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Ruth of the U. S. A.
Ruth of the U. S. A.

Chapter XVI · Gerry’s Problem

Chapter XVI of Ruth of the U. S. A., “Gerry’s Problem,” is here in full — 219 sentences across 44 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Cover illustration for Ruth of the U. S. A.
Context Illustration Reading 1/43 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
Ruth had told that truth, perforce, to George Byrne with the result that he had condemned her; and, when meeting this condemnation, she had said that Gerry must know that she was loyal.
But did she know that now?
Questions crowded upon her which, she knew, must come to him.
She had betrayed De Trevenac; but it was a known principle of the German spy organization that, at certain times and under certain circumstances, one agent would betray another.
The Germans punished some of their spies in this way; in other cases, when a man was to be discarded who had ceased to be useful, another spy had been appointed to betray him for the advantage that the betrayal would bring to the informer.
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AI-generated narration by OpenAI · Slow US English
LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

Ruth of the U. S. A.

Chapter XVI · Gerry’s Problem

Chapter XVI of Ruth of the U. S. A., “Gerry’s Problem,” is here in full — 219 sentences across 44 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/43 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
Ruth had told that truth, perforce, to George Byrne with the result that he had condemned her; and, when meeting this condemnation, she had said that Gerry must know that she was loyal.
Line 2
But did she know that now?
/bʌt dɪd ʃiː noʊ ðæt naʊ/
Line 3
Questions crowded upon her which, she knew, must come to him.
/ˈkwestʃənz ˈkraʊdəd əˈpɑːn hɜːr wɪtʃ ʃiː nuː mʌst kʌm tuː hɪm/
Line 4
She had betrayed De Trevenac; but it was a known principle of the German spy organization that, at certain times and under certain circumstances, one agent would betray another.
Line 5
The Germans punished some of their spies in this way; in other cases, when a man was to be discarded who had ceased to be useful, another spy had been appointed to betray him for the advantage that the betrayal would bring to the informer.
/ðə ˈdʒɜːrmənz ˈpʌnɪʃt sʌm ʌv ðer spaɪz ɪn ðɪs weɪ ɪn ˈʌðər ˈkeɪsəz wen ə mæn wɑːz tuː biː dɪˈskɑːrdɪd huː hæd siːst tuː biː ˈjuːsfəl əˈnʌðər spaɪ hæd bɪn əˈpɔɪntɪd tuː bɪˈtreɪ hɪm fɔːr ðə ædˈvæntɪdʒ ðæt ðə bɪˈtreɪ.əl wʊd brɪŋ tuː ðə ˌɪnˈfɔːrmər/

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

betrayal noun US /bɪˈtreɪ.əl/

The action of betraying one's country, a group, or a person; breach of trust.

From this reading “The Germans punished some of their spies in this way; in other cases, when a man was to be discarded who had ceased to be useful, another spy had been appointed to betray him for the advantage that the betrayal would bring to the informer.”

condemnation noun US /ˌkɑːndəmˈneɪʃən/

an expression of strong disapproval; pronouncing as wrong or morally culpable

From this reading “Ruth had told that truth, perforce, to George Byrne with the result that he had condemned her; and, when meeting this condemnation, she had said that Gerry must know that she was loyal.”

discarded adjective US /dɪˈskɑːrdɪd/

thrown away

From this reading “The Germans punished some of their spies in this way; in other cases, when a man was to be discarded who had ceased to be useful, another spy had been appointed to betray him for the advantage that the betrayal would bring to the informer.”

informer noun US /ˌɪnˈfɔːrmər/

one who reveals confidential information in return for money

From this reading “The Germans punished some of their spies in this way; in other cases, when a man was to be discarded who had ceased to be useful, another spy had been appointed to betray him for the advantage that the betrayal would bring to the informer.”

organization noun US /ˌɔːrɡənəˈzeɪʃən/

a group of people who work together

From this reading “She had betrayed De Trevenac; but it was a known principle of the German spy organization that, at certain times and under certain circumstances, one agent would betray another.”

perforce adverb US /pərˈfɔːrs/

by necessity; by force of circumstance

From this reading “Ruth had told that truth, perforce, to George Byrne with the result that he had condemned her; and, when meeting this condemnation, she had said that Gerry must know that she was loyal.”

