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Sant' Ilario
Sant' Ilario

Chapter XXVIII · Chapter 28

Chapter 28 of Sant' Ilario is here in full — 280 sentences across 56 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

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Context Illustration Reading 1/56 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
Arnoldo Meschini was not, perhaps, insane in the ordinary sense of the word; that is to say, he would probably have recovered the normal balance of his faculties if he could have been kept from narcotics and stimulants, and if he could have been relieved from the distracting fear of discovery which tormented him when he was not under the influence of one or the other.
But the latter condition was impossible, and it was the extremity of his terror which almost forced him to keep his brain in a clouded state.
People have been driven mad by sudden fright, and have gradually lost their intellect through the constant presence of a fear from which there is no escape.
A man who is perpetually producing an unnatural state of his mind by swallowing doses of brandy and opium may not be insane in theory; in actual fact, he may be a dangerous madman.
As one day followed another Meschini found it more and more impossible to exist without his two comforters.
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LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

Sant' Ilario

Chapter XXVIII · Chapter 28

Chapter 28 of Sant' Ilario is here in full — 280 sentences across 56 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/56 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
Arnoldo Meschini was not, perhaps, insane in the ordinary sense of the word; that is to say, he would probably have recovered the normal balance of his faculties if he could have been kept from narcotics and stimulants, and if he could have been relieved from the distracting fear of discovery which tormented him when he was not under the influence of one or the other.
Line 2
But the latter condition was impossible, and it was the extremity of his terror which almost forced him to keep his brain in a clouded state.
/bʌt ðə ˈlætər kənˈdɪʃən wɑːz ˌɪmˈpɑːsəbəl ənd ɪt wɑːz ðə ekˈstreməti ʌv hɪz ˈterər wɪtʃ ˈɔːlmoʊst fɔːrst hɪm tuː kiːp hɪz breɪn ɪn ə ˈklaʊdɪd steɪt/
Line 3
People have been driven mad by sudden fright, and have gradually lost their intellect through the constant presence of a fear from which there is no escape.
/ˈpiːpəl hæv bɪn ˈdrɪvən mæd baɪ ˈsʌdən fraɪt ənd hæv ˈɡrædʒuːəli lɔːst ðer ˈɪntəlekt θruː ðə ˈkɑːnstənt ˈprezəns ʌv ə fɪr frʌm wɪtʃ ðer ɪz noʊ ɪˈskeɪp/
Line 4
A man who is perpetually producing an unnatural state of his mind by swallowing doses of brandy and opium may not be insane in theory; in actual fact, he may be a dangerous madman.
/ə mæn huː ɪz pərˈpetʃuːəli prəˈduːsɪŋ æn ənˈnætʃərəl steɪt ʌv hɪz maɪnd baɪ ˈswɑːloʊɪŋ ˈdoʊsəz ʌv ˈbrændi ənd ˈoʊpiəm meɪ nɑːt biː ˌɪnˈseɪn ɪn ˈθɪri ɪn ˈæktʃəwəl fækt hiː meɪ biː ə ˈdeɪndʒərəs ˈmædmæn/
Line 5
As one day followed another Meschini found it more and more impossible to exist without his two comforters.

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

comforters noun US /ˈkʌmfərtərz/

plural of “comforter” — a person who commiserates with someone who has had misfortune

From this reading “As one day followed another Meschini found it more and more impossible to exist without his two comforters.”

distracting verb US /dɪˈstræktɪŋ/

-ing form of “distract” — draw someone's attention away from something

From this reading “Arnoldo Meschini was not, perhaps, insane in the ordinary sense of the word; that is to say, he would probably have recovered the normal balance of his faculties if he could have been kept from narcotics and stimulants, and if he could have been relieved from the distracting fear of discovery which tormented him when he was not under the influence of one or the other.”

doses noun US /ˈdoʊsəz/

plural of “dos” — the federal department in the United States that sets and maintains foreign policies

From this reading “A man who is perpetually producing an unnatural state of his mind by swallowing doses of brandy and opium may not be insane in theory; in actual fact, he may be a dangerous madman.”

narcotics noun US /nɑːrˈkɑːtɪks/

plural of “narcotic” — a drug that produces numbness or stupor; often taken for pleasure or to reduce pain; extensive use can lead to addiction

From this reading “Arnoldo Meschini was not, perhaps, insane in the ordinary sense of the word; that is to say, he would probably have recovered the normal balance of his faculties if he could have been kept from narcotics and stimulants, and if he could have been relieved from the distracting fear of discovery which tormented him when he was not under the influence of one or the other.”

