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Saint Joan
Saint Joan

Chapter VIII

Chapter 8 of Saint Joan is here in full — 437 sentences across 88 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Cover illustration for Saint Joan
Context Illustration Reading 1/87 · 5 lines
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CAUCHON.
You have spoken for me, and spoken better than I could.
I do not see how any sane man could disagree with a word that has fallen from you.
But this I will add.
The crude heresies of which you have told us are horrible; but their horror is like that of the black death: they rage for a while and then die out, because sound and sensible men will not under any incitement be reconciled to nakedness and incest and polygamy and the like.
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LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

Saint Joan

Chapter VIII

Chapter 8 of Saint Joan is here in full — 437 sentences across 88 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/87 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
CAUCHON.
Line 2
You have spoken for me, and spoken better than I could.
/juː hæv ˈspoʊkən fɔːr miː ənd ˈspoʊkən ˈbetər ðæn aɪ kʊd/
Line 3
I do not see how any sane man could disagree with a word that has fallen from you.
Line 4
But this I will add.
/bʌt ðɪs aɪ wɪl æd/
Line 5
The crude heresies of which you have told us are horrible; but their horror is like that of the black death: they rage for a while and then die out, because sound and sensible men will not under any incitement be reconciled to nakedness and incest and polygamy and the like.

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

crude adjective US /kruːd/

not carefully or expertly made

From this reading “The crude heresies of which you have told us are horrible; but their horror is like that of the black death: they rage for a while and then die out, because sound and sensible men will not under any incitement be reconciled to nakedness and incest and polygamy and the like.”

disagree verb US /dɪsəˈɡriː/

be of different opinions

From this reading “I do not see how any sane man could disagree with a word that has fallen from you.”

incest noun US /ˈɪnsest/

sexual intercourse between persons too closely related to marry (as between a parent and a child)

From this reading “The crude heresies of which you have told us are horrible; but their horror is like that of the black death: they rage for a while and then die out, because sound and sensible men will not under any incitement be reconciled to nakedness and incest and polygamy and the like.”

incitement noun US /ˌɪnˈsaɪtmənt/

an act of urging on or spurring on or rousing to action or instigating

From this reading “The crude heresies of which you have told us are horrible; but their horror is like that of the black death: they rage for a while and then die out, because sound and sensible men will not under any incitement be reconciled to nakedness and incest and polygamy and the like.”

polygamy noun US /pəˈlɪɡəmiː/

the condition or practice of having more than one spouse at a time

From this reading “The crude heresies of which you have told us are horrible; but their horror is like that of the black death: they rage for a while and then die out, because sound and sensible men will not under any incitement be reconciled to nakedness and incest and polygamy and the like.”

reconciled adjective US /ˈrekənsaɪld/

made compatible or consistent

From this reading “The crude heresies of which you have told us are horrible; but their horror is like that of the black death: they rage for a while and then die out, because sound and sensible men will not under any incitement be reconciled to nakedness and incest and polygamy and the like.”

sane adjective US /seɪn/

mentally healthy; free from mental disorder

From this reading “I do not see how any sane man could disagree with a word that has fallen from you.”

sensible adjective US /ˈsensəbəl/

showing reason or sound judgment

From this reading “The crude heresies of which you have told us are horrible; but their horror is like that of the black death: they rage for a while and then die out, because sound and sensible men will not under any incitement be reconciled to nakedness and incest and polygamy and the like.”

Word partnerships in these lines

English keeps certain words together, and knowing the pair is worth more than knowing each word alone. Every partnership below was counted across our whole published library, and earns its place by appearing far more often than two unrelated words of the same frequency would.

Shown as this reading writes them, with the form the library counts, what kind of pairing it is, and how often it occurs.

sane man adjective + noun

In this reading “I do not see how any sane man could disagree with a word that has fallen from you.”

disagree with verb + particle

not be very easily digestible

In this reading “I do not see how any sane man could disagree with a word that has fallen from you.”

die out verb + adjective

become extinct

In this reading “The crude heresies of which you have told us are horrible; but their horror is like that of the black death: they rage for a while and then die out, because sound and sensible men will not under any incitement be reconciled to nakedness and incest and polygamy and the like.”

