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Ruth of the U. S. A.
Ruth of the U. S. A.

Chapter XXI · An Officers’ Prison

Chapter XXI of Ruth of the U. S. A., “An Officers’ Prison,” is here in full — 249 sentences across 50 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

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Context Illustration Reading 1/49 · 5 lines
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Gerry, when shot down over the German lines, had succeeded in making that “some sort of landing” which his comrades had reported.
There was an axiom, taught in the training camps to give confidence to cadets, which said that when a pilot once gets his wheels squarely on the ground, he will not be killed, though his machine may be badly smashed.
Gerry, in his landing, had tested this axiom to its utmost; for he had had sufficient control of his ship, at the last, to put his wheels square to the ground; and though his machine was wholly wrecked, he was not killed.
He was painfully shaken and battered; but so excellently was his ship planned to protect the pilot in a “crash,” that he was not even seriously injured.
Indeed, after the German soldiers dragged him out he was able to stand--and was quite able, so the German intelligence officers decided, to undergo an ordeal intended to make him divulge information.
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LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
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A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

Ruth of the U. S. A.

Chapter XXI · An Officers’ Prison

Chapter XXI of Ruth of the U. S. A., “An Officers’ Prison,” is here in full — 249 sentences across 50 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/49 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
Gerry, when shot down over the German lines, had succeeded in making that “some sort of landing” which his comrades had reported.
Line 2
There was an axiom, taught in the training camps to give confidence to cadets, which said that when a pilot once gets his wheels squarely on the ground, he will not be killed, though his machine may be badly smashed.
/ðer wɑːz æn ˈæksiəm tɔːt ɪn ðə ˈtreɪnɪŋ kæmps tuː ɡɪv ˈkɑːnfədəns tuː kəˈdets wɪtʃ sed ðæt wen ə ˈpaɪlət wʌns ɡets hɪz wiːlz ˈskwerli ɑːn ðə ɡraʊnd hiː wɪl nɑːt biː kɪld ðoʊ hɪz məˈʃiːn meɪ biː ˈbædli smæʃt/
Line 3
Gerry, in his landing, had tested this axiom to its utmost; for he had had sufficient control of his ship, at the last, to put his wheels square to the ground; and though his machine was wholly wrecked, he was not killed.
Line 4
He was painfully shaken and battered; but so excellently was his ship planned to protect the pilot in a “crash,” that he was not even seriously injured.
/hiː wɑːz ˈpeɪnfəli ˈʃeɪkən ənd ˈbætərd bʌt soʊ ˈeksələntli wɑːz hɪz ʃɪp plænd tuː prəˈtekt ðə ˈpaɪlət ɪn ə kræʃ ðæt hiː wɑːz nɑːt ˈiːvɪn ˈsɪriəsli ˈɪndʒərd/
Line 5
Indeed, after the German soldiers dragged him out he was able to stand--and was quite able, so the German intelligence officers decided, to undergo an ordeal intended to make him divulge information.

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

axiom noun US /ˈæksiəm/

a saying that is widely accepted on its own merits

From this reading “There was an axiom, taught in the training camps to give confidence to cadets, which said that when a pilot once gets his wheels squarely on the ground, he will not be killed, though his machine may be badly smashed.”

cadets noun US /kəˈdets/

plural of “cadet” — a military trainee (as at a military academy)

From this reading “There was an axiom, taught in the training camps to give confidence to cadets, which said that when a pilot once gets his wheels squarely on the ground, he will not be killed, though his machine may be badly smashed.”

camps noun US /kæmps/

plural of “camp” — temporary living quarters specially built by the army for soldiers

From this reading “There was an axiom, taught in the training camps to give confidence to cadets, which said that when a pilot once gets his wheels squarely on the ground, he will not be killed, though his machine may be badly smashed.”

divulge verb US /dɪˈvʌldʒ/

make known to the public information that was previously known only to a few people or that was meant to be kept a secret

From this reading “Indeed, after the German soldiers dragged him out he was able to stand--and was quite able, so the German intelligence officers decided, to undergo an ordeal intended to make him divulge information.”

excellently adverb US /ˈeksələntli/

extremely well

From this reading “He was painfully shaken and battered; but so excellently was his ship planned to protect the pilot in a “crash,” that he was not even seriously injured.”