punished adjective US /ˈpʌnɪʃt/

subjected to a penalty (as pain or shame or restraint or loss) for an offense or fault or in order to coerce some behavior (as a confession or obedience)

From this reading “The Germans punished some of their spies in this way; in other cases, when a man was to be discarded who had ceased to be useful, another spy had been appointed to betray him for the advantage that the betrayal would bring to the informer.”

spies noun US /spaɪz/

plural of “spy” — (military) a secret agent hired by a state to obtain information about its enemies or by a business to obtain industrial secrets from competitors

From this reading “The Germans punished some of their spies in this way; in other cases, when a man was to be discarded who had ceased to be useful, another spy had been appointed to betray him for the advantage that the betrayal would bring to the informer.”

Word partnerships in these lines

English keeps certain words together, and knowing the pair is worth more than knowing each word alone. Every partnership below was counted across our whole published library, and earns its place by appearing far more often than two unrelated words of the same frequency would.

Shown as this reading writes them, with the form the library counts, what kind of pairing it is, and how often it occurs.

certain circumstances adjective + noun

In this reading “She had betrayed De Trevenac; but it was a known principle of the German spy organization that, at certain times and under certain circumstances, one agent would betray another.”

All words in this reading · 80

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading She had betrayed De Trevenac; but it was a known principle of the German spy organization that, at certain times and under certain circumstances, one agent would betray another.

advantagenounUS /ædˈvæntɪdʒ/

the quality of having a superior or more favorable position

From this reading The Germans punished some of their spies in this way; in other cases, when a man was to be discarded who had ceased to be useful, another spy had been appointed to betray him for the advantage that the betrayal would bring to the informer.

agentnounUS /ˈeɪdʒənt/

an active and efficient cause; capable of producing a certain effect

From this reading She had betrayed De Trevenac; but it was a known principle of the German spy organization that, at certain times and under certain circumstances, one agent would betray another.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading Ruth had told that truth, perforce, to George Byrne with the result that he had condemned her; and, when meeting this condemnation, she had said that Gerry must know that she was loyal.

anotherdeterminerUS /əˈnʌðər/

one more of the same kind, or a different one

From this reading She had betrayed De Trevenac; but it was a known principle of the German spy organization that, at certain times and under certain circumstances, one agent would betray another.

appointedadjectiveUS /əˈpɔɪntɪd/

subject to appointment

From this reading The Germans punished some of their spies in this way; in other cases, when a man was to be discarded who had ceased to be useful, another spy had been appointed to betray him for the advantage that the betrayal would bring to the informer.

atprepositionUS /æt/

in or near a particular place or position

From this reading She had betrayed De Trevenac; but it was a known principle of the German spy organization that, at certain times and under certain circumstances, one agent would betray another.

beauxiliary verbUS /biː/

used with a past participle to form the passive, or with -ing for continuous tenses

From this reading The Germans punished some of their spies in this way; in other cases, when a man was to be discarded who had ceased to be useful, another spy had been appointed to betray him for the advantage that the betrayal would bring to the informer.

beenauxiliary verbUS /bɪn/

the past participle of “be”

From this reading The Germans punished some of their spies in this way; in other cases, when a man was to be discarded who had ceased to be useful, another spy had been appointed to betray him for the advantage that the betrayal would bring to the informer.

betrayverbUS /bɪˈtreɪ/

reveal unintentionally

From this reading She had betrayed De Trevenac; but it was a known principle of the German spy organization that, at certain times and under certain circumstances, one agent would betray another.

betrayalnounUS /bɪˈtreɪ.əl/

The action of betraying one's country, a group, or a person; breach of trust.

From this reading The Germans punished some of their spies in this way; in other cases, when a man was to be discarded who had ceased to be useful, another spy had been appointed to betray him for the advantage that the betrayal would bring to the informer.

betrayedverbUS /bɪˈtreɪd/

past form of “betray” — reveal unintentionally

From this reading She had betrayed De Trevenac; but it was a known principle of the German spy organization that, at certain times and under certain circumstances, one agent would betray another.

bringverbUS /brɪŋ/

take something or somebody with oneself somewhere

From this reading The Germans punished some of their spies in this way; in other cases, when a man was to be discarded who had ceased to be useful, another spy had been appointed to betray him for the advantage that the betrayal would bring to the informer.

