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Samuel Johnson
Samuel Johnson

Chapter IV · Chapter 4

Chapter 4 of Samuel Johnson is here in full — 686 sentences across 138 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

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Context Illustration Reading 1/137 · 5 lines
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JOHNSON AS A LITERARY DICTATOR.
We have now reached the point at which Johnson's life becomes distinctly visible through the eyes of a competent observer.
The last twenty years are those which are really familiar to us; and little remains but to give some brief selection of Boswell's anecdotes.
The task, however, is a difficult one.
It is easy enough to make a selection of the gems of Boswell's narrative; but it is also inevitable that, taken from their setting, they should lose the greatest part of their brilliance.
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LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

Samuel Johnson

Chapter IV · Chapter 4

Chapter 4 of Samuel Johnson is here in full — 686 sentences across 138 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/137 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
JOHNSON AS A LITERARY DICTATOR.
/ˈdʒɑːnsən æz ə ˈlɪtəreri dɪkˈteɪtər/
Line 2
We have now reached the point at which Johnson's life becomes distinctly visible through the eyes of a competent observer.
/wiː hæv naʊ riːtʃt ðə pɔɪnt æt wɪtʃ ˈdʒɑːnsənz laɪf bɪˈkʌmz dɪˈstɪŋktli ˈvɪzəbəl θruː ðə aɪz ʌv ə ˈkɑːmpətɪnt əbˈzɜːrvər/
Line 3
The last twenty years are those which are really familiar to us; and little remains but to give some brief selection of Boswell's anecdotes.
Line 4
The task, however, is a difficult one.
/ðə tæsk ˌhaʊˈevər ɪz ə ˈdɪfəkəlt wʌn/
Line 5
It is easy enough to make a selection of the gems of Boswell's narrative; but it is also inevitable that, taken from their setting, they should lose the greatest part of their brilliance.

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

anecdotes noun US /ˈænəkdoʊts/

plural of “anecdote” — short account of an incident (especially a biographical one)

From this reading “The last twenty years are those which are really familiar to us; and little remains but to give some brief selection of Boswell's anecdotes.”

brilliance noun US /ˈbrɪljəns/

a light within the field of vision that is brighter than the brightness to which the eyes are adapted

From this reading “It is easy enough to make a selection of the gems of Boswell's narrative; but it is also inevitable that, taken from their setting, they should lose the greatest part of their brilliance.”

competent adjective US /ˈkɑːmpətɪnt/

properly or sufficiently qualified or capable or efficient

From this reading “We have now reached the point at which Johnson's life becomes distinctly visible through the eyes of a competent observer.”

dictator noun US /dɪkˈteɪtər/

a speaker who dictates to a secretary or a recording machine

From this reading “JOHNSON AS A LITERARY DICTATOR.”

gems noun US /dʒemz/

plural of “gem” — art highly prized for its beauty or perfection

From this reading “It is easy enough to make a selection of the gems of Boswell's narrative; but it is also inevitable that, taken from their setting, they should lose the greatest part of their brilliance.”

Johnson's noun US /ˈdʒɑːnsənz/

possessive form of “johnson” — English writer and lexicographer (1709-1784)

From this reading “We have now reached the point at which Johnson's life becomes distinctly visible through the eyes of a competent observer.”

observer noun US /əbˈzɜːrvər/

a person who becomes aware (of things or events) through the senses

From this reading “We have now reached the point at which Johnson's life becomes distinctly visible through the eyes of a competent observer.”

selection noun US /səˈlekʃən/

the act of choosing or selecting

From this reading “The last twenty years are those which are really familiar to us; and little remains but to give some brief selection of Boswell's anecdotes.”

All words in this reading · 66

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

AdeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading JOHNSON AS A LITERARY DICTATOR.

alsoadverbUS /ˈɔːlsoʊ/

in addition

From this reading It is easy enough to make a selection of the gems of Boswell's narrative; but it is also inevitable that, taken from their setting, they should lose the greatest part of their brilliance.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading The last twenty years are those which are really familiar to us; and little remains but to give some brief selection of Boswell's anecdotes.

anecdotesnounUS /ˈænəkdoʊts/

plural of “anecdote” — short account of an incident (especially a biographical one)

From this reading The last twenty years are those which are really familiar to us; and little remains but to give some brief selection of Boswell's anecdotes.

areauxiliary verbUS /ɑːr/

the form of “be” used with you, we, they, or a plural noun

From this reading The last twenty years are those which are really familiar to us; and little remains but to give some brief selection of Boswell's anecdotes.