squarely adverb US /ˈskwerli/

directly and without evasion; not roundabout

From this reading “There was an axiom, taught in the training camps to give confidence to cadets, which said that when a pilot once gets his wheels squarely on the ground, he will not be killed, though his machine may be badly smashed.”

tested adjective US /ˈtestɪd/

tested and proved useful or correct

From this reading “Gerry, in his landing, had tested this axiom to its utmost; for he had had sufficient control of his ship, at the last, to put his wheels square to the ground; and though his machine was wholly wrecked, he was not killed.”

undergo verb US /ˌʌndərˈɡoʊ/

pass through

From this reading “Indeed, after the German soldiers dragged him out he was able to stand--and was quite able, so the German intelligence officers decided, to undergo an ordeal intended to make him divulge information.”

Word partnerships in these lines

English keeps certain words together, and knowing the pair is worth more than knowing each word alone. Every partnership below was counted across our whole published library, and earns its place by appearing far more often than two unrelated words of the same frequency would.

Shown as this reading writes them, with the form the library counts, what kind of pairing it is, and how often it occurs.

seriously injured adverb + adjective

In this reading “He was painfully shaken and battered; but so excellently was his ship planned to protect the pilot in a “crash,” that he was not even seriously injured.”

training camps noun + noun counted as “training camp”

In this reading “There was an axiom, taught in the training camps to give confidence to cadets, which said that when a pilot once gets his wheels squarely on the ground, he will not be killed, though his machine may be badly smashed.”

some sort adjective + noun

In this reading “Gerry, when shot down over the German lines, had succeeded in making that “some sort of landing” which his comrades had reported.”

on the ground preposition + article + noun counted as “on … ground”

In this reading “There was an axiom, taught in the training camps to give confidence to cadets, which said that when a pilot once gets his wheels squarely on the ground, he will not be killed, though his machine may be badly smashed.”

succeeded in verb + particle counted as “succeed in”

In this reading “Gerry, when shot down over the German lines, had succeeded in making that “some sort of landing” which his comrades had reported.”

All words in this reading · 96

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading There was an axiom, taught in the training camps to give confidence to cadets, which said that when a pilot once gets his wheels squarely on the ground, he will not be killed, though his machine may be badly smashed.

ableadjectiveUS /ˈeɪbəl/

(usually followed by “to”) having the necessary means or skill or know-how or authority to do something

From this reading Indeed, after the German soldiers dragged him out he was able to stand--and was quite able, so the German intelligence officers decided, to undergo an ordeal intended to make him divulge information.

afterprepositionUS /ˈæftər/

later than; following

From this reading Indeed, after the German soldiers dragged him out he was able to stand--and was quite able, so the German intelligence officers decided, to undergo an ordeal intended to make him divulge information.

andeterminerUS /æn/

the form of “a” used before a word that begins with a vowel sound

From this reading There was an axiom, taught in the training camps to give confidence to cadets, which said that when a pilot once gets his wheels squarely on the ground, he will not be killed, though his machine may be badly smashed.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading Gerry, in his landing, had tested this axiom to its utmost; for he had had sufficient control of his ship, at the last, to put his wheels square to the ground; and though his machine was wholly wrecked, he was not killed.

atprepositionUS /æt/

in or near a particular place or position

From this reading Gerry, in his landing, had tested this axiom to its utmost; for he had had sufficient control of his ship, at the last, to put his wheels square to the ground; and though his machine was wholly wrecked, he was not killed.

axiomnounUS /ˈæksiəm/

a saying that is widely accepted on its own merits

From this reading There was an axiom, taught in the training camps to give confidence to cadets, which said that when a pilot once gets his wheels squarely on the ground, he will not be killed, though his machine may be badly smashed.

badlyadverbUS /ˈbædli/

to a severe or serious degree

From this reading There was an axiom, taught in the training camps to give confidence to cadets, which said that when a pilot once gets his wheels squarely on the ground, he will not be killed, though his machine may be badly smashed.

batteredadjectiveUS /ˈbætərd/

damaged by blows or hard usage

From this reading He was painfully shaken and battered; but so excellently was his ship planned to protect the pilot in a “crash,” that he was not even seriously injured.

beauxiliary verbUS /biː/

used with a past participle to form the passive, or with -ing for continuous tenses

From this reading There was an axiom, taught in the training camps to give confidence to cadets, which said that when a pilot once gets his wheels squarely on the ground, he will not be killed, though his machine may be badly smashed.

