Chapter IX · Chapter 9

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading The more shame to them, for being engaged in so rascally a business; though when the court and the king, Lorraine and the Guises, set the example of persecution, one can scarcely blame the lesser gentry, who wish to ingratiate themselves with the authorities, for doing the same.

touching and pressing; in opposition to

From this reading "Of the citizens we have got one of the magistrates, and four or five other prominent men; whom I know, by reputation, as having been among the foremost to stir up the people against the Huguenots.

surrounded by; in the middle of a group

From this reading "Among the gentlemen are several connected with some of the most important Catholic families of Poitou.

the form of “a” used before a word that begins with a vowel sound

From this reading "We have made an excellent haul," Francois said as, while awaiting the answer to their signal, they looked down the list of names.

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading The more shame to them, for being engaged in so rascally a business; though when the court and the king, Lorraine and the Guises, set the example of persecution, one can scarcely blame the lesser gentry, who wish to ingratiate themselves with the authorities, for doing the same.

react verbally

From this reading "We have made an excellent haul," Francois said as, while awaiting the answer to their signal, they looked down the list of names.

the form of “be” used with you, we, they, or a plural noun

From this reading "Among the gentlemen are several connected with some of the most important Catholic families of Poitou.

at the same time that; because; in the way that

From this reading "We have made an excellent haul," Francois said as, while awaiting the answer to their signal, they looked down the list of names.

the organization that is the governing authority of a political unit

From this reading The more shame to them, for being engaged in so rascally a business; though when the court and the king, Lorraine and the Guises, set the example of persecution, one can scarcely blame the lesser gentry, who wish to ingratiate themselves with the authorities, for doing the same.

-ing form of “await” — look forward to the probable occurrence of

From this reading "We have made an excellent haul," Francois said as, while awaiting the answer to their signal, they looked down the list of names.

the past participle of “be”

From this reading "Of the citizens we have got one of the magistrates, and four or five other prominent men; whom I know, by reputation, as having been among the foremost to stir up the people against the Huguenots.

the -ing form of “be”

From this reading The more shame to them, for being engaged in so rascally a business; though when the court and the king, Lorraine and the Guises, set the example of persecution, one can scarcely blame the lesser gentry, who wish to ingratiate themselves with the authorities, for doing the same.

put or pin the blame on

From this reading The more shame to them, for being engaged in so rascally a business; though when the court and the king, Lorraine and the Guises, set the example of persecution, one can scarcely blame the lesser gentry, who wish to ingratiate themselves with the authorities, for doing the same.

a commercial or industrial enterprise and the people who constitute it

From this reading The more shame to them, for being engaged in so rascally a business; though when the court and the king, Lorraine and the Guises, set the example of persecution, one can scarcely blame the lesser gentry, who wish to ingratiate themselves with the authorities, for doing the same.

showing who or what does the action

From this reading "Of the citizens we have got one of the magistrates, and four or five other prominent men; whom I know, by reputation, as having been among the foremost to stir up the people against the Huguenots.

to be able to, or to be allowed to

From this reading The more shame to them, for being engaged in so rascally a business; though when the court and the king, Lorraine and the Guises, set the example of persecution, one can scarcely blame the lesser gentry, who wish to ingratiate themselves with the authorities, for doing the same.

of or relating to or supporting Catholicism

From this reading "Among the gentlemen are several connected with some of the most important Catholic families of Poitou.

plural of “citizen” — a native or naturalized member of a state or other political community

From this reading "Of the citizens we have got one of the magistrates, and four or five other prominent men; whom I know, by reputation, as having been among the foremost to stir up the people against the Huguenots.

being joined in close association

From this reading "Among the gentlemen are several connected with some of the most important Catholic families of Poitou.

the past of “can”; used for possibility or polite requests

From this reading These fellows I could hang up with pleasure, and would do so, were it not that we need them to exchange for our friends.

an assembly (including one or more judges) to conduct judicial business

From this reading The more shame to them, for being engaged in so rascally a business; though when the court and the king, Lorraine and the Guises, set the example of persecution, one can scarcely blame the lesser gentry, who wish to ingratiate themselves with the authorities, for doing the same.

used to form questions and negatives, and to give emphasis

From this reading These fellows I could hang up with pleasure, and would do so, were it not that we need them to exchange for our friends.