ASconjunctionUS /æz/

at the same time that; because; in the way that

From this reading JOHNSON AS A LITERARY DICTATOR.

atprepositionUS /æt/

in or near a particular place or position

From this reading We have now reached the point at which Johnson's life becomes distinctly visible through the eyes of a competent observer.

becomesverbUS /bɪˈkʌmz/

third-person singular of “become” — enter or assume a certain state or condition

From this reading We have now reached the point at which Johnson's life becomes distinctly visible through the eyes of a competent observer.

Boswell's

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The last twenty years are those which are really familiar to us; and little remains but to give some brief selection of Boswell's anecdotes.

briefadjectiveUS /briːf/

of short duration or distance

From this reading The last twenty years are those which are really familiar to us; and little remains but to give some brief selection of Boswell's anecdotes.

brilliancenounUS /ˈbrɪljəns/

a light within the field of vision that is brighter than the brightness to which the eyes are adapted

From this reading It is easy enough to make a selection of the gems of Boswell's narrative; but it is also inevitable that, taken from their setting, they should lose the greatest part of their brilliance.

butconjunctionUS /bʌt/

used to introduce something that contrasts with what came before

From this reading The last twenty years are those which are really familiar to us; and little remains but to give some brief selection of Boswell's anecdotes.

competentadjectiveUS /ˈkɑːmpətɪnt/

properly or sufficiently qualified or capable or efficient

From this reading We have now reached the point at which Johnson's life becomes distinctly visible through the eyes of a competent observer.

DICTATORnounUS /dɪkˈteɪtər/

a speaker who dictates to a secretary or a recording machine

From this reading JOHNSON AS A LITERARY DICTATOR.

difficultadjectiveUS /ˈdɪfəkəlt/

not easy; requiring great physical or mental effort to accomplish or comprehend or endure

From this reading The task, however, is a difficult one.

distinctlyadverbUS /dɪˈstɪŋktli/

clear to the mind; with distinct mental discernment

From this reading We have now reached the point at which Johnson's life becomes distinctly visible through the eyes of a competent observer.

easyadjectiveUS /ˈiːzi/

posing no difficulty; requiring little effort

From this reading It is easy enough to make a selection of the gems of Boswell's narrative; but it is also inevitable that, taken from their setting, they should lose the greatest part of their brilliance.

enoughnounUS /ɪˈnʌf/

an adequate quantity; a quantity that is large enough to achieve a purpose

From this reading It is easy enough to make a selection of the gems of Boswell's narrative; but it is also inevitable that, taken from their setting, they should lose the greatest part of their brilliance.

eyesnounUS /aɪz/

opinion or judgment

From this reading We have now reached the point at which Johnson's life becomes distinctly visible through the eyes of a competent observer.

familiaradjectiveUS /fəˈmɪljər/

well known or easily recognized

From this reading The last twenty years are those which are really familiar to us; and little remains but to give some brief selection of Boswell's anecdotes.

fromprepositionUS /frʌm/

showing where something starts, or who sent it

From this reading It is easy enough to make a selection of the gems of Boswell's narrative; but it is also inevitable that, taken from their setting, they should lose the greatest part of their brilliance.

gemsnounUS /dʒemz/

plural of “gem” — art highly prized for its beauty or perfection

From this reading It is easy enough to make a selection of the gems of Boswell's narrative; but it is also inevitable that, taken from their setting, they should lose the greatest part of their brilliance.

giveverbUS /ɡɪv/

cause to have, in the abstract sense or physical sense

From this reading The last twenty years are those which are really familiar to us; and little remains but to give some brief selection of Boswell's anecdotes.

greatestadjectiveUS /ˈɡreɪtəst/

highest in quality

From this reading It is easy enough to make a selection of the gems of Boswell's narrative; but it is also inevitable that, taken from their setting, they should lose the greatest part of their brilliance.

haveauxiliary verbUS /hæv/

used with a past participle to form the perfect tenses

From this reading We have now reached the point at which Johnson's life becomes distinctly visible through the eyes of a competent observer.

howeveradverbUS /ˌhaʊˈevər/

used to add a contrasting statement

From this reading The task, however, is a difficult one.

inevitableadjectiveUS /ˌɪˈnevətəbəl/

incapable of being avoided or prevented

From this reading It is easy enough to make a selection of the gems of Boswell's narrative; but it is also inevitable that, taken from their setting, they should lose the greatest part of their brilliance.

isauxiliary verbUS /ɪz/

the form of “be” used with he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading The task, however, is a difficult one.