butconjunctionUS /bʌt/

used to introduce something that contrasts with what came before

From this reading He was painfully shaken and battered; but so excellently was his ship planned to protect the pilot in a “crash,” that he was not even seriously injured.

cadetsnounUS /kəˈdets/

plural of “cadet” — a military trainee (as at a military academy)

From this reading There was an axiom, taught in the training camps to give confidence to cadets, which said that when a pilot once gets his wheels squarely on the ground, he will not be killed, though his machine may be badly smashed.

campsnounUS /kæmps/

plural of “camp” — temporary living quarters specially built by the army for soldiers

From this reading There was an axiom, taught in the training camps to give confidence to cadets, which said that when a pilot once gets his wheels squarely on the ground, he will not be killed, though his machine may be badly smashed.

comradesnounUS /ˈkɑːmrædz/

plural of “comrade” — a friend who is frequently in the company of another

From this reading Gerry, when shot down over the German lines, had succeeded in making that “some sort of landing” which his comrades had reported.

confidencenounUS /ˈkɑːnfədəns/

freedom from doubt; belief in yourself and your abilities

From this reading There was an axiom, taught in the training camps to give confidence to cadets, which said that when a pilot once gets his wheels squarely on the ground, he will not be killed, though his machine may be badly smashed.

controlnounUS /kənˈtroʊl/

power to direct or determine

From this reading Gerry, in his landing, had tested this axiom to its utmost; for he had had sufficient control of his ship, at the last, to put his wheels square to the ground; and though his machine was wholly wrecked, he was not killed.

crashverbUS /kræʃ/

fall or come down violently

From this reading He was painfully shaken and battered; but so excellently was his ship planned to protect the pilot in a “crash,” that he was not even seriously injured.

decidedadjectiveUS /ˌdɪˈsaɪdɪd/

recognizable; marked

From this reading Indeed, after the German soldiers dragged him out he was able to stand--and was quite able, so the German intelligence officers decided, to undergo an ordeal intended to make him divulge information.

divulgeverbUS /dɪˈvʌldʒ/

make known to the public information that was previously known only to a few people or that was meant to be kept a secret

From this reading Indeed, after the German soldiers dragged him out he was able to stand--and was quite able, so the German intelligence officers decided, to undergo an ordeal intended to make him divulge information.

downadjectiveUS /daʊn/

being or moving lower in position or less in some value

From this reading Gerry, when shot down over the German lines, had succeeded in making that “some sort of landing” which his comrades had reported.

draggedverbUS /dræɡd/

inflected form of “drag” — pull, as against a resistance

From this reading Indeed, after the German soldiers dragged him out he was able to stand--and was quite able, so the German intelligence officers decided, to undergo an ordeal intended to make him divulge information.

evenadjectiveUS /ˈiːvɪn/

divisible by two

From this reading He was painfully shaken and battered; but so excellently was his ship planned to protect the pilot in a “crash,” that he was not even seriously injured.

excellentlyadverbUS /ˈeksələntli/

extremely well

From this reading He was painfully shaken and battered; but so excellently was his ship planned to protect the pilot in a “crash,” that he was not even seriously injured.

forprepositionUS /fɔːr/

intended to be given to, or used by, somebody

From this reading Gerry, in his landing, had tested this axiom to its utmost; for he had had sufficient control of his ship, at the last, to put his wheels square to the ground; and though his machine was wholly wrecked, he was not killed.

GermannounUS /ˈdʒɜːrmən/

a person of German nationality

From this reading Gerry, when shot down over the German lines, had succeeded in making that “some sort of landing” which his comrades had reported.

Gerry

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Gerry, when shot down over the German lines, had succeeded in making that “some sort of landing” which his comrades had reported.

getsnounUS /ɡets/

plural of “get” — a return on a shot that seemed impossible to reach and would normally have resulted in a point for the opponent

From this reading There was an axiom, taught in the training camps to give confidence to cadets, which said that when a pilot once gets his wheels squarely on the ground, he will not be killed, though his machine may be badly smashed.

giveverbUS /ɡɪv/

cause to have, in the abstract sense or physical sense

From this reading There was an axiom, taught in the training camps to give confidence to cadets, which said that when a pilot once gets his wheels squarely on the ground, he will not be killed, though his machine may be badly smashed.