opium noun US /ˈoʊpiəm/

an addictive narcotic extracted from seed capsules of the opium poppy

From this reading “A man who is perpetually producing an unnatural state of his mind by swallowing doses of brandy and opium may not be insane in theory; in actual fact, he may be a dangerous madman.”

stimulants noun US /ˈstɪmjələnts/

plural of “stimulant” — any stimulating information or event; acts to arouse action

From this reading “Arnoldo Meschini was not, perhaps, insane in the ordinary sense of the word; that is to say, he would probably have recovered the normal balance of his faculties if he could have been kept from narcotics and stimulants, and if he could have been relieved from the distracting fear of discovery which tormented him when he was not under the influence of one or the other.”

swallowing verb US /ˈswɑːloʊɪŋ/

-ing form of “swallow” — pass through the esophagus as part of eating or drinking

From this reading “A man who is perpetually producing an unnatural state of his mind by swallowing doses of brandy and opium may not be insane in theory; in actual fact, he may be a dangerous madman.”

tormented adjective US /ˈtɔːrmentɪd/

experiencing intense pain especially mental pain

From this reading “Arnoldo Meschini was not, perhaps, insane in the ordinary sense of the word; that is to say, he would probably have recovered the normal balance of his faculties if he could have been kept from narcotics and stimulants, and if he could have been relieved from the distracting fear of discovery which tormented him when he was not under the influence of one or the other.”

All words in this reading · 104

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading But the latter condition was impossible, and it was the extremity of his terror which almost forced him to keep his brain in a clouded state.

actualadjectiveUS /ˈæktʃəwəl/

presently existing in fact and not merely potential or possible

From this reading A man who is perpetually producing an unnatural state of his mind by swallowing doses of brandy and opium may not be insane in theory; in actual fact, he may be a dangerous madman.

almostadverbUS /ˈɔːlmoʊst/

(of actions or states) slightly short of or not quite accomplished; all but

From this reading But the latter condition was impossible, and it was the extremity of his terror which almost forced him to keep his brain in a clouded state.

andeterminerUS /æn/

the form of “a” used before a word that begins with a vowel sound

From this reading A man who is perpetually producing an unnatural state of his mind by swallowing doses of brandy and opium may not be insane in theory; in actual fact, he may be a dangerous madman.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading Arnoldo Meschini was not, perhaps, insane in the ordinary sense of the word; that is to say, he would probably have recovered the normal balance of his faculties if he could have been kept from narcotics and stimulants, and if he could have been relieved from the distracting fear of discovery which tormented him when he was not under the influence of one or the other.

anotherdeterminerUS /əˈnʌðər/

one more of the same kind, or a different one

From this reading As one day followed another Meschini found it more and more impossible to exist without his two comforters.

Arnoldo

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Arnoldo Meschini was not, perhaps, insane in the ordinary sense of the word; that is to say, he would probably have recovered the normal balance of his faculties if he could have been kept from narcotics and stimulants, and if he could have been relieved from the distracting fear of discovery which tormented him when he was not under the influence of one or the other.

AsconjunctionUS /æz/

at the same time that; because; in the way that

From this reading As one day followed another Meschini found it more and more impossible to exist without his two comforters.

balanceverbUS /ˈbæləns/

bring into balance or equilibrium

From this reading Arnoldo Meschini was not, perhaps, insane in the ordinary sense of the word; that is to say, he would probably have recovered the normal balance of his faculties if he could have been kept from narcotics and stimulants, and if he could have been relieved from the distracting fear of discovery which tormented him when he was not under the influence of one or the other.

beauxiliary verbUS /biː/

used with a past participle to form the passive, or with -ing for continuous tenses

From this reading A man who is perpetually producing an unnatural state of his mind by swallowing doses of brandy and opium may not be insane in theory; in actual fact, he may be a dangerous madman.

beenauxiliary verbUS /bɪn/

the past participle of “be”

From this reading Arnoldo Meschini was not, perhaps, insane in the ordinary sense of the word; that is to say, he would probably have recovered the normal balance of his faculties if he could have been kept from narcotics and stimulants, and if he could have been relieved from the distracting fear of discovery which tormented him when he was not under the influence of one or the other.

brainnounUS /breɪn/

that part of the central nervous system that includes all the higher nervous centers; enclosed within the skull; continuous with the spinal cord

From this reading But the latter condition was impossible, and it was the extremity of his terror which almost forced him to keep his brain in a clouded state.

brandynounUS /ˈbrændi/

distilled from wine or fermented fruit juice

From this reading A man who is perpetually producing an unnatural state of his mind by swallowing doses of brandy and opium may not be insane in theory; in actual fact, he may be a dangerous madman.