-ing form of “do” — engage in

From this reading The more shame to them, for being engaged in so rascally a business; though when the court and the king, Lorraine and the Guises, set the example of persecution, one can scarcely blame the lesser gentry, who wish to ingratiate themselves with the authorities, for doing the same.

being or moving lower in position or less in some value

From this reading "We have made an excellent haul," Francois said as, while awaiting the answer to their signal, they looked down the list of names.

having ones attention or mind or energy engaged

From this reading The more shame to them, for being engaged in so rascally a business; though when the court and the king, Lorraine and the Guises, set the example of persecution, one can scarcely blame the lesser gentry, who wish to ingratiate themselves with the authorities, for doing the same.

an item of information that is typical of a class or group

From this reading The more shame to them, for being engaged in so rascally a business; though when the court and the king, Lorraine and the Guises, set the example of persecution, one can scarcely blame the lesser gentry, who wish to ingratiate themselves with the authorities, for doing the same.

very good; of the highest quality

From this reading "We have made an excellent haul," Francois said as, while awaiting the answer to their signal, they looked down the list of names.

chemical process in which one atom or ion or group changes places with another

From this reading These fellows I could hang up with pleasure, and would do so, were it not that we need them to exchange for our friends.

plural of “family” — a social unit living together

From this reading "Among the gentlemen are several connected with some of the most important Catholic families of Poitou.

plural of “fellow” — a boy or man

From this reading These fellows I could hang up with pleasure, and would do so, were it not that we need them to exchange for our friends.

the cardinal number that is the sum of four and one

From this reading "Of the citizens we have got one of the magistrates, and four or five other prominent men; whom I know, by reputation, as having been among the foremost to stir up the people against the Huguenots.

intended to be given to, or used by, somebody

From this reading The more shame to them, for being engaged in so rascally a business; though when the court and the king, Lorraine and the Guises, set the example of persecution, one can scarcely blame the lesser gentry, who wish to ingratiate themselves with the authorities, for doing the same.

ranking above all others

From this reading "Of the citizens we have got one of the magistrates, and four or five other prominent men; whom I know, by reputation, as having been among the foremost to stir up the people against the Huguenots.

the cardinal number that is the sum of three and one

From this reading "Of the citizens we have got one of the magistrates, and four or five other prominent men; whom I know, by reputation, as having been among the foremost to stir up the people against the Huguenots.

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading "We have made an excellent haul," Francois said as, while awaiting the answer to their signal, they looked down the list of names.

plural of “friend” — a person you know well and regard with affection and trust

From this reading These fellows I could hang up with pleasure, and would do so, were it not that we need them to exchange for our friends.

plural of “gentleman” — a man of refinement

From this reading "Among the gentlemen are several connected with some of the most important Catholic families of Poitou.

the most powerful members of a society

From this reading The more shame to them, for being engaged in so rascally a business; though when the court and the king, Lorraine and the Guises, set the example of persecution, one can scarcely blame the lesser gentry, who wish to ingratiate themselves with the authorities, for doing the same.

inflected form of “get” — come into the possession of something concrete or abstract

From this reading "Of the citizens we have got one of the magistrates, and four or five other prominent men; whom I know, by reputation, as having been among the foremost to stir up the people against the Huguenots.

plural of “guise” — an artful or simulated semblance

From this reading The more shame to them, for being engaged in so rascally a business; though when the court and the king, Lorraine and the Guises, set the example of persecution, one can scarcely blame the lesser gentry, who wish to ingratiate themselves with the authorities, for doing the same.

be suspended or hanging

From this reading These fellows I could hang up with pleasure, and would do so, were it not that we need them to exchange for our friends.

draw slowly or heavily

From this reading "We have made an excellent haul," Francois said as, while awaiting the answer to their signal, they looked down the list of names.

used with a past participle to form the perfect tenses

From this reading "We have made an excellent haul," Francois said as, while awaiting the answer to their signal, they looked down the list of names.