groundnounUS /ɡraʊnd/

the solid part of the earth's surface

From this reading There was an axiom, taught in the training camps to give confidence to cadets, which said that when a pilot once gets his wheels squarely on the ground, he will not be killed, though his machine may be badly smashed.

hadauxiliary verbUS /hæd/

the past form of “have”, used to form the past perfect

From this reading Gerry, when shot down over the German lines, had succeeded in making that “some sort of landing” which his comrades had reported.

hepronounUS /hiː/

a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading There was an axiom, taught in the training camps to give confidence to cadets, which said that when a pilot once gets his wheels squarely on the ground, he will not be killed, though his machine may be badly smashed.

himpronounUS /hɪm/

the male already mentioned, as the object of a verb or preposition

From this reading Indeed, after the German soldiers dragged him out he was able to stand--and was quite able, so the German intelligence officers decided, to undergo an ordeal intended to make him divulge information.

hisdeterminerUS /hɪz/

belonging to a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned

From this reading Gerry, when shot down over the German lines, had succeeded in making that “some sort of landing” which his comrades had reported.

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading Gerry, when shot down over the German lines, had succeeded in making that “some sort of landing” which his comrades had reported.

IndeedadverbUS /ˌɪnˈdiːd/

in truth (often tends to intensify)

From this reading Indeed, after the German soldiers dragged him out he was able to stand--and was quite able, so the German intelligence officers decided, to undergo an ordeal intended to make him divulge information.

informationnounUS /ˌɪnfərˈmeɪʃən/

a message received and understood

From this reading Indeed, after the German soldiers dragged him out he was able to stand--and was quite able, so the German intelligence officers decided, to undergo an ordeal intended to make him divulge information.

injuredadjectiveUS /ˈɪndʒərd/

harmed

From this reading He was painfully shaken and battered; but so excellently was his ship planned to protect the pilot in a “crash,” that he was not even seriously injured.

intelligencenounUS /ˌɪnˈtelədʒəns/

the ability to comprehend; to understand and profit from experience

From this reading Indeed, after the German soldiers dragged him out he was able to stand--and was quite able, so the German intelligence officers decided, to undergo an ordeal intended to make him divulge information.

intendedadjectiveUS /ˌɪnˈtendɪd/

resulting from one's intentions

From this reading Indeed, after the German soldiers dragged him out he was able to stand--and was quite able, so the German intelligence officers decided, to undergo an ordeal intended to make him divulge information.

itsdeterminerUS /ɪts/

belonging to the thing or animal already mentioned

From this reading Gerry, in his landing, had tested this axiom to its utmost; for he had had sufficient control of his ship, at the last, to put his wheels square to the ground; and though his machine was wholly wrecked, he was not killed.

killedverbUS /kɪld/

past form of “kill” — cause to die; put to death, usually intentionally or knowingly

From this reading There was an axiom, taught in the training camps to give confidence to cadets, which said that when a pilot once gets his wheels squarely on the ground, he will not be killed, though his machine may be badly smashed.

landingnounUS /ˈlændɪŋ/

an intermediate platform in a staircase

From this reading Gerry, when shot down over the German lines, had succeeded in making that “some sort of landing” which his comrades had reported.

lastadjectiveUS /læst/

immediately past

From this reading Gerry, in his landing, had tested this axiom to its utmost; for he had had sufficient control of his ship, at the last, to put his wheels square to the ground; and though his machine was wholly wrecked, he was not killed.

linesnounUS /laɪnz/

plural of “line” — a formation of people or things one beside another

From this reading Gerry, when shot down over the German lines, had succeeded in making that “some sort of landing” which his comrades had reported.

machinenounUS /məˈʃiːn/

any mechanical or electrical device that transmits or modifies energy to perform or assist in the performance of human tasks

From this reading There was an axiom, taught in the training camps to give confidence to cadets, which said that when a pilot once gets his wheels squarely on the ground, he will not be killed, though his machine may be badly smashed.

makeverbUS /meɪk/

engage in

From this reading Indeed, after the German soldiers dragged him out he was able to stand--and was quite able, so the German intelligence officers decided, to undergo an ordeal intended to make him divulge information.

makingnounUS /ˈmeɪkɪŋ/

the act that results in something coming to be

From this reading Gerry, when shot down over the German lines, had succeeded in making that “some sort of landing” which his comrades had reported.