ButconjunctionUS /bʌt/

used to introduce something that contrasts with what came before

From this reading But did she know that now?

Byrne

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Ruth had told that truth, perforce, to George Byrne with the result that he had condemned her; and, when meeting this condemnation, she had said that Gerry must know that she was loyal.

casesnounUS /ˈkeɪsəz/

plural of “case” — an occurrence of something

From this reading The Germans punished some of their spies in this way; in other cases, when a man was to be discarded who had ceased to be useful, another spy had been appointed to betray him for the advantage that the betrayal would bring to the informer.

ceasedverbUS /siːst/

past form of “cease” — put an end to a state or an activity

From this reading The Germans punished some of their spies in this way; in other cases, when a man was to be discarded who had ceased to be useful, another spy had been appointed to betray him for the advantage that the betrayal would bring to the informer.

certainadjectiveUS /ˈsɜːrtən/

definite but not specified or identified

From this reading She had betrayed De Trevenac; but it was a known principle of the German spy organization that, at certain times and under certain circumstances, one agent would betray another.

circumstancesnounUS /ˈsɜːrkəmstænsəz/

your overall circumstances or condition in life (including everything that happens to you)

From this reading She had betrayed De Trevenac; but it was a known principle of the German spy organization that, at certain times and under certain circumstances, one agent would betray another.

comeverbUS /kʌm/

move toward, travel toward something or somebody or approach something or somebody

From this reading Questions crowded upon her which, she knew, must come to him.

condemnationnounUS /ˌkɑːndəmˈneɪʃən/

an expression of strong disapproval; pronouncing as wrong or morally culpable

From this reading Ruth had told that truth, perforce, to George Byrne with the result that he had condemned her; and, when meeting this condemnation, she had said that Gerry must know that she was loyal.

condemnedverbUS /kənˈdemd/

past form of “condemn” — express strong disapproval of

From this reading Ruth had told that truth, perforce, to George Byrne with the result that he had condemned her; and, when meeting this condemnation, she had said that Gerry must know that she was loyal.

crowdedadjectiveUS /ˈkraʊdəd/

overfilled or compacted or concentrated

From this reading Questions crowded upon her which, she knew, must come to him.

DenounUS /diː/

a Mid-Atlantic state; one of the original 13 colonies

From this reading She had betrayed De Trevenac; but it was a known principle of the German spy organization that, at certain times and under certain circumstances, one agent would betray another.

didauxiliary verbUS /dɪd/

the past form of “do”, used in questions and negatives

From this reading But did she know that now?

discardedadjectiveUS /dɪˈskɑːrdɪd/

thrown away

From this reading The Germans punished some of their spies in this way; in other cases, when a man was to be discarded who had ceased to be useful, another spy had been appointed to betray him for the advantage that the betrayal would bring to the informer.

forprepositionUS /fɔːr/

intended to be given to, or used by, somebody

From this reading The Germans punished some of their spies in this way; in other cases, when a man was to be discarded who had ceased to be useful, another spy had been appointed to betray him for the advantage that the betrayal would bring to the informer.

GeorgenounUS /dʒɔːrdʒ/

Christian martyr; patron saint of England; hero of the legend of Saint George and the Dragon in which he slew a dragon and saved a princess (?-303)

From this reading Ruth had told that truth, perforce, to George Byrne with the result that he had condemned her; and, when meeting this condemnation, she had said that Gerry must know that she was loyal.

GermannounUS /ˈdʒɜːrmən/

a person of German nationality

From this reading She had betrayed De Trevenac; but it was a known principle of the German spy organization that, at certain times and under certain circumstances, one agent would betray another.

GermansnounUS /ˈdʒɜːrmənz/

plural of “german” — a person of German nationality

From this reading The Germans punished some of their spies in this way; in other cases, when a man was to be discarded who had ceased to be useful, another spy had been appointed to betray him for the advantage that the betrayal would bring to the informer.