ButconjunctionUS /bʌt/

used to introduce something that contrasts with what came before

From this reading But the latter condition was impossible, and it was the extremity of his terror which almost forced him to keep his brain in a clouded state.

byprepositionUS /baɪ/

showing who or what does the action

From this reading People have been driven mad by sudden fright, and have gradually lost their intellect through the constant presence of a fear from which there is no escape.

cloudedadjectiveUS /ˈklaʊdɪd/

made troubled or apprehensive or distressed in appearance

From this reading But the latter condition was impossible, and it was the extremity of his terror which almost forced him to keep his brain in a clouded state.

comfortersnounUS /ˈkʌmfərtərz/

plural of “comforter” — a person who commiserates with someone who has had misfortune

From this reading As one day followed another Meschini found it more and more impossible to exist without his two comforters.

conditionnounUS /kənˈdɪʃən/

a state at a particular time

From this reading But the latter condition was impossible, and it was the extremity of his terror which almost forced him to keep his brain in a clouded state.

constantadjectiveUS /ˈkɑːnstənt/

unvarying in nature

From this reading People have been driven mad by sudden fright, and have gradually lost their intellect through the constant presence of a fear from which there is no escape.

couldmodal verbUS /kʊd/

the past of “can”; used for possibility or polite requests

From this reading Arnoldo Meschini was not, perhaps, insane in the ordinary sense of the word; that is to say, he would probably have recovered the normal balance of his faculties if he could have been kept from narcotics and stimulants, and if he could have been relieved from the distracting fear of discovery which tormented him when he was not under the influence of one or the other.

dangerousadjectiveUS /ˈdeɪndʒərəs/

involving or causing danger or risk; liable to hurt or harm

From this reading A man who is perpetually producing an unnatural state of his mind by swallowing doses of brandy and opium may not be insane in theory; in actual fact, he may be a dangerous madman.

daynounUS /deɪ/

time for Earth to make a complete rotation on its axis

From this reading As one day followed another Meschini found it more and more impossible to exist without his two comforters.

discoverynounUS /dɪˈskʌvəri/

the act of discovering something

From this reading Arnoldo Meschini was not, perhaps, insane in the ordinary sense of the word; that is to say, he would probably have recovered the normal balance of his faculties if he could have been kept from narcotics and stimulants, and if he could have been relieved from the distracting fear of discovery which tormented him when he was not under the influence of one or the other.

distractingverbUS /dɪˈstræktɪŋ/

-ing form of “distract” — draw someone's attention away from something

From this reading Arnoldo Meschini was not, perhaps, insane in the ordinary sense of the word; that is to say, he would probably have recovered the normal balance of his faculties if he could have been kept from narcotics and stimulants, and if he could have been relieved from the distracting fear of discovery which tormented him when he was not under the influence of one or the other.

dosesnounUS /ˈdoʊsəz/

plural of “dos” — the federal department in the United States that sets and maintains foreign policies

From this reading A man who is perpetually producing an unnatural state of his mind by swallowing doses of brandy and opium may not be insane in theory; in actual fact, he may be a dangerous madman.

drivenadjectiveUS /ˈdrɪvən/

compelled forcibly by an outside agency

From this reading People have been driven mad by sudden fright, and have gradually lost their intellect through the constant presence of a fear from which there is no escape.

escapenounUS /ɪˈskeɪp/

the act of escaping physically

From this reading People have been driven mad by sudden fright, and have gradually lost their intellect through the constant presence of a fear from which there is no escape.

existverbUS /ɪɡˈzɪst/

have an existence, be extant

From this reading As one day followed another Meschini found it more and more impossible to exist without his two comforters.

extremitynounUS /ekˈstreməti/

an external body part that projects from the body

From this reading But the latter condition was impossible, and it was the extremity of his terror which almost forced him to keep his brain in a clouded state.

factnounUS /fækt/

a piece of information about circumstances that exist or events that have occurred

From this reading A man who is perpetually producing an unnatural state of his mind by swallowing doses of brandy and opium may not be insane in theory; in actual fact, he may be a dangerous madman.

facultiesnounUS /ˈfækəltiz/

plural of “faculty” — one of the inherent cognitive or perceptual powers of the mind

From this reading Arnoldo Meschini was not, perhaps, insane in the ordinary sense of the word; that is to say, he would probably have recovered the normal balance of his faculties if he could have been kept from narcotics and stimulants, and if he could have been relieved from the distracting fear of discovery which tormented him when he was not under the influence of one or the other.

