/

a thing, animal, or idea already mentioned

From this reading It was the day for great destinies.

manpowernounUS /ˈmænpaʊər/

the force of workers available

From this reading Russia was reorganizing to fight again on the side of the allies; Russia, prostrate, had become a mere reservoir of manpower for the Hohenzollerns.

meltingnounUS /ˈmeltɪŋ/

the process whereby heat changes something from a solid to a liquid

From this reading Austria, crumbling, was secretly suing for peace; yet Austria was awaiting only the melting of snow in the mountain passes before striking for Venice and Padua.

mereadjectiveUS /mɪr/

being nothing more than specified

From this reading Russia was reorganizing to fight again on the side of the allies; Russia, prostrate, had become a mere reservoir of manpower for the Hohenzollerns.

mountainnounUS /ˈmaʊntən/

a land mass that projects well above its surroundings; higher than a hill

From this reading Austria, crumbling, was secretly suing for peace; yet Austria was awaiting only the melting of snow in the mountain passes before striking for Venice and Padua.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading Austria, crumbling, was secretly suing for peace; yet Austria was awaiting only the melting of snow in the mountain passes before striking for Venice and Padua.

onprepositionUS /ɑːn/

touching and supported by a surface

From this reading Russia was reorganizing to fight again on the side of the allies; Russia, prostrate, had become a mere reservoir of manpower for the Hohenzollerns.

onlyadverbUS /ˈoʊnli/

and nothing more

From this reading Austria, crumbling, was secretly suing for peace; yet Austria was awaiting only the melting of snow in the mountain passes before striking for Venice and Padua.

PaduanounUS /ˈpædjuːə/

a city in Veneto

From this reading Austria, crumbling, was secretly suing for peace; yet Austria was awaiting only the melting of snow in the mountain passes before striking for Venice and Padua.

passesnounUS /ˈpæsəz/

plural of “pass” — (baseball) an advance to first base by a batter who receives four balls

From this reading Austria, crumbling, was secretly suing for peace; yet Austria was awaiting only the melting of snow in the mountain passes before striking for Venice and Padua.

peacenounUS /piːs/

the state prevailing during the absence of war

From this reading Austria, crumbling, was secretly suing for peace; yet Austria was awaiting only the melting of snow in the mountain passes before striking for Venice and Padua.

preparedadjectiveUS /priˈperd/

made ready or fit or suitable beforehand

From this reading Germany was starving; yet German armies, stronger and better prepared than ever before, were about to annihilate the British and the French.

prostrateverbUS /ˈprɑːstreɪt/

get into a prostrate position, as in submission

From this reading Russia was reorganizing to fight again on the side of the allies; Russia, prostrate, had become a mere reservoir of manpower for the Hohenzollerns.

reorganizingverbUS /riˈɔːrɡənaɪzɪŋ/

-ing form of “reorganize” — organize anew

From this reading Russia was reorganizing to fight again on the side of the allies; Russia, prostrate, had become a mere reservoir of manpower for the Hohenzollerns.

reservoirnounUS /ˈrezəvwɑːr/

a large or extra supply of something

From this reading Russia was reorganizing to fight again on the side of the allies; Russia, prostrate, had become a mere reservoir of manpower for the Hohenzollerns.

RussianounUS /ˈrʌʃə/

a former communist country in eastern Europe and northern Asia; established in 1922; included Russia and 14 other soviet socialist republics (Ukraine and Byelorussia and others); officially dissolved 31 December 1991

From this reading Russia was reorganizing to fight again on the side of the allies; Russia, prostrate, had become a mere reservoir of manpower for the Hohenzollerns.

seasnounUS /siːz/

plural of “sea” — a division of an ocean or a large body of salt water partially enclosed by land

From this reading The U-boats were beaten; the U-boats were sweeping the seas.

secretlyadverbUS /ˈsiːkrɪtli/

in secrecy; not openly

From this reading Austria, crumbling, was secretly suing for peace; yet Austria was awaiting only the melting of snow in the mountain passes before striking for Venice and Padua.

sidenounUS /saɪd/

a place within a region identified relative to a center or reference location

From this reading Russia was reorganizing to fight again on the side of the allies; Russia, prostrate, had become a mere reservoir of manpower for the Hohenzollerns.