Gerry

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Ruth had told that truth, perforce, to George Byrne with the result that he had condemned her; and, when meeting this condemnation, she had said that Gerry must know that she was loyal.

hadauxiliary verbUS /hæd/

the past form of “have”, used to form the past perfect

From this reading Ruth had told that truth, perforce, to George Byrne with the result that he had condemned her; and, when meeting this condemnation, she had said that Gerry must know that she was loyal.

hepronounUS /hiː/

a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading Ruth had told that truth, perforce, to George Byrne with the result that he had condemned her; and, when meeting this condemnation, she had said that Gerry must know that she was loyal.

herdeterminerUS /hɜːr/

belonging to a woman, girl, or female animal already mentioned

From this reading Ruth had told that truth, perforce, to George Byrne with the result that he had condemned her; and, when meeting this condemnation, she had said that Gerry must know that she was loyal.

himpronounUS /hɪm/

the male already mentioned, as the object of a verb or preposition

From this reading Questions crowded upon her which, she knew, must come to him.

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading The Germans punished some of their spies in this way; in other cases, when a man was to be discarded who had ceased to be useful, another spy had been appointed to betray him for the advantage that the betrayal would bring to the informer.

informernounUS /ˌɪnˈfɔːrmər/

one who reveals confidential information in return for money

From this reading The Germans punished some of their spies in this way; in other cases, when a man was to be discarded who had ceased to be useful, another spy had been appointed to betray him for the advantage that the betrayal would bring to the informer.

itpronounUS /ɪt/

a thing, animal, or idea already mentioned

From this reading She had betrayed De Trevenac; but it was a known principle of the German spy organization that, at certain times and under certain circumstances, one agent would betray another.

knewverbUS /nuː/

inflected form of “know” — be cognizant or aware of a fact or a specific piece of information; possess knowledge or information about

From this reading Questions crowded upon her which, she knew, must come to him.

knowverbUS /noʊ/

be cognizant or aware of a fact or a specific piece of information; possess knowledge or information about

From this reading Ruth had told that truth, perforce, to George Byrne with the result that he had condemned her; and, when meeting this condemnation, she had said that Gerry must know that she was loyal.

knownadjectiveUS /noʊn/

apprehended with certainty

From this reading She had betrayed De Trevenac; but it was a known principle of the German spy organization that, at certain times and under certain circumstances, one agent would betray another.

loyaladjectiveUS /ˈlɔɪəl/

steadfast in allegiance or duty

From this reading Ruth had told that truth, perforce, to George Byrne with the result that he had condemned her; and, when meeting this condemnation, she had said that Gerry must know that she was loyal.

mannounUS /mæn/

an adult person who is male (as opposed to a woman)

From this reading The Germans punished some of their spies in this way; in other cases, when a man was to be discarded who had ceased to be useful, another spy had been appointed to betray him for the advantage that the betrayal would bring to the informer.

meetingnounUS /ˈmiːtɪŋ/

a formally arranged gathering

From this reading Ruth had told that truth, perforce, to George Byrne with the result that he had condemned her; and, when meeting this condemnation, she had said that Gerry must know that she was loyal.

mustmodal verbUS /mʌst/

used to say something is necessary, or almost certainly true

From this reading Ruth had told that truth, perforce, to George Byrne with the result that he had condemned her; and, when meeting this condemnation, she had said that Gerry must know that she was loyal.

nowadverbUS /naʊ/

in the historical present; at this point in the narration of a series of past events

From this reading But did she know that now?

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading She had betrayed De Trevenac; but it was a known principle of the German spy organization that, at certain times and under certain circumstances, one agent would betray another.

onepronounUS /wʌn/

used to mean any person in general, including the speaker

From this reading She had betrayed De Trevenac; but it was a known principle of the German spy organization that, at certain times and under certain circumstances, one agent would betray another.

organizationnounUS /ˌɔːrɡənəˈzeɪʃən/

a group of people who work together

From this reading She had betrayed De Trevenac; but it was a known principle of the German spy organization that, at certain times and under certain circumstances, one agent would betray another.

otheradjectiveUS /ˈʌðər/

not the same one or ones already mentioned or implied

From this reading The Germans punished some of their spies in this way; in other cases, when a man was to be discarded who had ceased to be useful, another spy had been appointed to betray him for the advantage that the betrayal would bring to the informer.