maymodal verbUS /meɪ/

used to say something is possible, or to give permission

From this reading There was an axiom, taught in the training camps to give confidence to cadets, which said that when a pilot once gets his wheels squarely on the ground, he will not be killed, though his machine may be badly smashed.

notadverbUS /nɑːt/

used to make a word, phrase, or sentence negative

From this reading There was an axiom, taught in the training camps to give confidence to cadets, which said that when a pilot once gets his wheels squarely on the ground, he will not be killed, though his machine may be badly smashed.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading Gerry, when shot down over the German lines, had succeeded in making that “some sort of landing” which his comrades had reported.

officersnounUS /ˈɔːfəsərz/

plural of “officer” — any person in the armed services who holds a position of authority or command

From this reading Indeed, after the German soldiers dragged him out he was able to stand--and was quite able, so the German intelligence officers decided, to undergo an ordeal intended to make him divulge information.

onprepositionUS /ɑːn/

touching and supported by a surface

From this reading There was an axiom, taught in the training camps to give confidence to cadets, which said that when a pilot once gets his wheels squarely on the ground, he will not be killed, though his machine may be badly smashed.

onceadverbUS /wʌns/

on one occasion

From this reading There was an axiom, taught in the training camps to give confidence to cadets, which said that when a pilot once gets his wheels squarely on the ground, he will not be killed, though his machine may be badly smashed.

ordealnounUS /ɔːrˈdiːl/

a severe or trying experience

From this reading Indeed, after the German soldiers dragged him out he was able to stand--and was quite able, so the German intelligence officers decided, to undergo an ordeal intended to make him divulge information.

outadjectiveUS /aʊt/

not allowed to continue to bat or run

From this reading Indeed, after the German soldiers dragged him out he was able to stand--and was quite able, so the German intelligence officers decided, to undergo an ordeal intended to make him divulge information.

overprepositionUS /ˈoʊvər/

above and across; more than

From this reading Gerry, when shot down over the German lines, had succeeded in making that “some sort of landing” which his comrades had reported.

painfullyadverbUS /ˈpeɪnfəli/

unpleasantly

From this reading He was painfully shaken and battered; but so excellently was his ship planned to protect the pilot in a “crash,” that he was not even seriously injured.

pilotverbUS /ˈpaɪlət/

operate an airplane

From this reading There was an axiom, taught in the training camps to give confidence to cadets, which said that when a pilot once gets his wheels squarely on the ground, he will not be killed, though his machine may be badly smashed.

plannedadjectiveUS /plænd/

designed or carried out according to a plan

From this reading He was painfully shaken and battered; but so excellently was his ship planned to protect the pilot in a “crash,” that he was not even seriously injured.

protectverbUS /prəˈtekt/

shield from danger, injury, destruction, or damage

From this reading He was painfully shaken and battered; but so excellently was his ship planned to protect the pilot in a “crash,” that he was not even seriously injured.

putverbUS /pʊt/

put into a certain place or abstract location

From this reading Gerry, in his landing, had tested this axiom to its utmost; for he had had sufficient control of his ship, at the last, to put his wheels square to the ground; and though his machine was wholly wrecked, he was not killed.

quiteadverbUS /kwaɪt/

to a degree (not used with a negative)

From this reading Indeed, after the German soldiers dragged him out he was able to stand--and was quite able, so the German intelligence officers decided, to undergo an ordeal intended to make him divulge information.

reportedadjectiveUS /ˌriːˈpɔːrtɪd/

made known or told about; especially presented in a formal account

From this reading Gerry, when shot down over the German lines, had succeeded in making that “some sort of landing” which his comrades had reported.

saidadjectiveUS /sed/

being the one previously mentioned or spoken of

From this reading There was an axiom, taught in the training camps to give confidence to cadets, which said that when a pilot once gets his wheels squarely on the ground, he will not be killed, though his machine may be badly smashed.

seriouslyadverbUS /ˈsɪriəsli/

in a serious manner

From this reading He was painfully shaken and battered; but so excellently was his ship planned to protect the pilot in a “crash,” that he was not even seriously injured.

shakenadjectiveUS /ˈʃeɪkən/

disturbed psychologically as if by a physical jolt or shock

From this reading He was painfully shaken and battered; but so excellently was his ship planned to protect the pilot in a “crash,” that he was not even seriously injured.