snownounUS /snoʊ/

precipitation falling from clouds in the form of ice crystals

From this reading Austria, crumbling, was secretly suing for peace; yet Austria was awaiting only the melting of snow in the mountain passes before striking for Venice and Padua.

starvingadjectiveUS /ˈstɑːrvɪŋ/

suffering from lack of food

From this reading Germany was starving; yet German armies, stronger and better prepared than ever before, were about to annihilate the British and the French.

strikingadjectiveUS /ˈstraɪkɪŋ/

sensational in appearance or thrilling in effect

From this reading Austria, crumbling, was secretly suing for peace; yet Austria was awaiting only the melting of snow in the mountain passes before striking for Venice and Padua.

strongeradjectiveUS /ˈstrɔːŋər/

comparative of “strong” — having strength or power greater than average or expected

From this reading Germany was starving; yet German armies, stronger and better prepared than ever before, were about to annihilate the British and the French.

suingverbUS /ˈsuːɪŋ/

-ing form of “sue” — institute legal proceedings against; file a suit against

From this reading Austria, crumbling, was secretly suing for peace; yet Austria was awaiting only the melting of snow in the mountain passes before striking for Venice and Padua.

sweepingadjectiveUS /ˈswiːpɪŋ/

taking in or moving over (or as if over) a wide area; often used in combination

From this reading The U-boats were beaten; the U-boats were sweeping the seas.

thanconjunctionUS /ðæn/

used to introduce the second part of a comparison

From this reading Germany was starving; yet German armies, stronger and better prepared than ever before, were about to annihilate the British and the French.

thedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading It was the day for great destinies.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading Germany was starving; yet German armies, stronger and better prepared than ever before, were about to annihilate the British and the French.

U-boats

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The U-boats were beaten; the U-boats were sweeping the seas.

VenicenounUS /ˈvenəs/

the provincial capital of Veneto; built on 118 islands within a lagoon in the Gulf of Venice; has canals instead of streets; one of Italy's major ports and a famous tourist attraction

From this reading Austria, crumbling, was secretly suing for peace; yet Austria was awaiting only the melting of snow in the mountain passes before striking for Venice and Padua.

wasauxiliary verbUS /wɑːz/

the past form of “be” used with I, he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading It was the day for great destinies.

wereauxiliary verbUS /wɜːr/

the past form of “be” used with you, we, they, or a plural noun

From this reading Germany was starving; yet German armies, stronger and better prepared than ever before, were about to annihilate the British and the French.

yetconjunctionUS /jet/

but in spite of that

From this reading Germany was starving; yet German armies, stronger and better prepared than ever before, were about to annihilate the British and the French.

Chapter 2 of Ruth of the U. S. A. by Edwin Balmer holds 174 sentences, grouped into 35 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 2 of Ruth of the U. S. A. contain?

Chapter 2 holds 174 sentences of Ruth of the U. S. A., unabridged, divided into 35 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 2 of Ruth of the U. S. A. by Edwin Balmer exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 174 sentences, grouped into 35 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 2 of Ruth of the U. S. A.?

Work through the 35 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 35 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 2 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 2 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading Ruth of the U. S. A.

Common questions about reading Ruth of the U. S. A. by Edwin Balmer on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of Ruth of the U. S. A.?

Yes. All 4999 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #68296 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of Ruth of the U. S. A. is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #68296, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does Ruth of the U. S. A. take to read?

About 416 minutes of reading across 1000 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

How to read Ruth of the U. S. A. section by section

How to work through Ruth of the U. S. A. section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.

  1. Open a chapter

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  2. Read one section

    Each section holds 5 sentences; read it once through.

  3. Listen and tap

    Play the section aloud, then tap any unfamiliar word for its entry.

Vocabulary met early in Ruth of the U. S. A.

Words and structures a reader meets early in Ruth of the U. S. A., each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Mcclurg
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Ruth of the U. S. A.; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Published
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Ruth of the U. S. A.; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
March
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Ruth of the U. S. A.; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Memory
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Ruth of the U. S. A.; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.