perforceadverbUS /pərˈfɔːrs/

by necessity; by force of circumstance

From this reading Ruth had told that truth, perforce, to George Byrne with the result that he had condemned her; and, when meeting this condemnation, she had said that Gerry must know that she was loyal.

principlenounUS /ˈprɪnsəpəl/

a basic generalization that is accepted as true and that can be used as a basis for reasoning or conduct

From this reading She had betrayed De Trevenac; but it was a known principle of the German spy organization that, at certain times and under certain circumstances, one agent would betray another.

punishedadjectiveUS /ˈpʌnɪʃt/

subjected to a penalty (as pain or shame or restraint or loss) for an offense or fault or in order to coerce some behavior (as a confession or obedience)

From this reading The Germans punished some of their spies in this way; in other cases, when a man was to be discarded who had ceased to be useful, another spy had been appointed to betray him for the advantage that the betrayal would bring to the informer.

QuestionsnounUS /ˈkwestʃənz/

plural of “question” — an instance of questioning

From this reading Questions crowded upon her which, she knew, must come to him.

resultnounUS /rɪˈzʌlt/

a phenomenon that follows and is caused by some previous phenomenon

From this reading Ruth had told that truth, perforce, to George Byrne with the result that he had condemned her; and, when meeting this condemnation, she had said that Gerry must know that she was loyal.

RuthnounUS /ruːθ/

United States professional baseball player famous for hitting home runs (1895-1948)

From this reading Ruth had told that truth, perforce, to George Byrne with the result that he had condemned her; and, when meeting this condemnation, she had said that Gerry must know that she was loyal.

saidadjectiveUS /sed/

being the one previously mentioned or spoken of

From this reading Ruth had told that truth, perforce, to George Byrne with the result that he had condemned her; and, when meeting this condemnation, she had said that Gerry must know that she was loyal.

shepronounUS /ʃiː/

a woman, girl, or female animal already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading Ruth had told that truth, perforce, to George Byrne with the result that he had condemned her; and, when meeting this condemnation, she had said that Gerry must know that she was loyal.

someadjectiveUS /sʌm/

(quantifier) used with either mass nouns or plural count nouns to indicate an unspecified number or quantity

From this reading The Germans punished some of their spies in this way; in other cases, when a man was to be discarded who had ceased to be useful, another spy had been appointed to betray him for the advantage that the betrayal would bring to the informer.

spiesnounUS /spaɪz/

plural of “spy” — (military) a secret agent hired by a state to obtain information about its enemies or by a business to obtain industrial secrets from competitors

From this reading The Germans punished some of their spies in this way; in other cases, when a man was to be discarded who had ceased to be useful, another spy had been appointed to betray him for the advantage that the betrayal would bring to the informer.

spyverbUS /spaɪ/

catch sight of

From this reading She had betrayed De Trevenac; but it was a known principle of the German spy organization that, at certain times and under certain circumstances, one agent would betray another.

thatconjunctionUS /ðæt/

used to introduce what somebody said, thought, or felt

From this reading Ruth had told that truth, perforce, to George Byrne with the result that he had condemned her; and, when meeting this condemnation, she had said that Gerry must know that she was loyal.

thedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading Ruth had told that truth, perforce, to George Byrne with the result that he had condemned her; and, when meeting this condemnation, she had said that Gerry must know that she was loyal.

theirdeterminerUS /ðer/

belonging to the people or things already mentioned

From this reading The Germans punished some of their spies in this way; in other cases, when a man was to be discarded who had ceased to be useful, another spy had been appointed to betray him for the advantage that the betrayal would bring to the informer.

thisdeterminerUS /ðɪs/

used for a person or thing that is near, or that has just been mentioned

From this reading Ruth had told that truth, perforce, to George Byrne with the result that he had condemned her; and, when meeting this condemnation, she had said that Gerry must know that she was loyal.

timesnounUS /taɪmz/

a more or less definite period of time now or previously present

From this reading She had betrayed De Trevenac; but it was a known principle of the German spy organization that, at certain times and under certain circumstances, one agent would betray another.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading Ruth had told that truth, perforce, to George Byrne with the result that he had condemned her; and, when meeting this condemnation, she had said that Gerry must know that she was loyal.

toldverbUS /toʊld/

inflected form of “tell” — express in words

From this reading Ruth had told that truth, perforce, to George Byrne with the result that he had condemned her; and, when meeting this condemnation, she had said that Gerry must know that she was loyal.