All words in this reading · 63

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading I do not see how any sane man could disagree with a word that has fallen from you.

addverbUS /æd/

make an addition (to); join or combine or unite with others; increase the quality, quantity, size or scope of

From this reading But this I will add.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading You have spoken for me, and spoken better than I could.

anyadjectiveUS /ˈeni/

one or some or every or all without specification

From this reading I do not see how any sane man could disagree with a word that has fallen from you.

areauxiliary verbUS /ɑːr/

the form of “be” used with you, we, they, or a plural noun

From this reading The crude heresies of which you have told us are horrible; but their horror is like that of the black death: they rage for a while and then die out, because sound and sensible men will not under any incitement be reconciled to nakedness and incest and polygamy and the like.

beauxiliary verbUS /biː/

used with a past participle to form the passive, or with -ing for continuous tenses

From this reading The crude heresies of which you have told us are horrible; but their horror is like that of the black death: they rage for a while and then die out, because sound and sensible men will not under any incitement be reconciled to nakedness and incest and polygamy and the like.

becauseconjunctionUS /bɪˈkɔːz/

for the reason that

From this reading The crude heresies of which you have told us are horrible; but their horror is like that of the black death: they rage for a while and then die out, because sound and sensible men will not under any incitement be reconciled to nakedness and incest and polygamy and the like.

betteradjectiveUS /ˈbetər/

(comparative of “good”) superior to another (of the same class or set or kind) in excellence or quality or desirability or suitability; more highly skilled than another

From this reading You have spoken for me, and spoken better than I could.

blackadjectiveUS /blæk/

being of the achromatic color of maximum darkness; having little or no hue owing to absorption of almost all incident light

From this reading The crude heresies of which you have told us are horrible; but their horror is like that of the black death: they rage for a while and then die out, because sound and sensible men will not under any incitement be reconciled to nakedness and incest and polygamy and the like.

ButconjunctionUS /bʌt/

used to introduce something that contrasts with what came before

From this reading But this I will add.

CAUCHON

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading CAUCHON.

couldmodal verbUS /kʊd/

the past of “can”; used for possibility or polite requests

From this reading You have spoken for me, and spoken better than I could.

crudeadjectiveUS /kruːd/

not carefully or expertly made

From this reading The crude heresies of which you have told us are horrible; but their horror is like that of the black death: they rage for a while and then die out, because sound and sensible men will not under any incitement be reconciled to nakedness and incest and polygamy and the like.

deathnounUS /deθ/

the event of dying or departure from life

From this reading The crude heresies of which you have told us are horrible; but their horror is like that of the black death: they rage for a while and then die out, because sound and sensible men will not under any incitement be reconciled to nakedness and incest and polygamy and the like.

dieverbUS /daɪ/

pass from physical life and lose all bodily attributes and functions necessary to sustain life

From this reading The crude heresies of which you have told us are horrible; but their horror is like that of the black death: they rage for a while and then die out, because sound and sensible men will not under any incitement be reconciled to nakedness and incest and polygamy and the like.

disagreeverbUS /dɪsəˈɡriː/

be of different opinions

From this reading I do not see how any sane man could disagree with a word that has fallen from you.

doauxiliary verbUS /duː/

used to form questions and negatives, and to give emphasis

From this reading I do not see how any sane man could disagree with a word that has fallen from you.

fallenadjectiveUS /ˈfɑːlən/

having dropped by the force of gravity

From this reading I do not see how any sane man could disagree with a word that has fallen from you.

forprepositionUS /fɔːr/

intended to be given to, or used by, somebody

From this reading You have spoken for me, and spoken better than I could.

fromprepositionUS /frʌm/

showing where something starts, or who sent it

From this reading I do not see how any sane man could disagree with a word that has fallen from you.

hasauxiliary verbUS /hæz/

the form of “have” used with he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading I do not see how any sane man could disagree with a word that has fallen from you.

haveauxiliary verbUS /hæv/

used with a past participle to form the perfect tenses

From this reading You have spoken for me, and spoken better than I could.

heresies

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The crude heresies of which you have told us are horrible; but their horror is like that of the black death: they rage for a while and then die out, because sound and sensible men will not under any incitement be reconciled to nakedness and incest and polygamy and the like.

horribleadjectiveUS /ˈhɔːrəbəl/

provoking horror

From this reading The crude heresies of which you have told us are horrible; but their horror is like that of the black death: they rage for a while and then die out, because sound and sensible men will not under any incitement be reconciled to nakedness and incest and polygamy and the like.

horrornounUS /ˈhɔːrər/

intense and profound fear

From this reading The crude heresies of which you have told us are horrible; but their horror is like that of the black death: they rage for a while and then die out, because sound and sensible men will not under any incitement be reconciled to nakedness and incest and polygamy and the like.

how

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading I do not see how any sane man could disagree with a word that has fallen from you.