shipverbUS /ʃɪp/

transport commercially

From this reading Gerry, in his landing, had tested this axiom to its utmost; for he had had sufficient control of his ship, at the last, to put his wheels square to the ground; and though his machine was wholly wrecked, he was not killed.

shotnounUS /ʃɑːt/

the act of firing a projectile

From this reading Gerry, when shot down over the German lines, had succeeded in making that “some sort of landing” which his comrades had reported.

smashedadjectiveUS /smæʃt/

very drunk

From this reading There was an axiom, taught in the training camps to give confidence to cadets, which said that when a pilot once gets his wheels squarely on the ground, he will not be killed, though his machine may be badly smashed.

soconjunctionUS /soʊ/

for that reason; with the result that

From this reading He was painfully shaken and battered; but so excellently was his ship planned to protect the pilot in a “crash,” that he was not even seriously injured.

soldiersnounUS /ˈsoʊldʒərz/

plural of “soldier” — an enlisted man or woman who serves in an army

From this reading Indeed, after the German soldiers dragged him out he was able to stand--and was quite able, so the German intelligence officers decided, to undergo an ordeal intended to make him divulge information.

someadjectiveUS /sʌm/

(quantifier) used with either mass nouns or plural count nouns to indicate an unspecified number or quantity

From this reading Gerry, when shot down over the German lines, had succeeded in making that “some sort of landing” which his comrades had reported.

sortnounUS /sɔːrt/

a category of things distinguished by some common characteristic or quality

From this reading Gerry, when shot down over the German lines, had succeeded in making that “some sort of landing” which his comrades had reported.

squareverbUS /skwer/

make square

From this reading Gerry, in his landing, had tested this axiom to its utmost; for he had had sufficient control of his ship, at the last, to put his wheels square to the ground; and though his machine was wholly wrecked, he was not killed.

squarelyadverbUS /ˈskwerli/

directly and without evasion; not roundabout

From this reading There was an axiom, taught in the training camps to give confidence to cadets, which said that when a pilot once gets his wheels squarely on the ground, he will not be killed, though his machine may be badly smashed.

standverbUS /stænd/

be standing; be upright

From this reading Indeed, after the German soldiers dragged him out he was able to stand--and was quite able, so the German intelligence officers decided, to undergo an ordeal intended to make him divulge information.

succeededverbUS /səkˈsiːdɪd/

past form of “succeed” — attain success or reach a desired goal

From this reading Gerry, when shot down over the German lines, had succeeded in making that “some sort of landing” which his comrades had reported.

sufficientadjectiveUS /səˈfɪʃənt/

of a quantity that can fulfill a need or requirement but without being abundant

From this reading Gerry, in his landing, had tested this axiom to its utmost; for he had had sufficient control of his ship, at the last, to put his wheels square to the ground; and though his machine was wholly wrecked, he was not killed.

taughtverbUS /tɔːt/

inflected form of “teach” — impart skills or knowledge to

From this reading There was an axiom, taught in the training camps to give confidence to cadets, which said that when a pilot once gets his wheels squarely on the ground, he will not be killed, though his machine may be badly smashed.

testedadjectiveUS /ˈtestɪd/

tested and proved useful or correct

From this reading Gerry, in his landing, had tested this axiom to its utmost; for he had had sufficient control of his ship, at the last, to put his wheels square to the ground; and though his machine was wholly wrecked, he was not killed.

thatconjunctionUS /ðæt/

used to introduce what somebody said, thought, or felt

From this reading Gerry, when shot down over the German lines, had succeeded in making that “some sort of landing” which his comrades had reported.

thedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading Gerry, when shot down over the German lines, had succeeded in making that “some sort of landing” which his comrades had reported.

ThereadverbUS /ðer/

in or at that place or location

From this reading There was an axiom, taught in the training camps to give confidence to cadets, which said that when a pilot once gets his wheels squarely on the ground, he will not be killed, though his machine may be badly smashed.

thisdeterminerUS /ðɪs/

used for a person or thing that is near, or that has just been mentioned

From this reading Gerry, in his landing, had tested this axiom to its utmost; for he had had sufficient control of his ship, at the last, to put his wheels square to the ground; and though his machine was wholly wrecked, he was not killed.