Trevenac

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading She had betrayed De Trevenac; but it was a known principle of the German spy organization that, at certain times and under certain circumstances, one agent would betray another.

truthnounUS /truːθ/

a fact that has been verified

From this reading Ruth had told that truth, perforce, to George Byrne with the result that he had condemned her; and, when meeting this condemnation, she had said that Gerry must know that she was loyal.

underprepositionUS /ˈʌndər/

below or beneath something; less than

From this reading She had betrayed De Trevenac; but it was a known principle of the German spy organization that, at certain times and under certain circumstances, one agent would betray another.

uponprepositionUS /əˈpɑːn/

a formal word for “on”

From this reading Questions crowded upon her which, she knew, must come to him.

usefuladjectiveUS /ˈjuːsfəl/

being of use or service

From this reading The Germans punished some of their spies in this way; in other cases, when a man was to be discarded who had ceased to be useful, another spy had been appointed to betray him for the advantage that the betrayal would bring to the informer.

wasauxiliary verbUS /wɑːz/

the past form of “be” used with I, he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading Ruth had told that truth, perforce, to George Byrne with the result that he had condemned her; and, when meeting this condemnation, she had said that Gerry must know that she was loyal.

waynounUS /weɪ/

how something is done or how it happens

From this reading The Germans punished some of their spies in this way; in other cases, when a man was to be discarded who had ceased to be useful, another spy had been appointed to betray him for the advantage that the betrayal would bring to the informer.

whenconjunctionUS /wen/

at the time that

From this reading Ruth had told that truth, perforce, to George Byrne with the result that he had condemned her; and, when meeting this condemnation, she had said that Gerry must know that she was loyal.

whichpronounUS /wɪtʃ/

used to introduce a clause giving more about a thing just mentioned

From this reading Questions crowded upon her which, she knew, must come to him.

whopronounUS /huː/

which person or people

From this reading The Germans punished some of their spies in this way; in other cases, when a man was to be discarded who had ceased to be useful, another spy had been appointed to betray him for the advantage that the betrayal would bring to the informer.

withprepositionUS /wɪð/

in the company of; together with

From this reading Ruth had told that truth, perforce, to George Byrne with the result that he had condemned her; and, when meeting this condemnation, she had said that Gerry must know that she was loyal.

wouldmodal verbUS /wʊd/

used for something imagined, polite, or habitual in the past

From this reading She had betrayed De Trevenac; but it was a known principle of the German spy organization that, at certain times and under certain circumstances, one agent would betray another.

Chapter 16 of Ruth of the U. S. A. by Edwin Balmer holds 219 sentences, grouped into 44 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 16 of Ruth of the U. S. A. contain?

Chapter 16 holds 219 sentences of Ruth of the U. S. A., unabridged, divided into 44 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 16 of Ruth of the U. S. A. by Edwin Balmer exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 219 sentences, grouped into 44 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 16 of Ruth of the U. S. A.?

Work through the 44 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 44 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 16 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 16 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading Ruth of the U. S. A.

Common questions about reading Ruth of the U. S. A. by Edwin Balmer on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of Ruth of the U. S. A.?

Yes. All 4999 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #68296 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of Ruth of the U. S. A. is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #68296, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does Ruth of the U. S. A. take to read?

About 416 minutes of reading across 1000 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

How to read Ruth of the U. S. A. section by section

How to work through Ruth of the U. S. A. section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.

  1. Open a chapter

    Choose one of the 23 chapters of Ruth of the U. S. A. to begin.

  2. Read one section

    Each section holds 5 sentences; read it once through.

  3. Listen and tap

    Play the section aloud, then tap any unfamiliar word for its entry.

Vocabulary met early in Ruth of the U. S. A.

Words and structures a reader meets early in Ruth of the U. S. A., each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Mcclurg
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Ruth of the U. S. A.; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Published
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Ruth of the U. S. A.; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
March
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Ruth of the U. S. A.; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Memory
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Ruth of the U. S. A.; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.