fearverbUS /fɪr/

be afraid or feel anxious or apprehensive about a possible or probable situation or event

From this reading Arnoldo Meschini was not, perhaps, insane in the ordinary sense of the word; that is to say, he would probably have recovered the normal balance of his faculties if he could have been kept from narcotics and stimulants, and if he could have been relieved from the distracting fear of discovery which tormented him when he was not under the influence of one or the other.

followedverbUS /ˈfɑːloʊd/

past form of “follow” — to travel behind, go after, come after

From this reading As one day followed another Meschini found it more and more impossible to exist without his two comforters.

forcedadjectiveUS /fɔːrst/

produced by or subjected to forcing

From this reading But the latter condition was impossible, and it was the extremity of his terror which almost forced him to keep his brain in a clouded state.

foundverbUS /faʊnd/

set up or found

From this reading As one day followed another Meschini found it more and more impossible to exist without his two comforters.

frightnounUS /fraɪt/

an emotion experienced in anticipation of some specific pain or danger (usually accompanied by a desire to flee or fight)

From this reading People have been driven mad by sudden fright, and have gradually lost their intellect through the constant presence of a fear from which there is no escape.

fromprepositionUS /frʌm/

showing where something starts, or who sent it

From this reading Arnoldo Meschini was not, perhaps, insane in the ordinary sense of the word; that is to say, he would probably have recovered the normal balance of his faculties if he could have been kept from narcotics and stimulants, and if he could have been relieved from the distracting fear of discovery which tormented him when he was not under the influence of one or the other.

graduallyadverbUS /ˈɡrædʒuːəli/

in a gradual manner

From this reading People have been driven mad by sudden fright, and have gradually lost their intellect through the constant presence of a fear from which there is no escape.

haveauxiliary verbUS /hæv/

used with a past participle to form the perfect tenses

From this reading Arnoldo Meschini was not, perhaps, insane in the ordinary sense of the word; that is to say, he would probably have recovered the normal balance of his faculties if he could have been kept from narcotics and stimulants, and if he could have been relieved from the distracting fear of discovery which tormented him when he was not under the influence of one or the other.

hepronounUS /hiː/

a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading Arnoldo Meschini was not, perhaps, insane in the ordinary sense of the word; that is to say, he would probably have recovered the normal balance of his faculties if he could have been kept from narcotics and stimulants, and if he could have been relieved from the distracting fear of discovery which tormented him when he was not under the influence of one or the other.

himpronounUS /hɪm/

the male already mentioned, as the object of a verb or preposition

From this reading Arnoldo Meschini was not, perhaps, insane in the ordinary sense of the word; that is to say, he would probably have recovered the normal balance of his faculties if he could have been kept from narcotics and stimulants, and if he could have been relieved from the distracting fear of discovery which tormented him when he was not under the influence of one or the other.

hisdeterminerUS /hɪz/

belonging to a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned

From this reading Arnoldo Meschini was not, perhaps, insane in the ordinary sense of the word; that is to say, he would probably have recovered the normal balance of his faculties if he could have been kept from narcotics and stimulants, and if he could have been relieved from the distracting fear of discovery which tormented him when he was not under the influence of one or the other.

ifconjunctionUS /ɪf/

on condition that; in the event that

From this reading Arnoldo Meschini was not, perhaps, insane in the ordinary sense of the word; that is to say, he would probably have recovered the normal balance of his faculties if he could have been kept from narcotics and stimulants, and if he could have been relieved from the distracting fear of discovery which tormented him when he was not under the influence of one or the other.

impossibleadjectiveUS /ˌɪmˈpɑːsəbəl/

not capable of occurring or being accomplished or dealt with

From this reading But the latter condition was impossible, and it was the extremity of his terror which almost forced him to keep his brain in a clouded state.

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading Arnoldo Meschini was not, perhaps, insane in the ordinary sense of the word; that is to say, he would probably have recovered the normal balance of his faculties if he could have been kept from narcotics and stimulants, and if he could have been relieved from the distracting fear of discovery which tormented him when he was not under the influence of one or the other.

influencenounUS /ˈɪnfluːəns/

a power to affect persons or events especially power based on prestige etc

From this reading Arnoldo Meschini was not, perhaps, insane in the ordinary sense of the word; that is to say, he would probably have recovered the normal balance of his faculties if he could have been kept from narcotics and stimulants, and if he could have been relieved from the distracting fear of discovery which tormented him when he was not under the influence of one or the other.