thoughconjunctionUS /ðoʊ/

in spite of the fact that

From this reading There was an axiom, taught in the training camps to give confidence to cadets, which said that when a pilot once gets his wheels squarely on the ground, he will not be killed, though his machine may be badly smashed.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading There was an axiom, taught in the training camps to give confidence to cadets, which said that when a pilot once gets his wheels squarely on the ground, he will not be killed, though his machine may be badly smashed.

trainingnounUS /ˈtreɪnɪŋ/

activity leading to skilled behavior

From this reading There was an axiom, taught in the training camps to give confidence to cadets, which said that when a pilot once gets his wheels squarely on the ground, he will not be killed, though his machine may be badly smashed.

undergoverbUS /ˌʌndərˈɡoʊ/

pass through

From this reading Indeed, after the German soldiers dragged him out he was able to stand--and was quite able, so the German intelligence officers decided, to undergo an ordeal intended to make him divulge information.

utmostadjectiveUS /ˈʌtmoʊst/

of the greatest possible degree or extent or intensity

From this reading Gerry, in his landing, had tested this axiom to its utmost; for he had had sufficient control of his ship, at the last, to put his wheels square to the ground; and though his machine was wholly wrecked, he was not killed.

wasauxiliary verbUS /wɑːz/

the past form of “be” used with I, he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading There was an axiom, taught in the training camps to give confidence to cadets, which said that when a pilot once gets his wheels squarely on the ground, he will not be killed, though his machine may be badly smashed.

wheelsnounUS /wiːlz/

plural of “wheel” — a simple machine consisting of a circular frame with spokes (or a solid disc) that can rotate on a shaft or axle (as in vehicles or other machines)

From this reading There was an axiom, taught in the training camps to give confidence to cadets, which said that when a pilot once gets his wheels squarely on the ground, he will not be killed, though his machine may be badly smashed.

whenconjunctionUS /wen/

at the time that

From this reading Gerry, when shot down over the German lines, had succeeded in making that “some sort of landing” which his comrades had reported.

whichpronounUS /wɪtʃ/

used to introduce a clause giving more about a thing just mentioned

From this reading Gerry, when shot down over the German lines, had succeeded in making that “some sort of landing” which his comrades had reported.

whollyadverbUS /ˈhoʊli/

to a complete degree or to the full or entire extent (“whole” is often used informally for “wholly”)

From this reading Gerry, in his landing, had tested this axiom to its utmost; for he had had sufficient control of his ship, at the last, to put his wheels square to the ground; and though his machine was wholly wrecked, he was not killed.

willmodal verbUS /wɪl/

used to talk about the future, or about willingness

From this reading There was an axiom, taught in the training camps to give confidence to cadets, which said that when a pilot once gets his wheels squarely on the ground, he will not be killed, though his machine may be badly smashed.

wreckedadjectiveUS /rekt/

destroyed in an accident

From this reading Gerry, in his landing, had tested this axiom to its utmost; for he had had sufficient control of his ship, at the last, to put his wheels square to the ground; and though his machine was wholly wrecked, he was not killed.

Chapter 21 of Ruth of the U. S. A. by Edwin Balmer holds 249 sentences, grouped into 50 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 21 of Ruth of the U. S. A. contain?

Chapter 21 holds 249 sentences of Ruth of the U. S. A., unabridged, divided into 50 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 21 of Ruth of the U. S. A. by Edwin Balmer exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 249 sentences, grouped into 50 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 21 of Ruth of the U. S. A.?

Work through the 50 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 50 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 21 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 21 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading Ruth of the U. S. A.

Common questions about reading Ruth of the U. S. A. by Edwin Balmer on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of Ruth of the U. S. A.?

Yes. All 4999 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #68296 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of Ruth of the U. S. A. is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #68296, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does Ruth of the U. S. A. take to read?

About 416 minutes of reading across 1000 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

How to read Ruth of the U. S. A. section by section

How to work through Ruth of the U. S. A. section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.

  1. Open a chapter

    Choose one of the 23 chapters of Ruth of the U. S. A. to begin.

  2. Read one section

    Each section holds 5 sentences; read it once through.

  3. Listen and tap

    Play the section aloud, then tap any unfamiliar word for its entry.

Vocabulary met early in Ruth of the U. S. A.

Words and structures a reader meets early in Ruth of the U. S. A., each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Mcclurg
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Ruth of the U. S. A.; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Published
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Ruth of the U. S. A.; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
March
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Ruth of the U. S. A.; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Memory
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Ruth of the U. S. A.; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.