ItpronounUS /ɪt/

a thing, animal, or idea already mentioned

From this reading It is easy enough to make a selection of the gems of Boswell's narrative; but it is also inevitable that, taken from their setting, they should lose the greatest part of their brilliance.

JOHNSONnounUS /ˈdʒɑːnsən/

English writer and lexicographer (1709-1784)

From this reading JOHNSON AS A LITERARY DICTATOR.

Johnson'snounUS /ˈdʒɑːnsənz/

possessive form of “johnson” — English writer and lexicographer (1709-1784)

From this reading We have now reached the point at which Johnson's life becomes distinctly visible through the eyes of a competent observer.

lastadjectiveUS /læst/

immediately past

From this reading The last twenty years are those which are really familiar to us; and little remains but to give some brief selection of Boswell's anecdotes.

lifenounUS /laɪf/

a characteristic state or mode of living

From this reading We have now reached the point at which Johnson's life becomes distinctly visible through the eyes of a competent observer.

LITERARYadjectiveUS /ˈlɪtəreri/

of or relating to or characteristic of literature

From this reading JOHNSON AS A LITERARY DICTATOR.

littleadjectiveUS /ˈlɪtəl/

limited or below average in number or quantity or magnitude or extent

From this reading The last twenty years are those which are really familiar to us; and little remains but to give some brief selection of Boswell's anecdotes.

loseverbUS /luːz/

fail to keep or to maintain; cease to have, either physically or in an abstract sense

From this reading It is easy enough to make a selection of the gems of Boswell's narrative; but it is also inevitable that, taken from their setting, they should lose the greatest part of their brilliance.

makeverbUS /meɪk/

engage in

From this reading It is easy enough to make a selection of the gems of Boswell's narrative; but it is also inevitable that, taken from their setting, they should lose the greatest part of their brilliance.

narrativenounUS /ˈnærətɪv/

a message that tells the particulars of an act or occurrence or course of events; presented in writing or drama or cinema or as a radio or television program

From this reading It is easy enough to make a selection of the gems of Boswell's narrative; but it is also inevitable that, taken from their setting, they should lose the greatest part of their brilliance.

nowadverbUS /naʊ/

in the historical present; at this point in the narration of a series of past events

From this reading We have now reached the point at which Johnson's life becomes distinctly visible through the eyes of a competent observer.

observernounUS /əbˈzɜːrvər/

a person who becomes aware (of things or events) through the senses

From this reading We have now reached the point at which Johnson's life becomes distinctly visible through the eyes of a competent observer.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading We have now reached the point at which Johnson's life becomes distinctly visible through the eyes of a competent observer.

onepronounUS /wʌn/

used to mean any person in general, including the speaker

From this reading The task, however, is a difficult one.

partnounUS /pɑːrt/

something determined in relation to something that includes it

From this reading It is easy enough to make a selection of the gems of Boswell's narrative; but it is also inevitable that, taken from their setting, they should lose the greatest part of their brilliance.

pointnounUS /pɔɪnt/

a geometric element that has position but no extension

From this reading We have now reached the point at which Johnson's life becomes distinctly visible through the eyes of a competent observer.

reachedverbUS /riːtʃt/

past form of “reach” — reach a destination, either real or abstract

From this reading We have now reached the point at which Johnson's life becomes distinctly visible through the eyes of a competent observer.

reallyadverbUS /ˈrɪli/

in accordance with truth or fact or reality

From this reading The last twenty years are those which are really familiar to us; and little remains but to give some brief selection of Boswell's anecdotes.