insaneadjectiveUS /ˌɪnˈseɪn/

afflicted with or characteristic of mental derangement

From this reading Arnoldo Meschini was not, perhaps, insane in the ordinary sense of the word; that is to say, he would probably have recovered the normal balance of his faculties if he could have been kept from narcotics and stimulants, and if he could have been relieved from the distracting fear of discovery which tormented him when he was not under the influence of one or the other.

intellectnounUS /ˈɪntəlekt/

knowledge and intellectual ability

From this reading People have been driven mad by sudden fright, and have gradually lost their intellect through the constant presence of a fear from which there is no escape.

isauxiliary verbUS /ɪz/

the form of “be” used with he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading Arnoldo Meschini was not, perhaps, insane in the ordinary sense of the word; that is to say, he would probably have recovered the normal balance of his faculties if he could have been kept from narcotics and stimulants, and if he could have been relieved from the distracting fear of discovery which tormented him when he was not under the influence of one or the other.

itpronounUS /ɪt/

a thing, animal, or idea already mentioned

From this reading But the latter condition was impossible, and it was the extremity of his terror which almost forced him to keep his brain in a clouded state.

keepverbUS /kiːp/

cause to continue in a certain state, position, or activity; e.g., “keep clean”

From this reading But the latter condition was impossible, and it was the extremity of his terror which almost forced him to keep his brain in a clouded state.

keptadjectiveUS /kept/

(especially of promises or contracts) not violated or disregarded

From this reading Arnoldo Meschini was not, perhaps, insane in the ordinary sense of the word; that is to say, he would probably have recovered the normal balance of his faculties if he could have been kept from narcotics and stimulants, and if he could have been relieved from the distracting fear of discovery which tormented him when he was not under the influence of one or the other.

latteradjectiveUS /ˈlætər/

referring to the second of two things or persons mentioned (or the last one or ones of several)

From this reading But the latter condition was impossible, and it was the extremity of his terror which almost forced him to keep his brain in a clouded state.

lostadjectiveUS /lɔːst/

no longer in your possession or control; unable to be found or recovered

From this reading People have been driven mad by sudden fright, and have gradually lost their intellect through the constant presence of a fear from which there is no escape.

madadjectiveUS /mæd/

roused to anger

From this reading People have been driven mad by sudden fright, and have gradually lost their intellect through the constant presence of a fear from which there is no escape.

madmannounUS /ˈmædmæn/

an insane person

From this reading A man who is perpetually producing an unnatural state of his mind by swallowing doses of brandy and opium may not be insane in theory; in actual fact, he may be a dangerous madman.

mannounUS /mæn/

an adult person who is male (as opposed to a woman)

From this reading A man who is perpetually producing an unnatural state of his mind by swallowing doses of brandy and opium may not be insane in theory; in actual fact, he may be a dangerous madman.

maymodal verbUS /meɪ/

used to say something is possible, or to give permission

From this reading A man who is perpetually producing an unnatural state of his mind by swallowing doses of brandy and opium may not be insane in theory; in actual fact, he may be a dangerous madman.

Meschini

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Arnoldo Meschini was not, perhaps, insane in the ordinary sense of the word; that is to say, he would probably have recovered the normal balance of his faculties if he could have been kept from narcotics and stimulants, and if he could have been relieved from the distracting fear of discovery which tormented him when he was not under the influence of one or the other.

mindnounUS /maɪnd/

The element of a person that enables awareness and thought.

From this reading A man who is perpetually producing an unnatural state of his mind by swallowing doses of brandy and opium may not be insane in theory; in actual fact, he may be a dangerous madman.

moreadjectiveUS /mɔːr/

(comparative of “much” used with mass nouns) a quantifier meaning greater in size or amount or extent or degree

From this reading As one day followed another Meschini found it more and more impossible to exist without his two comforters.

narcoticsnounUS /nɑːrˈkɑːtɪks/

plural of “narcotic” — a drug that produces numbness or stupor; often taken for pleasure or to reduce pain; extensive use can lead to addiction

From this reading Arnoldo Meschini was not, perhaps, insane in the ordinary sense of the word; that is to say, he would probably have recovered the normal balance of his faculties if he could have been kept from narcotics and stimulants, and if he could have been relieved from the distracting fear of discovery which tormented him when he was not under the influence of one or the other.

nodeterminerUS /noʊ/

not any; not one

From this reading People have been driven mad by sudden fright, and have gradually lost their intellect through the constant presence of a fear from which there is no escape.

normaladjectiveUS /ˈnɔːrməl/

conforming with or constituting a norm or standard or level or type or social norm; not abnormal