the -ing form of “have”

From this reading "Of the citizens we have got one of the magistrates, and four or five other prominent men; whom I know, by reputation, as having been among the foremost to stir up the people against the Huguenots.

plural of “huguenot” — a French Calvinist of the 16th or 17th centuries

From this reading "Of the citizens we have got one of the magistrates, and four or five other prominent men; whom I know, by reputation, as having been among the foremost to stir up the people against the Huguenots.

the person speaking or writing, as the subject of the verb

From this reading "Of the citizens we have got one of the magistrates, and four or five other prominent men; whom I know, by reputation, as having been among the foremost to stir up the people against the Huguenots.

of great significance or value

From this reading "Among the gentlemen are several connected with some of the most important Catholic families of Poitou.

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading The more shame to them, for being engaged in so rascally a business; though when the court and the king, Lorraine and the Guises, set the example of persecution, one can scarcely blame the lesser gentry, who wish to ingratiate themselves with the authorities, for doing the same.

gain favor with somebody by deliberate efforts

From this reading The more shame to them, for being engaged in so rascally a business; though when the court and the king, Lorraine and the Guises, set the example of persecution, one can scarcely blame the lesser gentry, who wish to ingratiate themselves with the authorities, for doing the same.

a thing, animal, or idea already mentioned

From this reading These fellows I could hang up with pleasure, and would do so, were it not that we need them to exchange for our friends.

a male sovereign; ruler of a kingdom

From this reading The more shame to them, for being engaged in so rascally a business; though when the court and the king, Lorraine and the Guises, set the example of persecution, one can scarcely blame the lesser gentry, who wish to ingratiate themselves with the authorities, for doing the same.

be cognizant or aware of a fact or a specific piece of information; possess knowledge or information about

From this reading "Of the citizens we have got one of the magistrates, and four or five other prominent men; whom I know, by reputation, as having been among the foremost to stir up the people against the Huguenots.

of less size or importance

From this reading The more shame to them, for being engaged in so rascally a business; though when the court and the king, Lorraine and the Guises, set the example of persecution, one can scarcely blame the lesser gentry, who wish to ingratiate themselves with the authorities, for doing the same.

give or make a list of; name individually; give the names of

From this reading "We have made an excellent haul," Francois said as, while awaiting the answer to their signal, they looked down the list of names.

past form of “look” — perceive with attention; direct one's gaze towards

From this reading "We have made an excellent haul," Francois said as, while awaiting the answer to their signal, they looked down the list of names.

an eastern French region rich in iron-ore deposits

From this reading The more shame to them, for being engaged in so rascally a business; though when the court and the king, Lorraine and the Guises, set the example of persecution, one can scarcely blame the lesser gentry, who wish to ingratiate themselves with the authorities, for doing the same.

produced by a manufacturing process

From this reading "We have made an excellent haul," Francois said as, while awaiting the answer to their signal, they looked down the list of names.

plural of “magistrate” — a lay judge or civil authority who administers the law (especially one who conducts a court dealing with minor offenses)

From this reading "Of the citizens we have got one of the magistrates, and four or five other prominent men; whom I know, by reputation, as having been among the foremost to stir up the people against the Huguenots.

the force of workers available

From this reading "Of the citizens we have got one of the magistrates, and four or five other prominent men; whom I know, by reputation, as having been among the foremost to stir up the people against the Huguenots.

(comparative of “much” used with mass nouns) a quantifier meaning greater in size or amount or extent or degree

From this reading The more shame to them, for being engaged in so rascally a business; though when the court and the king, Lorraine and the Guises, set the example of persecution, one can scarcely blame the lesser gentry, who wish to ingratiate themselves with the authorities, for doing the same.

used to form the superlative

From this reading "Among the gentlemen are several connected with some of the most important Catholic families of Poitou.

verbal abuse; a crude substitute for argument

From this reading "We have made an excellent haul," Francois said as, while awaiting the answer to their signal, they looked down the list of names.

a condition requiring relief

From this reading These fellows I could hang up with pleasure, and would do so, were it not that we need them to exchange for our friends.

used to make a word, phrase, or sentence negative

From this reading These fellows I could hang up with pleasure, and would do so, were it not that we need them to exchange for our friends.