remainsnounUS /rɪˈmeɪnz/

any object that is left unused or still extant

From this reading The last twenty years are those which are really familiar to us; and little remains but to give some brief selection of Boswell's anecdotes.

selectionnounUS /səˈlekʃən/

the act of choosing or selecting

From this reading The last twenty years are those which are really familiar to us; and little remains but to give some brief selection of Boswell's anecdotes.

settingnounUS /ˈsetɪŋ/

the context and environment in which something is set

From this reading It is easy enough to make a selection of the gems of Boswell's narrative; but it is also inevitable that, taken from their setting, they should lose the greatest part of their brilliance.

shouldmodal verbUS /ʃʊd/

used to say what is right, expected, or advisable

From this reading It is easy enough to make a selection of the gems of Boswell's narrative; but it is also inevitable that, taken from their setting, they should lose the greatest part of their brilliance.

someadjectiveUS /sʌm/

(quantifier) used with either mass nouns or plural count nouns to indicate an unspecified number or quantity

From this reading The last twenty years are those which are really familiar to us; and little remains but to give some brief selection of Boswell's anecdotes.

takenadjectiveUS /ˈteɪkən/

understood in a certain way; made sense of

From this reading It is easy enough to make a selection of the gems of Boswell's narrative; but it is also inevitable that, taken from their setting, they should lose the greatest part of their brilliance.

tasknounUS /tæsk/

any piece of work that is undertaken or attempted

From this reading The task, however, is a difficult one.

thatconjunctionUS /ðæt/

used to introduce what somebody said, thought, or felt

From this reading It is easy enough to make a selection of the gems of Boswell's narrative; but it is also inevitable that, taken from their setting, they should lose the greatest part of their brilliance.

thedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading We have now reached the point at which Johnson's life becomes distinctly visible through the eyes of a competent observer.

theirdeterminerUS /ðer/

belonging to the people or things already mentioned

From this reading It is easy enough to make a selection of the gems of Boswell's narrative; but it is also inevitable that, taken from their setting, they should lose the greatest part of their brilliance.

theypronounUS /ðeɪ/

the people, animals, or things already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading It is easy enough to make a selection of the gems of Boswell's narrative; but it is also inevitable that, taken from their setting, they should lose the greatest part of their brilliance.

thosedeterminerUS /ðoʊz/

the plural of “that”: the people or things further away, or already known

From this reading The last twenty years are those which are really familiar to us; and little remains but to give some brief selection of Boswell's anecdotes.

throughprepositionUS /θruː/

from one end or side of something to the other

From this reading We have now reached the point at which Johnson's life becomes distinctly visible through the eyes of a competent observer.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading The last twenty years are those which are really familiar to us; and little remains but to give some brief selection of Boswell's anecdotes.

twentynounUS /ˈtwenti/

the cardinal number that is the sum of nineteen and one

From this reading The last twenty years are those which are really familiar to us; and little remains but to give some brief selection of Boswell's anecdotes.

uspronounUS /ʌs/

the speaker and others, as the object of a verb or preposition

From this reading The last twenty years are those which are really familiar to us; and little remains but to give some brief selection of Boswell's anecdotes.

visibleadjectiveUS /ˈvɪzəbəl/

capable of being seen; or open to easy view

From this reading We have now reached the point at which Johnson's life becomes distinctly visible through the eyes of a competent observer.

WepronounUS /wiː/

the speaker together with one or more other people

From this reading We have now reached the point at which Johnson's life becomes distinctly visible through the eyes of a competent observer.

whichpronounUS /wɪtʃ/

used to introduce a clause giving more about a thing just mentioned

From this reading We have now reached the point at which Johnson's life becomes distinctly visible through the eyes of a competent observer.

yearsnounUS /jɪrz/

a late time of life

From this reading The last twenty years are those which are really familiar to us; and little remains but to give some brief selection of Boswell's anecdotes.

Chapter 4 of Samuel Johnson by Leslie Stephen holds 686 sentences, grouped into 138 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 4 of Samuel Johnson contain?

Chapter 4 holds 686 sentences of Samuel Johnson, unabridged, divided into 138 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 4 of Samuel Johnson by Leslie Stephen exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 686 sentences, grouped into 138 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 4 of Samuel Johnson?

Work through the 138 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 138 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 4 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 4 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

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