From this reading Arnoldo Meschini was not, perhaps, insane in the ordinary sense of the word; that is to say, he would probably have recovered the normal balance of his faculties if he could have been kept from narcotics and stimulants, and if he could have been relieved from the distracting fear of discovery which tormented him when he was not under the influence of one or the other.

notadverbUS /nɑːt/

used to make a word, phrase, or sentence negative

From this reading Arnoldo Meschini was not, perhaps, insane in the ordinary sense of the word; that is to say, he would probably have recovered the normal balance of his faculties if he could have been kept from narcotics and stimulants, and if he could have been relieved from the distracting fear of discovery which tormented him when he was not under the influence of one or the other.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading Arnoldo Meschini was not, perhaps, insane in the ordinary sense of the word; that is to say, he would probably have recovered the normal balance of his faculties if he could have been kept from narcotics and stimulants, and if he could have been relieved from the distracting fear of discovery which tormented him when he was not under the influence of one or the other.

onepronounUS /wʌn/

used to mean any person in general, including the speaker

From this reading Arnoldo Meschini was not, perhaps, insane in the ordinary sense of the word; that is to say, he would probably have recovered the normal balance of his faculties if he could have been kept from narcotics and stimulants, and if he could have been relieved from the distracting fear of discovery which tormented him when he was not under the influence of one or the other.

opiumnounUS /ˈoʊpiəm/

an addictive narcotic extracted from seed capsules of the opium poppy

From this reading A man who is perpetually producing an unnatural state of his mind by swallowing doses of brandy and opium may not be insane in theory; in actual fact, he may be a dangerous madman.

orconjunctionUS /ɔːr/

used to join alternatives or possibilities

From this reading Arnoldo Meschini was not, perhaps, insane in the ordinary sense of the word; that is to say, he would probably have recovered the normal balance of his faculties if he could have been kept from narcotics and stimulants, and if he could have been relieved from the distracting fear of discovery which tormented him when he was not under the influence of one or the other.

ordinarynounUS /ˈɔːrdəneri/

a judge of a probate court

From this reading Arnoldo Meschini was not, perhaps, insane in the ordinary sense of the word; that is to say, he would probably have recovered the normal balance of his faculties if he could have been kept from narcotics and stimulants, and if he could have been relieved from the distracting fear of discovery which tormented him when he was not under the influence of one or the other.

otheradjectiveUS /ˈʌðər/

not the same one or ones already mentioned or implied

From this reading Arnoldo Meschini was not, perhaps, insane in the ordinary sense of the word; that is to say, he would probably have recovered the normal balance of his faculties if he could have been kept from narcotics and stimulants, and if he could have been relieved from the distracting fear of discovery which tormented him when he was not under the influence of one or the other.

PeoplenounUS /ˈpiːpəl/

(plural) any group of human beings (men or women or children) collectively

From this reading People have been driven mad by sudden fright, and have gradually lost their intellect through the constant presence of a fear from which there is no escape.

perhapsadverbUS /pərˈhæps/

by chance

From this reading Arnoldo Meschini was not, perhaps, insane in the ordinary sense of the word; that is to say, he would probably have recovered the normal balance of his faculties if he could have been kept from narcotics and stimulants, and if he could have been relieved from the distracting fear of discovery which tormented him when he was not under the influence of one or the other.

perpetuallyadverbUS /pərˈpetʃuːəli/

everlastingly; for all time

From this reading A man who is perpetually producing an unnatural state of his mind by swallowing doses of brandy and opium may not be insane in theory; in actual fact, he may be a dangerous madman.

presencenounUS /ˈprezəns/

the state of being present; current existence

From this reading People have been driven mad by sudden fright, and have gradually lost their intellect through the constant presence of a fear from which there is no escape.

probablyadverbUS /ˈprɑːbəbliː/

with considerable certainty; without much doubt

From this reading Arnoldo Meschini was not, perhaps, insane in the ordinary sense of the word; that is to say, he would probably have recovered the normal balance of his faculties if he could have been kept from narcotics and stimulants, and if he could have been relieved from the distracting fear of discovery which tormented him when he was not under the influence of one or the other.

producingverbUS /prəˈduːsɪŋ/

-ing form of “produce” — bring forth or yield

From this reading A man who is perpetually producing an unnatural state of his mind by swallowing doses of brandy and opium may not be insane in theory; in actual fact, he may be a dangerous madman.

recoveredadjectiveUS /rəˈkʌvərd/

freed from illness or injury

From this reading Arnoldo Meschini was not, perhaps, insane in the ordinary sense of the word; that is to say, he would probably have recovered the normal balance of his faculties if he could have been kept from narcotics and stimulants, and if he could have been relieved from the distracting fear of discovery which tormented him when he was not under the influence of one or the other.