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading "We have made an excellent haul," Francois said as, while awaiting the answer to their signal, they looked down the list of names.

used to mean any person in general, including the speaker

From this reading The more shame to them, for being engaged in so rascally a business; though when the court and the king, Lorraine and the Guises, set the example of persecution, one can scarcely blame the lesser gentry, who wish to ingratiate themselves with the authorities, for doing the same.

used to join alternatives or possibilities

From this reading "Of the citizens we have got one of the magistrates, and four or five other prominent men; whom I know, by reputation, as having been among the foremost to stir up the people against the Huguenots.

not the same one or ones already mentioned or implied

From this reading "Of the citizens we have got one of the magistrates, and four or five other prominent men; whom I know, by reputation, as having been among the foremost to stir up the people against the Huguenots.

belonging to the speaker and others

From this reading These fellows I could hang up with pleasure, and would do so, were it not that we need them to exchange for our friends.

(plural) any group of human beings (men or women or children) collectively

From this reading "Of the citizens we have got one of the magistrates, and four or five other prominent men; whom I know, by reputation, as having been among the foremost to stir up the people against the Huguenots.

the act of persecuting (especially on the basis of race or religion)

From this reading The more shame to them, for being engaged in so rascally a business; though when the court and the king, Lorraine and the Guises, set the example of persecution, one can scarcely blame the lesser gentry, who wish to ingratiate themselves with the authorities, for doing the same.

a fundamental feeling that is hard to define but that people desire to experience

From this reading These fellows I could hang up with pleasure, and would do so, were it not that we need them to exchange for our friends.

a low-lying region of west central France on the Bay of Biscay

From this reading "Among the gentlemen are several connected with some of the most important Catholic families of Poitou.

having a quality that thrusts itself into attention

From this reading "Of the citizens we have got one of the magistrates, and four or five other prominent men; whom I know, by reputation, as having been among the foremost to stir up the people against the Huguenots.

playful in an appealingly bold way

From this reading The more shame to them, for being engaged in so rascally a business; though when the court and the king, Lorraine and the Guises, set the example of persecution, one can scarcely blame the lesser gentry, who wish to ingratiate themselves with the authorities, for doing the same.

the state of being held in high esteem and honor

From this reading "Of the citizens we have got one of the magistrates, and four or five other prominent men; whom I know, by reputation, as having been among the foremost to stir up the people against the Huguenots.

being the one previously mentioned or spoken of

From this reading "We have made an excellent haul," Francois said as, while awaiting the answer to their signal, they looked down the list of names.

Identical; not different.

From this reading The more shame to them, for being engaged in so rascally a business; though when the court and the king, Lorraine and the Guises, set the example of persecution, one can scarcely blame the lesser gentry, who wish to ingratiate themselves with the authorities, for doing the same.

only a very short time before

From this reading The more shame to them, for being engaged in so rascally a business; though when the court and the king, Lorraine and the Guises, set the example of persecution, one can scarcely blame the lesser gentry, who wish to ingratiate themselves with the authorities, for doing the same.

put into a certain place or abstract location

From this reading The more shame to them, for being engaged in so rascally a business; though when the court and the king, Lorraine and the Guises, set the example of persecution, one can scarcely blame the lesser gentry, who wish to ingratiate themselves with the authorities, for doing the same.

(used with count nouns) of an indefinite number more than 2 or 3 but not many

From this reading "Among the gentlemen are several connected with some of the most important Catholic families of Poitou.

a painful emotion resulting from an awareness of inadequacy or guilt

From this reading The more shame to them, for being engaged in so rascally a business; though when the court and the king, Lorraine and the Guises, set the example of persecution, one can scarcely blame the lesser gentry, who wish to ingratiate themselves with the authorities, for doing the same.

any nonverbal action or gesture that encodes a message

From this reading "We have made an excellent haul," Francois said as, while awaiting the answer to their signal, they looked down the list of names.

for that reason; with the result that

From this reading The more shame to them, for being engaged in so rascally a business; though when the court and the king, Lorraine and the Guises, set the example of persecution, one can scarcely blame the lesser gentry, who wish to ingratiate themselves with the authorities, for doing the same.