IpronounUS /aɪ/

the person speaking or writing, as the subject of the verb

From this reading You have spoken for me, and spoken better than I could.

incestnounUS /ˈɪnsest/

sexual intercourse between persons too closely related to marry (as between a parent and a child)

From this reading The crude heresies of which you have told us are horrible; but their horror is like that of the black death: they rage for a while and then die out, because sound and sensible men will not under any incitement be reconciled to nakedness and incest and polygamy and the like.

incitementnounUS /ˌɪnˈsaɪtmənt/

an act of urging on or spurring on or rousing to action or instigating

From this reading The crude heresies of which you have told us are horrible; but their horror is like that of the black death: they rage for a while and then die out, because sound and sensible men will not under any incitement be reconciled to nakedness and incest and polygamy and the like.

isauxiliary verbUS /ɪz/

the form of “be” used with he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading The crude heresies of which you have told us are horrible; but their horror is like that of the black death: they rage for a while and then die out, because sound and sensible men will not under any incitement be reconciled to nakedness and incest and polygamy and the like.

likeverbUS /laɪk/

prefer or wish to do something

From this reading The crude heresies of which you have told us are horrible; but their horror is like that of the black death: they rage for a while and then die out, because sound and sensible men will not under any incitement be reconciled to nakedness and incest and polygamy and the like.

mannounUS /mæn/

an adult person who is male (as opposed to a woman)

From this reading I do not see how any sane man could disagree with a word that has fallen from you.

mepronounUS /miː/

the person speaking, as the object of a verb or preposition

From this reading You have spoken for me, and spoken better than I could.

mennounUS /men/

the force of workers available

From this reading The crude heresies of which you have told us are horrible; but their horror is like that of the black death: they rage for a while and then die out, because sound and sensible men will not under any incitement be reconciled to nakedness and incest and polygamy and the like.

nakednessnoun

the state of being without clothing or covering of any kind

From this reading The crude heresies of which you have told us are horrible; but their horror is like that of the black death: they rage for a while and then die out, because sound and sensible men will not under any incitement be reconciled to nakedness and incest and polygamy and the like.

notadverbUS /nɑːt/

used to make a word, phrase, or sentence negative

From this reading I do not see how any sane man could disagree with a word that has fallen from you.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading The crude heresies of which you have told us are horrible; but their horror is like that of the black death: they rage for a while and then die out, because sound and sensible men will not under any incitement be reconciled to nakedness and incest and polygamy and the like.

outadjectiveUS /aʊt/

not allowed to continue to bat or run

From this reading The crude heresies of which you have told us are horrible; but their horror is like that of the black death: they rage for a while and then die out, because sound and sensible men will not under any incitement be reconciled to nakedness and incest and polygamy and the like.

polygamynounUS /pəˈlɪɡəmiː/

the condition or practice of having more than one spouse at a time

From this reading The crude heresies of which you have told us are horrible; but their horror is like that of the black death: they rage for a while and then die out, because sound and sensible men will not under any incitement be reconciled to nakedness and incest and polygamy and the like.

ragenounUS /reɪdʒ/

a feeling of intense anger

From this reading The crude heresies of which you have told us are horrible; but their horror is like that of the black death: they rage for a while and then die out, because sound and sensible men will not under any incitement be reconciled to nakedness and incest and polygamy and the like.

reconciledadjectiveUS /ˈrekənsaɪld/

made compatible or consistent

From this reading The crude heresies of which you have told us are horrible; but their horror is like that of the black death: they rage for a while and then die out, because sound and sensible men will not under any incitement be reconciled to nakedness and incest and polygamy and the like.

saneadjectiveUS /seɪn/

mentally healthy; free from mental disorder

From this reading I do not see how any sane man could disagree with a word that has fallen from you.

seeverbUS /siː/

perceive by sight or have the power to perceive by sight

From this reading I do not see how any sane man could disagree with a word that has fallen from you.

sensibleadjectiveUS /ˈsensəbəl/

showing reason or sound judgment

From this reading The crude heresies of which you have told us are horrible; but their horror is like that of the black death: they rage for a while and then die out, because sound and sensible men will not under any incitement be reconciled to nakedness and incest and polygamy and the like.

soundnounUS /saʊnd/

the particular auditory effect produced by a given cause

From this reading The crude heresies of which you have told us are horrible; but their horror is like that of the black death: they rage for a while and then die out, because sound and sensible men will not under any incitement be reconciled to nakedness and incest and polygamy and the like.

spokenadjectiveUS /ˈspoʊkən/

uttered through the medium of speech or characterized by speech; sometimes used in combination

From this reading You have spoken for me, and spoken better than I could.

thanconjunctionUS /ðæn/

used to introduce the second part of a comparison

From this reading You have spoken for me, and spoken better than I could.

thatconjunctionUS /ðæt/

used to introduce what somebody said, thought, or felt

From this reading I do not see how any sane man could disagree with a word that has fallen from you.

ThedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading The crude heresies of which you have told us are horrible; but their horror is like that of the black death: they rage for a while and then die out, because sound and sensible men will not under any incitement be reconciled to nakedness and incest and polygamy and the like.

theirdeterminerUS /ðer/

belonging to the people or things already mentioned

From this reading The crude heresies of which you have told us are horrible; but their horror is like that of the black death: they rage for a while and then die out, because sound and sensible men will not under any incitement be reconciled to nakedness and incest and polygamy and the like.

thenadverbUS /ðen/

subsequently or soon afterward (often used as sentence connectors)

From this reading The crude heresies of which you have told us are horrible; but their horror is like that of the black death: they rage for a while and then die out, because sound and sensible men will not under any incitement be reconciled to nakedness and incest and polygamy and the like.

theypronounUS /ðeɪ/

the people, animals, or things already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading The crude heresies of which you have told us are horrible; but their horror is like that of the black death: they rage for a while and then die out, because sound and sensible men will not under any incitement be reconciled to nakedness and incest and polygamy and the like.

thisdeterminerUS /ðɪs/

used for a person or thing that is near, or that has just been mentioned

From this reading But this I will add.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading The crude heresies of which you have told us are horrible; but their horror is like that of the black death: they rage for a while and then die out, because sound and sensible men will not under any incitement be reconciled to nakedness and incest and polygamy and the like.

toldverbUS /toʊld/

inflected form of “tell” — express in words

From this reading The crude heresies of which you have told us are horrible; but their horror is like that of the black death: they rage for a while and then die out, because sound and sensible men will not under any incitement be reconciled to nakedness and incest and polygamy and the like.

underprepositionUS /ˈʌndər/

below or beneath something; less than

From this reading The crude heresies of which you have told us are horrible; but their horror is like that of the black death: they rage for a while and then die out, because sound and sensible men will not under any incitement be reconciled to nakedness and incest and polygamy and the like.

uspronounUS /ʌs/

the speaker and others, as the object of a verb or preposition

From this reading The crude heresies of which you have told us are horrible; but their horror is like that of the black death: they rage for a while and then die out, because sound and sensible men will not under any incitement be reconciled to nakedness and incest and polygamy and the like.

whichpronounUS /wɪtʃ/

used to introduce a clause giving more about a thing just mentioned

From this reading The crude heresies of which you have told us are horrible; but their horror is like that of the black death: they rage for a while and then die out, because sound and sensible men will not under any incitement be reconciled to nakedness and incest and polygamy and the like.

whileconjunctionUS /waɪl/

during the time that

From this reading The crude heresies of which you have told us are horrible; but their horror is like that of the black death: they rage for a while and then die out, because sound and sensible men will not under any incitement be reconciled to nakedness and incest and polygamy and the like.

willmodal verbUS /wɪl/

used to talk about the future, or about willingness

From this reading But this I will add.

withprepositionUS /wɪð/

in the company of; together with

From this reading I do not see how any sane man could disagree with a word that has fallen from you.

wordnounUS /wɜːrd/

a unit of language that native speakers can identify

From this reading I do not see how any sane man could disagree with a word that has fallen from you.

YoupronounUS /juː/

the person or people being spoken to

From this reading You have spoken for me, and spoken better than I could.

Chapter 8 of Saint Joan by Bernard Shaw holds 437 sentences, grouped into 88 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 8 of Saint Joan contain?

Chapter 8 holds 437 sentences of Saint Joan, unabridged, divided into 88 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 8 of Saint Joan by Bernard Shaw exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 437 sentences, grouped into 88 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 8 of Saint Joan?

Work through the 88 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 88 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 8 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 8 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading Saint Joan

Common questions about reading Saint Joan by Bernard Shaw on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of Saint Joan?

Yes. All 4332 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #76323 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of Saint Joan is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #76323, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does Saint Joan take to read?

About 361 minutes of reading across 867 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

How to read Saint Joan section by section

How to work through Saint Joan section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.

  1. Open a chapter

    Choose one of the 10 chapters of Saint Joan to begin.

  2. Read one section

    Each section holds 5 sentences; read it once through.

  3. Listen and tap

    Play the section aloud, then tap any unfamiliar word for its entry.

Vocabulary met early in Saint Joan

Words and structures a reader meets early in Saint Joan, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Saint
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Saint Joan; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Chronicle
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Saint Joan; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Scenes
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Saint Joan; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Epilogue
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Saint Joan; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.