relievedadjectiveUS /rɪˈliːvd/

(of pain or sorrow) made easier to bear

From this reading Arnoldo Meschini was not, perhaps, insane in the ordinary sense of the word; that is to say, he would probably have recovered the normal balance of his faculties if he could have been kept from narcotics and stimulants, and if he could have been relieved from the distracting fear of discovery which tormented him when he was not under the influence of one or the other.

sayverbUS /seɪ/

express in words

From this reading Arnoldo Meschini was not, perhaps, insane in the ordinary sense of the word; that is to say, he would probably have recovered the normal balance of his faculties if he could have been kept from narcotics and stimulants, and if he could have been relieved from the distracting fear of discovery which tormented him when he was not under the influence of one or the other.

sensenounUS /sens/

a general conscious awareness

From this reading Arnoldo Meschini was not, perhaps, insane in the ordinary sense of the word; that is to say, he would probably have recovered the normal balance of his faculties if he could have been kept from narcotics and stimulants, and if he could have been relieved from the distracting fear of discovery which tormented him when he was not under the influence of one or the other.

statenounUS /steɪt/

the territory occupied by one of the constituent administrative districts of a nation

From this reading But the latter condition was impossible, and it was the extremity of his terror which almost forced him to keep his brain in a clouded state.

stimulantsnounUS /ˈstɪmjələnts/

plural of “stimulant” — any stimulating information or event; acts to arouse action

From this reading Arnoldo Meschini was not, perhaps, insane in the ordinary sense of the word; that is to say, he would probably have recovered the normal balance of his faculties if he could have been kept from narcotics and stimulants, and if he could have been relieved from the distracting fear of discovery which tormented him when he was not under the influence of one or the other.

suddenadjectiveUS /ˈsʌdən/

happening without warning or in a short space of time

From this reading People have been driven mad by sudden fright, and have gradually lost their intellect through the constant presence of a fear from which there is no escape.

swallowingverbUS /ˈswɑːloʊɪŋ/

-ing form of “swallow” — pass through the esophagus as part of eating or drinking

From this reading A man who is perpetually producing an unnatural state of his mind by swallowing doses of brandy and opium may not be insane in theory; in actual fact, he may be a dangerous madman.

terrornounUS /ˈterər/

an overwhelming feeling of fear and anxiety

From this reading But the latter condition was impossible, and it was the extremity of his terror which almost forced him to keep his brain in a clouded state.

thatconjunctionUS /ðæt/

used to introduce what somebody said, thought, or felt

From this reading Arnoldo Meschini was not, perhaps, insane in the ordinary sense of the word; that is to say, he would probably have recovered the normal balance of his faculties if he could have been kept from narcotics and stimulants, and if he could have been relieved from the distracting fear of discovery which tormented him when he was not under the influence of one or the other.

thedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading Arnoldo Meschini was not, perhaps, insane in the ordinary sense of the word; that is to say, he would probably have recovered the normal balance of his faculties if he could have been kept from narcotics and stimulants, and if he could have been relieved from the distracting fear of discovery which tormented him when he was not under the influence of one or the other.

theirdeterminerUS /ðer/

belonging to the people or things already mentioned

From this reading People have been driven mad by sudden fright, and have gradually lost their intellect through the constant presence of a fear from which there is no escape.

theorynounUS /ˈθɪri/

a well-substantiated explanation of some aspect of the natural world; an organized system of accepted knowledge that applies in a variety of circumstances to explain a specific set of phenomena

From this reading A man who is perpetually producing an unnatural state of his mind by swallowing doses of brandy and opium may not be insane in theory; in actual fact, he may be a dangerous madman.

thereadverbUS /ðer/

in or at that place or location

From this reading People have been driven mad by sudden fright, and have gradually lost their intellect through the constant presence of a fear from which there is no escape.

throughprepositionUS /θruː/

from one end or side of something to the other

From this reading People have been driven mad by sudden fright, and have gradually lost their intellect through the constant presence of a fear from which there is no escape.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading Arnoldo Meschini was not, perhaps, insane in the ordinary sense of the word; that is to say, he would probably have recovered the normal balance of his faculties if he could have been kept from narcotics and stimulants, and if he could have been relieved from the distracting fear of discovery which tormented him when he was not under the influence of one or the other.

tormentedadjectiveUS /ˈtɔːrmentɪd/

experiencing intense pain especially mental pain

From this reading Arnoldo Meschini was not, perhaps, insane in the ordinary sense of the word; that is to say, he would probably have recovered the normal balance of his faculties if he could have been kept from narcotics and stimulants, and if he could have been relieved from the distracting fear of discovery which tormented him when he was not under the influence of one or the other.