(quantifier) used with either mass nouns or plural count nouns to indicate an unspecified number or quantity

From this reading "Among the gentlemen are several connected with some of the most important Catholic families of Poitou.

move an implement through

From this reading "Of the citizens we have got one of the magistrates, and four or five other prominent men; whom I know, by reputation, as having been among the foremost to stir up the people against the Huguenots.

used to introduce what somebody said, thought, or felt

From this reading These fellows I could hang up with pleasure, and would do so, were it not that we need them to exchange for our friends.

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading "We have made an excellent haul," Francois said as, while awaiting the answer to their signal, they looked down the list of names.

belonging to the people or things already mentioned

From this reading "We have made an excellent haul," Francois said as, while awaiting the answer to their signal, they looked down the list of names.

the people or things already mentioned, as the object

From this reading The more shame to them, for being engaged in so rascally a business; though when the court and the king, Lorraine and the Guises, set the example of persecution, one can scarcely blame the lesser gentry, who wish to ingratiate themselves with the authorities, for doing the same.

used when the people doing the action are also its object

From this reading The more shame to them, for being engaged in so rascally a business; though when the court and the king, Lorraine and the Guises, set the example of persecution, one can scarcely blame the lesser gentry, who wish to ingratiate themselves with the authorities, for doing the same.

the plural of “this”: the people or things near, or just mentioned

From this reading These fellows I could hang up with pleasure, and would do so, were it not that we need them to exchange for our friends.

the people, animals, or things already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading "We have made an excellent haul," Francois said as, while awaiting the answer to their signal, they looked down the list of names.

in spite of the fact that

From this reading The more shame to them, for being engaged in so rascally a business; though when the court and the king, Lorraine and the Guises, set the example of persecution, one can scarcely blame the lesser gentry, who wish to ingratiate themselves with the authorities, for doing the same.

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading "We have made an excellent haul," Francois said as, while awaiting the answer to their signal, they looked down the list of names.

being or moving higher in position or greater in some value; being above a former position or level

From this reading "Of the citizens we have got one of the magistrates, and four or five other prominent men; whom I know, by reputation, as having been among the foremost to stir up the people against the Huguenots.

the speaker together with one or more other people

From this reading "We have made an excellent haul," Francois said as, while awaiting the answer to their signal, they looked down the list of names.

the past form of “be” used with you, we, they, or a plural noun

From this reading These fellows I could hang up with pleasure, and would do so, were it not that we need them to exchange for our friends.

at the time that

From this reading The more shame to them, for being engaged in so rascally a business; though when the court and the king, Lorraine and the Guises, set the example of persecution, one can scarcely blame the lesser gentry, who wish to ingratiate themselves with the authorities, for doing the same.

during the time that

From this reading "We have made an excellent haul," Francois said as, while awaiting the answer to their signal, they looked down the list of names.

which person or people

From this reading The more shame to them, for being engaged in so rascally a business; though when the court and the king, Lorraine and the Guises, set the example of persecution, one can scarcely blame the lesser gentry, who wish to ingratiate themselves with the authorities, for doing the same.

the form of “who” used as the object of a verb or preposition

From this reading "Of the citizens we have got one of the magistrates, and four or five other prominent men; whom I know, by reputation, as having been among the foremost to stir up the people against the Huguenots.

hope for; have a wish

From this reading The more shame to them, for being engaged in so rascally a business; though when the court and the king, Lorraine and the Guises, set the example of persecution, one can scarcely blame the lesser gentry, who wish to ingratiate themselves with the authorities, for doing the same.

in the company of; together with

From this reading "Among the gentlemen are several connected with some of the most important Catholic families of Poitou.

used for something imagined, polite, or habitual in the past

From this reading These fellows I could hang up with pleasure, and would do so, were it not that we need them to exchange for our friends.