twonounUS /tuː/

the cardinal number that is the sum of one and one or a numeral representing this number

From this reading As one day followed another Meschini found it more and more impossible to exist without his two comforters.

underprepositionUS /ˈʌndər/

below or beneath something; less than

From this reading Arnoldo Meschini was not, perhaps, insane in the ordinary sense of the word; that is to say, he would probably have recovered the normal balance of his faculties if he could have been kept from narcotics and stimulants, and if he could have been relieved from the distracting fear of discovery which tormented him when he was not under the influence of one or the other.

unnaturaladjectiveUS /ənˈnætʃərəl/

not in accordance with or determined by nature; contrary to nature

From this reading A man who is perpetually producing an unnatural state of his mind by swallowing doses of brandy and opium may not be insane in theory; in actual fact, he may be a dangerous madman.

wasauxiliary verbUS /wɑːz/

the past form of “be” used with I, he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading Arnoldo Meschini was not, perhaps, insane in the ordinary sense of the word; that is to say, he would probably have recovered the normal balance of his faculties if he could have been kept from narcotics and stimulants, and if he could have been relieved from the distracting fear of discovery which tormented him when he was not under the influence of one or the other.

whenconjunctionUS /wen/

at the time that

From this reading Arnoldo Meschini was not, perhaps, insane in the ordinary sense of the word; that is to say, he would probably have recovered the normal balance of his faculties if he could have been kept from narcotics and stimulants, and if he could have been relieved from the distracting fear of discovery which tormented him when he was not under the influence of one or the other.

whichpronounUS /wɪtʃ/

used to introduce a clause giving more about a thing just mentioned

From this reading Arnoldo Meschini was not, perhaps, insane in the ordinary sense of the word; that is to say, he would probably have recovered the normal balance of his faculties if he could have been kept from narcotics and stimulants, and if he could have been relieved from the distracting fear of discovery which tormented him when he was not under the influence of one or the other.

whopronounUS /huː/

which person or people

From this reading A man who is perpetually producing an unnatural state of his mind by swallowing doses of brandy and opium may not be insane in theory; in actual fact, he may be a dangerous madman.

withoutprepositionUS /wɪˈθaʊt/

not having, not using, or not accompanied by

From this reading As one day followed another Meschini found it more and more impossible to exist without his two comforters.

wordnounUS /wɜːrd/

a unit of language that native speakers can identify

From this reading Arnoldo Meschini was not, perhaps, insane in the ordinary sense of the word; that is to say, he would probably have recovered the normal balance of his faculties if he could have been kept from narcotics and stimulants, and if he could have been relieved from the distracting fear of discovery which tormented him when he was not under the influence of one or the other.

wouldmodal verbUS /wʊd/

used for something imagined, polite, or habitual in the past

From this reading Arnoldo Meschini was not, perhaps, insane in the ordinary sense of the word; that is to say, he would probably have recovered the normal balance of his faculties if he could have been kept from narcotics and stimulants, and if he could have been relieved from the distracting fear of discovery which tormented him when he was not under the influence of one or the other.

Chapter 28 of Sant' Ilario by F. Marion (Francis Marion) Crawford holds 280 sentences, grouped into 56 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the public-domain source, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 28 of Sant' Ilario contain?

Chapter 28 holds 280 sentences of Sant' Ilario, unabridged, divided into 56 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 28 of Sant' Ilario by F. Marion (Francis Marion) Crawford exactly as it stands in the public-domain source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 280 sentences, grouped into 56 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 28 of Sant' Ilario?

Work through the 56 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 56 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 28 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 28 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading Sant' Ilario

Common questions about reading Sant' Ilario by F. Marion (Francis Marion) Crawford on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of Sant' Ilario?

Yes. All 9272 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #5227 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of Sant' Ilario is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #5227, a public-domain edition. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does Sant' Ilario take to read?

About 600 minutes of reading across 1855 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

How to read Sant' Ilario section by section

How to work through Sant' Ilario section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.

  1. Open a chapter

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  2. Read one section

    Each section holds 5 sentences; read it once through.

  3. Listen and tap

    Play the section aloud, then tap any unfamiliar word for its entry.

Vocabulary met early in Sant' Ilario

Words and structures a reader meets early in Sant' Ilario, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Years
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Sant' Ilario; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Service
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Sant' Ilario; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Zouaves
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Sant' Ilario; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Wrought
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Sant' Ilario; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.